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Eficácia da instilação de células da linhagem MB49 e gel polimérico termorreversível na imunização contra o carcinoma urotelial de bexiga
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-24) Santana, Jhonne Pedro Pedott; Borra, Ricardo Carneiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5655362515357840; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7058366901763632
Among the various types of malignant neoplasms, those originating in the bladder can be considered highly impactful due to their prevalence and high recurrence rates, demonstrating the importance of studies involving new therapeutic possibilities. The MB49 cell line is one of the most used for the study of bladder cancer, through its urinary bladder implantation in murine models of tumor induction. Studies have shown that heat shock proteins, such as mortalin, are vital for resistance to the treatment of neoplasms and are present in all processes associated with carcinogenesis. However, there are still not many studies focused on the use of mortalin as a therapeutic target in urothelial bladder carcinoma. Heat shock proteins are also known to play an important role as mediators of immunogenicity. Activating the immune system for therapeutic benefit has long been a goal in immunology, especially in cancer treatment. Antitumor immunotherapy is a promising treatment against several types of cancer, however the low immunogenicity of vaccines remains a limiting factor in this area. Thus, research involving the investigation of the association of these vaccines with immunogenic adjuvants, such as chitosan, is of great relevance for the study of cancer. This thesis aims to: evaluate the pattern of protein expression of mortalin in tumor bladder tissues, using a western blot assay; the investigation of its inhibition effects with MKT-077 on the viability, apoptosis and necrosis of MB49 cells, through viability tests with resazurin and fluorescence; the establishment of a new murine model for the induction of urothelial bladder carcinoma using a thermoreversible polymeric gel (TPG), composed of chitosan and poloxamer; and the identification of the induction of systemic anti-tumor immune response, through a splenocyte cytotoxicity assay, after intravesical inoculation of TPG and MB49 cells. Female mice of the C57BL/6 strain were obtained and used in intravesical tumor cell inoculation procedures. It was observed that mortalin is overexpressed in tumor bladder samples. After the inhibition of mortalin, there was an irreversible reduction in the viability of MB49 cells, promoting an increase in the rates of apoptosis and necrosis in these cells. Antitumor immunotherapy using MB49 cells embedded in a TPG matrix was able to stimulate systemic immune response and affect the development of bladder urothelial carcinoma in an orthotopic and syngeneic murine model.
Atenção em HIV/AIDS na Atenção Básica: um estudo da rede de Rio Claro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-24) Peixoto, Cacilda; Fioroni, Luciana Nogueira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8086810053892035; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2311-7848; Bellenzani, Renata; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5545222663436009; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7211-6518; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6603551448078968; https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6406-1931
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) corresponds to the clinical manifestation of infection by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Despite advances in the fight against the HIV / AIDS epidemic, it remains a public health problem, with significant data on morbidity and mortality and obstacles that need to be overcome. In view of the global scenario that points to high levels of HIV contamination and the need to offer actions aimed at reducing the spread of the disease, starting in 2003, the process of decentralizing HIV testing and counseling in primary care has intensified, allowing greater coverage and accessibility, and so far this action has been centralized in specialized care services. In this context, the study aimed to evaluate HIV / AIDS care in primary care, under the evaluative opinion of professional nurses. This is a research with a quantitative approach. The participants were 22 nurses who work in the Basic Health Units and Family Health Strategy in the city of Rio Claro / SP. Data were collected through a questionnaire from October 2019 to January 2020 and analyzed by calculating the Average Ranking (RM), Cronbach's alpha coefficient and descriptive statistics through the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) programs and STATA (Statistical Software). The results showed a weakness in the performance of the units in relation to the domains: Health Education, Permanent Education in Health and Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections. It was observed that the units perform a very satisfactory work in relation to actions such as: the provision of rapid testing, provision of protective supplies (condoms), prevention of vertical HIV transmission and early diagnosis, thus valuing the ability of AB in actions that can weaken the spread of the virus infection. It is signaled that the best performances were expressed in those more standardized actions, with a tendency to standardization and of a more technical character, when compared to actions of a more procedural, communicational nature and that require singularization of approaches focusing on specificities and needs. Thus, it is necessary to advance in comprehensive care and, in particular, in prevention that integrates the technical protocol domains with the psychosocial and educational domains in health, with regard, above all, to the approach to the experiences of sexuality, diverse and plural, to the mitigation of stigma of AIDS and social and health inequities. We emphasize, therefore, that the implementation of new structural, technological and procedural arrangements, as well as the interactions between managers, health professionals and users, should focus on overcoming difficulties and implementing humanized and resolutive practices in the control of the HIV epidemic / AIDS at this level of care.
On the advances in pattern recognition using Optimum-Path Forest
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-24) Sugi Afonso, Luis Claudio; Papa, João Paulo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9039182932747194; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0686979081263816
Pattern recognition (PR) techniques have been paramount to solve different and complex problems in many fields of study. The basic idea behind PR techniques is to compute a model capable of classifying unknown samples. Pattern recognition can be categorized as problems of (i) supervised, and (ii) unsupervised learning. This categorization is related to the existence or absence of labeled data to support the learning process. The learning process is mandatory for PR techniques to learn the data distribution, and the existence of labeled data is an additional information that helps to build more robust models. Many techniques were proposed and are well-established in the literature. The Optimum-Path Forest (OPF) is a graph-based classifier proposed recently, which comprises the models for supervised, semi-supervised and unsupervised learning. The OPF models dataset samples as nodes of a graph and their connections (edges) are defined by some pre-defined adjacency relation. Although very recent, OPF has already been employed in numerous applications and showed promising results, and even outperformed other well-known classifiers. Nonetheless, there is still a lot to be investigated, evaluated and proposed concerning the use and performance of the OPF classifier. This dissertation investigates e proposes variations and modifications to the traditional OPF algorithms concerning supervised and unsupervised learning aiming the assessment of its performance in not yet explored scenarios and to overcome its drawbacks.
O narrador e as personagens femininas em Badu (1932), de Arnaldo Tabayá
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-24) Bosco, Bianca; Marques, Wilton José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5763590592946918; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8161532130383273
The following dissertation wants to rescue the literary work called Badu (1932), written by the Brazilian author Arnaldo Tabayá (1901-1937). Being this one the only novel released by the writer, it received a lot of recognition from the critics by the time of its release, although many positive critics were not enough to stop that both the author and the book were forgotten in the following years. It is made, roughly, a general panorama from the tales and poems that Tabayá writes in newspapers, before and after the novel’s publication, so the reader can be familiar with his literary production. Also, it is important to consider the criticism and review the book received by that time. The truth is that, until today, not many deep analyses were made from Badu (1932), especially considering the historical and literary context in which Brazil found itself. Knowing that, it is necessary to revisit and relate the social aspects and the characteristics from the 1930’s Brazilian Novel, when many important books were launched. This literary movement is known for prioritize, by literature, the representation from the reality of the country, not hiding its imperfections and exploring aspects that were not problematized by then. Badu (1932) is important that way, because, by being part of this movement, it draws attention to problems from Rio de Janeiro’s society, where the novel happens. The image middle class men had from women is one of the main points explored in Tabayá’s narrative, in which the narrator represents the masculine view over the feminine universe. Using Luís Bueno’s (2015) terms, the reducing roles imposed to women were the prostitute and the wife, no half term – and restlessness caused by the nonconformity it was not exclusivity from Badu (1932), but from many 1930’s novels. The study object still has many female characters that show a lot more depth and meaning that the narrator can show and see, and not only the ones he relates romantically, but also his relates and acquaintances. Even with the big gap between the book’s release and current days, many of the criticism made by the author are very relevant nowadays and can be used to comprehend 1930’s society a little bit more, fact that shows its importance and then it fits as a member from the 1930’s Brazilian novel.
Modelo de avaliação do nível de maturidade das tecnologias da indústria 4.0 aplicado ao setor sucroenergético
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-24) Marinho, Clésio Aparecido; Oprime, Pedro Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9291517431456908; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5085639529900865
The intensification of digital technologies in the industrial environment may require new management practices in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, also known as Industry 4.0. It is believed that such technologies are capable of increasing the competitiveness of companies, as well as facilitating human/machine interaction and integration between customers and suppliers in the production chain. This dissertation aims to evaluate how the industrial processes of the energy sector are implementing the technologies and concepts of Industry 4.0, considering the technological, managerial and strategic bottlenecks. For this, a literature review was conducted, from which it was possible to identify seven models of maturity for Industry 4.0. The in-depth analysis of these publications resulted in the construction of a maturity model directed to the sugar-energy sector. The proposed model contains five dimensions: Strategy, Data Management, Work Teams, Vertical Integration and Horizontal Integration. The operationalization of this maturity model is based on the structure of the National Quality Award. To empirically test this model, a case study was conducted in two companies in the sugar-energy sector. This study captured the interviewees' perception of the implementation of the concepts and technologies of Industry 4.0 in industrial processes. The results revealed that the companies participating in the research are already applying the concepts of industry 4.0 in the management of their industrial processes, so that the evaluated companies obtained 731 and 788 points out of 1000 possible, and that the proposed maturity model can help the development of digital transformation strategies in organizations in the sugar-energy sector.
Trabalho, subjetividade e identidade dos Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia: análise de um caso sui generis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-24) Loureiro, Thiago; Silva, Eduardo Pinto e; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3492708361349827; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4158791619972447
The present study sought to understand the organizational identity of IFSP São Carlos, as well as the work and subjectivity of its professors. To this end, it preliminarily resorted to the history of the RFEPT in the different historical moments of the country, and then focused on the most recent model – the IF, conceived and implemented since 2008, during Lula government. This is a case study with qualitative guidance based on Psychodynamics at Work, Psychosociology and Social Psychology. To address the professor’s work and subjectivity, the study included the application of a survey to a total of thirty-three respondent professors, followed by ten semi-structured interviews with members of the faculty from all branches of IFSP São Carlos. In addition, two administrative employees were also interviewed. The twelve interviews were analyzed through content analysis. When analyzing IFSP São Carlos, it was found that the institution’s constitution, since its implantation, as CEFET, it was related to political aspects which involved federal, municipal and UFSCar management. In this sense, the intrinsic relationship with UFSCar, makes IFSP São Carlos a unique case of the Network. In the institution, two moments of changes in its development and its organizational identity were identified, both permeated by disputes and interest and, specifically, by power relations between the technological branches, as well as their political correlations. This took place when the company moved to its own headquarters in 2016 and with the effectuation of High School activities integrated in 2017, which had not yet been implemented. It was noted idiosyncrasies and ambivalences related both to the multiform demands of work, as well as to the management tools that guide the teaching workload. Although it was not the motto of the study, voices from administrative servants were accessed, a fact that led to the understanding of an intensified work widespread in the institution, some with serious consequences for their subjectivism, as well as for psychic and psychosomatic health. The current political and governmental moment in the country, antagonistic to the education project that generated the FIs, also contributed to such developments. Although the pleasurable experiences of the faculty and institutional careers are evident, they do not immunize these professional from psychic burden derived from a complex and permeated by contradictions daily life. However, the current moment of IFSP São Carlos, in its new facilities and with the cultural change resulting from the consolidation of Integrated High School, has brought IFSP São Carlos closer to the beacons recommended by the RFEPT and a possible identity better suited to its legal conception – politics, although subject to forges and disputes. It is concluded that the transitions and metamorphoses of the IFSP São Carlos organizational identity occurred interspersed with disputes, idiosyncrasies and ambivalences. Such identity– organizational changes reverberate in the socially assigned and subjectively appropriate identities of professors. These also metamorphose, in some cases, in a sublimatory way, in others, giving rise to suffering, conflicts, stress, stress and/or illnesses. In other words, the hybridity and metamorphoses of IFSP São Carlos have repercussions and generate different implications for the idiosyncrasies and contradictions of teaching subjectivities.
Estudo sistemático da condutividade iônica de vitrocerâmicas NASICON: influência de tratamentos isotérmicos e novas substituições iônicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-24) Ortiz Mosquera, Jairo Felipe; Rodrigues, Ana Candida Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4499231813051400; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6700527765785171
The synthesis of solid electrolytes and the optimization of their ionic conductivity are topics of scientific interest since these components are essential for the current density and the half-life of the sodium batteries. The NASICON (Na super-ionic conductor) materials belong to the most promising candidates to solid electrolytes because their 3D structural framework favors the migration of ions. The glass-ceramic route allows the synthesis of NASICON compounds with the advantages of reducing porosity and controlling the microstructure, which are relevant factors in the optimization of ionic conductivity. Thus, in this doctoral thesis NASICON glass-ceramics of the Na1+xAlxGe2-x(PO4)3 (NAGP), Na1+xGe2(SiO4)x(PO4)3-x (NGSP) and Na3.4AlxSc2-xSi0.4P2.6O12 (NAScSP) series have been synthetized. Isothermal heat-treatments of crystallization were performed on NAGP precursor glasses to analyze their effect on structural and electrical properties of the crystallized samples. It was noted that the extensive dealumination of the NASICON phase with the increase of the treatment time does not affect the electrical properties of the material due to the formation of a conductive Na7(AlP2O7)4PO4 phase and a greater contact area between the grains of the glass-ceramics. In the NGSP NASICON series, it was evaluated the effect of Si4+/P5+ substitution on structural and electrical properties of the glass-ceramics. It was confirmed the increment in the ionic conductivity due to the expansion of the unit cell of the NASICON structure and the increase of Na+ ions. In the NAScSP series, it was proven that the addition of Al2O3 favors the glass-forming ability and affects the ionic transport in the material due to a decrease in the bottleneck of NASICON structure.