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Perspectivas e estratégias para melhoria da educação em engenharia de materiais brasileira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-10)
Marcos, Leonardo Pollettini
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Leiva, Daniel Rodrigo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6576844591900987
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5861228475056157
Engineering Education (EE) has greatly expanded in Brazil over the last decades and, over the last few years, some criticisms to the Brazilian EE started to gain traction. A reform to the national guidelines for engineering curricula, as well as financial support by CAPES for selected institutional projects targeting the improvement of engineering education were issued as national policies. Naturally, all these aspects extend to Materials Science and Engineering (MSE) education as well. Considering this context, this dissertation focused on identifying the current shortcomings of MSE education in Brazil and at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), on constructing an overview about the state of EE research around the world and on connecting these shortcomings to the institutions that research them, resulting on a strategic overview of partnerships that would particularly benefit MSE education in Brazil. In order to do so, bibliometrics were employed, and public data from the Questionário do Estudante, UFSCar’s students and internal quality evaluations were investigated. It was verified that the current shortcomings include, among other aspects: the lack of variety on the instructional and assessment methods employed by institutions, the lack of student support, low female representation and a low development of soft skills. On the worldwide research on EE topics, it was verified that the US is the country with the largest scientific output on the field and should be recognized as an international reference, and that there is a wide breadth of topics covered by EE research. Finally, a few institutions were identified for strategic partnerships on a few specific topics, while other institutions presented themselves as strategic for any of the topics related to the shortcomings, due to their great scientific output in the field — notably Purdue University and Virginia Tech, both US-based.
Impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on linear and nonlinear dynamics of heart rate variability in patients with heart failure
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-10)
Goulart, Cássia da Luz
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Caruso, Flávia Rossi
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Arêas, Guilherme Peixoto Tinoco
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Santos, Polliana Batista dos
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Camargo, Patrícia Faria
Desenvolvimento e avaliação de dispositivo com fluxos rotacionais para a formação de nanofibras poliméricas pelo processo de fiação por sopro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-10)
Dulcini, Sérgio Luiz
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Mattoso, Luiz Henrique Capparelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5839043594908917
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Marconcini, José Manoel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5373845785326215
The spinning of polymeric fibers, with micrometric and nanometric dimensions, has many technical advantages and cost benefits. The techniques known as Electrospinning and Solution Blow Spinning (SBS) have been extensively investigated because they allow production at room temperature and enable the manufacture of a greater variety of nonwovens with regard to their morphology and chemical composition as well as fiber diameter. For this reason, many researchers have sought to further understand this technology. Recent studies have been conducted on SBS with a view to increasing its productivity and controlling its processes, given that this technique allows the production of micrometric and nanometric fibers without using electric fields. The applications of nonwovens, i.e., fabrics with no orderly weave, depend on their final morphology, so it is important to understand the process of fiber formation. Published studies on SBS use linear turbulent flows to drag the polymeric solution. Changes in the process are limited to what happens in the environment after the solution is released. So far, no researchers have investigated the rotational flow inside the SBS device and at the tube outlet. Other applications have indicated that the angular velocity can assist in stretching the solution. The methodology used in this thesis consisted of electronic images and high speed cameras in addition to statistical analysis of the nanofiber diameters. The results showed a significant reduction in the average diameter of the nanofibers produced with this rotational deviceIn this study, using the biodegradable polymer poly(lactic acid) (PLA) solubilized in Dimethylcarbonate (DMC).
Contradualismos no Opará: Lideranças Tuxá no Comitê da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio São Francisco
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-10)
Ramos, Gustavo Moreira
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Villela, Jorge Luiz Mattar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8301325600502054
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2613610736105324
This is an ethnography whose protagonist is a relationship - and aren't all ethnographies about relationships? - which, in turn, is made up of so many others, namely: among the Tuxá, indigenous people from the Bahian sertão of Brazil directly affected by the construction of the Itaparica Dam in 1988, and Opará, a watercourse that white people name São Francisco river. The reason for placing them, the relations between Tuxá and Opará, in this leading role is justified by one of their leaders, Dinamam Tuxá, who predicted the ultimate event: “If Opará dies, indigenous peoples will also die”. The analytical focus is on the participation of Tuxá leaders as indigenous representatives in the São Francisco River Basin Committee, a state agency of consultative and deliberative character responsible for the management of the waters of the São Francisco river basin. The objective is to ethnograph the efforts of the leaders to maintain Opará alived and, thus, the Tuxá themselves, since there will be no Tuxá people without Opará. That said, this dissertation is an analytical description of leadership ways of resistance. Unlike the forces in the state agency that strive to stop indigenous participation through the imposition of different types of simplifications and separations, these indigenous leadearships carry out their actions in the Commitee creating alliances and engagements, including basilar elements of the western world imagination, especially what they call white people scientific knowledge codes. Indigenous ways of resistance that are not restricted to a mere impulse of reaction, but that widen and deepen, like the river waters themselves, towards the creation of possibilities to produce concrete political actions. Therefore, it is a matter of presenting how these indigenous leaders move between the dams imposed on the ways of life of their people through actions in this water management Committee, which operates by building dams and establishing dualisms with the objective of carrying out separations between elements and relationships that are inseparable from a Tuxá perspective, among them: Politics and Science, Land and Water and, mainly, Tuxá and Opará.
Seleção sexual e a ordem Odonata: uma abordagem teórica e experimental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-10)
Pestana, Gabrielle Cristina
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Ferreira, Rhainer Guillermo Nascimento
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2440863332849994
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6363707133266300
Sexual Selection theory was proposed by Darwin in 1871 and, thenceforth, has been widely discussed and tested in several taxonomic groups. Complementary hypotheses were formulated by different researchers aiming to understand the mechanisms and evolutionary processes related to sexual secondary characters and reproductive behaviors. Insects of the order Odonata, also known as dragonflies and damselflies, are used as models due to the presence of coloring patterns on the body and wings that act as sexual ornaments, and the diversity of behaviors related to reproduction. Thus, studies on the use of sexual traits before and after copulation, in different mating systems, are carried out with different species in this group. In this context, the present dissertation is focused in evolutionary models of sexual selection in odonates as study models. The first part contains two chapters: the first is a review of the mechanisms, costs and some hypotheses related to sexual selection, mainly related to the presence and function of sexual ornaments in males; and the second chapter, a scientometric analysis of published studies on the role of male sexual ornamentation and the different sperm competition strategies. The results of the scientometric analysis showed a difference in pre- and post-mating studies, in relation to the years in which there is a greatest number of publications with these themes, countries where the studies were developed, species analyzed and main authors. In the second part of this dissertation an observational study was carried out in order to verify the relationship between pre- and post-mating sexual traits, analyzing wing pigmentation proportion, sperm viability, total number of sperm, muscle mass, fat reserve and body size in two species: H. longipes and H. rosea. The results were discussed based on two hypotheses of sexual selection: the sperm competition game, which proposes a trade-off between sexual traits; and the fertility-linked phenotype, which predicts that the male sexual ornament co-vary with the individual's fertility. The results obtained suggest that both hypotheses can be corroborated, since males of H. longipes, presented a trade-off between the traits evaluated, while males of H. rosea presented a positive relationship between these traits.
Os sentidos sociais da velhice e do envelhecimento nos programas de preparação para aposentadoria de grandes empresas brasileiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-11)
Bernardinelli, Ingrid
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Candido, Silvio Eduardo Alvarez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0194644249955417
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4387243781289309
In recent years, the number of large companies that have implemented retirement preparation programs has increased, which stems from their perception of demographic changes and the need for intervention in their employees' retirement processes. The objective of the research is to analyze the social conceptions of old age and aging underlying the retirement preparation programs of Brazilian companies. To achieve the proposed objective, a qualitative research, focused on analyzing, investigating and incorporating the meanings and interpretations attributed to the programs and the individuals involved, was carried out. Using secondary data about management literature and reports published in the business media, and primary data, collected through semi-structured interviews with consultants that rely on these programs and Brazilian companies. These data were analyzed based on the technique of content analysis. The concept of old age underlying the programs has been shown to be positive, since it agrees with a more active retirement. This transformation is in line with analyzes that point to recent ideological transformations that value the idea of activity and the financialization process. Corporate retirement preparation programs encourage an investment culture, of which the topic of financial planning is highlighted. Such programs spread as an opportunity to engage in new activities after retirement, such as economic activities and entrepreneurial activities, and with that, builds new perspectives for retirement. The understanding of the meanings underlying these programs is relevant, since large companies and consultancies are influential actors in the construction of meanings about old age and aging, influencing the ways in which society in general understands the phenomenon and influencing the ways that many people plan for retirement, deconstructing old-fashioned views of old age and rebuilding it as a new, more active phase.
Efeito da exposição aguda do inseticida Fipronil e do herbicida 2,4-D e mistura de ambos em curimbatá, Prochilodus lineatus (Teleósteo, Prochilodontidae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-11)
Portruneli, Natália
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Souza, Iara da Costa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5391583114634391
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Fernandes, Marisa Narciso
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3021357484136942
The herbicide 2,4-D and the insecticide fipronil are pesticides frequently detected in aquatic ecosystems, thus threatening wildlife and health security. The aim of the present study was to investigate the toxicity of 2,4-D (447 µg ia L-1 ) and fipronil (63.49 µg ia L-1 ), isolated and mixed in the neotropical fish Prochilodus lineatus in a time of 96 h exposure under laboratory conditions. After exposure, bioconcentration in the organism, the activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione stransferase (GST) and the level of lipid peroxidation (LPO), and changes in the surface of the branchial epithelium were determined. The bioconcentration factor was calculated at 0.17 kg-1 L for 2.4 D isolated and 12.4 kg-1 L for fipronil alone. In animals exposed to the mixture of pesticides, only fipronil bioconcentrated and the bioconcentration factor was 10.8 kg-1L. In fish exposed to 2,4-D alone, there was an increase in the enzymatic activities of CAT and GST and LPO indicating oxidative stress. In fish exposed to fipronil alone, only the GST activity increased. No change occurred in the activity of CAT and GST in animals exposed to the mixture of pesticides. In the gills, the histopathological changes occurred more intensity in fish exposed to fipronil and the mixture of pesticides. The most frequent being hypertrophy, hyperplasia, epithelial detachment, and vascular congestion. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyzes showed an increase in the density of cellschloride (CC) and in the morphology of the pavement cells and CCs in fish in the group exposed to fipronil. The results showed that acute exposure to 2,4-D and fipronil induce biochemical changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes as well as in the HAI. The exposure to fipronil increased CC density and the morphology of CC and pavement cells in the gills. The mixture of the two pesticides had antagonistic effects.
Estudos sobre divulgação científica e redes sociais virtuais: o caso do Boletim Behaviorista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-11)
Girotti, Vivian Bonani de Souza
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Rose, Julio Cesar Coelho de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3386857761295187
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3624061181662949
The investigation of the use of virtual social networks by institutions, groups and individuals, for the dissemination of information, is important since a large part of the population uses the Internet as the main source of information, and this, in turn, can have impacts on how people interact with each other. Faced with the need to understand this practice, were conducted to identify three studies, characterized as quasi-experiments to identify and analyze one of the practice publishing reviews on the Behaviorist Bulletin blog by the Culture, Language and Symbolic Behavior (CLICS), based on the concept of control agencies and evaluation of the effects of the dissemination of reviews via the CLICS Facebook page, on access to reviews. The number of accesses to the reviews posted on the blog were collected in two moments, before and after the publication of the review via Facebook, in addition to the data from the Facebook post being collected. The results indicated that there was an increase in the number of hits as reviews after being posted on the Facebook page. With this, both the blog and the CLICS Facebook page can be analizyzed as control agencies, since, because they are the information holders, they may be able to influence the behavior of others, when producing and disseminating information. Finally, it is considered that the data found in the studies were important to meet the proposed objectives and to confirm the hypothesis raised that there were effects on the data of views on the blog, after the manipulations made on Facebook. In addition, it is also considered that the concept of metacontingencies can help to understand the information dissemination practice analyzed here.
Crescimento e respostas fisiológicas de Ricciocarpus natans expostas ao cádmio, cobre e níquel em duas temperaturas (25 e 27 ºC)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-11)
Cabral, Andresa Lana Thomé Bizzo
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Bianchini Júnior, Irineu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0659731944736389
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6087645455438773
Industrial activities, such as the production of sugar and alcohol by plants, have generated by-products that have high concentrations of metals in their composition, for example, vinasse. Thus, the integrity of ecosystem processes becomes threatened, as they are the main recipients of pollutants / contaminants, with consequences for the associated biota. Metallic elements can be toxic in high concentrations, causing changes in photosynthetic activity and protein damage to plants. Another environmental condition that contributes to altering the integrity of the aquatic ecosystem is the increase in temperature due to global warming. Thus, investigations on growth and physiological responses of aquatic plants subjected to contamination by metals at different concentrations and temperatures are necessary to understand the ability of some species to tolerate varying concentrations of metals and temperature variation. This study evaluated growth and physiological responses of individuals of Ricciocarpus natans exposed to concentrations of Cd (0.001; 0.01 and 0.375 mg / L), Cu (0.002; 0.009 and 0.385 mg / L) and Ni (0.002; 0.025 and 0.221 mg / L) individually and in combinations, under two temperatures. In addition, growth, and physiological responses in R. natans exposed to dilutions of sugar cane vinasse (5%, 10% and 50%) were evaluated under two temperatures. Over 21 days (every seven days) the following parameters were evaluated: growth (biomass and size in width), photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids), non-enzymatic antioxidants (anthocyanins and flavonoids) enzymatic (superoxide dismutase and catalase), electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation (MDA). The growth coefficient and physiological responses of R. natans were affected by exposure to Cd, Cu and Ni, both at 25 ºC and 27 ºC. With only 7 days of exposure, the combinations of metals and dilution of vinasse negatively affected the growth kinetics of R. natans and the physiology, and the experiment was concluded. R. natans exposed to metals in the lowest concentrations (0.001; 0.01 mg / L Cd, 0.002; 0.009 mg / L Cu and 0.002; 0.025 mg / L Ni) showed a reduction in MDA followed by an increase in antioxidants, suggesting activation of the defense the stress to which the plant has been subjected. However, at 27ºC with exposure to metals, there was a greater content of electrolyte leakage in R. natans indicating alteration of the cell membrane. The reduction of photosynthetic pigments under high concentrations of metals (0.375 mg/L Cd, 0.385 mg/L Cu and 0.221 mg/L Ni), collaborates with the reduction of plant growth exposed to metals both individually and in combinations, representing a relationship between the damage caused by oxidative stress. In this study, Ricciocarpus natans showed a detoxification mechanism for Cd, Cu and Ni in low concentrations (0.001; 0.01 mg/L Cd), (0.002; 0.009 mg/L Cu) and (0.002; 0.025 mg/L Ni) through increased antioxidant production and tolerance to variation of 2ºC. Thus, the results of this study contribute to the understanding of the changes that metals, either individually or in combinations, and the increase in temperature, can induce in the growth and physiological parameters of aquatic macrophytes.
Contínuo e limite entre expressão cristalizada e construção com verbo-suporte à luz do Léxico-Gramática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-14)
Picoli, Larissa
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Laporte, Eric Guy Claude
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1868574391473178
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Vale, Oto Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2277403284693571
This thesis presents an investigation about the continuum of expressions between frozen idioms and support-verb constructions, and about the limit between these two categories, in 560 sentences formed with the verbs ser, estar, ficar and ter in Brazilian Portuguese, as the expression ser um tiro no pé in the sentence Dar carona é um tiro no pé. This construction seems to be a frozen idiom, because ser um tiro no pé has a non-compositional sense, but it admits the omission of the verb ser, as we can see in the sentence Achei sua atitude um tiro no pé, and this is a property of support-verb constructions. Constructions formed by these verbs are productive in Portuguese, and therefore, relevant to lexicological descriptive studies. Although much recent research on frozen idiom classification has been published, as well as some recent research describing support-verb constructions, many constructions have not been analysed and described yet. In this context, we apply several syntactic operations in sentences constructed or attested on the web with the aim of describing and classifying the syntactic-semantic properties of constructions that are in the limit. Through these properties, we recognize, within the expressions that are in the limit, a set of frozen idioms, and a set of support-verb constructions. The theoretical-methodological model we follow is the Lexicon-Grammar (GROSS, 1975b), which establishes principles of description and systematic classification of predicative elements of languages. This model is based on Zellig Harris' Distributionalism and Transformational Theory (1961; 1964). As a result of the analysis, we propose an elaboration of a language resource in the form of tables of the Lexicon-Grammar, a formalism that allows for easy adaptation to Processing of Natural Language. According to this formalism, it is possible that computer programs, such as Unitex, search and label these constructions in large corpora and, from the results, expand the inventory of initially identified constructions.
Atividade antimicrobiana de extratos de folhas, caules e raízes de Eugenia klotzschiana O. Berg (Myrtaceae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-15)
Vicente, Edgar Oliveira
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Gualtieri, Sonia Cristina Juliano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9973185407856723
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4455595216078973
Since the discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming, the phenomenon of antibiotic resistance has been observed. Economic and technological factors have influenced the drug industries and decreased or ceased research focusing on new antibiotics. In such a way, the Antibiotic Crisis was established, culminating in a growing expenditure on hospital expenses and an increase in medication dosages. Microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus are among the most common causes of hospital infections that are difficult to treat. Therefore, research with natural products has been indicated as a promising strategy for obtaining new antibiotics. Secondary plant metabolites, especially the Myrtaceae family, have shown satisfactory results for this purpose. However, this work presents antimicrobial results from extracts obtained from leaves, stems and roots of Eugenia klotzschiana with different solvents of varying polarities.
Obtenção do sistema nanoestruturado livre de chumbo (Na0,5Bi0,5)0,94Ba0,06TiO3 (NBT-BT6) via rotas químicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-16)
Silva, Gislayne Rayane Alves da
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Perdomo, Claudia Patricia Fernández
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0062895903351287
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Kiminami, Ruth Herta Goldschmidt Aliaga
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7643216999108223
Perovskites based on sodium bismuth titanate (Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3) are promising candidates for replacing some ceramic materials based on lead due to piezoelectric properties. The solid solution 0.94(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3-0.06BaTiO3 (NBT-BT6) can be highlighted as it shows the morphotropic phase boundary in this composition, where its dielectric and ferroelectric properties are maximized, as well as the piezoelectric coefficient. Most studies report the solid-state reaction as a method of obtaining this nanostructured system, which compromises its stoichiometry. Thus, this dissertation aims at the study the achievement of the NBT-BT6 through conventional hydrothermal synthesis and microwave-assisted routes and polymeric precursor - Pechini. In the hydrothermal synthesis, the study of the variation of the mineralizing concentration , time and temperature was carried out, whereas in the polymeric precursor - Pechini method, the temperature of the heat treatment of the dehydrated resin was the analyzed variable. In powders obtained under hydrothermal conditions, both conventionally and assisted by microwaves, the presence of the NBT and BT phases, and the anatase and brookite phases, after synthesis, were identified. Particles in cubic shapes and fibers were formed in both synthesis methods. The powders obtained via microwave-assisted hydrothermal route showed particles with a smaller average size and morphology with a greater presence of fibers, obtained in only 4% of the synthesis time, and after sintering at 900 °C for 2 hours they presented the NBT- BT6 phase and relative density of 87%. In samples synthesized by the polymeric precursor -Pechini method, the NBT-BT6 phase without secondary phases was obtained at 650 °C. In addition, the transformation of the phase at 260 °C, from rhombohedral to tetragonal, was observed for the formation of the solid solution NBT-BT6 indicating the presence of the morphotropic phase boundary and the beginning of crystallization at 450 °C, the lowest temperature reported in the literature.
Um estudo de caso sobre como a introdução de comportamentos adaptativos em uma aplicação web legada impacta a cobertura de código
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-16)
Gentil, Rogerio Jeronimo
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Ferrari, Fabiano Cutigi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3154345471250570
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7939047455945748
Context: Self-managing computer systems, also known as self-adaptive systems, are an alternative to get IT professionals free from details of operation and maintenance. Web applications can incorporate characteristics of a self-adaptive system, such as adaptation behavior at runtime, to respond to user needs, or to changes in context, in order to make them autonomous. However, one of the challenges of software engineering is to transform a legacy system into a self-adaptive system, in view of the costs and risks to replace a legacy system. Furthermore, as with any software evolution process, the introduction of adaptive behavior can lead to the insertion of faults in the legacy system. This way, the code coverage information produced by software tests assist in activities related to the evolutionary maintenance of the system. Objective: In this work, we analyzed, through the comparison of coverage metrics, how the introduction of adaptive behaviors in a real world legacy web application impacted code coverage. Method: In order to have a minimum percentage of coverage, for each scenario implemented, a set of test cases was created in the legacy version of the web application. Then, evolutionary versions were develop with the introduction of the adaptive behaviors to the application. The versions (legacy and adaptive) were organized into branches of the version control system so that adaptive implementations have evolved in two technological ways. The coverage metrics for each version of the web application were collected, after re-running the set of test cases created, and tabulated to allow data analysis. Results: The coverage of six versions of the web application with behavior characteristic of self-adaptive systems, in addition to the legacy version, were analyzed and compared between the respective implementation scenarios. Conclusion: The results indicate that the impact on the total code coverage is relevant, where even relatively small changes can considerably affect, either positively or negatively, the percentage of coverage of the changed unit.
O trágico como limiar do desencanto: o apocalipse em O livro dos homens sem luz, de João Tordo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-17)
Ruy, Igor Fernando
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Valentim, Jorge Vicente
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4427303771174064
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6524414036072929
This essay presents the sensations of the end of the world in the novel O livro dos homens sem luz (2004), by the contemporary Portuguese writer João Tordo (1975-). At first, it approaches the Portuguese author in the opening, mentioning his strategy of literary insertion, through a universal thematic of disenchantment with the human condition, whose strategy of rereading of the past allows a different and less utopian look at the advances in contemporary times. This perception obviously passes through artistic production and, thus, realization in literature, through the exercise of verisimilitude with fiction, the utopian impact of a demand for a social transformation of well-being that has not been completely consolidated. As a result, this essay deals with the construction of this theme through the tragic as a conductive element of a dysphoric action in postmodernity. It discusses the configuration of the end of the world feelings based on losses that lead to the tragic action. João Tordo’s novel, therefore, leads to a reflection on the representation of space and time in the narrative and the conditioning forces in the elaboration of the end of the world, with triggering processes of the type of conduct in the presence of tragic action, in addition to the tendency to rupture with the social ordering processes, determined in the moral sphere, thus thematizing an anti-utopian discourse. Finally, the network of ambiences and catastrophic environments result in a critical look at social relations that, although configured in the fictional scope, reflects the disbelief in the resolution of the frustrations interposed in daily life, establishing melancholy as a connecting thread to the notion that we are near the end of the world.
Resistência ao escorregamento de revestimentos cerâmicos: avaliação por diferentes métodos, correlações com a topografia e o desgaste da superfície durante o uso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-17)
Lot, Ana Virgínia
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Melchiades, Fábio Gomes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4469106561041487
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Boschi, Anselmo Ortega
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3259846931278607
The development of ceramic floors for safe use in environments associated with slip and fall accident risks, which are even higher in the presence of water and contaminants, deals with the following difficulties: 1) although some roughness increase may contribute to the slip resistance of the surfaces, on the other hand, this can make them more susceptible to grime and wear. 2) there is a wide variety of methods for evaluating and classifying tiles as recommended or not for use in slip-risk areas and results of different methods may disagree between them. 3) satisfactory slip performances of floors measured before installation may not be maintained during their use. In this sense, the objective of this work was to contribute to the development of safe and durable ceramic floors by identifying the characteristics of the surfaces related to their performance and investigating how they vary over time. Several types of commercial floors were characterized regarding their slip resistance - with the DS, BOT-3000 and Pendulum devices - and staining resistance. The results were correlated with roughness parameters obtained by profilometers for the identification of the surface’s characteristics relevant to their performance. The samples were subjected to heavy traffic, to accelerate their wear and grime, and re-evaluated. Surface changes were observed, such as reductions in average roughness and profile amplitude and inclination, as well as the increase in the spacing between irregularities and rounding of their shapes. Consequently, all the high initial slip resistance surfaces presented a deterioration of this property in the three methods of evaluation. Surface aspects were also associated with tendency to grime and a new complementary analysis to the usual laboratorial method for predicting ceramic floors cleanability was proposed.
O Centro Educacional São José Operário em São Luís do Maranhão (1988-2015): confessionalidade e laicidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-17)
Rodrigues, Maria José Lobato
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Nunes, Iran de Maria Leitão
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2313634756775278
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Bittar, Marisa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3059723520472948
This study analyzes the trajectory of Centro educacional São José operário (CESJO), founded by the Congregation Poor Servants of Divine Providence, in Maranhão capital, in 1988, to attend the sons of poor families from the periphery of São Luís. As a philanthropic confessional school, the CESJO express, by one side, elements that fundament the educative and caritive intentions of the catholic church, and, by other, when being financed with public resources, the secularity of the state. In this sense, the analysis is justified by permit comprehend the catholic interaction present in the school inside of the context of secularity of the state in the education. The study self insert in the field of history of education and, more specifically, in the line of the educational institutions where we search for theoretical. Methodolocally, we stablished as temporal mark the period of time between 1988 and 2015 (27 years) by the possibility to reconstruct the tragetory of the institution and the transformations in which it passes nowadays. The study self insert in the field of history of education and, more specifically, in the line of the educational institutions, Aiming documental intersection using different sources, among them, the writings, iconographicals and orals, being that the interviews were of absolute importance especially by the fact of many pratices and experiences lived by different individuals in the school being only registred in their memories.The Congregation when creating the school found in the sucularity of the State the guarantees to offer for the society assistencial support and confessional school education that stablished their bases in the work as educative principle. CESJO’s confessional identity was marked by a set of rites and practices (disciplining, prayer, religious teaching classes, sacred symbols, religious festivities, congregational charism, spiritual formation), which, in turn, built own school culture that influenced the identity and worldview of their subjects. CESJO over three decades has changed its relationship with the State: between 1988-2003 it was configured as a philanthropic confessional school that received public resources; in 2004 it was inserted in the public education network; in 2015 the school building was rented to SEDUC-MA. The relationship he established with the public authorities since 2004 and the socio-cultural influences interfered with his confessional character and christian identity, making him characterized as a public school with elements of catholic confessionality. CESJO’s trajectory shows that the State-religion relationship produced a secularity in education marked by the influence and manifestation of religious elements in public spaces, what sustain the validity of christian educaction inside the education system.
Eficácia da utilização da solução custodiol versus a solução celsior como métodos de preservação do enxerto no transplante cardíaco
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-17)
Fernandes, Marcio Pimentel
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Machado, Regimar Carla
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1310723429860987
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4775278598894188
Heart transplantation may be the only treatment opportunity for those individuals with end-stage heart disease. Heart preservation is currently limited to 4 hours in cold ischemia storage using preservation solutions, and is an indispensable factor for graft function and survival in transplantation. The mortality rate is mainly related to graft failure in transplantation, so that techniques capable of improving graft function can directly influence the patient's survival. Objective: To analyze in the scientific literature the efficacy between custodyol versus celsior solution as the best method of graft preservation in heart transplantation. Method: This is an integrative review of the literature, directed according to the structure of PICOS, followed by research in the electronic databases: Pubmed, Virtual Health Library and Embase, to research the articles. As keywords we use heart transplantation and its synonyms, Celsior, and Cutodiol and its synonyms. Results: In all, 22 studies were analyzed, of which only 4 were included in the review, one clinical trial, one meta-analysis and two retrospective studies. Mortality and myocardial dysfunction after heart transplants were investigated. Conclusion: After the analysis of the articles under study, it was not possible to identify between the two solutions Celsior and Custdiol a superiority of one over the other in post-transplant mortality and graft dysfunction after transplantation.
Influência do uso e cobertura do solo sobre a ictiofauna de riachos das cabeceiras do Alto Rio Paranapanema
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-17)
Almeida, Rodrigo da Silva
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Cetra, Maurício
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6775493342513120
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4423449163037358
Human activities have generated unprecedented impacts on aquatic biodiversity. Thus, knowing the impacts generated by these activities is extremely important, as fish from the Neotropical regions represents approximately 1\5 of the world's fish species, or perhaps 10% of all vertebrate species on the planet. Agricultural activities cause changes in the landscape and, depending on land use, they can reduce permeabilization and percolation, increase runoff, increase in sedimentation, fragmentation of forests, and the entry of pollutants into the watercourse. These effects cause changes in the stream structure and, consequently, affect the fish communities. However, different types of land use do not promote identical changes in aquatic systems, so the effects on fish communities will be differentiated. Understanding the direct and indirect effects that affect the structure of fish assemblages is of great relevance, moreover, in studies that include several factors: land-use and land-cover (LULC), stream structure, geographic and spatial (watercourse distance). These types of studies promote the expansion of knowledge to support conservation measures. The present study aims to answer whether there is a relationship between land use for agricultural activities and fish assemblages and to test whether these relationships are dependent on the spatial scale. The study was conducted in the southeastern of the Rain Forest in an extension of approximately 240 km from the Upper Rio Paranapanema Basin. Sampling was carried out in 30 streams of headwaters that include stretches of 2nd to 5th order. Satellite images were acquired to carry out the classification of land-use and land-cover. Redundancy analyzes (RDA) were applied to test the relationship between land use and composition and paths analyses to test direct and indirect relationships between land use and the richness of stream fish species. The results showed that there is a relationship between land use and the composition and richness of fish species, but it is dependent on the spatial scale adopted. The analysis of partition of variance and redundancy showed that in the catchment scale most of the variation in LULC was explained together with by geographic and spatial factors indicating intercorrelation between these two sets of variables. There was a relationship between local environmental variables and LULC on the catchment scale. The RDA test showed that there is a relationship between composition and local environmental variables and spatial factors. There is an indirect relationship between the richness of fish species and land use, but it depends on the type of use practiced. The species were associated with the type of land use. Generalist species are more common in streams whose catchment has higher anthropic pressure. Our work indicates that the hierarchical concept is valid to identify the environmental factors that affect the composition of the fish assemblages. This study highlights the importance of catchment management in the preservation of stream fish. The work also indicates that agriculture has a greater indirect (negative) effect on the fish richness and that different types of land use indirectly affect the fish richness of streams, as the land use on the watershed scale contributes to the alteration of the stream structure, which consequently affects the assembly of stream fish.
Treinamento suspenso vs. treinamento de força tradicional: efeitos na massa muscular, força e desempenho funcional em idosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-18)
Soligon, Samuel Domingos
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Libardi, Cleiton Augusto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8953409094842074
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8700846438138378
Purpose We compared the effects of suspension training (ST) with traditional resistance training (TRT) on muscle mass, strength and functional performance in older adults. Methods Forty-two untrained older adults were randomized in TRT, ST (both performed 3 sets of whole body exercises to muscle failure) or control group (CON). Muscle thickness (MT) of biceps brachii (MTBB) and vastus lateralis (MTVL), maximal dynamic strength test (1RM) for biceps curl (1RMBC) and leg extension exercises (1RMLE), and functional performance tests (chair stand [CS], timed up and go [TUG] and maximal gait speed [MGS]) were performed before and after 12 weeks of training. Results MTBB increased significantly and similarly for all training groups (TRT: 23.35%; ST: 21.56%). MTVL increased significantly and similarly for all training groups (TRT: 13.03%; ST: 14.07%). 1RMBC increased significantly and similarly for all training groups (TRT: 16.06%; ST: 14.33%). 1RMLE increased significantly and similarly for all training groups (TRT: 14.89%; ST: 18.06%). MGS increased significantly and similarly for all groups (TRT: 6.26%; ST: 5.99%; CON: 2.87%). CS decreased significantly and similarly for all training groups (TRT: -20.80%; ST: -15.73%). TUG decreased significantly and similarly for all training groups (TRT: -8.66%; ST: -9.16%). Conclusion ST promotes similar muscle mass, strength and functional performance improvements compared to TRT in older adults.
UVC-based advanced oxidation processes for water treatment: laboratory and pilot plant scale studies
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-21)
Sánchez Montes, Isaac José
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Aquino, José Mario de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8847710280926769
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8426184376549148
The challenge of providing good-quality water free from contaminants of emerging concern (including organic microcontaminants; OMCs) and pathogens is one of the main hot topics worldwide. Thus, the efficiency of different UVC-based advanced oxidation processes (UVC AOPs) to remove organic pollutants and/or inactivate pathogens under distinct experimental conditions was investigated. At laboratory scale, UVC/HClO process showed the best performance for the degradation and mineralization of BPA containing solutions, while the UVC/S2O82– process had a better efficiency in comparison to UVC/H2O2. This behavior is due to the generation of high oxidation power radicals (mainly HO• and SO4•−) by the activation of H2O2, S2O82–, and HClO under UVC light. Considering the oxidation by-products generated, no organochlorine compounds were detected (after 6 h) using UVC/HClO contrasting to the results obtained using only HClO (two organochlorines were detected). In addition, taking into account the environmental (experimental and theoretical toxicity tests) and economical parameters investigated, the UVC/HClO method showed a higher efficiency under low operating costs. However, under complex experimental conditions, more mature technologies such as UVC/H2O2 and UVC/S2O82− are recommended. In this sense, simultaneous elimination of six OMCs (ACT, CAF, CBZ, TMP, SMX, and DCF) and three bacteria (E. coli, E. faecalis, and S. enteritidis) by UVC/H2O2 and UVC/S2O82− processes from a simulated municipal wastewater effluent were successfully investigated at pilot plant scale. UVC AOPs were compared in terms of the required treatment time to remove at least 80% of the sum of OMCs, bacterial inactivation and regrowth, and energy consumption. UVC treatment alone was not suitable mainly due to the very slow and incomplete removal of OMCs, while UVC/H2O2 and UVC/S2O82− were effective to simultaneously eliminate OMCs and bacteria; however, in comparison with the UVC/S2O82 system, the UVC/H2O2 process did not exhibit bacterial regrowth under dark conditions. According to these results and taking into account some environmental regulations, reclaimed water treated with the UVC/H2O2 process is a real alternative for water reuse purposes in many activities, for instance, in agriculture since this activity demands the highest freshwater consumption worldwide. Finally, a simple model based on the Beer–Lambert law enabled reasonable estimation of the oxidant concentration required to attain maximum oxidation rates (i.e., shortest reactions time).