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Análise fatorial para dados qualitativos ordinais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-11) Lu, Ching Yu; Viola, Márcio Luis Lanfredi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7797241339089177; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8727044482998086
The use of the factor analysis is appropriate for quantitative data. Therefore, alternatives should be considered to use factor analysis with ordinal data. In this work, exploratory factor analysis for ordinal data is described. Specifically, we utilize special correlations such as Spearman and polychoric. Moreover, we apply exploratory factor analysis to dataset provided by the evaluation committee of the Federal University of São Carlos (CPA/UFSCar). The dataset was obtained by a questionnaire whose response scale is Likert type.
Síntese de filme de Nb2O5 por oxidação eletrolítica assistida a plasma (PEO) com regime oscilatório
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-11) Batista, Jonata Rodrigues Dias; Trivinho-Strixino, Francisco; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9740223649776400; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9371807725346783
The present work aims to investigate the amplitude, the period, the temperature of five cycles of the oscillatory phenomenon in three current densities and how this behavior can affect the characteristics of the anodic film. During the synthesis of Nb2O5 anodic films in the plasma-assisted electrolytic oxidation process, or Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO), under specific conditions, an unusual oscillatory phenomenon was observed when analyzing the voltage vs. time curves. A system composed of a C2H2O4 electrolyte with a concentration of 0.1 mol.L-1, an initial temperature of 15°C, and a polished niobium substrate with an area of 100 mm2 was prepared. Given these conditions, three of them were used at different current densities: 5, 10, and 20 mA.cm-1, where the voltage vs. time curves were analyzed. The produced films were characterized for morphological and microstructure properties formed under an oscillatory regime. Studies have shown that the amplitude and the average period of oscillations tend to increase with increasing current densities, the average temperature exhibiting the same behavior. Based on the literature, the mechanism of oscillatory behavior is related to the detachment and reconstruction of the film, forming several layers. The difficult reproducibility of the oscillatory phenomenon was also observed since different replicates of the sample of 10 mA.cm-1 originate different curve shapes, a result of the sensitivity of the process with variations in temperature and simultaneous dissipation parameters. The characterizations of anodic films showed a predominant presence of niobium and oxygen and an orthorhombic structure of Nb2O5. The film has porous characteristics and has several cracks, with an increase in the density of pores on the surface related to an increase in current density. The bandgap values of the oxide coatings formed were lower than those found in the literature for Nb2O5. Studying the oscillatory phenomenon in the synthesis of Nb2O5 under the specified conditions contributes to understanding how the oscillatory behavior is influenced by the current density and can modify the synthesized anodic film.
O aborto em pauta: a atuação de movimentos pró-vida no Brasil contemporâneo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-11) Manduca, Vinicius; Souza, André Ricardo de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7016915324466152; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9981589828254585
This thesis presents the results of research for the conclusion of a doctorate on the political strategies of action of pro-life movements, opponents of the decriminalization of abortion before and during the government of Jair Messias Bolsonaro. Elected religious representatives and civil society entities organize themselves into movements exerting political pressure, seeking to make the parliament legislate in favor of their beliefs and convictions, contrary to other social segments. It is in this scenario that pro-life movements are projected. If before the 2018 elections, marked by an institutional political rise of conservatism, they acted mostly against the agenda, they gave a new tone to these movements, as they were now members of the executive power, personalized in the figure of the Minister for Women, Family and Rights Humans, Damares Alves. He was selected for the study National Citizenship Movement for Life – Brasil Sem Aborto. The study was carried out through systematic analysis of campaign materials, news and official documents from selected entities, in addition to an interview with the minister.
Catálise por complexos metálicos: I – Complexos de Ni(II), Cu(II) e Pd(II) com bases de Schiff na oxidação de catecóis; II – Complexos de Ru(II) com ligantes tipo-pinça na desidrogenação de álcoois
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-11) Mello, Lucas dos Santos; Dockal, Edward Ralph; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6461328124491559; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2729829694201584
Green Chemistry is an indispensable scientific tool for sustainable development, catalysis is one of its twelve principles through which energy waste and hazardous chemicals production can be minimized. In this sense, biomimetic catalysis is a field that takes advantage of the versatility of well-defined metal complexes inspired by natural highly efficient catalysts, such as enzymes. In the design of efficient catalysts for the oxidation of organic substrates, salen-type complexes are known as mimetic models for several metalloenzymes. Their ease of synthesis, availability and versatility of stereo-electronic properties make them suitable attractive choices. On the other hand, in the search of new and more environmentally friendly sustainable energy sources, ruthenium-pincer complexes have shown promising results as catalysts in (de)hydrogenation reactions. The use of hydrogen as energy source is attractive due to its high energy density and low waste production. Nonetheless, transporting H2 is dangerous and the use of alcohols as H2 carriers with in loco hydrogen release is a highly desirable alternative. This thesis is divided in two parts in which two different catalytic processes had been studied. In the first part, there were synthetized copper(II), nickel(II) and palladium(II) salen-type complexes with ligand derived from diaminomaleonitrile and salicylaldehydes. Those complexes were characterized by physical methods in the solid state, as elemental analysis, vibrational infrared spectroscopy (IR), and single crystal X-Rays diffraction, and in solution, by molar conductivity, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electronic spectroscopy (UV-Vis). Properties were compared in terms of substituents in the aromatic rings and metal center. Moreover, the synthesized complexes were tested as catalysts in the oxidation of 3,5-di-tert-butylcatechol by O2, in a functional biomimetic application of Catechol Oxidase enzyme. In the second part, ruthenium(II)-pincer complex with PNP and PNS ligands derived from 2-(diphenylphosphane)benzaldehyde were synthesized and characterized by 1H and 31P NMR and single crystal X-Rays diffraction crystallography. Furthermore, those complexes were tested as catalysts in the dehydrogenation of alcohols (ethanol and isopropanol) in an AAD perspective.
A experiência do “tornar-se mãe” em mães biológicas e em mães adotivas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-11) Casarotto, Mariana; D'Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8328079351321392
For many years motherhood was a prerequisite for women to have space in societies. This condition carried with it an ambivalence, as women gained social recognition, but needed to renounce their personal desires and aspirations in the name of motherhood. Elements based on the feminist movement openednew perspectives for women's lives, as well as new possibilities for the experience of motherhood: adoption being one of them . Given that there are different motivations and ways which lead women to become mothers, it is important to understand the psychological aspects involved in this stage of these women's lives, experienced more strongly by first time mothers. The aim of the study is to evaluate psychological variables of biological and adoptive primiparous mothers during the first four months of contact with their child, in order to identify similarities and differences in the processes of becoming a mother. From a multiple-case study design, two biological primiparous mothers and two adoptive primiparous mothers, who were in the first four months of living with their child, were recruited. The mothers answered the Social Support Perception Scale (EPSUS-A), and over the period of four months completed the monthly semi-structured assessment guide and built an online experience diary The qualitative study of data obtained was done through a thematic analysis, using the Atlas.ti software. The quantitative data were analyzed through descriptive analysis and differences between different periods of data collection was analyzed by Wilcoxon test. Similarities and differences were found in the participants processes of becoming a mother. Similarities included the existence support network, feelings in general, the importance of the baby's development to build the relationship of the dyad and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mother. The differences were in relation to body changes on biological mothers, breastfeeding, and a greater perception of a support network of biological mothers when compared to adoptive mothers, who, in turn, experienced the psychological aspects related to the process of waiting for legal adoption. Thus, the study discusses that the experience of motherhood is a unique event for each woman and her experience is related to each woman's individual process, and a support network contributes throughout this process.
A influência conservadora e empresarial na perpetuação da dualidade educacional no século XXI: o processo de implementação da reforma do ensino médio no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-11) Castilho, Bianca Bardi; Nascimento, Manoel Nelito Matheus; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4486910967478337; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0332940525944518
The research analyses the new high school educational policy approved by the Provisal Measure n. 746/2016 and passed into the Law n. 13.415/2017. The objective of the study was to identify the implementation process of the High School Reform in São Paulo through the context of intensification of the neoliberalism and the push of conservative and corporate movements in the education. The research problem was to discuss how the High School Reform will be implemented in São Paulo in a context of political and economical crisis. The hypothesis was that, after the new curricular organization and the changes in academic load, the high school tends to strengthen the duality and inequality in the educational processes once it shapes the student for the job market in a precarious and excluding way. This research also argues that the new education proposal besides to perpetuate the historical division between humanist education and professional education can foster ranking inside on the state system. This study applied as methodology the dialectic materialism considering the relevance on the process of investigation to the object of research and the articulation of theory with the reality to understand the determiners. The theorical instruments were the bibliographic and documental analysis. The research showed that the application of the new high school system in São Paulo occurs through the development of three important projects: Currículo Paulista, Inova Educação and Novotec. The projects have the goal of articulating the curriculum of high school to the orientations of the Base Nacional Comum Curricular, separating the general formation and the professional education, adjusting the academic load, and emphasizing the curricular components to the socioemotional formation. These programs demonstrate the adequation process of the educational system to the neoliberal demands and the adherence to the work organization with basis in flexible accumulation.
Acepções de um currículo de Filosofia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-11) Souza, Mateus Leite de; Maamari, Adriana Mattar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5707827597161294; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1768825105514542
This dissertation, entitled "Acceptances of a Philosophy curriculum", demonstrates that there was no contribution from the curricular bases, proposed and offered by the Department of Education of the State of São Paulo (considering their reinsertion in the official curriculum of the State of São Paulo), for the development of the Philosophy discipline in the classroom. It was found that the philosophical attitude is not the main focus of the materials, which end up being an obstacle to the fulfillment of the real function of the discipline. Teaching, therefore, is characterized by the presentation of the history of Philosophy or a work with dispersed themes, with a noticeable historical devaluation and disregard for the contributions that the aforementioned area of knowledge could employ in the school environment. In addition to the devaluation carried out around the subject, there was not, even after its reconsideration in the curriculum, a positive application in the classroom, its importance being increasingly depreciated. Therefore, the intention of this study is to demonstrate how, historically, the devaluation of Philosophy occurred and how students are directly affected in their education. The bibliographical research sought references in the works of authors who believe in the significant work of the discipline in question, such as: Dermeval Saviani, Silvio Gallo, Cipriano Luckesi, Moacir Gadotti, among others. In addition to a historical presentation of the path of Philosophy in Brazil and in the State of São Paulo, which proves the devaluation and absence of the strength of the discipline, this research, through qualitative analysis of interviews provided by students, former students and managers from the public network, demonstrates the gaps left by the discipline in the training of students, with regard to the exercise of citizenship and the absence of the concepts of experience and philosophical experience, as well as other possible contributions in the school and social spheres, according to the proposals of the steering documents.
Transforme-se em você: práticas de significação em torno da diferença na publicidade de cosméticos para cabelos crespos e cacheados veiculada por mídias digitais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-11) Camargo, Karina de; Medeiros, Priscila Martins de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8021362429861754; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5045442876589087
In the past decades, we have experienced transformations that lead to investigating tensions and repositioning in the social representations. It can be highlighted, mostly, the institutionalization of affirmative politics such as the laws 10.639/03 and 12.711/12, and the increasing of the access to the internet in Brazil, marking a conjuncture in which the relations are mediated and monitored by communication platforms that affect the social and subjective relations. Starting from these changes, publicity has reformulated its strategies, even though it keeps resorting to the imaginary consolidated around the subjects and their identifications. Given this cut, this research had as general objective to analyze the practices of representation that build and/or reproduce meanings about the difference in the context of uses of digital media in Brazil. For that, it had as object the advertising strategies of the Salon Line company turned to the sale of cosmetics for curly and wavy hair that are transmitted through and by the social networking platforms on the internet. Three specific objectives were accomplished, namely: 1) to analyze how and what the company’s history builds about the curly and wavy hair in Brazil; 2) to analyze the practices of representing the differences through the identification of similarities and distances between the materials conveyed by the official page of the Salon Line brand in the social network platform Facebook and the materials conveyed by the Tô de Cacho page, of the same company; 3) to analyze how the propaganda strategy of the Tô de Cacho relates to the hair transition and to the mutual help groups in the platforms of social networking, aiming to comprehend if and how it articulates speeches specifics to these phenomena and whether it reiterates or not racialized forms of representation. This research was developed through an ethnographic approach, combined with text and image analysis, and interviews with Salon Line's interlocutors. Among the major considerations, it is highlighted that the advertising strategies have been approaching the theme of difference, understood here as built by processes of meaning negotiated in social relations and subjectivity. Such approximation has been mediated by the social networks on the internet and by the direct contact of the manufacturer with consumers, bloggers, and digital influencers who participate, somehow, in the form and content of signification practices. These, on the one hand, displace common ways of representing women and black people by mobilizing difference as experience and subjectivity to address social and subjective dimensions of care and agency practices around curly and wavy hair and, on the other hand, reproduce racialized meanings and stereotyped about these same subjects in some situations. Moreover, the message of transformation and current freedom in the current brand positioning can place political, cultural, and subjective transformations at the same level with fads and market trends. The message also coexists with the emphasis on defining the curls and hair length that refer to hegemonic models of beauty and the narrative of racial democracy.
Brasil na tela: a narrativa da nação a partir das telenovelas brasileiras e seus alcances transnacionais (1970-1985)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-11) Ruy, Luana Gabriela; Medeiros, Priscila Martins de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8021362429861754; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2202343826458496
Brazilian teledramaturgy is recognized worldwide as a reference for productions that propose a realistic style. The assumed aesthetics, therefore, demanded that the genre adapts to the demands of the public, who, in general, were interested in narratives that were based on social reality. This entire process resulted in what is now considered to be a Brazilian tipically teledramaturgy and that is marked by certain specificities. The main one refers to the political scenario, since the 1970s represents, above all for the Brazilian media, a period of authoritarianism and censorship by the military. Given this, we have as object of study the narratives about the national and, more specifically about the Racial Relations in Brazil transmitted by the Brazilian teledramaturgy between the decades of 1970 to 1980. In the analysis, we carried out the study of three soap operas produced by Rede Globo, being they: “O Bem-Amado” (1973); “Gabriela” (1975), and “Escrava Isaura” (1976). These were the first soap operas produced by the broadcaster that committed to establish dialogues with the Brazilian social reality, besides, these productions were the first to cross the national border, reaching several other countries and becoming the main diffusers of narratives about Brazil. In more specific terms, we seek to: a) Map the cultural codes narrated by Brazilian television drama between the years 1970 and 1980; b) Analyze what are the relationships between the cultural codes narrated and the national socio-political context; c) Understand to what extent the national collective imagination, specifically the idea of race and racial democracy, influenced by television drama, sought dialogues with transnational contexts. To build our reflections we use the theoretical contributions of Cultural and Post-Colonial Studies. In methodological terms, the present work consists of a documentary research, which included analysis and systematization of the novels according to the techniques of Content Analysis, seeking to categorize, among other aspects: the characteristics of black characters; their relationships in the plots; the plots in which they circulate; historical narratives; how slavery and racism are approached; and the meanings about Africa and African descent present in these materials. The research it also has a documentary survey of data on the selected novels, as well as on the internationalization process experienced by the broadcaster, obtained from searches of documentation centers such as the Arquivo Memória Globo and the Multimeios Archive (IDART). Therefore, the aesthetic turn in the productions is historically configured as a successful recipe for Rede Globo. However, we can consider that, in parallel, this so-called formula corroborates the maintenance of certain meanings, which in a certain way, dialogue directly with a discrimination structure in force in Brazilian society. The typically Brazilian language carries with it codes that have not become detached from racialized meanings about blacks in Brazil. For this reason, the present research aimed to trace this past, understanding the configuration of these cultural codes, procedurally, from the movements in which these narratives they are revisited and updated in contemporary times.