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Avaliação das atividades antimicrobiana, leishmanicida e citotóxica dos fungos endofíticos Diaporthe sp. E Pseudofusicoccum sp. obtidos de mangue e cerrado brasileiros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-25)
Moreira, Carla Cristina
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Anibal, Fernanda de Freitas
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4918261968772806
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Lacava, Paulo Teixeira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8947678349043750
The mangrove is a transition ecosystem between the terrestrial and the marine environment, typical of tropical and subtropical regions. The Brazilian savannah is an ecosystem that is mainly characterized by the savanna biome, which are transition zones between meadows and forests and are native to tropical regions of the dry season. In these two systems, several microorganisms have already been isolated, including endophytic fungi, capable of producing substances with antimicrobial and leishmanicidal activities, among others. Based on this information, this study aimed to evaluate the biotechnological potential of crude extracts (EB) obtained from endophytic fungi Diaporthe sp. and Pseudofusicoccum sp., isolated from Brazilian mangroves and savannah, respectively. In vitro antimicrobial tests with human pathogens, leishmanicidal tests and cytotoxic tests were performed. In antimicrobial assays, the minimum inhibitory concentration of 50% (MIC50) between 756 µg.mL-1 and 949 µg.mL-1 and the minimum inhibitory concentration of 90% (MIC90) between 3.940 and 3.980 µg.mL-1 were found for the EB of the mangrove isolate. For EB isolated from the savannah, CIM50 between 4.228 µg.mL-1 and 29.630 µg.mL-1 and CIM90 between 9.24 µg.mL-1 and 38.250 µg.mL-1 were found. The Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (CBM) was found for the microorganism Bacillus subtillis, at a concentration of 10.000 µg.mL-1. In leishmanicidal assays, the results show cell death of 90% at concentrations of 6.000 and 10.000 µg.mL-1 and 80% at a concentration of 4,000 µg.mL-1 for the EB of the mangrove isolate. In the EB of the savannah isolate, the leishmanicidal assays showed cell viability above 90% at concentrations of 20.000 and 40.000 µg.mL-1. For cytotoxicity tests on the EB of the mangrove isolate, cell viability between 55 and 73% was presented. For the savannah isolate, cell viability between 5.41 to 16.84% was presented. These results reinforce the biotechnological potential of microorganisms isolated from mangroves and savannah, represented by the isolates tested in this work.
Seleção de marcadores SNP: uma aplicação com diferentes metodologias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-25)
Ióca, Mariana Pavan
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Zuanetti, Daiane Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8352484284929824
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5926207322230038
The quantity and complexity of generated data due to advances in genetic sequencing technologies has made statistical analysis an essential tool for their correct study and interpretation. However, there is still no agreement about which methodologies are more appropriate for those data, especially for the selection of genetic features that influence a specific phenotype. Genetic data are usually characterized by having a number of variables which is much greater than the number of observations. These variables exhibit little variability and high correlation. These characteristics hinder the application of traditional methodologies for variable selection. In this work (i.) we present different methodologies for selecting variables - Random Forest, LASSO and the traditional Stepwise method; (ii.) we apply them to genetic data to select SNP markers that characterize the presence or absence of a disease and (iii.) we compare their performances. Random Forest and Lasso show similar prediction performance, however none of them correctly select the influential SNPs.
1000 Fandangos. Amanhecer
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-25)
Bertolo, Gabriel
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Toledo, Luiz Henrique de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5366260223109463
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0851321994962607
This thesis search, through an intensive ethnographic description, to inquire about the caiçaras movements around their most celebrated aesthetical-political expression, the fandango caiçara – acknowledged as a Brazilian Intangible Heritage by the Institute of National Historical and Artistic Heritage (IPHAN). Through its development/performance, the investigation shifts its points of departure and becomes an ethnography of culture as comprehended by fandangueiros. Rather than “explain” the fandango by caiçara culture, the thesis becomes a set of episodes that aim to speculate about culture through their fandangos. In this sense, it becomes of greater importance the thesis elaborated by fandangueiros caiçaras of the Brazilian south and south-eastern coast, especially of Cananéia-SP, about what is culture, how it unfolds, transform and maintain in space/time. Thus, through its artisan craft and its poetic, choreographic, musical, and musicological expressions, it is sought to understand the place and the time that the fandangos inhabit and make inhabit: the Caiçara Territory.
O protagonismo de imigrantes bolivianos em São Paulo: condicionantes e possibilidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-25)
Farias, Júnior César Oliveira
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Truzzi, Oswaldo Mário Serra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5005536921435787
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6111125603855394
This work aims to describe and analyze contemporary collective actions of Bolivian immigrants in the search for social, cultural, political, and economic rights, in the city of São Paulo. In the 2000s, mainly in the 2010s, the capital of São Paulo experienced the emergence of immigrant collectives that, together with former organizations, began to seek immigrants’ protagonism in the face of their struggles and demands. With this scenario in mind, we intend to answer the following question: to what extent are the struggles for rights fought by Bolivians representative of a new emancipatory paradigm for immigrants? To achieve this objective, the investigation made use of an ethnographic approach, with interviews with activists who lead immigrant mobilizations in São Paulo, observations at events and public manifestations by Bolivian immigrants, observation on social networking of collectives of Bolivian immigrants, beyond bibliographic reading. It tries to analyze the relationship of these actions (and theirs agents) with the State and public policies, through the concept of “political opportunities and constraints” (Tilly, 2008; Tarrow, 2009). In this regard, we expect that the results can serve as a parameter and a contribution for those who hope to reflect about other situations of collective actions undertaken by immigrants, whether they are Bolivians or not.
Subsídios para o planejamento de redes de greenways: estudo de caso de Ribeirão Preto, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-25)
Zeoti, Gustavo Nogueira
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Ribeiro, Felipe Martello
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7573847493388303
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Peres, Renata Bovo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6045407453925020
Greenways are green, linear open spaces which serve multiple purposes, primarily ecological and cultural. Ecological corridors, linear parks, tree-lined paths in old railway rights-of-way, among others, can be classified as greenways. In a system of open spaces, they can have the function of connecting components (nodes) of the landscape, such as fragments of natural vegetation, waterbodies, parks, historical sites etc. Greenway networks can be formed when the focus of the planning is on the connections of the landscape components themselves. In the city of Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil, a landscape planning instrument called “Protective Measures for Fragments and Urban Parks” has been implemented since 2012. The instrument is applied to fragments of native natural vegetation in territories that are under urbanization process. Its purpose is environmental protection, based on the hierarchy of fragments according to their priority for environmental conservation. Depending on the relevance defined for each fragment, protection measures are applied, such as ecological and leisure corridors, enabling the formation of a greenway network. However, one of the gaps identified concerns the incorporation of the cultural function in urban planning. The objective of this research is to propose guidelines for the planning of greenway networks to increase the ecological and cultural connectivity of the landscape, with the case study of Ribeirão Preto. Specifically, the objective is to analyze the municipal instrument emphasizing its legal and administrative context, the hierarchy of fragments and the characteristics of environmental protection measures; identify its gaps and potentials for improvement; to propose guidelines for the development of a classification and inclusion of the municipal railway heritage in landscape planning; and to propose guidelines for the planning of networks with emphasis on cultural aspects of the landscape. Multiple methods, such as bibliographic research, document research and analysis, field research, systematization of data in a GIS environment, and classifications of the Ribeirão Preto railway heritage were employed with a qualitative approach. As a result, the following guidelines were proposed for the improvement of the landscape planning instrument: simplification of the instrument; improvement of the active mobility and recreational cultural connectivity in greenway networks, in territories undergoing urbanization processes; inclusion of the cultural heritage function in the greenway planning, specifically for railway heritage along railway rights-of-way. Guidelines were proposed for the classification and inclusion of railway cultural heritage in landscape planning and the formation of greenway networks, in representative scenarios, in three different territorial sections in the municipality. The importance and possibilities of connectivity and integration of ecological and cultural factors in landscape planning are expanded through a connected network of greenways.
Non-invasive ventilation improves exercise tolerance and peripheral vascular function after high-intensity exercise in COPD-HF patients
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-25)
Goulart, Cássia da Luz
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Caruso, Flávia Rossi
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Araújo, Adriana Sanches Garcia de
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Arêas, Guilherme Peixoto Tinoco
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Moura, Silvia Cristina Garcia de
Comparação de diferentes intensidades de treinamento muscular inspiratório sobre o controle autonômico cardiovascular de ciclistas: estudo clínico controlado e randomizado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-25)
Abreu, Raphael Martins de
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Catai, Aparecida Maria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5801652590531684
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9131684794713173
Recently, inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has been widely used by professionals and amateurs’ athletes as a complementary exercise training method, with the aim of improving sports performance. However, there is still no consensus on the IMT prescription protocols in the literature, as well as the effects on cardiovascular autonomic control. It is known that the modulation of breathing has a strong influence on the cardiovascular system and that IMT can be an ally to improve cardiovascular homeostasis with possible effects on physical performance. Study 1 – Aims: To carry out a systematic review to determine if IMT promotes changes in cardiovascular autonomic responses in humans. Methods: The methodology followed the PRISMA statement for reporting systematic review analysis. MEDLINE, PEDro, SCOPUS and PubMed electronic databases were searched from the inception to March 2017. The quality assessment was performed using a PEDro scale. The articles were included if: (1) primary objective was related to the effects of IMT on the cardiovascular autonomic nervous system, and (2) randomized clinical trials and quasi-experimental studies. Exclusion criteria were reviews, short communications, letters, case studies, guidelines, theses, dissertations, qualitative studies, scientific conference abstracts, studies on animals, non-English language articles and articles addressing other breathing techniques. Outcomes evaluated were measures of cardiovascular autonomic control, represented by heart rate variability (HRV) and blood pressure variability (BPV) indexes. Results: The search identified 729 citations and a total of 6 studies were included. The results demonstrated that IMT performed at low intensities can chronically promote an increase in the parasympathetic modulation and/or reduction of sympathetic cardiac modulation in patients with diabetes, hypertension, chronic heart failure and gastroesophageal reflux, when assessed by HRV spectral analysis. However, there was no study which evaluated the effects of IMT on cardiovascular autonomic control assessed by BPV. Conclusion: IMT can promote benefits for cardiac autonomic control, however the heterogeneity of populations associated with different protocols, few studies reported in the literature and the lack of randomized controlled trials make the effects of IMT on cardiovascular autonomic control inconclusive. Study 2 – Aims: To evaluate the chronic effects of different IMT intensities on cardiovascular control in amateur cyclists. Methods: A longitudinal, randomized, controlled blind study was performed on 30 recreational male cyclists undergoing IMT for 11 wk. Participants were randomly allocated into sham-trained group (SHAM, n = 9), trained group at 60% of the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP60, n = 10), and trained group at critical inspiratory pressure (CIP, n = 11). Electrocardiogram (ECG), finger arterial pressure, and respiratory movements were recorded before (PRE) and after (POST) training at rest in supine position (REST) and during active standing (STAND). From the beat-to-beat series of heart period (HP) and systolic arterial pressure (SAP), we computed time domain markers, frequency domain indexes in the low frequency (LF, 0.04–0.15 Hz) and high frequency (HF, 0.15– 0.4 Hz) bands, an entropy-based complexity index (CI), and baroreflex markers estimated from spontaneous HP-SAP sequences. Results: Compared with SHAM, the positive effect of MIP60 over the HP series led to the HF power increase during REST (PRE: 521.2 ± 447.5 ms2; POST: 1,161 ± 878.9 ms²) and the CI rise during STAND (PRE: 0.82 ± 0.18; POST: 0.97 ± 0.13). Conversely, the negative effect of CIP took the form of the decreased HP mean during STAND (PRE: 791 ± 71 ms; POST: 737 ± 95 ms). No effect of IMT was visible over SAP and baroreflex markers. Conclusion: These findings suggest that moderate-intensity IMT might be beneficial when the goal is to limit cardiac sympathetic hyperactivity at REST and/or in response to STAND. Study 3 – Aims: To evaluate the effect of IMT on cardiorespiratory coupling in amateur cyclists. Methods: Thirty male young healthy cyclists underwent a sham IMT-SHAM (n = 9), an IMT-MIP60 (n = 10) and IMT-CIP (n = 11). The ECG, non-invasive arterial pressure, and thoracic respiratory movement (RM) were PRE and POST at REST and during STAND. The beat-to-beat series of HP and SAP were analyzed with the RM signal via a traditional non-causal approach, such as squared coherence function, and via a causal model-based transfer entropy (TE) approach. Cardiorespiratory coupling was quantified via the HP-RM squared coherence at the respiratory rate (K2HP-RM), the unconditioned TE from RM to HP (TERM→HP) and the TE from RM to HP conditioned on SAP (TERM→HP|SAP). Results: In PRE condition we found that STAND led to a decrease of TERM→HP|SAP. After SHAM and CIP training this tendency was confirmed, while MIP60 inverted it by empowering cardiorespiratory coupling. This behavior was observed in presence of unvaried SAP mean and with usual responses of the baroreflex control and HP mean to STAND. TERM→HP and K2HP-RM were not able to detect the post-training increase of cardiorespiratory coupling strength during STAND, thus suggesting that conditioning out SAP is important for the assessment of cardiorespiratory interactions. Conclusion: Since the usual response of HP mean, SAP mean and baroreflex sensitivity to postural stressor were observed after MIP60 training, we conclude that the post-training increase of cardiorespiratory coupling during STAND in MIP60 group might be the genuine effect of some rearrangements at the level of central respiratory network and its interactions with sympathetic drive and vagal activity. General conclusions: According to this thesis, we conclude that the IMT, when performed at moderate intensity, is able to promote an increase in cardiac parasympathetic modulation at rest, as well as promoting a greater cardiorespiratory coupling to cope with the postural challenge, requiring lower cardiovascular autonomic to deal with orthostatic stress. This response may be beneficial for athletes, considering the constant exposure to physiological stresses to guarantee cardiovascular demand during sport.
Jogos digitais e cognição social de crianças: um estudo experimental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-25)
Scienza, Livia
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Souza, Débora de Hollanda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3640676759708745
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4758320842072873
In the last decade, the number of new digital games of various genres has grown a lot, eminently after the creation of game management platforms and after the dissemination of eSports. Digital games, beyond their entertainment purpose, are already used in schools, hospitals, and psychotherapeutic environments as rehabilitation tools and to promote cognitive and behavioral skills. Studies evaluating the impact of this form of media on users have conducted since the popularization of the first games in the 70s. However, the evidence that games can mediate interpersonal relationships, as well as promote or inhibit prosocial and empathic behaviors is still recent. The focus of previous studies was the possible associations with increased aggressive behavior and desensitization to violence. And although most consumers of digital games are young people and adults, the “digital natives” born in this century have immediate access to interactive media. For this reason, many researchers have recently investigated the way in which children and adolescents are affected by these media. In particular, more studies investigating the impact of games on sociocognitive and social skills should be conducted. Following this direction, the present work aimed to investigate a possible relationship between exposure to three categories of digital games (Neutral, Prosocial and Competitive) and prosocial behavior. A second goal was to test possible moderating effects of empathy and theory of mind skills on this relation. Fifty-seven children (9 to 12 years old) participated and were randomly distributed into three groups: G1 = neutral game; G2 = competitive game, G3 = prosocial game. Each group played a different type of video game. Prior to playing the games, all participants were assessed by a social cognition task (Faux Pas Task) and an empathy scale (Bryant's Empathy Scale for Children and Adolescents). Following that and on another day, each participant was invited to play, for 20 minutes, the digital game representative of their category group. Finally, right after playing the game, children were invited to participate in an adapted version of the Dictator's Game that involves the sharing of resources. Games of all categories had a pre-selection stage and were evaluated by 18 judges that were either Psychology undergraduate/ graduate students or university students from a game development outreach group. One game for each category was selected. Analyses did not reveal a significant gender or age effect on empathy scores, theory of mind scores and number of donated stickers. However, a significant age effect (i.e., school year) was found for the number of stickers shared, with older children sharing more stickers than younger ones. Nonetheless, there was a trend toward a significant moderating effect of empathy and theory of mind scores on the relationship between game category and number of stickers shared by the participants. More specifically, playing a prossocial, neutral or competitive videogame for 20 minutes does not necessarily impact the predisposition of children to engage on prossocial behavior. It is possible, nevertheless, that more empathic children with a more developed theory of mind may have an increased predisposition to share stickers compared to other children. Future studies should explore further whether these variables (empathy and theory of mind) or other variables can, in fact, explain part of the variation in prosocial behavior after exposure to different types of digital games. However, the present work contributes to the advancement of this line of research in Brazil as it is the first study to investigate possible effects of three different types of digital game on prosocial behavior in school-age children. The results suggest a promising direction of investigation that should be better explored by researchers in Brazil.
Análise sensorial da couve de folha crespa (kale) cultivadas em sistema convencional e hidropônico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-28)
Silva, Lorena Caroline da
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Verruma-Bernardi, Marta Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3470912236544684
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9603716889997891
The objective of this work was to evaluate sensory characteristics of kale cultivated with organic fertilizers, control without fertilization and in a hydroponic system. The sensorial analysis of the plant at 60, 90 and 120 days was analyzed. The treatments were as follows: A = Kale without fertilization; C and E = with organic fertilizers and F = grown in a hydroponic system. It was found that for the sensory ordering tests, it was found that there was no significant difference between the treatments for the attributes aroma, sweet and bitter taste and crispness. There was a significant difference between the treatments for the color, and the color of the hydroponic kale showed the lighter green color. It was found that during the three tests, the evaluators maintained the same scores. As for the preference between kales, the panelists did not notice any difference, even at harvest 1, when the panelist indicated difference between the kale for the color attribute, where the kale in hydroponic system showed a lighter green color. The results of acceptance tests for kale for color, flavor, texture and overall impression showed no difference between treatments.
O discurso midiático brasileiro sobre propostas de regulação da própria mídia de 2010 a 2016
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-28)
Santos, Wilson Ricardo Barbosa dos
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Sargentini, Vanice Maria Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1406919572611392
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0028226372069896
This thesis discusses, describes, and analyzes the manifestation of meaning regarding media regulation, the regulation discourse’s conditions of emergence, and the discursive formations in conflict when addressed by these medias’ written texts, from January 2010 to December 2016. Our base is the French discourse analysis from Michel Foucault (2006; 2009; 2010) and Michel Pêcheux (2008; 2009b). In general, the media texts which addressed the possibility of their own regulation created “commentaries” (FOUCAULT, 2006) about the subject and the politicians who discussed the possibility (or not) of talking about it, multiplying the meaning of statements such as controle social da mídia, regulação da mídia, democratização da mídia and regulação econômica da mídia. These discourses addressed what is conceived as freedom of speech; moreover, they were related to intense changes in terms of politics, society and, mainly, technology. Considering two presidential elections (2010 and 2014), as well as transformations in the political scene with the irruption of Brazilian president Dilma Rousseff’s impeachment (2016) and Jair Bolsonaro’s election (2018), the theoretical-methodological basis and the analysis of media’s texts allowed us to describe discursive regularities and, therefore, outline elements of a short-term history about the right to speak freely in Brazil in the 21st century. We observed this occurred in different processes of attribution of the right to speak, related to the following events: i) the maintenance of the rights of speech, historically attributed to oligarchies, in which the possibility of emergence of the media regulation discussion in the electoral presidential political discourse was often related to the conservative media’s interpretation; ii) resistance movements to this hegemony in the progressive media, generating dissidence about what could have been the media regulation; iii) the silencing of this discussion with Michel Temer’s arrival (2016) at the presidency, as well as transformations in the production of meaning, especially about the limits of freedom of speech with Jair Bolsonaro’s (2018) election. To this end, we analyzed surfaces of emergence of Brazilian’s media written discourse, with the following distinct characteristics: i) media known as conservative, with broad distribution: the newspapers Folha de São Paulo and O Globo, as well as Veja magazine; ii) media considered as progressive: the newspaper Carta Capital, and the electronic portal Carta Maior. The objective was therefore to demonstrate the conditions of emergence of Brazilian media’s discourse about its own regulation, through the verification of the discursive-enunciative modalities in conflict in the written media, from January 2010 to December 2016. Specific objectives were also developed, which addressed the nature (defended positions, textual genres, types of media) of these circulations, and the degree of use of certain linguistic-discursive resources. The analysis related the effects of meaning generated to the mechanisms that were utilized, the regularities presented considering the textual genres (news, opinion articles, and editorials) and their means of circulation (journals, magazines, digital portals etc.).
ADAM10 como biomarcadora de Transtorno Neurocognitivo Leve
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-28)
Vatanabe, Izabela Pereira
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Manzine, Patricia Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6348503930553992
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Cominetti, Márcia Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3725318894555272
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI), in the absence of dementia, and associated with physical frailty gave rise to the new concept called cognitive frailty. This new concept has also been considered as a subtype of frailty. Moreover, along with the aging process and its interaction with physical frailty, it accelerates the cycle of functional decline and results in poor quality of life and other negative outcomes in older adults. Previous studies have suggested that MCI may represent a condition that predates Alzheimer's disease (AD), based on the high conversion rate for it. With that in mind, the principal aim of this study was to evaluate whether the platelet and plasma levels of ADAM10 could act as biomarkers of the concomitant conditions of MCI and physical frailty, in order to support the new construct of cognitive frailty. The study was carried out with a population aged over 60 years old who were in the coverage of a family health center in the city of São Carlos-SP, Brazil. The subjects were properly assessed for cognition and physical frailty. Subsequently, biological samples were collected, analyzed and stored in a biorepository. The levels of platelet and plasma ADAM10 were analyzed using the Western blot technique in subjects with MCI, compared to subjects without the presence of cognitive impairments, both with and without the presence of frailty. The results indicate that ADAM10 levels are reduced in platelets and increased in plasma of older adults with MCI when compared to healthy controls, regardless of the condition of physical frailty. Based on the results obtained, this study raised the hypothesis that the plasma and soluble form of ADAM10 would be inactive, whereas the platelet form, anchored to the cell plasma membrane, would be active. Thus, we also aimed to assess whether the enzymatic activity of ADAM10 is dependent on its anchoring to the plasma membrane through the evaluation of the enzymatic activity of ADAM10 after the isolation of different fractions of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Due to the worldwide pandemic scenario, the enzyme activity assay in cell fractions could not be completed, however a previous study carried out by this research group proved that ADAM10 found in plasma is enzymatically inactive, whereas the platelet form of the protein, was shown to be active, confirming our hypothesis that the reduced levels of active ADAM10 (60 kDa) are related to the condition of MCI, as well as the increased levels of inactive ADAM10 (50 kDa). Taken together, the results demonstrate that ADAM10 cannot be considered as a biomarker in conditions of cognitive frailty, but can act effectively as a low-cost, easy-access and low-invasive biomarker molecule for MCI. These results contribute to a better understanding of the biology of the molecule, as well as for the implantation of tools that promote the diagnosis of MCI. Furthermore, the evidence may guide the health teams to a more adequate planning, with the purpose of improving the quality of life of the older adults affected by this condition, and to direct therapeutic strategies and the prevention of injuries.
A decolonialidade na mediação da informação: uma análise dos trabalhos apresentados no GT3 ENANCIB
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-28)
Andrikonis, Juliana Buzinaro
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Gracioso, Luciana de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4898201916360294
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2121898429151597
Librariansihp and Information Science recognizes the need for a controlled vocabulary for identifying and treating information; however, as is expected from a democratic informational society, the need for subject areas expansion and adaptation of those areas in relation to new technological, social and cultural issues, is inevitable. In this sense, this undergraduate theses proposes to discuss, through an exploratory bibliographic research, and analyzed from a quali-quantitative perspective, what are the publication tendencies on ENANCIB, based on the theme of “decoloniality”. The analisys will be divided into two stages: first, we will survey the occurrences of themes that represent the decolonial theme in works published in all GTs, within the time frame of the last 5 years of the event (2016-2021); secondly, we will carry out a semantic analysis focusing on the GT3, aiming to make a comparison between both analysis. From this angle, we find that the decolonial theme is debated in a fragmented way in respect to possible subjects of subcategories, coupled to social guidelines, specially in subjects relating to resistence, gender and race, which is the most occuring theme in the GTs that focus on human sciences approaches. After the data analysis, we found that there’s an urgency in propagating the term “decoloniality” in Librarianship and Information Science, having in mind the cultural and social effects and scientific delay which colonialist acctions perpetuate, not only for information users, but also for all professionals, researchers and natives of a non colonial euro-american living standard. In this sense, we seek to point out the relationship between the usage of decolonial terms for visibility of subaltern bodies and themes that are affected by it, such as LGBTQIA+ people, women, black and indigenous people, among others, in GT3 publications. With that, we identified that the decolonial character, even though not always explicitly, marks the Information Mediation studies in its capability to rethink a plural, more inclusive Librarianship and Information Science, which reverberates both in sociocultural and academic spaces, from validation of different knowledge.
Contribuições da cromatografia circular de Pfeiffer para a análise da saúde do solo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-28)
Barros, Carlos Eduardo
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Franco, Fernando Silveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3218633711361955
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3965962521923840
Soil depletion is a process resulted from the management adopted by agriculture activity which consequently causes an ecological and social crisis. In the midst of such a context, agroecology as a movement, science and practice, values the diversification of food production while respecting the edaphoclimatic conditions of ecosystems. To apply this agriculture proposal, it is essential methods that assess the impacts on soils resulted from practices adopted in agro-ecosystems. Pfeiffer chromatography is a diagnostic tool, which is a method considerably simple and low-cost. This article aimed to understand the state of soil health in four different land-uses in a certified biodynamic site: an agroforestry system, a banana plantation with green manure, a fallow area and a forest fragment in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. For this, the Pfeiffer chromatography method was used and soil physical-chemical attributes were examined. The qualitative and quantitative outcomes obtained are enough to affirm that the soils of the fragment area and the agroforestry system are healthier than those of the banana area with green manure and fallow. Chromatography was a sensitive and efficient method to analyze the health of tropical soils, with the potential to be used by rural families.
(De)formados pela pele: a escola-periférica e a escola-excepcional fragmentada como (re)produtoras de desigualdades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-28)
Basílio, Ana Carolina Paula
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Martines, Marcos Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5317839291904450
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Carril, Lourdes de Fátima Bezerra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0328730975862213
The present work problematizes the “public school crisis” narrative in the light of notions of peripheral school, exceptional school and fractal school. Based in participatory action research, it was followed the routine of two state schools, located in the periphery and the central region of the city of Sorocaba, state of São Paulo. Along the research and the daily sharing with the students, it was identified that their bodily marks: race/ color, social class, gender, geographic location, family relationships etc., are fundamental to the analysis of school performances, and that in the process of social production of urban space, markedly fragmented and racialized, state schools “shatter” themselves, keeping within them not only classist but racial differences. The discussion about the fragmentation of the state schools, in a racial perspective, opened wide that the “crisis of the public school” has, historically, a color and an address, affecting mostly the peripheral school – black and in the periphery.
Propriedades magnéticas em filmes finos de MoS2 produzidos pelo método de esfoliação em solvente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-28)
Fonseca, Raphael Garcia Moraes da
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Oliveira, Adilson Jesus Aparecido de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4640148190073166
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4518058573396923
In this work, thin films of molybdenum disulfide 2D (MoS2) were prepared at different temperatures (15, 25, 30 and 45 ° C) using the solvent exfoliation method. This process produces changes in the morphology and structure of the crystal lattice, and as a consequence, changes the magnetic properties of these films, in particular the magnetic anisotropy. The samples were characterized morphologically and structurally using techniques of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and High Resolution (HTEM), Raman Spectroscopy and X-ray Excited Electron Spectroscopy (XPS). The magnetic properties were investigated by the Vibrating Sample Magnetometry (VSM) technique, using a magnetometer with SQUID sensor. Our results show that the origin of the changes in the magnetic properties are due to several defects of vacancies of atoms found in the prepared films. A modified Hubbard model was proposed to adjust the magnetic data from measurable parameters associated with the electrons pinning in the vacancy and defects of the MoS2 samples. The changes in the magnetic anisotropy of the samples were investigated as a function of the external magnetic field applied in different directions and the results were discussed in terms of the energy balance of the spin-orbit interactions and the electronic orbital angular momentum with the crystalline field of the vacancy defects located on the zigzag edge of the MoS2 few-layer films.
Culturas colaborativas e inclusão escolar: limites e potencialidades de uma formação continuada centrada na escola
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-29)
Silva, Maria do Carmo Lobato da
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Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3897627554738983
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3475922880632267
Collaborative pedagogical work has been highlighted as one of the necessary conditions and strategies for improving the schooling processes of the target audience of Special Education, as well as being a powerful space for the professional development of school teams. The challenge for research is to find out how to provide training to promote collaborative work at school. The present study was based on the following questions: a) Continuing education centered on the school, focusing on collaborative work in teaching teams, could enhance the development of inclusive pedagogical strategies and practices in common classes? and b) What limits and potential would this training program have to foster collaborative teaching cultures aimed at schooling the target audience of Special Education? Based on these questions, we established the following objectives: Develop, implement and evaluate a Continuing Education Program focusing on collaboration between teaching teams in order to foster collaborative school culture and enhance inclusive pedagogical strategies and practices. It was a study based on the qualitative approach and assumptions of collaborative research. Nineteen professionals from a public school in a municipality in the state of Amapá-AP participated, of which 15 were teachers from the common classes, the teacher of specialized educational assistance, the one from the reading room, the educational caregiver and the school manager. The training program involved three thematic axes, distributed in seven meetings, totaling 30 hours, through a training model centered on the School, and descriptive and interventional training tools were used. Based on the reasoned analysis of the data, five categories of analysis were derived: 1) The structural and organizational dimension for the development of collaborative work from the perspective of school inclusion, 2) The pedagogical dimension of collaborative work for school inclusion, 3) The dimension formative of collaborative work: contributions to the professional development process, 4) Evaluation of the training program and, finally, 5) Considerations about the sustainability of collaborative and inclusive practices. The results showed that the descriptive formative tools of school culture and pedagogical practices showed the reactions and the way in which each experienced the reality of the presence of students targeted by Special Education within the school, and was related to knowledge, interactions and relationships professionals they established with their peers, and with the pedagogical conditions and support offered in the work environment. The formative strategies of intervention in the pedagogical concepts and practices focused on reflections on conceptions, attitudes and pedagogical strategies based on principles of universal interventions aiming at the quality of teaching for all students. The evidence allowed us to conclude that the theoretical knowledge about collaborative cultures and universal teaching strategies during the training program enabled the teaching teams to build new knowledge, increase expectations of the learning of the public students of Special Education and expand repertoires for the elaboration of collaborative class planning embodied in universal teaching strategies.
Hidrólise controlada das proteínas do leite de vaca com proteases imobilizadas para redução da alergenicidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-29)
Lopes, Laiane Antunes
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Tardioli, Paulo Waldir
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Novelli, Paula Kern
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0808991927126468
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0656257053166471
Allergy to cow's milk is clinically an abnormal reaction to cow's milk proteins regulated by immunological mechanisms and which affects mainly children. The partial hydrolysis of these proteins, catalyzed by proteases, offers an efficient way to eliminate, or at least reduce, the allergenic content of milk without significantly affecting its physicochemical and sensory properties. The use of free (soluble) proteases requires thermal inactivation of the enzyme at the end of the reaction, in addition to adding a contaminating molecule to the product. The use of immobilized proteases allows easy separation between enzyme and product and reuse of the catalyst. Multipoint immobilization can also lead to an important increase in the stability of the biocatalyst. In this work, Novo-Pro® D (NPD) and Alcalase® (ALC) proteases were immobilized on 6% agarose support activated with glyoxyl groups (AgGly) and the derivatives obtained were applied to the hydrolysis of cow's milk proteins to reduce allergenic factors in milk. The study of NPD immobilization in AgGly was done, initially, using casein (large molecular weight) and N-benzoyl-L-tyrosine ethyl ester (BTEE, low molecular weight) as substrates. The best results, immobilization yield (YI) of 90%, recovered activity (RA) of 92% (measuring the BTEE hydrolysis) were obtained with immobilization time of 24 h, at 20 ºC and pH 10.0. This derivative was about 20 times more stable than the dialyzed soluble protease, at 50 ºC and pH 6.5, and allowed to achieve a higher degree of hydrolysis (GH) of the casein (26g/L) (40%) than that reached with soluble NPD (34%), under the same reaction conditions. In addition, the derivative could be reused for at least ten batches of 2 hours of reaction. Different strategies were also tested to increase NPD stabilization in AgGly: chemical amination of the enzyme surface before immobilization on AgGly; coating the AgGly derivative with polyethyleneimine (PEI); and partial modification of the glyoxyl groups of the support with carboxylic groups, using glycine to be fixed on the support, and subsequent immobilization and coating with PEI. However, none of these strategies led to greater stabilization than that achieved with the traditional immobilization. Immobilization on chitosan-glutaraldehyde support also did not lead to better results than those already obtained with AgGly. Thus, it followed with the traditional AgGly-NPD derivative and this was compared with the enzyme ALC immobilized on AgGly (AgGly-ALC). The immobilization parameters of ALC and NPD enzymes (dialyzed and non-dialyzed) on AgGly, YI, RA and stability, presented similar values, obtained under the same immobilization conditions. The activities recovered from the derivatives of ALC and NPD were lower when measured with casein hydrolysis, which suggests the presence of a steric impediment in the hydrolysis of this large substrate. In the protein hydrolysis, the higher the degree of hydrolysis (DH), the lower the peptides obtained. However, increasing the degree of hydrolysis to values greater than 5% has also been shown to lead to visible changes in the product. Both derivatives (AgGly-NPD and AgGly-ALC) allowed to obtain approximately 70% of peptides with sizes smaller than 12.4 kDa, for a hydrolysis degree of 5%, suggesting that the main allergenic proteins may have already been sufficiently reduced with this conversion. In the case of soluble protease, in addition to the known disadvantages compared to immobilized protease, there is still difficulty in controlling the final GH, due to the need for inactivating by heating. Regarding the sensory analysis of the hydrolysates obtained, the hydrolysates with 5% DH, obtained with immobilized proteases, showed only small changes in the physicochemical properties of milk, with AgGly-ALC leading to sensory characteristics closer to whole milk than AgGly-NPD. In order to reduce the expected bitter taste that appears in hydrolysis with the generation of hydrophobic peptides in the product, the additions of 5 or 10% of α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) in the hydrolysate with AgGly-ALC were tested, with no reduction in the bitter taste, which suggests that the peptides generated in the hydrolysis of milk did not suit to the cavity of the α-CD molecule. In vivo tests showed that the DH of milk proteins of 5%, with the catalysts AgGly-NPD and AgGly-ALC, allowed to reduce the induction of allergenicity to the milk proteins compared to the in vivo model evaluated, which was not observed with hydrolysates with soluble proteases, which reached higher DH. With the soluble enzyme, although a higher mass percentage of peptides less than 6.5 kDa was obtained, the heating of the milk until the enzyme inactivation (from 50 °C to 90 °C) may have led to the exposure of hidden epitopes or to the appearance of new epitopes with protein denaturation, which induced a greater allergic response of these hydrolysates compared to those hydrolyzed with AgGly-NPD and AgGly-NPD.
O luto e as esferas do sofrimento na pandemia de 2020
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-30)
Oliveira, Mayra de Fátima Martins de
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Ferreira, Esther Angelica Luiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4054544728456101
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5936826126406974
The final paper of medical school at the Federal University of São Carlos proposes to be a critical-reflexive narrative that synthesizes experiences lived during graduation regarding learning and medical care. Using knowledge acquired in the activities of the Academic League of Antalgic Therapy and Palliative Care (LATACP-UFSCar) - on grief, communicating bad news, suffering and total pain -, this work seeks to reflect on the challenges faced during the pandemic of COVID-19 in the Brazilian context of political, social and environmental crisis, as well as perspectives for the future and strategies of self-care in this uncertain scenario.
Influência antrópica na qualidade dos aquíferos freáticos da sub-bacia do rio Monjolinho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-30)
Arruda, Natália de Souza
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Menezes, Denise Balestrero
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4329605467080208
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3968756826294616
The pressure of human activities in water sources results in changes in the environmental quality of river basins. Groundwater aquifers are important reservoirs and feeders for surface water sources. The analysis of rapidly changing geoenvironmental indicators helps to interpret anthropic interference in the quality of groundwater. For the effective management of water sources, it is necessary to study the environmental quality and the possible environmental impacts in strategic regions in the hydrographic basins. The purpose of this work was to investigate possible anthropic interference in the hydrochemical quality of groundwater aquifers in the Monjolinho river basin, upstream of Espraiado water abstraction in the municipality of São Carlos-SP. This section of the basin is inserted in a Protection and Recovery Area of Springs, in a peri-urban region, with high real estate pressure for the expansion of the urban perimeter. Through the detailing of land use and occupation, within the rural and urban areas, paying attention to potentially polluting activities, 28 physical-chemical parameters were chosen, sampled in 7 water tables, in the period of high and low precipitation. From the interpretation of the analysis, it can be noted that the aquifer aquifers Coluvionar and Itaqueri have different hydrochemistry, the aquifer being colluvial with a tendency to more acidic waters and the absence of some metals. Anthropic interference in hydrochemical quality was observed in wells P12, P13, P16, P19, P26 and P41. Well P26 showed high concentrations of N-nitrate. The study identified interference from urban and rural human activities, such as leakage of sanitary sewage and fertilizers in groundwater aquifers in the Monjolinho River sub-basin.
Youtube como ambiente virtual de ensino e aprendizagem: características de aulas-live de espanhol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-09-30)
Batista, Fabiana de Freitas
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Gregolin, Isadora Valencise
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015869228676997
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4433925984902886
This research aims to problematize the potentialities of YouTube as a space for teaching and learning Spanish, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. To this end, we analyzed the main characteristics of live lessons of the YouTube channel “Espanhol para Brasileiros” (“Spanish for Brazilians”) and the didactic strategies used by the teacher, and also discussed some aspects of live transmissions on the platform as a teaching and learning space, taking into account the interactions between teacher and students through written chat. We started from the assumption that the online transmission of the video lesson in a synchronous way allows interaction (LONG, 1996) among the participants, understood as negotiation of meaning “that generates interactional adjustments by the most competent interlocutor”, in this case, the responsible teacher. The research is characterized as exploratory (GIL, 2008), with data collection of 8 live lessons directly from the YouTube channel, analyzed from 4 sets of techniques described by Moore and Kearsley (2005) as strategies related to: a) Humanization, b) Participation, c) Message style and d) Feedback. In the present research we could observe that in the live lessons there is a predominance of humanization, considering, mainly, the fact that they are live broadcasts. There are strong traits of student participation generating the feeling of being virtually together (VALENTE, 2015). As for the message style, we observed the use of more informal language and a great presence of orality marks in the chat, since they are considered virtual chats in real time (MARCUSCHI, 2005). As feedback is concerned, we observed aspects of evaluation in the form of interaction, attested by Paiva (2003), among which there is positive and negative feedback. The results of the analyses showed that, with social isolation imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic, live transmissions through YouTube intensified as a way to minimize the impacts of isolation, which contributed to consider YouTube as a Spanish virtual teaching-learning environment, considering the techniques used to shorten the distance and bring students closer.