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Mulheres em trânsitos poligâmicos: uma leitura de O alegre canto da perdiz, de Paulina Chiziane
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-11) Carvalho, Larissa Peres Vitti de; Valentim, Jorge Vicente; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4427303771174064; https://wwws.cnpq.br/cvlattesweb/PKG_MENU.menu?f_cod=C60D14BD96B4F38A5AA8F2242628D944#
This research aims to analyze the novel O alegre canto da perdiz (2008), by Mozambican writer Paulina Chiziane, through a reading on the thematic axis of polygamy, seeking to observe its preponderance within the fictional constructions of her literary project. Taking as a starting point of discussion some theoretical and conceptual assumptions of post-coloniality and their connections with the articulation of the theme under study, the intention here is to investigate and demonstrate how the novel invests in reflecting on the role of women within the Mozambican society.
Práticas educativa e pedagógica dos professores que ensinam matemática: um estudo a partir dos trabalhos do ENEM e ENDIPE
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-11) Santos, Cicero Inacio dos; Nakayama, Bárbara Cristina Moreira Sicardi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9746628149674449; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7237845853370358
This master thesis aims to guide and characterize the pedagogical and educational practices of the teacher who teaches Mathematics from the annals of the Encontro Nacional de Educação Matemática (ENEM) and the Encontro Nacional de Didática e Prática de Ensino (ENDIPE), in addition to having carried out a initial mapping in the Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Dissertações e Teses (BDBDT) e da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), so we have a total of 14 theses and dissertations and 107 articles. The methodology of this master thesis is quantitative-qualitative and a systematic review was carried out based on the considerations of Falbo, Souza and Felizardo (2017). The production of the mapping was carried out from the file of each research and article, where in the first we used the abstracts as a basis and in the second, we made the file highlighting the author, title, studied theme, problem or research question (when present), objectives, theoretical framework, methodological procedures and main results obtained. The results show that the pedagogical and educational practice can be guided in 6 axes, from the theses and dissertations, and 4 guiding axes from the articles, in which two have already appeared in the mapping of theses and dissertations. In addition, with a new regrouping, we were able to look at the characterization of pedagogical and educational practices, based on what the authors brought as methodologies, and based on authors who debate pedagogical and educational practices in the context of didactics, such as Libâneo (1990); Franco (2016) and Bandeira and Ibiapina (2014),which shows us that they are related to the processes and methodologies used by the teacher who teaches Mathematics to achieve the goal. learning by students, intentionally. These practices are guided and characterized in the relationship with teacher training, continued or initial, in their influence on students' learning, in addition to being related to the use of didactic resources for teaching and learning (educational technologies, games, problem solving, interdisciplinarity), with the reflection and conception of teachers about their own practice, since pedagogical practice is one of the aspects of educational practice. In this bias, a gap that appeared in the works and that was the motivation that triggered this research is, perhaps, the understanding that pedagogical and educational practices are the same concepts, so it opens precepts for new studies in this area, in addition, there were few works from the perspective of talking about educational practice, the subject of experiences, whether from the teacher or the student, for teaching Mathematics and the context in which the student is inserted becomes more present.
Preparation and characterization of bionanocomposites based on protein and cellulose nanocrystals by continuous casting
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-11) Leite, Liliane Samara Ferreira; Moreira, Francys Kley Vieira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7156680316782417; Mattoso, Luiz Henrique Capparelli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5839043594908917; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1357974061571125
This Ph.D. thesis covers the production and characterization of gelatin-cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) bionanocomposite films intended for multifunctional food packaging. The up-scalability of the gelatin/CNCs films was attained by continuous casting and the rheological parameters of the film-forming solutions and drying temperature required to produce 12 m film/h were established. The continuous casting processing was proven to be advantageous when compared to the bench solution casting method. Tensile test, thermogravimetric analysis, and water vapor permeability analysis showed that the continuously cast gelatin/CNCs films had exceptionally better performance than the films obtained by bench casting. The physical and structural properties of the gelatin/CNCs bionanocomposites as tailored by pH-dependent electrostatic interactions were investigated. The suitability of CNCs was successfully extended by functionalization with rosin (r-CNCs), thus giving rise to antimicrobial reinforcing agents. Tensile test and antimicrobial analysis showed that r-CNCs served as bacterial nanofillers in gelatin-based films, which otherwise would suffer from limited physical and biological properties. Plant-derived tannic acid was successfully used as an antioxidant and bactericidal additive, as another perspective of extending the potential of the gelatin/CNCs films as a packaging material. Non-oxidized tannic acid favored non-covalent interactions and intermolecular connections between gelatin, CNCs, and tannic acid. These physico chemical interactions showed to have a greater influence on the antioxidant and physical properties of gelatin/CNCs/Tannic acid films. This thesis provides a comprehensive understanding of how CNCs can be explored to develop biodegradable films based on gelatin with enhanced properties or extra functionalities. A continuous solution casting was applied for scaling up the production of gelatin/CNCs-based films making them highly desirable for packaging applications.
Efeitos da Lei Maria da Penha na Região Sudeste
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-11) Oliveira, Amanda Torres de; Moura, Maria Sílvia de Assis; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9410151859448447; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0646396459732644
In Brazil, records of domestic violence and femicide are considered very high and represent one of the most expressive forms of violence in the country. It is of interest to investigate the behavior of these registered numbers, because with the information collected and from the analysis it can become a possible starting point to motivate new interventions, these being through public policies that seek to change the scenario current in relation to femicide and violence in the domestic environment. One of these interventions occurred with the creation of the Maria da Penha law in 2006, for the study in question, the objective is to describe and apply time series and regression techniques. with structural change to analyze the changes caused by the law in the Southeast region of Brazil.
Análise numérica de lajes alveolares protendidas submetidas ao esforço cortante com a presença de aberturas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-11) Silva, Igor Pacchioni Cândido da; Almeida Filho, Fernando Menezes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0447825383222965; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4526141281957025
The use of prestressed precast hollow core slabs has intensified as technological advances, and as part is manufactured in industry, this element needs adjustments during its application, as for example, when need openings in the hollow core panels. Therefore, the presente study aims to analyze the structural behavior of the shear test of prestressed hollow core slabs with front openings. For that, a methodology for the shear test was proposed with the ABAQUS® software using the finite element method, seeking the total representation of the manufacturing process and loading of the hollow core panel, from the prestressing application step, prestressing step and final loading step, using the tools available in the software for this. Initially, a reference hollow core slab without openings was modeled for the validation of the methodology and later the methodology was applied to hollow core slabs with central and lateral opening, comparing the results according to experimental studies already presented in the national technical literature. In this way, it was possible to understand the behavior of hollow core slabs with front openings when subjected to the shear test. Finally, the results demonstrated that the openings significantly influence the redistribution of the stresses of the web, and for the hollow core slab with central opening the rupture occurred in the web adjacent to the opening, and for the hollow core slab with lateral opening the rupture occurred in the web the end. Therefore, it was possible to conclude that the openings intensify the main tension stresses of the webs, being responsible for the diagonal tension rupture of the models, in addition to decreasing the resistant capacity of the panels by 27.25% for the case of the central opening and 50, 22% for the most critical case of the lateral opening.
Estudo de metodologias e materiais para barreira reativa permeável (BRP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-11) Ikuta, Leticia Ayumi; Menezes, Denise Balestrero; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4329605467080208; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3048294873531810
Due to increasing environmental contamination by human activity, interventions are necessary to minimize damage in soil, aquifers and rivers, either preventing or hindering the dissemination of contaminants in the environment. One of the methods used to help to contain these harmful substances is Permeable Reactive Barrier (PRB), which can be constituted by different materials. Many of them from recycling such as rice husk charcoal. This study aimed to gather research data on PBR, as well as its applicability, and therewith the author discussed the different types of materials, their applicability and overall potential of this technology. From twenty four selected researches, sixteen submitted diverse reactive materials laboratorial results of which seven were studding for hydrocarbons retention, seven for heavy metals retention and two for nitrogen retention. The experimental difficulties and their authors' suggestions were indicated for the continuation of the research in order to obtain a material and a suitable method for field application. It is interesting to observe that the other eight studies presented PRB applications in the environment, and five of them used only metal as a reactive material, even with the diversity in the materials that had been studied until then. This research proved that PRBs, in general, have favorable results for their usage, decreasing concentration of the contaminants proposed for their execution. Also could be verified PRBs diverse function when explore the materials, its applicabilities and their adequation in shapes and function, however, investment is still needed to continue the work, as well as incentives to have more field application and generate more thorough results of a technology with so much potential.
Avaliação da atividade citotóxica de complexos fosfínicos de Ru(II) com ligantes mercaptos e aciltioureias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-11) Ribeiro, Gabriel Henrique; Batista, Alzir Azevedo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6469642481998660; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3701616795598511
In this thesis, two series of new Ru-phosphine complexes containing mercapto or acylthiourea ligands were synthesized, characterized and assessed their cytotoxic activities. The first series is composed of five complexes of general formula [Ru(NS)(dphppy)(dppb)]PF6 (AMP1-AMP5) [dpphpy = diphenyl-2-pyridylphosphine, NS = 2-mercaptopyridine (pyS; AMP1), 2-thiazoline-2-thiol (tzdt; AMP2), 6-mercaptopyridine-3-carboxylic acid (mpca, AMP3), 2-mercaptopyrimidine (pySm, AMP4) and 4,6-diamino-2-mercaptopyrimidine (damp, AMP5); dppb = 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane]. In the second series, complexes present the general formula [Ru(OS)(dphppy)(dppb)]PF6 (SPPM2-SPPM6) [OS= N,N-(dimethyl)-N'-benzoylthiourea (dmbth; SPPM2), N, N-(diethyl)-N'-benzoylthiourea (debth, SPPM3), N,N-(dipropyl)-N'-benzoylthiourea (SPPM4), N,N-(dibutyl)-N'-benzoylthiourea (dbbth, SPPM5), N,N-(diphenyl)-N'-benzoylthiourea (dpbth, SPPM6)]. The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, spectroscopic techniques (IR, UV/Visible, 1D and 2D NMR) and X-ray diffraction. In the characterization, the correlation between the phosphorous atoms with their respective aromatic hydrogens of the compounds in the assignment stands out, by 1H-31P HMBC experiments. The cytotoxic activity of the complexes was evaluated against cell lines derived from human tumors, MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer) and A549 (lung cancer) and against non-tumoral human cell lines derived from lung MCR-5 and breast MCF-10A. The compounds showed good to excellent anticancer activities against cancer cell lines, with IC50 values significantly lower than the free ligands and cisplatin. For A549 tumor cells, the complexes with mercaptos had IC50 values in the range of 0.12-2.59 µM, and the complexes with acylthiourea in the range of 0.10-0.98 µM. In the breast tumor cells, IC50 values were in the range of 0.08-0.36 µM and 0.25-1.05 µM for the AMP and SPPM series, respectively. All complexes were also selective for tumor cells in comparison to the respective non-tumoral cell lines. The complexes with acylthiourea showed expressive selectivity toward lung tumor cells, with selectivity indexes (SI) values above (or equal to) 10. The compounds AMP4 (SI= 6.7) and SPPM4 (SI= 33) were chosen for further studies in lung tumor cells, due to the better selectivity index in their respective series. Both complexes were able to inhibit colony formation and alter the morphology of tumor cells A549. In the cell cycle analysis of the cells, the complexes induced an accumulation of cells with abnormal content, called Sub-G1 cells, which represents the fraction of dead cells and fragmented DNA. The fragmentation of DNA is due to the cell apoptosis process, confirmed for cells treated with the AMP4. For A549 cells treated with the SPPM4 complex, possibly other cell death processes are involved. The possible biological targets of the complexes that could act as triggers for the cell death process were also studied. The complexes presented weak reversible interactions via minor groove of the DNA. The complexes caused no significant changes in the tertiary and secondary DNA structures, indicating that this biomolecule is probably not the primary target for them. Study with enzymatic target, especially targets overexpressed in tumor cells that justify the cytotoxic activity of the compounds were carried out. And it was found that the complexes are capable of partially inhibiting the Top IB catalytic activity, at low concentrations, close to the IC50 values of cancer cell lines. Overall, the proteasome enzyme can be a biological target for these complexes. The results indicate that ruthenium complexes containing mercaptos or acylthiourea present promising cytotoxic activities for the development of chemotherapeutics for the treatment of cancer. Among the complexes assayed in HEK293T-uGFP cells, complex AMP5 was able to diminish the proteasomal chymotrypsin-like activity to a greater extent, indicating that the proteasome 26S enzyme can be a biological target of the compound.
Inferência em grafos aleatórios exponenciais através de métodos MCMC
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-11) Lima, Guilherme Antonio Alves de; Cerqueira, Andressa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1934493281651316; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7738629170117896
In this work we study statistical inference methods for random graphs. In particular, we study the Exponential Random Graph Model and we study Bayesian estimator based on Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm. We apply the inferential method to model the Brazilian Airport Network.
Sequência didática para abordagem da Segunda Lei da Termodinâmica no ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-11) Nogueira, Mauro Rodrigues Alves; Souza, James Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2212240621620011; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5933772773994964
A very common characteristic of science education curricula is the expectation that students learn the proposed scientific content, its methodologies and about science itself, which includes its nature, its interaction with society and different cultures, its history and how these are different from non-scientific approaches. The use of historical context combined with experimentation in physics classes can significantly contribute to demonstrate the relationship between science and a wider world of ideas, and can motivate students to explore contemporary issues. In this work we consider the historical context to discuss the evolution of some concepts of thermodynamics, such as caloric and its consideration in Carnot's work, the emergence of heat terminology, the importance of heat engines in the industrial revolution until the establishment of the second law of thermodynamics and its most modern conception through the concept of entropy. In order to demonstrate such concepts, two experiments were used, the drinking bird and Hero's Aeolipile (Hero's engine), usually considered as the first known heat engine. The concept of heat engine was explored by the students using the second law of thermodynamics in order to verify whether the two experiments can be considered as heat engines. Through this approach and the experimental tests carried out, it was possible to show that the drinking bird is a heat engine and an excellent didactic device for the treatment of the second law of thermodynamics in the classroom, while Hero's Aeolipile cannot be considered as such. The latter can be considered as the first steam action and reaction turbine prototype in history, being useful to discuss how a rotational motion can be produced through thermal energy and pressurized steam. The activities were conducted in the classroom using the Flipped Classroom methodology, in which the moments and roles of teaching can be inverted and the content, usually taught by the teacher, can be watched in school time by the student using multimedia tools. The practical activities, normally assigned to be done at home, were carried out in the classroom in an interactive and collaborative manner. Our proposal was successful in the classroom, motivating the students to participate more actively during the activities. It has also enabled a treatment of more complex subjects of thermodynamics such as the concept of entropy. Our educational product consists of a teaching sequence to approach several concepts of thermodynamics, with particular attention to the second law of thermodynamics. It was prepared in a simplified language to better assist the high school physics teacher.
Processos de tornar-se pesquisadora da própria experiência: indícios narrativos de professoras que ensinam matemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-11) Leandro, Everaldo Gomes; Passos, Cármen Lúcia Brancaglion; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2297203444364327; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8396222420157779
Camille was born in the city of Getúlio Vargas in Rio Grande do Sul. Nádia is from Minas Gerais just like me. Maria Auxiliadora, or rather, Dora Megid is from São Paulo. Camille studied while her parents were at the mate's wheel. Dora Megid was a very good student in mathematics and was literate in the Montessori method. Nádia lost her father at a very young age and he said things like: a woman has to study to be someone in life. Camille learned to play the piano. Dora Megid and Nádia have grandchildren. Camille lived in Curitiba, Nádia in Porto Velho. Camille earned a bachelor's degree and read texts in other languages. Dora Megid studied at a school for nuns. Nádia suffered to get a job during the Military Dictatorship, while Dora Megid took to the streets to protest. At that time, Camille was not even born. A priest was an example for Nádia. Lots of memories... But what do these women have in common? Camille, Nádia and Dora Megid, each following their own path, became teachers who teach mathematics and research their own experiences. The present study aimed to understand the processes of becoming a researcher of her own experience based on the narrative evidence left by these teachers. Narrative clues are the clues and signs found in the narratives of Camille, Nádia and Dora Megid. The narrative evidence made it possible to answer the question: how did teachers who teach mathematics become researchers of their own experience? The teachers' narratives confirmed the following thesis: “being a teacher who teaches mathematics in the 21st century, for the participants of this research, is related to the construction of a professional posture that understands the need to be a researcher of her own experience, considering objective and subjective conditions of life that enable processes of becoming a research teacher”. To face a narrative is to be surprised...