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Análise da política de inclusão escolar na perspectiva das famílias de estudantes público-alvo da educação especial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-11-26) Branco, Ana Paula Silva Cantarelli; Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3897627554738983; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5700677757652929
The National Education Plan establishes that it is necessary to carry out studies to track the goals of educational policies. In this sense, the present study is part of a matrix project that aimed to undertake a multidimensional assessment, involving different actors of the educational policy of school inclusion in a municipal context. Based on the Policy Cycle Approach, and the state of the art of studies with families and the school inclusion policy, the objective of this study was to analyze the school inclusion policy in the context of a municipality from the perspective of the families of students with special educational needs (SEN). It was adopted a multimethod design with a view to triangulate data from interviews with families, analyze the context of text production (national and local policy), and the context of influence of the municipality. The analysis of the documents indicated a national policy based on the weakening of the role of the State in which the rights of minorities are silenced with an emphasis on outsourcing services to support the schooling of SEN students. In the municipality, there was a strong influence of the partnership between public authorities and a specialized philanthropic institution. To complete the policy analysis, 67 family members of students with SEN, who attended to seven different municipal schools were interviewed, using a questionnaire within a survey platform applied trough a tablet. The family members' responses to 55 items, grouped into 19 indicators and four major axes marked the analysis of the quality of the school inclusion policy by the family members. The general index for the evaluation of the school inclusion policy by family members was 6.2 (good). School indexes ranged from 5.1 (regular) to 7.8 (good), showing a discrepancy in the evaluation between schools by family members and inequality in the effects of the policy of the same municipality. The comparative analysis between axes showed a good evaluation of the specialized support service for students with SEN (7.6-good), the pedagogical and social relations of students with SEN and their families with schools (7.1-good), but less positive evaluations were found in the facilities infrastructure (6.0-regular), and in the culture and organization (4.1-regular) of these schools. We conclude that although the rates of support services offered and the pedagogical and social relations were good, the culture of participation and organization of schools need to improve. If family members' knowledge of politics expanded, this could provide them with qualified knowledge to influence more in the field of pedagogical recontextualization and, thus, produce alternative narratives that would contribute to advancing the effects of educational policies in reducing historical inequalities and promoting social justice. We hope that the present study will enable the monitoring of educational policies that will give voice to the families of SEN students
Mineração de textos de patentes para monitoramento tecnológico, identificação de aplicações e seleção de materiais: estudo de caso em desenvolvimentos de aços
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-11-26) Oliveira, Bráulio Salumão de; Leiva, Daniel Rodrigo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6576844591900987; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7516742718250333
The growing number of options in materials leads to increasing complexity of the process to select the most suitable to perform a function in a product or to choose a competitive application for a newly developed material. Computational resources and databases are used to minimize uncertainties, but they still lack alternatives to evaluate opportunities that may not present themselves as commercial options. The bibliographic records of patent documents are presented as comprehensive and updated information sources, with technical details that can be retrieved from bibliometrics and text mining techniques. This thesis aimed to develop a data sheet based on text mining in steels patent records indexed in the Derwent Innovations Index. The methods employed made it possible to retrieve 85% of text segments among 22,911 records between 2009 and 2018. It was possible to evaluate recent steel developments based on chemical composition, processes, microstructure, properties, and applications. The results show the progress in the development of more detailed indicators for technological monitoring activities. In the scope of materials selection, it was possible to create diagrams of materials properties over time and other information retrieved. The procedures used in this study can be improved for a longer time scope, other properties analysis, or application to different classes of materials.
Identificação de ilhas de calor urbano em cidade de porte médio: proposta metodológica adaptada às zonas climáticas locais – ZCLs
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-11-26) Megda, Otávio Reis; Masiero, Érico; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2691827106518167; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2416799016234288
Urban spaces, growing in verticalized and waterproofed structures, have become increasingly common among cities, configuring themselves as dense over-built areas, with a high variability in the climatic pattern resulting from physical configurations, often chaotic. Since the 1990s, with advances in the specific geotechnological sector, the demand for analyzes in urban climate has increased significantly. Therefore, the methodological proposal for the use of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) or “drone” expressing an adequacy in the analysis scenario in the area. In this research, an aggregating methodology is proposed, at the pedestrian level, with a thermometer and, with the use of an vant, vertical temperature measurements in different strata (30, 60 and 75 meters high), applying the data within the concept of Local Climate Zones – LCZs, proposed by Stewart and Oke (2012), in order to better understand the different compositions of urban heat islands in spaces with different levels of land occupation, as well as their physical components. Therefore, this work analyzes the LCZs in Franca, in the state of São Paulo, from the perspective of the formation of the heat island on the vertical scale, showing how far the city air is compromised, and can assist several researches in the nature of planning and territorial ordering. The data showed the formation of the urban heat island not only at the pedestrian level, but at points up to 75 meters high in summers and favorable synoptic conditions, as well as some points with freshness islands of within the urban area. The winter periods of 2017 and 2018 made evident a thermal variation of 2.9ºC in the analyzed route, with few significant differences in the different heights, while the summer periods of 2018 and 2019 showed a thermal variation of 7.9ºC at the pedestrian level, and at 30 meters high, values of 17ºC, which shows the formation of the urban heat island in the Urban canopy layer
Fatores que estruturam metacomunidades em fitotelmos de restinga
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-11-26) Nallis, Bruna Golinelli; Saito, Victor Satoru; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3312862423985585; Pires, José Salatiel Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3412204514901170; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4307445259869165
Neotropical ecosystems harbour an imense biodiversity, covering phytophysiognomies with unique characteristics. The restingas are phyto-physiognomies characteristic of coastal regions, with hot temperatures, poor soils and low water availability, characteristics that make survival difficult in this region, however there are plant species that make life in these places easier. An example is the Bromeliacea family, which has species with phytothelmos capable of retaining water and organic matter, creating an opportunistic environment for other forms of life.. Considering the fact that these plants have unique characteristics to harbor other organisms, each bromeliad can be considered as a habitat patch within a metacommunity. We studied the factors responsible for the structuring of the metacommunity in two species of bromeliad: Aechmea nudicaulis (low phytotelmata heterogeneity) and Vriesea friburgensis (high phytotelmata heterogeneity) in a restinga from south Brazil. We found that communities are composed by many common and few rare invertebrate species. Only a small proportion of community composition variation (10%) was related to the explanatory factors considered, with bromeliad species and the vegetation cover index (NDVI) around the plants being the most relevant. The results also show that, contrary to expectations, bromeliads with greater habitat heterogeneity (V. friburgensis) had less species richness. Applying rank abundance models, we found that the individual communities were similar to null models, without apparent structuring by species niche processes. However, when the communities were grouped by plant species (summing the abundance of several bromeliads), we found that the Zipf and Mandelbrot models, which consider patch dynamics of colonization and extinction by generalist and specialist species, were the most suitable models. Our results demonstrate that the bromeliad communities do not behave individually as isolated systems, but rather as habitat patches within a metacommunity, whith random patch dynamics of colonization and local extinctions in a set of bromeliads. Understanding this metacommunity dynamic helps us to understand the importance of conserving restinga areas to preserve Neotropical biodiversity.
Contornos discursivos do antipetismo nas mídias sociais: uma análise a partir do Movimento Brasil Livre
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-11-26) Caldara, Marcus Vinicius Calderan; Rodrigues, Lidiane Soares; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5343968646005766; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1633009268944643
This job pursuit to explore the existing relationships between the relative popularization of information technologies and social media and the growing “polarization” in the taken of political positions in Brazil, and how these relationships imply transformations in the strategies for the circulation of information by a segment of groups and political actors. Theoretically guided by a relational conception of political conflict, which directly affects the design of positions in the space of ideological production, the general objective of the research is to articulate the modalities of the antipetism (a polysemic signifier) conveyed by the Movimento Brasil Livre (MBL) within your social media.
Dificuldade para dormir em idosos: influência da depressão e estresse
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-11-26) Iroldi, Grazielle Ferreira; Pavarini, Sofia Cristina Iost; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1983620301963081; Inouye, Keika; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7558935747100052; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8714970263781539
As the population ages, it presents a different epidemiological profile with a progressive increase in the prevalence of non-transmissible diseases and chronic diseases (NCDs). The Pan American Health Organization highlighted stress and depression among NCDs that commonly affect the elderly. In addition, aging-related changes and sleep disorders are often described. This study aimed to identify an association between emotional variables (stress and depression) and the self-report of difficulty sleeping in the elderly. It was a descriptive, quantitative and cross-sectional study in which 341 elderly people registered in Family Health Units in the city of São Carlos - SP were interviewed, divided into two groups: (a) Self-reported group without difficulty and (b) Group with difficulty sleeping self-reported. The instruments for data collection were: Characterization Sheet for the Elderly with Specific Question of Difficulty in Self-Reported Sleep, Perceived Stress Scale and Geriatric Depression Scale. The data obtained were entered into a bank in the program Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows to perform descriptive and comparative statistical analyzes. All stages of this work followed the ethical guidelines for research involving human beings. The elderly were mostly female (76.8%), married or with partners (90.3%), with an average age of 69.6 years, low education (M = 3.81 years of age). education) and income (M = R $ 2,302.21). The difficulty to sleep was self-reported in 47.5% of the sample (n = 162). The stress levels of the elderly group with difficulty sleeping were higher (M = 21.29 points) than in the group without difficulty sleeping (M = 15.97) (U = 10034.50; p = 0.010). In addition, elderly people with difficulty sleeping had higher scores on the scale of depressive symptoms (M = 4.41 points) when compared to those without difficulty sleeping (M = 3.09 points) (U = 10427.50, p = 0.000). Given the proposed objective, it can be concluded that there is an association between emotional variables and difficulty sleeping in the elderly.
Desempenho cognitivo e transtorno de ansiedade generalizada em idosos da comunidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-11-26) Lavelli, Beatriz Coppi; Chagas, Marcos Hortes Nisihara; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7060083823888759; Inouye, Keika; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7558935747100052; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1013479829533807
This study aimed to evaluate and compare the cognitive performance of elderly people with and without Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). It was a descriptive, quantitative and cross-sectional study in which 233 elderly people registered in a Family Health Unit in the city of São Carlos, São Paulo, were interviewed, divided into two groups: (a) Group with TAG (n = 44) and (b) Group without TAG (n = 189). The instruments for data collection were: sociodemographic questionnaire, Mini Mental State Examination, Consortium to Estabilish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease, Brief Cognitive Screening Battery, CAMDEX Similarity Subtest and Digit extension test (direct and inverse order) . The data obtained were entered into a bank in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows program to perform descriptive, comparative and covariance statistical analyzes. All stages of this work followed the ethical guidelines for research involving human beings. The elderly were mostly female (57.9%), married or with partners (60.9%), with an average age of 69.95 years, low education (M = 3.20 years of education) and income (M = R $ 2125.93). The TAG was identified in 18.9% of the sample (n = 44), these individuals were significantly younger, educated and predominantly female (p <0.05). In addition, the group with GAD had higher scores on cognitive tests. However, after adjusting for age and education, this difference was not significant (p> 0.05). Therefore, it is concluded that TAG had no effect on cognitive performance.