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Dinâmica espacial e perfil produtivo da agricultura no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul em 2006 e 2017
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-09) Oliveira, Poliana Silva de; Figueiredo, Adriano Marcos Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3815837428657319; Aguiar, Danilo Rolim Dias de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1889207481986151; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2992655074179402
The state of Mato Grosso do Sul is an important producer of agricultural products, especially of soybeans, corn and sugarcane, which together accounted for 94% of the states’s gross revenue from all annual agricultural products in 2017. Moreover, both the revenue and the farmed area with these three activities have grown substantially. Therefore, the objective of this study is to examine the development of the production of soybeans, corn and sugar-cane in the cities of Mato Grosso do Sul, between 2006 and 2017, estimating localization and specialization indexes plus an extended Shift Share model. Results show that there are a larger number of cities specialized in the production of soybeans and also that this crop is more disperse spatially comparing with the other two crops. In addition, the production of sugar cane is the only showing changes in the pattern of concentration and dispersion. Finally, the shift-share analysis suggests positive effects of different determinants, mainly area effects for sugar-cane and productivity effects for corn. Soybeans was the only one with positive price effects.
Ação do óleo essencial de pimenta-rosa ("Schinus terebinthifolius") no desenvolvimento in vitro de "Colletotrichum truncatum", agente causal da antracnose da soja ("Glycine max")
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-09) Araujo, Ana Carolina; Mello, Ana Paula de Oliveira Amaral; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0308248590715976; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4077771101339527
the soybean is one of the most economically important crops in the world and has been cultivated by thousands of family farmers, especially in the southern region of the country. Crop productivity can be threatened by various types of pathogens that cause various diseases, including anthracnose, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum truncatum. One of its main control methods has been the application of fungicides in crops, which contributes to increasing environmental insecurity and concern for the health of the population. In this sense, the use of vegetable oils in phytopathogenic control can be an interesting alternative to replace such chemicals. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the essential oil of pink pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius) on the in vitro growth of colonies of the fungus Colletotrichum truncatum, the causal agent of anthracnose in soybean. The essential oil was applied in different ways to the Potato-Dextrose-Agar (BDA) culture medium in separate Petri dishes. Then, mycelial disks of the fungus were plated and their growth evaluated at 3, 5, 7 and 9 days. The results show that the greatest control of the growth of the pathogen occurs in T3 (essential oil on the surface), usually followed by T4 (filter paper). In addition, from 500 μl to 800 μl, approximately 1 centimeter of growth was suppressed on the 9th day.
A abordagem sobre serviços ecossistêmicos nos cursos de ciências biológicas das universidades públicas brasileiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-09) Santos, Larissa da Silva dos; Agostini, Kayna; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5894768661755535; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2323170573927751
Ecosystem services are ecological processes or functions that directly or indirectly contribute to the well-being of man. The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment proposes four classifications: supply services; regulation services; cultural services; support services. According to the IPBES, in 2019 an amount of US $ 125 trillion / year was estimated globally for these services. In this way, man's well-being and economic development are intrinsically related to the quantity and quality of ecosystem services. However, even with their importance, ecosystems and their services are being increasingly negatively affected to meet the growing demand for resources, due to population and economic growth. Considering so many aspects addressed by the theme, it is extremely important for the training of future biologists to understand this area more deeply. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the Pedagogical Project of the Biological Sciences courses at Brazilian public universities, in relation to the theme of ecosystem services, to verify how this theme is approached at Brazilian public universities. With the analysis of the pedagogical projects of the universities, it was possible to observe that the great majority had subjects that superficially approached the theme, however, there were few that had subjects focused only on ecosystem services. As well as the north and northeast regions of the country, which stood out the most during the analyzes.
Proposta de uso de distribuições finitas de probabilidade e distribuição T^2-Hotelling para o monitoramento de processos de múltiplos fluxos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-04-09) Vicentin, Damaris Serigatto; Oprime, Pedro Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9291517431456908; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6367295398528661
A topic still little researched is the monitoring and control of multiple stream processes (Multiple Stream Process - MSP). These are cases in which the equipment has several modules and each module produces the same parts, components and materials with different parameters of means and standard deviations, constituting subpopulations. Within this scope, the objective of this thesis was to propose a finite mixture control chart model for monitoring MSP, which is still rarely found in the literature, and to compare it with the control chart T^2-Hotelling. To achieve the intended objective, was used the quantitative and qualitative approach based on modelling, through the application in an illustrative case with real data collected during the production of pastry dough from a food industry. A comparative analysis was performed regarding the statistical and operational aspects between the finite mixture control charts and T^2-Hotelling. It was observed that the approaches differ in terms of their assumptions, as in their mathematical and operational complexity. In terms of performance, the T^2-Hotelling charts were better at detecting problems (special causes of the process) and easier to apply due to their lower mathematical complexity. On the other hand, the finite mixture graph is innovative, it is applicable, it considers all the flows and the variability between them in a single control graph, it is easier in terms of the sampling procedure, but it brings greater mathematical complexity to its application.