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Principais desafios para a mulher artista do graffiti
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-30) Siqueira, Deisy Daniela Santos; Lombardi, Lucia Maria Salgado dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5697508831302188; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0665406867393582
The present work arose from the need to understand the challenges faced by graffiti artist who is a woman. Understanding graffiti as one of the four elements that configure Hip-Hop and a field of artistic performance and intervention mostly occupied by men, exploring graffiti from the female point of view became a relevant subject both personally and essential for the field of Art, so that women can be given visibility. This work was divided into three chapters, that are the “memorial”, in which I report on the experiences that took me to the graffiti world until the moment of this research; the “methodology”, excerpt in which I present the different paths I carried out in this research and the chapter which was constituted by the theoretical framework. The research investigated concepts about the art of graffiti, the history of female graffiti, the world-renowned women graffiti artists and national ones, the challenges of the female artist, and the importance of graffiti in feminist militancy. The research results indicate that a deeper understanding of the history female graffiti legitimizes and registers the presence and resistance of women artists in the social scene and in the public space, as well as stimulating the debate on the women’s role in contemporary society.
Dieta e dispersão de sementes por lycalopex vetulus (LUND, 1842) em áreas de cerrado stricto sensu do município de Chapada Dos Guimarães, Mato Grosso, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-30) Cisneiro, Aimée Cruz; Dalponte, Julio Cesar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1418576881609219; Rocha, Vlamir José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8044368595391973; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2306122732951247
With an endemic distribution of the Cerrado, the hoary fox (Lycalopex vetulus) is a small canid considered vulnerable to extinction by the last Brazilian list of threatened mammals. Their diet is based on the consumption of insects and a considerable portion of fruits and small vertebrates, which indicates that the hoary fox can act as a seed disperser in this biome. Through the active search and field collection of fecal samples of L. vetulus, these samples were selected and analyzed, enabling the identification of the food items consumed, besides their frequency of occurrence and biomass. Invertebrates (66%) and wild fruits (65%) composed most of the diet, and small vertebrates (24%) were uncommon. A high frequency of termites (Isoptera; present in 60% of the feces) showed that this item represents great importance in the species' diet. For dispersion analyzes, were performed germination and viability tests on the seeds found in the feces, which pointed out that most of the tested species have a viability rate greater than 50%, while only five species germinated. The diet of the hoary fox was similar in composition to a study carried out in the same area 20 years ago. Moreover, L. vetulus could be considered a potential seed disperser since most of the plant species propagules found in their feces proved to be viable even after passing through their digestive tract.
Supramolecular synthesis and characterization of new multicomponent forms of fluconazole
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-30) Owoyemi, Bolaji Charles Dayo; Carneiro, Renato Lajarim; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8065852319463976; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2811381246113757
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) is the therapeutic constituent that defines the pharmacological properties and performance of the drug. Their qualities vary due to their respective physicochemical and pharmacological properties/parameters like solubility, dissolution rate, bioavailability and stability. Orally administered must present adequate parameters for an effective absorption into the systemic circulation for an optimal pharmacological response. Crystal engineering is an established route through which the problematic physicochemical and pharmacological properties of an API is optimized and re-addressed by using a new solid form, which is reached via supramolecular synthesis through synthon interactions of an API and a conformer molecule. Therefore, the selection of complementary API/coformer for the design of multicomponent structures via intermolecular interactions is achieved using tools like multicomponent screening wizard of MERCURY program and the pKa rule. This thesis presents a reproducible crystallization route for the synthesis of new pharmaceutical cocrystals and a salt of fluconazole (FLZ), an antifungal multifunctional drug. The selected coformers were the dicarboxylic acids adipic, dipicolinic, oxalic, fumaric and malic, which showed strong intermolecular interactions like O−H∙∙∙N and O−H∙∙∙O (hydrogen bond) between FLZ molecule and the dicarboxylic acid. Herein, we reported four new pharmaceutical cocrystal forms; (1:1:1) fluconazole-fumaric acid monohydrate, (1:1) fluconazole-malic acid, (1:1) fluconazole-dipicolinic acid and (1:1) fluconazole-adipic acid. In addition, a stable (1:1) fluconazolium oxalate salt was synthesized through protonation (H+) of API, i.e. a FLZ cation with an oxalate anion through N+‒H∙∙∙O− ionic bond and O–H∙∙∙O hydrogen bond. All these new structures present better solubility compared to the commercialized form. The combination of spectroscopy techniques (Raman/FTIR) and principal component analysis (PCA) was employed as tool for visualizing and screening the spectra obtained from the products of the supramolecular synthesis, therefore, facilitate the discrimination of physical mixtures of API and coformers from new desired crystal structures. The structural properties characterizations of all these reported structures was performed using X-ray diffraction (powder and single crystal), Spectroscopy (Raman and FTIR) and thermal analysis (DSC, TGA, and HSM). UV-vis spectrophotometry was employed for the determination of aqueous solubility of new crystalline structures. The results in this thesis will be present as the published papers, and annexed at the end of this thesis: Annex I – Fluconazolium oxalate: synthesis and structural characterization of a highly soluble crystalline form, CrystEngComm, 21, 1114 - 1121, 2019; Annex II – Fluconazole: Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Four New Pharmaceutical Cocrystal Forms, Crystal Growth & Design, 19, 648 - 657, 2019.
Comunicação química em quelônios dulcícolas: reconhecimento específico e possíveis impactos de uma espécie invasora
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-30) Silva, Roberta Mariáh Teodósio; São Pedro, Vinícius de Avelar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7404103190291423; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6324170745164936
Although chemical communication is widely used by turtles for various social and sexual behaviors, few studies address freshwater turtles. Chemical communication between different species of turtles is also an area to be explored. The introduction of exotic species is a major threat to turtles; however, the impact of chemical cues from invasive species on native Brazilian species is still unknown. We hypothesized that the focal native species were able to recognize the chemical cues of their own species and of the invasive species and that the presence of the exotic chemical cue would affect the use of space by the native species. For this purpose, the influence of chemical cues from the invasive exotic species (Trachemys scripta elegans) on the choice of aquatic environments and thermoregulation sites by species of native freshwater turtles was tested experimentally. A first experiment investigated the influence of the chemical cues of the invasive species on the choice of aquatic environments by the black-bellied slider (Trachemys dorbigni). The animals were individually subjected to binary choice tests in which they could choose between two water samples with treatments varying between clean water, water with chemical cues of conspecifics and water with chemical cues of the invasive species. In the second experiment, it was investigated the effect of chemical cues on the choice of thermoregulation sites by the giant South American river turtle (Podocnemis expansa) and yellow-spotted Amazon River turtle (Podocnemis unifilis). In an open enclosure containing the native animals, wooden structures were available with three treatments (with chemical cues of the subject species, with chemical cues of the invasive species or with no chemical cues) and the use of the structures by the subject animals was observed. The tested black-bellied sliders demonstrated to differentiate the chemical cues of their own species from the chemical cues of the invasive species, since when these two water samples were contrasted there was a significant preference of T. dorbigni females for water samples with chemical cues of conspecifics. However, when the water samples with chemical cues were contrasted with clean water, the animals did not prefer any sample. The species P. expansa and P. unifilis showed no differences in the frequency of use of the thermoregulation sites in relation to the treatments offered. Although it was not possible to establish a clear relationship between the presence of the chemical clue of the invasive species in the environment and the use of space by the tested native species, this study constitutes an important step in the study of the chemical ecology of freshwater turtles and its implications for conservation of native species in Brazil.
Educação ambiental crítica e teoria crítica: uma análise das práticas educativas de pesquisa-ação à luz da categoria práxis transformadora
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-30) Oliveira, Wander Pinto de; Torres, Juliana Rezende; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3083345943491817; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1233497225721187
Critical environmental education is currently understood as a perspective that guides the search for transformations in concrete reality through praxiological educational practices. The same can be said of the action research methodology. Since this is a reference for many educators (researchers) take it as a reference to develop their practices, seeking to contemplate the emancipation of subjects, criticality and praxis, assumptions of the Critical Theory of the Frankfurt School. However, it is not uncommon for prolonged time, a perspective to prove itself from its theoretical framework. In this sense, this research aimed to analyze the criticality of educational practices applied in action-research dynamics in the field of critical environmental education, in the light of the transforming praxis category, understood here as the collective theoretical/practical effort, oriented to the transformation of concrete reality in search of overcoming socio-environmental contradictions produced by capitalism (TORRES, 2010). To define this category, the searchers demonstrate how the assumptions of Critical Theory underlie the Liberating Education (FREIRE, 2017), which, in turn, help to support the methodology of action research (BALDISSERA, 2001; THIOLLENT, 1986; TOZONI-REIS, 2005; VIEZZER, 2005) and Critical-Transformative Environmental Education (TORRES, 2010). To obtain the data, a survey of articles published in the main journals in the field of Brazilian environmental education was carried out between 2015 and 2019. Only nine articles, among the 1.172 found in the bibliographic research (action-research; participant action-research and participatory action-research) report an educational practice in line with action research, referenced by authors of critical environmental education. From the documentary analysis, we investigate whether the educational practices in question, carry out, approach or distance themselves from the concept of transformative praxis. According to this analysis, it was found that only one article reported a practice that contemplated the analytical category, four approached, and three that distanced. An article was excluded due to lack of information to allow analysis. The results presented indicate a great distance between the discourse and the practice in the field of critical environmental education, emphasizing the need for this approach so that the objectives of critical educational practices are achieved.
Métodos de solução para o problema de dimensionamento e sequenciamento de lotes com limpezas temporais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-30) Garcia, Juan Sebastian Pineros; Martins, Alyne Toscano; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8799344239653549; Ferreira, Deisemara; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0245267028273903; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9741648092302041
This paper presents the lot sizing and scheduling problem found in the production of fruit drinks. This is a two-stage production with some particularities: presence of a lung tank in the second stage and the need for mandatory cleanings at each predetermined time of continuous production of the same item. According to Associação Brasileira das Indústrias de Refrigerantes e de Bebidas Não Alcoólicas, the consumption of ready-to-drink fruit drinks is at its peak when compared to the consumption of soft drinks. From 2010 to 2017, the production of fruit drinks shows an increase of 48%, while the production of soft drinks market shows a decrease of 25%. In addition, on average, companies spend around 20% of the day cleaning line equipment. As far as the literature review is concerned, this problem with these characteristics is relatively new, difficult to solve for large real instances and has wide applicability. Based on a mathematical model found in the literature for the problem, analytical methods such as decomposition heuristic and hybrid meta-heuristic are proposed, in order to support decision making in a more efficient way in the planning and lot sizing seeking to minimize the costs associated with production. Computational tests were performed with instances found in the literature, based on real data, and with generated instances. These new instances were generated with the objective of having scenarios more adjusted to reality. Taking into consideration that a more in-depth investigation of the instances found in the literature will show, for the most part, excessive capacities and unbalanced costs. Decomposition and improvement heuristics (Fix-and-optimize) and Simulated Annealing heuristics were tested. The results found were compared with the best method found in the literature for the studied problem. Decomposition and improvement heuristics find better performances in instances with medium or low dimensions, however, for the larger dimensions the heuristic of the literature presents better computational performance.
Desempenho sensorial e motor em crianças e jovens com paralisia cerebral: inter-relações e perspectivas para a intervenção fisioterapêutica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-30) Santana, Camila Araújo Santos; Tudella, Eloisa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3207258034860219; Campos, Ana Carolina de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5292093208120940; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7986401363114609
Cerebral palsy (CP) is mainly characterized by disorders of movement and posture. However, somatosensory deficits are often reported and known to be involved in limitations related to motor performance. The somatosensory system includes peripheral receptors and neural pathways related to touch and body position, being central to motor control. However, the relations between sensory and motor components are not well known, as it is not clear if these relations may mediate the effects of interventions in individuals with CP. Thus, we conducted the study 1, which is a literature review that aims to verify the state of the evidence concerning the interrelationships between somatosensory and motor components in individuals with cerebral palsy. The results have shown the direct relationships between sensory and motor aspects in this population, however, there are literature gaps and variability in results reported. Moreover, the low methodological rigor of the included studies limits the understanding of interactions between these components and clinical implications. being necessary that further studies be conducted. Based on the findings regarding the influence of the sensory system on the motor performance, and since most studies addressing this topic are focused on the upper limbs, study 2 was conducted. Study 2 is about the development and evaluation of the viability and effects of a short-term sensorimotor training with predominantly sensory focus directed at the lower limbs of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. This exploratory study had a randomized controlled design, where 8 participants were allocated to receive the sensorimotor training developed for this study, and 8 received a conventional, predominantly motor training; both protocols were applied for 3 consecutive days, with total duration of 180 minutes. The results of this study show that the developed training protocol was feasible and well-accepted in practice, but was not superior to the control protocol. However, we found significant relationships between tactile discrimination and proprioception of the lower limbs with motor components (postural stability and gait) and tendencies were observed showing that sensory and motor aspects might be influenced by a sensorimotor training protocol. The results of this study can serve as the basis for the expansion and development of sensorimotor protocols directed to the lower limbs in individuals with cerebral palsy.
O papel da Fundação Parque Zoológico de São Paulo na conservação de espécies ameaçadas de extinção: o caso da Aburria jacutinga
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-30) Robbi, Beatriz; Guida, Fernanda Junqueira Vaz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1302967676407620; Carmassi, Giulianna Rondineli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1483021311370862; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2492609261496754
The black-fronted piping guan, a Brazilian bird that inhabits the Atlantic Rainforest, is considered a great native seed disperser, it is currently classified as “Endangered” by the International Union of Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and Ministério do Meio Ambiente. As its behaviours are not widely studied yet, this research aims to contribute with behavioural knowledge about this species, which owns a conservation and reintroduction in wild program. The behaviours of black-fronted piping guan in captivity, at the São Paulo Zoo, were studied in four different phases: (1) when the individuals were apart in different enclosures, (2) during pairing period, (3) in the beginning of reproductive period and (4) in its peak, and with observations by the method Ad libitum and animal focal. The 86 identified behaviours were classified in 8 different categories. Our results indicate that the most reproduced behaviour by the black-fronted piping guan were “Stationary”, “Maintenance and Hygiene”, and “Locomotion”. The behavioural category’s frequencies did not have significant variation through the phases for the different individuals studied in function of the high variability of these frequencies observed for the different behaviours during the phases analysed. Regarding the reproductive behaviour, we verified an increase in the months August to November since this is the period of reproduction of this species. The two eggs laid in January might be an indication of reproductive period alteration of animals held in captivity. Environmental education and research are two of many fundamental points that are performed by modern zoos nowadays. Thereby, publicizing educational actions and research projects associated with fauna conservation on social media is something that can clarify to the public the real functions of a modern zoo. The weekly series with a total of 30 chapters nominated “De olho nas jacutingas” shared in the Fundação Parque Zoológico de São Paulo (FPZSP) social media (Facebook and Instagram) is an example of this: inspiring other professionals to do the same kind of divulgation and having a good acceptance of the public. An educational action was conducted with the FPZSP visitors, with the discussion of the importance of birds and biodiversity, the role of modern zoos and actions taken to the conservation of endangered species, as the black-fronted piping guan. The metrics analysed in this study were: reach, likes/reactions, sharings, visualizations, and comments. When we observe the number of likes and comments, the social network with the most involvement from their followers was Instagram, with a reach 3.3 times bigger than Facebook, demonstrating to be the best social media to publish conservation projects.
Elementos de metadados para a descrição de jurisprudência: uma proposta aplicada em ambientes digitais jurídicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-30) James, Talita Daemon; Castro, Fabiano Ferreira de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7124931056289027; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5493426415367445
Jurisprudence, as an expression of legal information, is an information resource, with specific characteristics and peculiarities and which needs studies, with regard to the descriptive treatment of information of this nature. It is proposed to investigate, in the available scientific literature, patterns of case law description, in order to identify initiatives, metadata standards, best practices or metadata elements used in the process of representing this resource. It is questioned, what are the appropriate metadata elements to guarantee the efficient recovery of jurisprudence in digital legal environments? The objective is to identify and analyze the adoption of metadata elements and standards for the description of jurisprudence applied to the Brazilian context. Characterized by an exploratory and descriptive methodology, the theoretical and methodological corpus was constructed to understand the metadata elements necessary for the description of jurisprudence, based on the Systematic Literature Review method, which made it possible to identify and outline elements of indispensable metadata applicable to the representation of jurisprudence. As results, 46 metadata elements are presented, which were mapped based on the initiatives, metadata standards, best practices and metadata elements derived from the documentary mass identified in the Systematic Literature Review in the process of describing Brazilian jurisprudence, constituting it is a proposal applied in historical jurisprudence and current jurisprudence. Thus, the proposal of metadata elements for the description of jurisprudence developed in this research can be considered a starting point for the digital legal environments to be better structured, in the effective use of metadata elements for the representation of Brazilian jurisprudence and allowing the interoperability between information systems, providing the necessary conditions for their presentation and retrieval, in the appropriation of information content to the end user.
Ação do mercúrio no Sistema Hepatonefrocítico de operárias de Bombus atratus (Hymenoptera: Bombini)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-30) Balsamo, Paulo José; Abdalla, Fábio Camargo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7770803221041927; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4601072042180652
In addition to environmental stressors, native Brazilian bees are continuously exposed to biotic stressors, such as parasites and pathogens, and abiotic stressors, such as pesticides and metals. Metallic contaminants such as mercury (Hg), have the ability to induce bees to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing the formation of oxidative stress. In this context, the labeling of enzymes related to the cellular response was studied, specifically chaperones (Heat Shock Proteins) Hsp70 and Hsp90, cytochrome P450 and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in cells of the Hepato-Nephrocytic System (HNS) of Bombus atratus, exposed to Hg. Workers of B. atratus were collected in the municipality of Sorocaba, SP, (23º34'53.1''S 47º31'29.5 ''W), during the months of February to March 2017, 2018 and 2019. After the collection, the workers were placed individually in boxes for the toxicological test and kept in an incubator at 26° C, 70% humidity, in the dark, for 48 hours, according to OECD recommendations. Eleven workers were used for each group, being offered both solid food (soy extract, honey and pollen, 1: 1: 1 ratio) and the exposed group 2mL of a Hg solution at a concentration of 110 µg L-1, (110ppb Hg) and to the control group uncontaminated water. After 48 hours the animals were cryo-euthanized and the tissues that make up the HNS were dissected and processed for morphological and immunofluorescence analyzes. When compared to control bees, the exposed group showed increased P450 and SOD marking, indicating the role of trophocytes and oenocytes in the first response to metal contamination, represented by the increased expression of phase I detoxification enzymes (P450) and primary response to oxidative stress (SOD). The chaperones Hsp70 and Hsp90 had a reduction in labeling, a fact that may be linked to the origin of the collection of bees in the field for experimentation. These data corroborate the thesis that the Hepatonephrocytic System is a stress biomarker and the expression of enzymes by cells of this system can serve as a cellular marker of the physiological status of native Brazilian bees.
Planejamento estratégico: estudo de caso em uma pequena empresa de serviços elétricos industriais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-30) Ferreira, Josué; Souza, Leandro Marcel; Cunha-Nardy, Neila Conceição; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6586808642504798; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4833508614359166; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8114383710663559
Strategic planning is widely approached by educational and business support institutions, however, its implementation is generally observed in large corporations, intermediated by consultants specializing in the subject. Due to the challenging demands of everyday life it is unusual to have expectations or anticipations about business in small companies because everything is so spontaneous. The strategy is not always defined, and it develops according to the initial intention of the CEO, without due assessment. Thus, strategic planning often ends up being utopian. Given the scarcity of time, insufficient training for management, financial limitations, these small companies end up surviving, “putting out fires”. The aims of this undergraduate thesis is to develop an organizational diagnosis in the company Test Service, specialized in industrial electrical services. The methodological procedure for carrying out the diagnosis was based on Oliveira (2015), whose steps are strategic diagnosis, company mission, prescriptive and quantitative instruments, control and evaluation. The data collection instruments were interview and questionnaire, which resulted in SWOT matrices. Though theses matrices, it was possible to identify situations that must be maintained and reinforced by the company, while others must be developed and implemented.
Jogos eletrônicos e e-sports: desenvolvimento e mercado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-30) Minamihara, Allan Mitsuhito; Rachid, Alessandra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6981682198988902; ttp://lattes.cnpq.br/000000000000000
The e-sports or electronic sports are a way of competing using videogames that have gained popularity in recent years. Its relevancy has attracted the making of new studies, and in this monograph the objective is to analyze the videogames and e-sports market growth and make a comparison between e-sports and traditional games. In addition to the literature research, a documental analysis was conducted using secondary sources like e-sports specialized websites and e-athletes blogs to gather data about the activity. As a result, it was observed an economic relevancy from e-sports and the videogame market, despite its brief existence.
Avaliação da política de inclusão escolar em um município na perspectiva de professores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-30) Santos, Vivian; Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3897627554738983; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2658245807750269
This study is part of a bigger multimethod project that had the objective of analyzing the school inclusion policy within a city from São Paulo State (Brazil) using the Policy Cycle Approach (PCA). This research focused specifically in the teacher’s perspectives. In order to do so, three studies were elaborated. The first one focused on the context of international and local influence, realizing an integrative literature review and individual interviews with former staff members of the local education department. The second study investigated the context of text production, analyzing official documents within national (94 texts) and local (26 texts) levels. The third study analyzed the context of practice with 53 teachers from regular classrooms and 8 specialized teachers through: 1) individual and structured interviews, and 2) focus groups. Data about the context of influence highlighted how multilateral agencies influence policy guidelines about special education in Brazil by means of conferences and declarations. The local context analysis showed that the city policies followed the national movement adhering the national policy with strong presence of the third sector specialized institutions. In the context of text production analysis within the national sphere, four historic periods stood out: a) 2003-2006: starting the speech about schooling of students with special needs; b) 2007-2010: radicalism and confrontation tone which was softened along the period; c) 2011-2016: confrontation between the philanthropic institutions movement and the private education sector; and, d) 2016-2019: polarization between reviewing or not reviewing the national policy of special education in Brazil. The context of text production in the local scope showed three important groups of documents that aimed: a) To regulate the Special Educational Service within regular schools; b) To regulate the cooperation financial agreement with the private specialized institutions; c) To elaborate the Municipality Plan of Education and its monitoring reports. The data showed that the city studied firstly adhered to the national policy, but over the years there, translations and interpretations of their own started being used. The context of practice, analyzed through contextual dimensions with its own indicators, evidenced as the main challenges: demand for teacher training within special education field and lack of workload to collaborative planning between regular teachers and special education teachers. This reality resulted in difficulties within educational practices and the learning evaluations of students with special needs. The indicators about self-evaluation, degree of knowledge and training needs highlighted problems associated with understanding the special education policy and practice with students with special needs. Special Education teachers tended to give better evaluation to the policy when compared with regular teachers, this result can be explained by their qualification being mostly for the topic and, mainly, by the differences in their work conditions and the lack of support to the regular classrooms. Suggestions that the evaluation of the special education policy can yield better indicators stem from the elaboration of programs for continuing education, changes within the systematic support of the special education teacher with emphasis in the support directed to regular classroom teachers, and material investment to improve learning spaces for students with special needs. It is expected that this study adds to the enhancement of research tools and methodologies to evaluate the Brazilian school inclusion policy and to improve studies about educational policies in Brazil.
Aspectos estruturais e funcionais da comunidade de crustáceos (Decapoda) da Baía de Santos - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-06-30) Santos, Jorge Luis dos; Petrere Junior, Miguel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9377772041367252; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0276003772135377
The objective of this thesis is to analyze the composition and structure of the crustacean (Decapoda) community in the Santos Bay - SP, using descriptors of composition, abundance and diversity. To evaluate the contrasts between numerical abundance and weight use, Shannon (traditional) and three weighted (H'Ht, H'Tr and H'Fun) diversity index values were compared separately using data from each. Thus, by means of linear regression, the correlation coefficient was calculated in order to test if the pairing efficiency. Then, when pairing was efficient (p <0.05), index data using numerical abundance and weight were evaluated by paired t-test, otherwise by independent t test. The order Peneiodea was the most representative in both number and weight, mainly because of the high participation of X. kroyeri, which was the most abundant species in most points, mainly in the bay side of São Vicente, in the winter and spring. The shallow and medium bathymetric bands were the sites with the highest abundance of X. kroyeri. The composition and abundance of the crustaceans of the Bay of Santos vary between the seasons, the depth and the sides of the bay. These differences were statistically significant between the sides, with the São Vicente side presenting the greatest abundances. There was a significant difference between seasons with winter showing the highest abundances. The diversity varied between points and seasons, with the greatest differences being that the highest values were observed on the Santos side. The Bay of Santos presents as an area of occurrence the shrimp of seven beards, mainly next to São Vicente, representing a relevant area for this fishing resource.