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Análise de relatório público de monitoramento de qualidade de recursos hídricos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-23)
Ribeiro Júnior, Oséias
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Silva Junior, Francisco José Rodrigues da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8480597715627519
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3685898940001630
The importance of water for life and for the economy, its heterogeneous availability, and the different interests involved in its uses brought the need for Water Resources Management. This management uses water monitoring data as a reference for decision making. Monitoring networks can establish benchmarks and identify trends in water quality, which is needed for river basin planning. The objective of this study was to analyze the monitoring reports of the Nacional Water Agency (ANA) and Environmental Company of the São Paulo State (CETESB) to suggest improvements that can strengthen the monitoring networks so that they can be used in more complex applications in water planning. Additionally, it aims to propose the use of monitoring data for modeling of water bodies in environmental licensing. For data analysis, it was used information from the UGRHI-06 region (Alto Tiete), CETESB, InfoÁGUAS database, meta data from the ANA repository, and Electric Energy and Water Department (DAEE) for the same region were used. As a quality reference, the nine parameters that make up the Water Quality Index (IQA) were used to check the possibility of using public reporting data in situations that the system modeling may be required. The water quality data series showed some temporal gaps that make it impossible to set up a robust database and compare it with hydrological data, demonstrating that the current monitoring system has its importance, but it is not mature for more complex applications.
Automação no processo de pintura aeronáutica como alternativa na sustentabilidade ambiental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-23)
Menezes, Eliud Rodrigues
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Daltin, Daniel Celso
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2569130557920529
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7633299475485745
Sustainability in industrial processes is a requirement in accordance with environmental legislation, in addition to being a competitive strategy for organizations, since it minimizes solid waste and there is economical resources, among others. In the aeronautical sector there are several processes that can be applied to the concepts of sustainability, and one of the processes is the preparation and painting of aircraft generates solid residues, liquid effluents and atmospheric emissions. In addition to causing environmental impacts, the generation of waste represents waste of raw material and energy and requires high investments in pollution control and treatment techniques. Given this context, the general object of this work was to analyze the process in an industrial painting booth in the aeronautical sector and as a specific objective to implement improvements in this process through industrial automation, aiming at process efficiency and environmental sustainability. The research was based on a Case Study of the painting process of an aeronautical industry. The main results were: a 65% reduction in solid waste, a 60% reduction in water consumption, a 40% reduction in the emission of gases into the atmosphere, minimization of sick leave due to occupational diseases with zero sick leave.
Utilização de lodo proveniente de estações de tratamento de água e de tratamento de esgoto para produção de tijolos: estudos de casos da Petrobrás e da Votorantim
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-23)
Silva, Valdir Francisco da
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Fajardo, Poliana Arruda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6679206417866918
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0384847048474023
Water plays an important role in the industry and for its proper use in oil refining, prior treatment is necessary, as occurs in the Water Treatment Station of a Petrobras refinery, in Paulínia-SP (ETA / Replan), during which a chemical sludge is generated, which need an appropriate destination to avoid causing environmental impacts and not compromising their disposal sites. Another important component of the industries are the Sanitary Sewage Treatment Stations - ETEs, like the pulp and paper industry station, in Votorantim-SP (ETE / VCP), which also produce sludge, although more organic. Both the sludge from ETAs and ETEs must receive an adequate destination in order not to cause negative environmental impacts. Thus, the general objective of this work is to study the technical feasibility of incorporating the sludge from ETA / Replan and ETE - VCP into clayey clay for the manufacture of bricks. The study was carried out in partnership with a pottery that, in addition to red clays and slabs, used the sludge from ETA / Replan and ETE / VCP in the composition of the bricks. The equipment and procedures necessary for the analyzes were provided by external laboratories, as required by CETESB. Both waste from ETE / VCP and ETA / Replan were classified as Class II - non-inert and non-hazardous, which indicates a high potential for use as a raw material in construction materials. The addition of residues in the mortar did not significantly alter the water absorption of the bricks, which averaged 20.7%. There was an increase in compressive strength with the incorporation of the sludge residue from ETA / Replan around 9%, with an average of 12.4 Mpa. The results allow us to conclude that the residues added to the mortar are suitable for use in construction materials.
Análise de viabilidade econômica e ambiental para a implantação de sistema de geração de energia renovável em uma residência unifamiliar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-23)
Souza, Luciano Gonçalves de
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Sousa, Maria Carolina Chaves de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0164488794718542
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3712935375356225
The demand for energy has been increasing since the industrial revolution, mainly of oil and coal, resulting in the exhaustion of its deposits and the pollution of the environment. Due to the environmental liabilities generated by these forms of energy and the scarcity of these natural resources, the need for replacing these energy matrices arose, giving space for the use of renewable energy. This is a case study of economic and environmental feasibility for the implementation of photovoltaic system in a single-family residence. From an economic point of view, in a period of 25 years, there is an estimated reduction in electricity expenditure of 85.2%, and this applies to monthly consumption as well, the system has a useful life of 25 years and the cost of installing the equipment is paid in a relatively short time; in the case of this study, the return time was 4 years, but it varies between 4 and 6 years. In the analysis of environmental viability, the negative ecological balance was obtained as a result, making the photovoltaic system for the analyzed residence ecologically unsustainable, because residents consume resources above the biocapacity of the planet from nature.
Estudo sobre o gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos industriais em uma indústria do segmento têxtil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-23)
Metidieri, Eduardo Nascimento
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Fajardo, Poliana Arruda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6679206417866918
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3865025495778470
The concern with solid waste has become an increasingly frequent topic of discussion in society. Inadequate disposal and environmental impacts generated by the industrial sector are being less and less tolerated by consumers. The textile sector has an expressive participation in the generation of solid waste and environmental impacts that, if not treated correctly, can cause irreversible damage to the environment. Thus, this work aims to study the management of solid waste from the manufacturing process of a textile industry, which produces articles for bed, table and bath, located in the city of Votorantim-SP. The applied methodology is based on an action research that will address in an organized manner activities that will make it possible to identify risks, quantify costs, establish and apply methods and raise stakeholder awareness of the importance of correct waste disposal. The results obtained through this work were the elaboration of the flowchart of the industrial production processes, the identification of the current waste disposal sites, the survey of the risks of inadequate disposal, the analysis of the failure modes and elaboration of the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis - FMEA, the indication of new points of disposal and selective collection, the preparation of a booklet on the correct disposal of waste and the assessment of electricity consumption. Finally, it is concluded that this research used tools for waste management and management, resulting in its complete implementation, favoring the mitigation of environmental impacts arising from the production process.
Análise do gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos urbanos do Município de Ilha Solteira - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-23)
Silva, Guilherme Sanches da
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Moreira, Marco Antonio Albano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8752869618450759
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8524172800310311
The generation of solid urban waste in the municipalities has increased significantly through the population growth, the economy advance, the rapid urbanization process and the changes in consumption patterns. In the midst of this complex scenario, municipal management of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) becomes a major challenge for public administration, which seeks through integrated management to find environmentally sustainable, socially fair and economically viable solutions. Based on Brazilian Fedral Law Nº. 12,305 of August 2, 2010, which institutes the National Solid Waste Policy, this study aims to investigate the Integrated Management of Urban Solid Waste (GIRSU), which encompass generation, treatment, collection, transportation, processing and transformation stages and final disposal. The study was applied to the municipality of Ilha Solteira - SP, where the integral parts of the municipal solid waste management system of the municipality were analyzed, from the generation of solid waste to its final destination in landfills and / or separation and commercialization by the recyclable materials cooperative of the municipality.
Gestão e Identificação de resíduos sólidos gerados na reforma de uma indústria para análise e eficiência do processo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-23)
Alves, Douglas Willian
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Entrim, Gabrielle Rossi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7303584178612881
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6078791507264134
Nowadays, there are environmental concerns with the amount of waste generated in various processes, and in particular, in civil construction with the construction, renovation and demolition processes that are major waste generators. About this process, there is a need for studies to minimize the generation of waste. In this work, we present a method to qualify the reform process in a pharmaceutical industry. For this, an analysis of the process of all solid waste that can be generated in each phase of the reform in the production area is made. Subsequently, an analysis of the quantities, characteristics of each waste and its environmental impacts was carried out. Finally, the reference model was built and the analysis was carried out in each phase of the reform, which were assisted during the Supervised Internship discipline. After this process, the results were presented to verify the efficiency and applicability of the model for other reform projects.
Gestão de resíduos em uma panificadora utilizando as técnicas de Produção mais Limpa (P+L) e de educação ambiental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-23)
Alves, Mariana Orlandi
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Martins, Gabriela Rebello
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3972827387642192
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1859081973741874
This work aims to analyze the generation and management of solid waste, also improve the environmental management through environmental education focused on clean production, from a bakery located in Juquehy, São Sebastião, in the state of São Paulo. Through weighing experiments and environmental education “classes”, bakery employees are expected to have greater knowledge about urban solid waste management (MSW) and, therefore, to become aware of this very important subject for society today.
Weldability of AA5083-O/H111 and naval GL D36 steel lap joints by friction stir welding
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-25)
Batistão, Bruna Fernanda
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Alcântara, Nelson Guedes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3123107570992184
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Gargarella, Piter
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4641435644243916
Steel structures welded with aluminum alloys, which combine the low cost and high mechanical strength of steel with the weight reduction and the excellent specific properties of the aluminum alloys, are in great demand. In this context, Friction Stir Welding (FSW) stands out because it reaches lower temperatures during the welding process, reducing the thickness of the Intermetallic Compound (IMC) layers formed. Based on this, the present work proposed the application of the FSW technique to weld AA55083-O/H111 aluminum alloy to Naval GL D36 steel in lap joint configuration. For this, the influence of the welding parameters (welding speed from 5 mm/s to 15 mm/s and rotational speed from 300 rpm to 1100 rpm) on the microstructure, interface, and mechanical properties was analyzed. Joints without voids or defects were produced using low welding speeds (5 mm/s and 7 mm/s) and intermediate rotational speeds (500 rpm, 700 rpm and 900 rpm). It was observed that the decrease in the rotational speed or increase in the welding speed resulted in scattered voids and tunnel defects, a reduction in the grain size of the aluminum stir zone to a minimum of 4.04 um (5 mm/s and 300 rpm), and, consequently, an increase of the microhardness in this zone to a maximum of 100 HV0.2 (5 mm/s and 300 rpm). The maximum microhardness of 662 HV0.2 was obtained in the interface, due to the presence of the FeAl and Fe3Al IMC layers, which increased in thickness with the increasing of the welding speed and rotational speed. A combination of thinner IMC layers, higher steel hooks height, and micro interlocks in the weld interface resulted in better mechanical properties, achieving a maximum average lap shear strength load of 16.98 kN.
Análise numérica da contribuição da chave de cisalhamento em ligações pilar-viga com consolo e utilizando almofada elastomérica no apoio da viga
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-25)
Chaves, Rogério José Solidario
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Ferreira, Marcelo de Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4199122391532470
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2068911961438079
This work aims to study the performance of the mechanism with the use of a shear key in column-beam connections, with corbel, and using elastomeric pad at the beam support, and to understand the amount of stress this mechanism contributes to the shear force resistance, as it is widespread and used in column-foundation connections, but not deeply studied in column-beam connections. Therefore, to understand this behavior is important, once its use is recommended by NBR 9062 (2017), although it does not define guidelines when the use of shear switch mechanism in the column-beam connection is required. To achieve this study purpose, it was used a methodology based on ABAQUS® computational tool, substantiated on the finite element method. First, it was done a calibration of individual elements consisted in the shear key mechanism, the elastomeric pad and the interface pillar-sheath, based on experimental tests by (Faleiros Junior 2018, Merlos 2019, Bertolucci 2010), aiming to obtain parameters for the numerical modeling of the column-beam connection in full scale, from the experimental PCD test by Faleiros Junior (2018) and the NCE test by Hadade (2016). One of the calibration highlights of individual elements were the numerical analysis results of the simple elastomeric pad, which used a rubber extrapolated constitutive model, of Rezende (2020) study, in which was validated the constitutive model for chartered supports. And with this constitutive model, it was possible to simulate numerically the experimental study of Merlos (2020). The numerical analysis results identified that the performance of the simple elastomeric pad to the compression, using the friction coefficient of μ = 0.3, approached the equations defined in NBR 9062 (2017) and with the friction of μ = 0.5 from experimental test which is used for further numerical simulations It was also possible with these calibrations, to simulate numerically the column-beam connection of the PCD and NCE models and quantify the portion of shear force absorbed by the shear key mechanism, that the PCD model with the shear key made on the face of the beam and column and the NCE model only on the column face. Additionally, a numerical study was developed for the semi-rigid connections of PCD and NCE models. Numerically, the shear key absorbed a force of 204.18 kN from a 547,32 kN absorbed by the semi-rigid connection, comparatively to the force of 220.12 kN found in the experimental test of Faleiros Junior (2018) from a 538,42 kN in the semi-rigid connection, resulting in a difference of - 7.81%. In relation to the column-beam connection moment-rotation of NCE model by Hadade (2016), it was numerically identified the bending elastic moment of 445.20 kN.m versus 397 kN.m of the experimental model, a difference of 12.14%, and such results are considered satisfactory. Thus, it was concluded that the numerical models studied adequately simulate the experimental performance of the connections and confirmed that the shear key mechanism relieves the shear forces of corbel when the elastomeric pad is used at the beam support.
Ser tatuador/a, ser artista: uma análise sociológica sobre os processos de artificação da tatuagem na capital paulista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-26)
Patriota Pereira, Beatriz
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Leite Júnior, Jorge
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7253561448346772
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5963693138081949
This research proposes an empiric study on the tattoo artification processes and starts with the following question: what are the strategies and discourses developed by male and female tattoo artists for the practice be artified? Since the 1980s and 1990s, in Brazil, tattooing has gone through the processes of professionalization, commercialization, commodification, sanitation, regulation, field standardization and, finally, artification, changing the ways it is conceived socially. Thus, the research aims to understand the power relations and negotiations between male and female tattoo artists regarding the knowledge construction about artification practice in São Paulo. It also seeks to analyze how the association between tattoo and art materialized in the fields of production, mediation and reception; understand the dimensions negotiated by male and female tattooists in order to construct the artistic value of tattoo; and, finally, to reflect how generation, gender, race and class differences reverberate in tattoo artification. These purposes will be achieved through participant observation in the institutions that discuss tattoo as art, semi-structured interviews with male and female tattooists inserted in the process of tattoo artification in São Paulo, bibliographic research and theoretical discussion on body modification and art.
Valores de referência hematológicos e bioquímicos de pequenos felídeos silvestres mantidos sob cuidados humanos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-26)
Salgado, Paula Andrea Borges
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Ramos, Patrícia Locosque
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7542477918045216
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4110652398126967
Modern zoos are increasingly participating in the conservation of wild fauna. The squad allows the study of the several variables that make up the environmental, health and animal habits, in addition to the opportunity to obtain rare biological material for the development of new studies. Mammals of the Carnivorous Order are predators present in terrestrial ecosystems, being top animals in the food chain that have great ecological importance. The target species of this work were 3 carnivores belonging to the Felidae Family, genus Leopardus (Leopardus colocolo, Leopardus geoffroyi and Leopardus tigrinus) in which the objective of the present work was to establish hematological and biochemical reference values for small feline species under human care belonging to the squad of the Fundação Parque Zoológico de São Paulo. Through a retrospective study of the results of hematological and biochemical tests, the possibility of determining specific reference values for the species under study was studied, since the values used for these species are outdated and often comes from extrapolation from other species of felines, including domestic cats. For a correct interpretation of blood tests it is necessary to know and use specific reference values for the animal species being studied, adapted to geographical conditions, management, feeding and even the laboratory that performed the hematological analyzes. The results found made it possible to better understand the population of small cats in the FPZSP, in which the focus individuals of the study are mostly elderly, allowing the reference values to be established for this age group of captive cats.
Mantas de fibras poliméricas eletrofiadas baseadas em poli(ácido láctico)(PLA) e borracha natural contendo curcumina visando aplicações como curativo cutâneo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-26)
Chagas, Paulo Augusto Marques
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Corrêa, Daniel Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0461451015026948
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3971464432312689
Although the use of antibiotics has been indispensable for the control of diseases in humans and animals, their indiscriminate consumption has favored the appearance of bacteria resistant to antibiotics. A way to tackle this problem is based on the use of natural compounds with antibacterial properties, as an alternative to conventional antibiotics, due to their different mechanisms of action. In this context, this work aimed at the development of electrospun fiber mats of poly lactic acid (PLA) containing natural rubber (NR) and curcumin for applications in bactericidal wound dressings. PLA was chosen as the base polymer for fiber production because it is easily electrospun, besides being biocompatible and biodegradable, while latex (containing NR) was chosen due to its natural stimulus to angiogenesis, biocompatibility, low cost and easy handling. Curcumin was chosen because of their antibacterial, antioxidant, antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties. Due to the incompatibility between the polymers, the NR epoxidation reaction was used to favor the interaction with the PLA. Microfibers from the blend of PLA and NR (without the compatibility process) were also produced with two concentrations of curcumin (2.5% an d 5%, in relation to the polymeric mass), using an asymmetric membrane structure (anisotropic structure composed of 2 layers of fibers with different properties in terms of morphology and properties) aiming at application in wound dressing. The results indicated that the asymmetrical mat containing curcumin showed antibacterial action against S. aureus and E. coli bacteria, with more promising results for the former, according to the results of a wound model using ex-vivo pigskin. The results also showed that the asymmetric membranes were able to prevent the penetration of bacteria for up to 14 days. In addition, photodegradation, one of the main disadvantages of curcumin, was overcome with the addition of an extra top layer of PLA nanofibers over the curcumin-containing PLA/NR microfiber layer, which was able to prevent its photodegradation for up to 12 hours when exposed to light. Finally, the results presented show two different alternatives for obtaining microfibers using the blend of NR and PLA and also the high potential use of curcumin for wound dressing application.
Répteis da região do campus Lagoa do Sino da Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Buri, SP, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-27)
São Pedro, Vinícius Avelar
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Nehemy, Ibrahim Kamel Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7404103190291423
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9644812398421326
N-BEATS-RNN: deep learning for time series forecasting
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-27)
Sbrana, Attilio
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Rossi, André Luis Debiaso
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5604829226181486
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Naldi, Murilo Coelho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0573662728816861
This work presents N-BEATS-RNN, an extended version of an ensemble of deep learning networks for time series forecasting, N-BEATS. We apply a state-of-the-art Neural Architecture Search, based on a fast and efficient weight-sharing search, to solve for an ideal Recurrent Neural Network architecture to be added to N-BEATS. We evaluated the proposed N-BEATS-RNN architecture in the widely-known M4 competition dataset, which contains 100,000 time series from a variety of sources. N-BEATS-RNN achieves comparable results to N-BEATS and the M4 competition winner while employing solely 108 models, as compared to the original 2,160 models employed by N-BEATS, when composing its final ensemble of forecasts. Thus, N-BEATS-RNN's biggest contribution is in its training time reduction, which is in the order of 9 times compared with the original ensembles in N-BEATS.
Triângulos perigosos: as relações entre bichas, márginals e filhas-de-santo em Maceió/AL
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-27)
Nascimento, Rangel Ferreira Fideles do
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Leite Júnior, Jorge
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7253561448346772
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2372354860341000
The dissertation aims to understand the set of interactions established between terreiros and bocas-de-fumo located in the city of Maceió, Alagoas from two relational bundles: ritual and gender stylizations. It is anchored in an ethnography that considers special attention to the space of interlocution between bocas-de-fumo and terreiros as a result of changes in forms of governance over life in the peripheries, as well as the productive technologies generated in terreiros from the incorporation of entities and control of the circulation of information. As a background, changes in the forms of government in the peripheries of Maceio from what locally came to be called the rupture of the alliance between the criminal collectives Primeiro Comando da Capital and Comando Vermelho regarding the production of senses of masculine identification remain in abeyance. In this sense, being ethnographically inspired, it is nourished by the role of encounters and possibilities of interlocution established from the performance of different roles in interpersonal networks. Concerned with following the relational plots elaborated with queers and márginals - the research's interlocutors -, the field of concern gradually changed. In a first moment, the center of the project was to follow the battles of queers through the incorporation of female spirits and their production crossing gender stylizations as dangerous. However, following episodes and narratives involving their friendly relations made it opportune to observe plots involving men in criminal dynamics. In this way, this shift in focus led to an approach with a body of literature gathered among different concerns. More roughly, studies on gender and sexuality in terreiros; forms of government in Brazilian urban peripheries and the dialogue on illicit markets more properly related to drug trafficking. In relation to these different research contexts, the accumulation of works exploring interfaces between gender and sexuality studies and urban peripheries has sensitized the idea of the intersection of an unprecedented field of relations articulating different social landscapes. In this sense, in relation to the context of Alagoas, it is possible to argue that the idea of gender styles and rituals seems to point to how the presence of a patriarchal bias in structures of care and protection - in which the hierarchy in terreiros is situated, is founded through transitional experiences, in which subjects experience a constant immanence. Gender, in this way, articulates itself much more to the idea of an eternal tension and delimitation of another to be fought, than necessarily a stabilization of meaning.
Documentação pedagógica: uma abordagem construída no cotidiano de um berçário
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-28)
Laissener, Rosiane Cristina
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Tomazzetti, Cleonice Maria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4821077407620769
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2973058554066950
This dissertation aimed to study how the non-nursery Pedagogical Documentation enables the discussion of pedagogical practices with babies, favoring teacher education, considering the action of the teacher who registers and researches through this approach, and the requests, both as actors in the contexts of collective life. At first, it understands the conception of this approach, like the studies carried out by the pedagogies of Northern Italy, in the Region of Emillia Romana, as an instrument for reflection and planning of teaching actions in order to build forced experiences with babies as protagonists, and to support pedagogical practices and professional training. Adopting the techniques of observation, recording, document analysis, study, reflection and sharing with the school community, the Pedagogical Documentation was built, producing the data of this research and implementing its principles as a research method of the practice itself. Pedagogical Documentation as a research, reflection and communication tool can be a new way for the education of children and young children, making the school alive, producing culture, opportunities, which provokes thinking, reveals learning and gives meaning to everyday life from of the provocations it causes to the teaching action and, concomitantly, to the babies' actions. It proposes a review again and with a sensitive listening, enabling the communication of what has been lived through the sharing of mini-stories that show the discoveries of the researcher teacher and the babies as protagonists and authors.
Sequência didática para estudar o comportamento da luz através de experimentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-28)
Fajardo, Gledson Gonçalves
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López, Johnny Vilcarromero
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2842871947259606
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7449104217640487
Teaching concepts of physical optics to high school students, especially those related to the behavior of light, is not a simple task. The approach to these topics is scarce, and short class time during the week are the challenges encountered. The use of experiments in the classroom is a good tool to be used to approach these subjects, mainly in the 3rd year of high school, where the subjects of modern physics are also little explored. With the use of experiments, we have the students' motivation and engagement as an additional stimulus in the presentation of the studied subjects. The purpose of this work was to develop a didactic sequence for the study of the behavior of light with experiments, the contents covered involve concepts of optics and modern physics. Our goal is to offer high school teachers alternatives to stimulate their students through practical activities appropriate to each reality. Our methodology was guided by David Ausubel's theory of Significant Learning, in the sense that the student is stimulated with a potentially significant product. The product was applied to a 3rd year high school class at a state school in the interior of the state of São Paulo. The product was developed in stages: survey of previous knowledge about the behavior of light, conducting experiments on this theme and a final questionnaire on understanding the theme. The experiments involved topics such as refraction, diffraction, interference and the photoelectric effect, all of which allowed students to discuss the concepts of the wave and corpuscular behavior of light and build their knowledge about the contents covered, in the student's notebook of modern optics and physics. From the final questionnaire and the interaction in practical experimental activities during the sequence, it was possible to verify the students' motivation and interest in the subjects covered in each experiment. The product allowed the emergence of questions, raising hypotheses and debates about the observed phenomena associated with the behavior of light.
Caracterização de um dataset de mobilidade dos ônibus da cidade de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-28)
Ferreira, Carolina Junqueira
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Senger, Hermes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3691742159298316
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6532161246174224
Simulation is a widely used technique for validation and testing of routing protocols in vehicular networks (VANETs). These simulations are based on mobility models that must follow the real movement patterns of vehicles to produce realistic and accurate assessments of protocols and other vehicular network solutions. Mobility models and simulations can be based and adjusted using real vehicular mobility traces. These traces are records of vehicles positioning over a period of time, and they incorporate the behavior and dynamics that occur in the day-to-day of a city (traffic jams, the way drivers drive, routines of population or types of vehicles). Understanding the mobility characteristics of these traces helps in feasibility study of vehicular networks, understanding of factors that affect traffic conditions, configuring and conducting realistic simulations so that the design of routing protocols reacts to real vehicle movement behaviors. Therefore, a tool to produce more accurate and realistic results in these simulations is the characterization of vehicle mobility datasets. There are works that already makes this type of characterization, but few of them explore data from large cities like São Paulo. This work characterizes a dataset of real mobility traces of buses in São Paulo, extracting and demonstrating mobility and connectivity metrics found in the literature. Prior to characterization, the dataset was pre-processed using common treatments for this type of data. The metrics extraction and pre-processing were done using the Python language and the big data tool Apache Spark. The objective of this work is to demonstrate the behavior of a large urban centers, and to provide a dataset for the validation, adjustment and conduction of simulations of vehicular networks. The extracted characteristics indicate behavior patterns in the movement of buses that are repeated according to the days of the week (weekdays, Saturdays, and Sundays), period of the day, and regions of the city.
"Eu vou ser punido por isso até quando?": a (re)inserção do egresso prisional no mercado de trabalho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-01-28)
Hamra, Isabela Calijuri
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Sinhoretto, Jacqueline
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7743699562476490
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0709244060424947
The goal of this thesis is to understand how the field of support services for ex-offenders from the penitentiary is organized in São Paulo, focusing on (re)integration of these individuals in the formal job market. The starting point of this analysis is the performance of two non-profit organizations, targeting their methodology, driven by participant observation, and focusing on the comprehension of subjective aspects through the perspective of ex-offenders that have attended those programs. The initial intention to observe the levels of employment showed to be more complex, reaching a symbolic dimension guided by ideologies connected to the neoliberal thinking. The introjection of myths encompasses ideas of entrepreneurship, self accountability and motivacional thinking, acting in a dimension that modifies the perception that the ex-offenders has of itself. However, this symbolic transformation does not necessarily bring material change. The passage rituals promoted by these NGOs produce multiple identity triggers ranging from criminal to worker, showing the permeability between identities considered opposite. The perception of the ex-offenders about the NGOs is that, although they don´t get a formal job, there is a meaningful change in the image they have about themselves, which can lead to a switch in their behavior. Furthermore, the field of actors that integrate the big network of support services for ex-prisoners from the penitentiary in the city of São Paulo has been presented to be diverse and full of relationships between government and non-government entities. This research sought to analyze the performance of government entities, NGOs, private companies and investors, adding to a total of 12 actors who find themselves in a scenario with an abundance of neoliberal ideas and practices.