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Adaptação transcultural do Self-Reported Experiences of Activity Settings (SEAS) para a Língua Portuguesa (Brasil)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-04) Peruzzo, Caroline Fernanda Bella; Martinez, Claudia Maria Simões; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1371315095038350; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9459585899748417
Introduction: Engagement is defined in the literature as a multifaceted state composed of affec-tive, cognitive and behavioral aspects, conceptualized in two interrelated ways, as a process (in-volvement with) and a state (involved in). For occupational engagement to start, some points need to be considered, such as the sense of readiness, purpose or meaning, participation, motiva-tion and interest, while other points are seen as influencing the level of engagement, being the state of mental health and cognitive ability, challenge, feedback and environmental elements. The literature describes a conceptual model of “social environment” and “social context” that inte-grates a perspective focused on the person with a perspective focused on the environment and that outlines the mechanisms through which children and youth and the social environment inter-act: this is the Model of social environment and social context. This model directs researchers and professionals to interventions that address interaction, including children and their social en-vironments, families, peer groups and communities, in order to create possibilities for healthy development and the creation of health-promoting environments. In this perspective, the Self-reported Experiences of Activity Settings (SEAS) instrument was developed, which assesses the self-report of young people in relation to their activities. The instrument has good psychometric qualities and favorable results in its application. Objective: to carry out the cross-cultural adapta-tion of the Self-reported Experiences of Activity Settings (SEAS) to Portuguese (BRAZIL). Methodology: the cross-cultural adaptation of the instrument was carried out with the approval of the instrument's authors. From that approval, the steps taken were the initial translation, trans-lation synthesis, back-translation, evaluation by the expert committee and cognitive development. The cognitive development was carried out with 22 adolescents with and without physical disa-bilities, attended at institutions in medium-sized cities in the interior of São Paulo in order to veri-fy the understanding of the instrument's items. Results: The rate of agreement in the sentences by the committee of judges was satisfactory and the items below 80% of agreement were adjusted based on consensus among the researchers, corresponding to a total of 15 sentences. In the stage of cognitive development, it was observed that the Portuguese version was understandable be-cause the comprehension index was high for the adolescents in the study and the authors ap-proved the final version. Discussion: Certain occupational therapy terms used in SEAS are dis-cussed, such as “activity settings”. Differences in translation styles are also discussed, highlight-ing the importance of the stages of translation, back-translation, the composition of the expert committee at work and the results obtained in the stage of cognitive development. Conclusion: The results of the study demonstrated that the equivalence with the original version was main-tained and the instrument in Portuguese appears to be suitable for the Brazilian population. It ends with an instrument ready to undergo psychometric studies, in order to be validated for Bra-zil.
O direito à literatura: letramento literário e contos de fadas como ressignificação do ordinário em extraordinário
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-04) Oliveira, Natália Laiana; Souza, Geraldo Tadeu; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3516168011612531; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3305170086156847
The present work of conclusion of the course is a bibliographic and documentary research that seeks to deepen some concepts on the right to literature, literary literacy, and fairy tales. aimed at dialogue with BNCC and PNLD Literary to emphasize that literature and the school must go together. From a theoretical point of view, it seeks to reflect on the importance of literature for human beings and recognize it as a fundamental right (C NDIDO, 2011) and as aesthetic education (VIGOTSKI, 2003), being necessary for the full development of students. For the studies of fairy tales as an instrument of creative resignification of our life, I use the contributions of Propp (1984), Tolkien (2020), Machado (1994) and Coelho (2012). I problematize literary literacy (COSSON, 2019, 2014) because it offers us the necessary instruments to act in the literate world, considering the subject in its entirety. Thinking about the importance of fairy tales in the formation of the literary reader in the early years, articulating orality and access to literary books as a right is our main objective.
Efeitos da intervenção psicoeducativa com enfoque na estimulação cognitva para cuidadores de idosos com doença de Alzheimer
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-04) Caparrol, Ana Julia de souza; Gratão, Aline Cristina Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7873339343111119; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5489036562661258
Introduction: The increase in elderly people diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD) brings challenges to society, especially to family members, who often become informal caregivers, culminating in a series of biopsychosocial complications. Among them, there is the impairment in cognitive performance, which can directly affect the quality of life of these individuals, establishing the need for support programs. Objective: to evaluate the effects of a psychoeducational home intervention on cognitive performance, anxious symptoms, stress and burden in caregivers of elderly people with AD. To meet the major objective, two studies were designed, with the following objectives: (1) To carry out a systematic review of the literature on psychoeducational interventions with caregivers of elderly people with AD; (2) apply a psychoeducational intervention with a focus on cognitive stimulation and evaluate its effect on cognitive performance, anxiety, stress and the burden of caregivers of elderly people with AD.. Method: The study (1) was configured as a systematic review of scientific production with search in the databases Pubmed, Virtual Health Library, MEDLINE, PsyINFO, Scopus and Cochrane, published until December 2019, in English, Portuguese or Spanish. The search strategy combined the Boolean terms and operators considering the key concepts "caregivers", "elderly", "intervention", "Alzheimer's disease", "cognition", "psychosocial impact", "psychosocial support systems". The study (2) deals with a randomized, controlled and blinded clinical trial, for the application of a psychoeducational intervention focusing on cognitive stimulation in caregivers of elderly people linked to the Home Care Department of a private health operator in the city of São Carlos (SP). Results: (1) Eight articles were analyzed, which showed improved knowledge about AD, in addition to better self-efficacy, resilience and cognitive performance of caregivers. (2) The Intervention Group showed significant improvement in the symptoms of stress (p = 0.027), global cognition (ACER p = 0.003; MMSE p = 0.008) and domains (attention / orientation - p = 0.004; memory - p = 0.017; fluency verbal - p = 0.023). As for the Active Control Group, even if not significant, there was an improvement in verbal fluency that showed in the reevaluation (p = 0.007), perceived stress (p = 0.031) and anxiety symptoms (p = 0.049). Conclusion: (1) Models of psychoeducational interventions for caregivers of elderly people with AD are proposed in different formats and demonstrate positive effects regarding their self-efficacy, resilience and cognitive performance. (2) Home intervention for caregivers is an important tool for improving cognition and stress in caregivers of elderly people with AD, but it does not seem to have the same efficacy for symptoms of overload and anxiety, which highlights the need for specific intervention strategies for this domain.
Análise de segurança de criptografia quântica baseada em teletransporte
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-04) Lima, Diogo Henrique Garcia; Rigolin, Gustavo Garcia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5670956791297779; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1417152403051806
We prove that the teleportation based quantum cryptography protocol presented in [Opt. Commun. 283, 184 (2010)], which is built using only orthogonal states encoding the classical bits that are teleported from Alice to Bob, is asymptotically secure against all types of individual and collective attacks. We then investigate modifications to that protocol leading to greater secret-key rates and to security against coherent attacks. In other words, we show an unconditional secure quantum key distribution protocol that does not need non-orthogonal quantum states to encode the bits of the secret key sent from Alice to Bob. We also revisit the security proof of the BB84 protocol by exploring the non-uniqueness of the Schmidt decomposition of its entanglement-based representation. This allows us to arrive at a secure transmission of the key for a slightly greater quantum bit error rate (quantum communication channel’s noise) when compared to its standard security analysis. After that, we investigate how different types of the noise usually present in realistic implementations of the BB84 protocolo affect its operation.
Ictiofauna da região da Serra da Canastra, Minas Gerais: cavernas são filtros ambientais considerando-se riqueza, diversidade e comportamento alimentar?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-04) Rabello, Gabriela Crestana; Bichuette, Maria Elina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8453043393798516; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9777367963310903
The subterranean (or hypogean) environment is formed by interconnected spaces of the subsoil or subsurface filled with water or air and has a marked characteristic of darkness in deeper areas and little variation in abiotic conditions, such as high relative humidity and constant temperature. One of the characteristics observed in many caves and other subterranean habitats is the tendency for food scarcity, where most of the time the supply of food is by allochthon origin, thus influencing the richness and distribution of the fauna. These factors, among others, make the hypogean environment extremely fragile. This study aimed to present historical data for the ichthyofauna in the São Francisco basin and to compare them with data occurring in caves and epigeanl stretches of São Roque de Minas region, Minas Gerais state, in addition to verifying physico-chemical data, richness and diversity. Three collection occasions were carried out using combined methods. Historical data were also used to compare the subterranean ichthyofauna occuring in the São Francisco Basin. The rio São Francisco River basin presented 26 species in hypogean stretches of rivers, eight troglobitic restricted to subterranean habitats, most of which are found in the state of Bahia. For the São Roque de Minas region, 13 species were recorded, seven in hypogean stretches. Concomitantly, the data collected for the region were analyzed aiming at the diversity of the ichthyofauna, verifying similarity of species and degree of health, testing the hypothesis that the caves represent an environmental filter for the local ichthyofauna.
Contribuição ao conhecimento taxonômico dos Braconidae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonoidea) do sudeste brasileiro, com ênfase na subfamília Alysiinae
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-02-04) Oliveira, Franciélle Dias de; Dias, Angélica Maria Penteado Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8637344058859147; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7801155621308230
This study had as main objective to contribute to the taxonomic knowledge of Braconidae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonoidea), with emphasis on the subfamily Alysiinae, of two protected areas (Unidades de Conservação) in the southeastern region of Brazil, namely: Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra (São Roque de Minas, MG) and Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos (Teresópolis, RJ). In the Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra, the study was conducted in the upper part of the Park (at 1,180 to 1,444 m altitude), in gallery forest and rupestrian grassland (sensu stricto) areas, between November 2018 and December 2019, with the use of Moericke, Malaise and light traps. In this Park, more than 9,000 specimens of 24 subfamilies of Braconidae were sampled. The results obtained with Moericke traps suggested a positive association of the abundance and richness of subfamilies with the relative humidity of the air. The composition of subfamilies differed between the two phytophysiognomies sampled. The most abundant subfamilies were Doryctinae, Microgastrinae and Cheloninae. Cenocoelinae, Rhysipolinae, and Rhyssalinae had few specimens collected and were sampled exclusively in gallery forests; specimens of Miracinae occurred only in rupestrian grasslands. The Malaise trap was the most effective method for collecting specimens, however, the Moericke traps were important in relative abundance, especially for Alysiinae, Doryctinae and Pambolinae, and the only specimen of Rhysipolinae obtained was with the use of this method; with the light trap, a high diversity of subfamilies was sampled. Seven known genera (and two undescribed genera), 63 morphospecies and 223 specimens of Alysiinae were sampled in this Park, predominantly from gallery forests, but specimens of Coelinius occurred only in rupestrian grasslands. The composition of morphospecies differed between the sampled phytophysiognomies and the sample sufficiency was not achieved for any of the three methods used. In the Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos, collections were carried between December 2014 and November 2015, in an altitudinal gradient at 137 to 2,140 m. Twelve known genera (and two undescribed genera) of Alysiinae were obtained in this Park and about 2,900 specimens. Above 860 m of altitude, 90% of the specimens were sampled; a positive association between abundance and the average altitude of the sample area was found. In contrast, specimens of Orthostigma were obtained only in areas at 350 m. Considering the two protected areas, 14 known genera of Alysiinae and two undescribed genera were sampled. The most abundant genera were Dinotrema, Aspilota and Aphaereta. Relatively rare and/or little recorded genera in the Neotropical Region occurred (Alysia, Idiasta, Coelinius, Ilatha, Rhacalysia, and Orthostigma). This research provided support for an update of the genera Idiasta and Rhacalysia, including the description of new species from the Neotropical Region.