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Avaliação dos efeitos da exposição aguda aos agrotóxicos 2,4 D e Fipronil em brânquias de Danio rerio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-09) Viana, Natália Prudêncio; Souza, Iara da Costa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5391583114634391; Fernandes, Marisa Narciso; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3021357484136942; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5830175882626889
The pesticides used in monocultures have the main function of reducing losses during the production process. These compounds can affect a wide spectrum of plant and animal species, inducing from biochemical and morphological changes to bioconcentration in tissues, which can lead to the death of these organisms. Thus, biochemical and histological analyzes of bioindicator organisms become effective tools for determining the impact of these substances. In this work the fish Danio rerio, a biological model used worldwide in toxicological tests, was chosen to assess the impact of concentrations of environmental relevance of two pesticides used in sugarcane monocultures in Brazil, fipronil and 2,4-D, tested alone and in mixture. Fipronil and 2,4-D bioconcentrate in the body of D. rerio, with a bioconcentration factor (BCF) of 1,092 for fipronil, 1,373 for 2,4-D alone; in mixture, BCF presented values of 1.261 and 1.005 for the insecticide and herbicide, respectively. Gills of fish exposed to fipronil showed a decrease in catalase activity and increased when exposed to the herbicide. In mixture, there was an increase in the activity of glutathione-S-transferase in samples of gills and of the whole body, in addition to the increase observed in the activity of acetylcholinesterase in D. rerio muscle. The gills of the exposed fish had histopathological changes and an increase in the fractional area of the chloride cells. The results obtained show responses of D. rerio when exposed to the insecticide and herbicide for 96 h, indicating that pesticides pose a risk to fish health in environmentally relevant concentrations.
Proposição de lista de avaliação de dispositivos visuais em canteiros de obras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-09) Abid Neto, Said; Serra, Sheyla Mara Baptista; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8528385567782505; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2518458198541153
The objective of visual management is commonly related to the increase in visual communication, whose consequence is an increase in transparency. As a result, losses can be reduced, and productivity increased. However, visual management is still relatively limited in industrial assembly construction sites. Moreover, there is a lack of understanding on how to evaluate the visual devices used in this context. Therefore, this study aims to develop a method to evaluate the visual devices present in an industrial assembly construction site. This research proposes applying an evaluation list for visual devices at construction sites based on Galsworth’s taxonomy (1997), dividing visual devices into four categories of level of control, namely: indicators, flags, controllers, and guarantors. In addition, it proposes a taxonomy related to the purpose of the device, namely: space, organization and movement, production and health, safety, and environment. The proposed evaluation list was applied to five different industrial assembly construction sites of a given company. The adopted methodological approach was Design Science Research and developed the artifact. Furthermore, the practical knowledge obtained through visits to construction sites was also employed. The results showed that applying the evaluation list on construction sites is feasible, but it depends on the evaluator’s skill and understanding of the visual devices. Nevertheless, the practical situations can be related to best practices, serving as a parameter for the continuous improvement of the company as well as for application in other construction companies. The study's main contribution was elaborating the proposed evaluation list, which can be used both by researchers and companies that intend to evaluate the visual devices used in construction sites. In addition, the classification of visual devices regarding their taxonomy and the results of the evaluations of visual devices in the studied sites stand out as theoretical contributions.
Intuitive: modelo conceitual para workflows de ETL
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-09) Portes, Ana Célia Ribeiro Bizigato; Ciferri, Ricardo Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8382221522817502; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9091259735091455
The information domain is seen as a competitive differential in the most varied business areas, such as health, agribusiness, telecommunications, logistics, and government agencies. The correct and updated information is a valuable subsidy for corporative strategic decisions. Additionally, nowadays, huge volumes of data are generated at high speed and in various formats. In this context, research has been made to propose new models, architectures, processes, and algorithms that can contribute to transforming data into useful information for strategic decision making. In this scenario, a data warehousing environment plays a key role. The environment contains the data warehouse (DW), a huge repository with data that serves as a basis for responding to OLAP (Online Analytical Processing) queries. In a data warehousing environment, the ETL process is used to extract raw data from different data sources and to transform, clean, and integrate that data, loading to the DW. The ETL process is used for first data loading and, also for refreshing the data in the DW. This master's research investigated the best practices in conceptual modeling for ETL workflows and, as a result, proposes a new model, called “Intuitive”. The Intuitive Model adds simplicity, agility, clarity, and consistency to the modeling stage and can contribute to the improvement of construction and maintenance of ETL workflows. Theoretical analysis activities and practical experiments were performed with the users’ participation in order to validate the Intuitive Model. Such steps allowed us to evaluate that the elements of the Intuitive Model are sufficient to represent clearly several regular ETL scenarios showing advantages in comparison with the main related work in the state of the art.
Efeito da temperatura, do grau de trofia e do surfactante Dodecil Sulfato de Sódio nos crescimentos de Egeria densa (Planch) e de Chara sp. (Linnaeus)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-09) Wanderley, Emmanuelle Leite; Santino, Marcela Bianchessi da Cunha; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2356641063223397; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6156324318541780
There is growing concern about the ecological impacts caused by human actions. We can mention the use of surfactants, where their presence in the aquatic ecosystem affects the quality of the water, and in addition to this we have the increase in water temperature, as a consequence of global warming, which determines the speed of the metabolic processes in the aquatic biota. In this context, this study evaluated the growth and physiological responses of two aquatic macrophytes (Egeria densa and Chara sp.) Under the effect of two concentrations (0.5 and 8.0 mg / L) of the sodium dodecyl sulfate surfactant (DSS), at two temperatures (25 and 27 ºC) and in eutrophic and oligotrophic growth media. The accumulated length, the growth constant (µ), the daily growth rate, the temperature coefficient (Q10), the doubling time (td), the number, contributions and the emergence time of the shoots were evaluated. The physiological analyzes of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, carotenoid) and antioxidants (anthocyanin and flavonoid) were carried out on the fresh biomass of Chara sp. and E. densa. Significant differences in growth (p < 0.0001) between the different treatments (control and DSS) were identified for both macrophytes. The increase of 2 ºC promoted greater accumulated growth in E. densa in eutrophic medium. For Chara sp. the thermal variation of 2 ºC, did not alter its accumulated growth in eutrophic medium. Plants grown in the medium enriched with nutrients and with the presence of DSS developed better when compared to the oligotrophic medium. The highest growth constant (µ) for Chara sp. occurred at 25 ° C and for E. densa at 27 ° C, both in eutrophic medium. Regarding the doubling time (dt), the highest was registered for E. densa, in the treatments with DSS, at 25 ºC (eutrophic). Q10 was higher (6.36) between the eutrophic medium temperatures for E. densa. For Chara sp., Q10 was 1.2 and 1.28 in the eutrophic and oligotrophic media, respectively. The treatments at 25 and 27 ºC (eutrophic) were responsible for the largest number and contributions of shoots in Chara sp. and E. densa, respectively. Chara sp. presented a continuous process of formation and loss of shoots; the number of sprouts and their contributions in relation to the growth medium and temperature were significant. The time of emergence varies between treatments, and for E. densa the variation occurred between 7 to 27 days, and for Chara sp., the period was between 3 and 7 days. Physiologically, the plants adapted to the presence of the DSS; variations in the concentrations of photosynthetic pigments and antioxidants were observed, with growth in oligotrophic medium (25 and 27 ºC), with the highest concentrations of pigments and antioxidants in both macrophytes. These results showed that the presence of DSS, combined with temperature and culture medium, influence the growth parameters of E. densa and Chara sp., without causing early senescence and consequent death of these species. There was adaptation, of both species, in relation to the variations of the possible DSS interferents, temperature and degree of trophic state of the medium in the growth.