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Análise da alfabetização científica no ensino de fitoterápicos por meio de uma sequência didática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-02) Fernandes Neto, Larissa Soares; Lupetti, Karina Omuro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5198051111079064; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2193551911085295
The use of herbal medicines as a form of treatment or complement to health care is a practice that is quite present in the world population. In Brazil, the difficult access of people to health services, the high cost of industrialized medicines and the idea of using natural products that are less harmful, contribute to the growing demand for herbal medicines. However, caution is necessary, as medicinal plants have chemical substances that can cause unexpected reactions and drug interactions, which implies information and care with their administration. As they are over-the-counter products, they are subject to self-medication and pharmaceutical guidance, and it is necessary updated scientific information about their safety and effectiveness by professionals. This project have aimed to promote scientific literacy involving herbal medicines and their concepts. With the application of a planned and selected didactic sequence with varied resources, such as expository and dialogued classes, experimental, text discussion and research, for students of the technical course of pharmacy at ETEC Francisco Garcia in Mococa/SP. Data collection was performed using observational and participatory methodology, and the analysis of the research was carried out based on qualitative analysis. The students have shown learning of the contents, identification of technical-scientific terms, and development of criticality and were encouraged to seek continuous scientific updating, which promoted the training of professionals able to the job market and capable of proposing improvements around them.
A influência do treinamento físico em ratos espontaneamente hipertensos tratados com dexametasona: contribuição dos microRNAs
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-02) Herrera, Naiara Araújo; Cardoso, Sandra Lia do Amaral; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2030708742766455; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0539590036930541
Hypertension (HT) is a multifactorial disease characterized by elevated and sustained blood pressure (BP), which can be primary or secondary. Dexamethasone (DEX) is a synthetic glucocorticoid and its chronic use causes hypertension. Hypertension exacerbation induced by DEX on spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) could increase mortality risk. Microvascular rarefaction is present in both primary and DEX-induced hypertension and it is associated with angiogenic/apoptotic pathway unbalance. More recently, microRNA has been considered important in determining the genesis of spontaneous hypertension, however, their role in DEX-induced hypertension in SHR has not been investigated. Conversely, physical training (T) has been recommended as a co-adjuvant for the HT treatment. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether physical training is able to attenuate blood pressure increase in SHR treated with DEX and whether if this effect is associated with changes in microRNA related to microcirculation . Normotensive (Wistar) and hypertensive (SHR) rats underwent 8 weeks of T on a treadmill (60% of maximum capacity, 5 days a week, 1 hour a day) or kept sedentary. During 14 days, after 8 weeks of physical training, animals were treated with DEX (50µg / kg of body weight per day, s.c.) or saline. Blood pressure measurement and spectral analysis were performed after DEX treatment. Subsequently, tibialis anterior muscle and left ventricle were removed and processed for capillary density and capillary-to-fiber ratio evaluation, as well as VEGF, AKT, p-AKT, eNOS, Bcl-2, capase-3-cleaved proteins levels and microRNA-16, 21, 126, 155, 221 and 222 expression. In Wistar rats, DEX increased blood pressure (+27%), caused an autonomic imbalance to the heart, reduced capillary density and capillary-to-fiber ratio on tibialis anterior muscle associated with VEGF, p-AKT / AKT, Bcl-2 reduction and caspase-3-cleaved increase. Training attenuated blood pressure (-10%) increase and autonomic imbalance to the heart and prevented capillary density and capillary-to-fiber ratio reduction on tibialis anterior muscle associated with microRNA 126 increase and with a better balance between VEGF, p-AKT/AKT, Bcl-2 and caspase-3-cleaved levels. In SHRs, training reduced blood pressure and increased tibialis anterior muscle and left ventricle capillary density and capillary-to-fiber ratio. Thus, exercise training attenuates hypertension induced by DEX in Wistar rats due to autonomic imbalance attenuation and microcirculation rarefaction prevention associated with microRNA 126 increase. T, per se, induced myocardium angiogenesis associated with microRNA 126 increase, regardless DEX treatment. In addition, T reduced H in SHR, regardless DEX treatment, due to autonomic balance and microcirculation improvement. DEX did not exacerbate hemodynamic and microcirculation alteration already present in SHR.