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A constituição da identidade docente em Educação Física na Base Nacional Comum Curricular: limites e possibilidades à luz da pedagogia freireana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-22) Vieira, Luiz Renato Assunção; Torres, Juliana Rezende; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3083345943491817; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6267440614385448
The aim of this study is to analyze the BNCC in Physical Education for the elementary school from the perspective of the pedagogy proposed by Paulo Freire, explaining in which curricular perspective this document contributes to the constitution of the teacher/ professional identity in Physical Education and, based on this analysis, to investigate what are the possibilities for a critical-Freirean curriculum in Physical Education that constitutes a teacher identity as a critical-liberating educator. This investigation is relevant because the teacher identity in Physical Education is confused with other professional identities according to the different curricular proposals. This qualitative research uses bibliographic research and documentary analysis to understand how the history of Physical Education in Brazilian schools and the different curricular theories constitute different teachers identities. For this we are based on some theoretical bases that allow us to establish parameters to analyze the constitution of the teacher identity in Physical Education in BNCC, some of the main ones are: Antonio Flavio Barbosa Moreira, Thomaz Tadeu da Silva, Selma Garrido Pimenta, Paulo Ghiraldelli Júnior, Valter Bracht, Mário Luiz Ferrari Nunes and Marcos Garcia Neira. Concomitantly, we are based on Paulo Freire's Liberating education, establishing the Freirean categories of dialogue and praxis as analytical categories for thinking about the limits of the curriculum proposal contained in the BNCC. The results of this research show that BNCC presents several aspects of a traditional curriculum proposal that give Physical Education characteristics of the “banking education” denounced by Paulo Freire and constitute an alienated and alienating teacher identity. It is from these results that we think about the possibilities of a critical Physical Education curriculum based on Freire's Liberating education understood from the dialogue and that, based on curricular praxis, contribute to the constitution of a teacher identity in Physical Education as a critical-liberating educator.
Migrações induzidas por fatores climáticos na América do SuL: os acordos sobre residência dos cidadãos do Mercosul e associados como forma de reconhecimento e integração
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-22) Granado, Karina; Oliveira, Celso Maran de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9911833172043700; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2285161148953733
The general aim of this thesis was to investigate the existence of consolidated norms in MERCOSUR to be adapted to the migrants induced by climatic factors as implementation of the process of integration phase of the free movement of people and as a way of recognition and permanent assistance. To achieve the central aim, specific objectives were carried out for the reflexive conduction of the proposed theoretical and factual interweaving: (i) to establish ranges and conceptual and motivating differences between migration, refuge and displacement; (ii) to determine the relationship between environmental impacts (whether progressive or sudden) arising from climate change and migration statistics in South America; (iii) to analyze the academic research scenario on the relationship between the climate crisis and human displacement in South America; (iv) to define, based on the Theory of Legal Integration in the context of South America, what were the innovations brought by the MERCOSUR Residence Agreements and to analyze the (non)existence of other institutional forms coordinated and produced by the experiences of this integration process; and (V) to establish the possibility of integrating the multilateral mechanisms existing in MERCOSUR, based on the Residence Agreements, and to examine a possible granting of (temporary) humanitarian visas overcoming, enabling permanent assistance. Methodologically, in order to achieve these objectives, this applied research was revealed (according to CERVO; BERVIAN, 2002; GIL, 2010; LAKATOS; MARCONI, 2017), as it proposes the production of knowledge for application in specific situations, such as protecting the current legal vulnerability of environmental displacements in South America starting from the MERCOSUR Residence Agreements. This is also an exploratory study since from greater familiarity with the problem, it proposes to make the issue more explicit through further in-depth of ideas and concepts, and an explanatory research, by identifying the factors that contribute to the occurrence of certain phenomena, such as the case of climatic factors motivating a large number of human displacements (GIL, 2010). It is also classified as Bibliographic Research and as Documentary Research because books, scientific articles, theses, dissertations, periodical publications such as online newspapers and academic journals were used as bibliographic sources on technical procedures (CERVO; BERVIAN, 2002). As for the results and discussions, it started from the hypothesis of recognizing the MERCOSUR Residence Agreements as valid instruments for the application of a process of recognition and protection of environmental migration and displacement by disasters, which was confirmed in the sense of this application being revealed as a quick measure in the face of environmental emergencies and, consequently, migratory emergencies that are on the horizon. In this sense, waiting for multilateral negotiations and discussions in order to normatively establish a new migratory category and underlying documents, and only then being possible to receive these groups, would be to make waiting perpetrate human rights violations, even though there are immediately sufficient and capable Residence Agreements to start receiving migrations induced by climatic factors. Thus, it was noticed that the Residence Agreements have an initial support aspect, and it is from them that the migratory theme is built in MERCOSUR. Hence, it was found, in terms of research conclusions, that there are no specific regulations capable of regulating the transit and reception in the receiving countries regarding environmental migration and those who travel through environmental disasters across MERCOSUR borders. Therefore, the Residence Agreements for Nationals and Associated States of MERCOSUR (MERCOSUR 2002a, 2002b), instruments already formalized and internalized in all country members, as they do not have an exclusive or limiting content for these human movements motivated by the impacts of climate change, they would be liable to be applied with intra-bloc administrative and bureaucratic demands, in a simplified way compared to other routes that would require major multilateral and international dealings.
Existência de pullback atrator exponencial para uma família de problemas dominados por uma perturbação do p(x)-Laplaciano com difusão grande localizada, via método das l-trajetórias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-22) Couto, Thays Regina Santana; Carbone, Vera Lúcia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8281633043632854; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2451692263315560
In this work, we use the method of l-trajectories to prove the existence of a family of exponential attractors for autonomous nonlinear reaction-diffusion equations, involving the p(x)-Laplacian with large localized diffusion. In the non-autonomous case, we use a generalization of the method of l-trajectories to guarantee the existence of a family of pullback exponential attractors.
As discussões de gênero na formação de docentes de ciências da natureza
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-22) Macedo, Jéssica Carolina Paschoal de; Lopes, Nataly Carvalho; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0285391776145231; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3623490588481296
This research aims to analyze the formative potential of the Curricular Activity of Integration Teaching, Research and Extension (ACIEPE) proposed, aiming to identify the implications arising from the insertion of gender issues as a socio-scientific issue in the training of future / science teachers. In this way, the present work was developed with students of the courses of Degree in Chemistry, Physics and Biological Sciences, Bachelor in Biotechnology and Master in Education for Science, from UFSCar - Center for Agricultural Sciences. It is a participatory research, since the interaction based on the strengthening of communicative and horizontal relations between the researchers and the participants occurred during all stages of the research, highlighting the moments of theoretical discussion and action proposals oriented to social transformation. In this sense, the inferences pointed out result from the data categorization process, based on the content analysis methodology proposed by Bardin, the categories being discussed, the time available for the activities proposed at ACIEPE, the absence of the participation of the external community, recognition of gender theories such as scientific knowledge, consolidation of communicative spaces for training and transformation through research. That said, through the delimited categories we conclude that, based on reasoned discussions about the potentialities, limitations and intentionalities of scientific and technological studies as a mechanism to face social inequalities, the critical, engaged and active formation in the search for social justice occurred. Thus, we hope with this work to add new knowledge to gender discussions in the formation of future science teachers.
Human action recognition based on spatiotemporal features from videos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-22) Silva, Murilo Varges da; Marana, Aparecido Nilceu; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6027713750942689; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5501575917932892
Currently, there is a high demand for the development of new techniques for automatic pattern recognition in videos, for example for the automatic recognition of human actions, this demand is motivated by the advances in the technologies of production, storage, transmission and sharing of videos, such advances triggered the production of a huge volume of videos that need to be automatically processed to be useful. Among the main applications, we can highlight: surveillance in public places, detection of falls of the elderly in their homes, automation in no-checkout-required stores, detection of pedestrian actions by self-driving car, detection of inappropriate content posted on the Internet like violence or pornography, etc. The automatic recognition of actions in videos is a challenging task because, in order to obtain good classification rates, it is necessary to work with spatial information (for example, shapes found in a single frame of the video) and temporal information (for example, movement patterns found throughout the frames in the video). In this thesis new methods are proposed for automatic recognition of human actions based on spatiotemporal features extracted from videos. Initially, different architectures of 3D Convolution Neural Networks (CNNs) were evaluated in the context of detecting pornography in videos. Afterwards, new methods were proposed for the recognition of human actions based on spatiotemporal information extracted from 2D poses. The use of 2D poses proved to be a promising strategy, as it requires a lower computational cost when compared to techniques that use deep learning. Besides, by using 2D poses, instead of raw images, one can preserve the privacy of people and places where the video cameras are installed. The proposed method has presented accuracy rates compatible with the state-of-the-art rates on the public databases in which the experiments were carried out.
Non-autonomous Klein-Gordon-Zakharov system: pullback dynamics in the continuous and impulsive approaches
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-22) Santiago, Eric Busatto; Bonotto, Everaldo de Mello; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2183693074268993; Nascimento, Marcelo José Dias; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7133572787875912; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9110293408089046
This work is dedicated to study a non-autonomous formulation of the Klein-Gordon-Zakharov system, which is a coupled system consisting of two non-autonomous evolution equations, where each one is of second order in time. This model is closely related to the interaction of waves and it appears frequently in thermoelasticity, mechanics, plasma physics, and other areas alike. The present work is divided into two main parts. In a first moment, using the uniform sectorial operators theory, we will show that our formulation has parabolic structure and then, making use of the natural energy associated to the system, we will obtain its global well-posedness. With the global solution in hands, we can define a nonlinear evolution process. Thus, in order to study the long-time dynamics of solutions, we shall use the abstract evolution processes theory to prove existence, regularity and upper semicontinuity of pullback attractors. In the second main moment of this work, we are going to investigate the asymptotic dynamics of solutions of the non-autonomous Klein-Gordon-Zakharov system when they are subject to the action of impulses. To do that, we will study the qualitative properties of evolution processes under conditions of impulses and present sufficient conditions for the existence of pullback attractors for evolution processes in the impulsive scenario. Finally, we apply the abstract results in order to ensure the existence of an impulsive pullback attractor for the impulsive evolution process associated with the non-autonomous Klein-Gordon-Zakharov system with impulsive action.
Modelagem cinética da síntese de galacto-oligossacarídeos usando a β-galactosidase de Kluyveromyces lactis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-22) Schultz, Guilhermina; Giordano, Roberto de Campos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0834668419587001; Ribeiro, Marcelo Perencin de Arruda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381402687491195; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6565060554031053
Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) have a high commercial value and are used in the food industry. GOS are non-digestible oligosaccharides (NDO), which are considered prebiotics. They can be produced enzymatically from substrates rich in lactose (whey, whey permeate or lactose) using the enzyme β-galactosidase as a catalyst, through a kinetically controlled reaction characterized by competition between GOS synthesis reactions (transgalactosylation) and lactose hydrolysis. In these substrates there are considerable concentrations of cations (Na+, Mg+2, Ca+2 and K+) that can affect the activity of β-galactosidase. Thus, the objective of this work was to study the kinetics of the enzymatic synthesis of GOS using lactose and whey permeate as substrate, using the free enzyme β-galactosidase from Kluyveromyces lactis (Lactozym 3000 L HP G) as a catalyst, which has GRAS status, to arrive at mathematical models that allow the use of computational tools in order to optimize the process. To achieve this goal, several reactions were conducted. In the initial rate assays, most of the experiments were carried out on 220 g/L of lactose (pure, or present in whey permeate) and chloride salts were added when using pure lactose, to verify their influence on the initial rate of synthesis and hydrolysis, total activity and selectivity. The results obtained indicate that, within the studied region, sodium, among all the ions tested, was the one that caused the greatest selectivity. Calcium inhibited the initial rate of enzyme synthesis and hydrolysis. In media containing potassium together with sodium, the effect of sodium inhibition on the initial rate of hydrolysis was even more pronounced. A similar effect occurred when potassium and calcium were used, since the inhibition caused by calcium, in the total activity, initial rate of synthesis and hydrolysis seems to be potentiated by the presence of potassium. For the kinetic model, fit were made by non-linear regression, in which several initial concentrations of lactose and enzyme were used. The model has nine adjustable parameters and characterizes the formation of Glb, tri, tetrasaccharides and enzymatic inactivation. A bootstrap method, based on the residues obtained during the adjustment procedure, is employed to calculate the confidence intervals for the parameters. This model fits well with the experimental data. As a result, this model can be useful for optimization of bioreactors and process design, as well as process control.
Seleção de genótipos de limão com tolerância ao HLB para produção de óleo essencial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-12-22) Rodrigues, Luís Henrique dos Santos; Azevedo, Fernando Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0574692206149746; Conceição, Patrícia Marluci da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6623193710607120; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7040410843982710
Brazilian citriculture is one of the pillars of the national trade balance, being one of the largest in the world, however huanglongbing (HLB) has been causing significant losses in the sector. There are no reports in the literature on citrus varieties and species resistant or tolerant to HLB. In BAG Citros IAC there are 105 accessions of lemon (Citrus limon), a species that can be exploited in the fresh fruit and juice market, and also presents by-products with high added value, the most important of which being the essential oil of the peel. The objective of this work was to select lemon genotypes with tolerance to HLB and with high production of essential oil. Six lemon genotypes (Saisons variegated IAC 290, Eureka IAC 644, Woglum IAC 271, Mayer IAC 630, São Matheus IAC 265 and Laranjado IAC 281) were evaluated for incidence and severity of HLB, physicochemical characteristics of fruits, productivity and essential oil yield. The evaluations were carried out in the second semester of 2018 and the first semester of 2019. All genotypes presented 100% incidence of HLB in the evaluation carried out in the first semester of 2019. The genotype Woglum presented, in the studied edaphoclimatic conditions, less severity to the HLB in the evaluation in 2018 and 2019, in relation to the São Matheus, Eureka, Laranjado and Saisons Variegado genotypes. As for the physical-chemical characteristics, there was a decrease in the mass of fruits harvested in 2018, for fruits harvested in 2019 for the cultivars Mayer and São Matheus. Fruits harvested in 2018 and 2019 did not differ between genotypes in parameters of height and width of fruit, juice yield, acidity, vitamin C and ratio. The genotypes Woglum, Mayer, Laranjado and Saison variegado, showed a decrease in total soluble solids from fruits harvested in 2018, for fruits harvested in 2019. The cultivar Eureka showed higher production per plant in the 2019 evaluation, while the cultivar São Matheus showed greater efficiency productive in the same evaluation in relation to the others. The essential oil yield of the peel was higher in the fruits harvested in the first half of 2019 compared to 2018 for all genotypes. Of the six genotypes studied, the Woglum and Mayer genotypes have a higher tolerance to HLB and the Eureka genotype has high oil productivity per hectare.