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Estudo sobre transtornos mentais e seus riscos para discentes no âmbito do ensino superior
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-22) Resende, Felipe da Costa; Fontes, Andréa Regina Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4848646681792317; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7587216013644138
Inside the university, there are many uncertainties and demands in students' daily lives, so attention and care for students' mental health become essential to form and prepare professionals for the needs of the labor market. The study aimed to focus on university-related factors that can contribute to students' mental disorders to provide solutions to improve the quality of life, avoiding hypotheses that lead to diseases and conditions that are harmful to health. For this, a case study was carried out, aided by questionnaires, and reported online. The main results indicated problems related to teaching structure, curricular grade, assessment forms, student/teacher distance, lack of welcoming environments, and psychological support and training follow-up. The conclusion showed a need for dialogued changes between professors, students, and the educational institution so that periods of difficulty do not become triggers for mental disorders, seeking a healthy environment for the university community.
Caracterização de professores de atendimento educacional especializado de uma rede municipal de ensino frente ao repertório inicial sobre recursos e sistemas de comunicação alternativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-22) Botteon, Beatriz Giordani; Lourenço, Gerusa Ferreira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1474728505225459; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9664648207555517
Alternative and Extended Communication (AEC) is an area dedicated to organizing resources and communication strategies that are essentials for non-oralized children or those with little functional speech, enabling broad participation in their daily activities. Through these resources, it is possible to include students with disabilities and communication needs in various pedagogical activities, and to expand the skills and abilities stimulated by teachers in the teaching-learning process. The objective of the study was to characterize the teachers of the Specialized Educational Service (SES), working in a Municipal Education Network, regarding their initial repertoire in relation to the Alternative Communication resources and systems. The specific objectives were to investigate the previous formative experiences carried out by teachers, practices experienced in everyday school life with this type of resource and the possible challenges encountered in the teaching-learning process of students with communicative difficulties. Twenty seven teachers of SES from an Education network of a city located in the interior of São Paulo, participated in the research through the online application of a questionnaire built for the study. After conducting the preliminary ethical procedures, the questionnaire was made available online between the months of November and December 2020 to a group of SES teachers who were starting a training course in technology resources for remote education offered by UFSCar University. The data were analyzed in a descriptive, quantitative and qualitative way. The findings identified that SES teachers still have little knowledge about AEC technologies and resources and that most have difficulties to implement in practice, but that they understand the benefits of these resources to students. It is concluded that the AEC is fundamental for the teaching-learning of the student within the school context, but for this use to be effective, the continuing education of these teachers is necessary. Therefore, it understands the power of partnerships with others as well professionals such as occupational therapists and speech therapists so that the implementation can happen in the best possible way.
A formação inicial para o trabalho de pedagogas com as artes visuais na Educação Infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-22) Cipriano, Gabriela da Silva; Lombardi, Lucia Maria Salgado dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5697508831302188; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1820449715505753
The object of this research is the initial preparation and the pedagogue's practice with the Visual Arts in Early Childhood Education. We tried to answer the question-problem “how Art education has been done in the Pedagogy course and how have the teaching practices been built in preschool regarding educational practice with Visual Arts?” Through a bibliographical research, interspersed with personal reports of my preparation and internship experiences, the work is structured as follows: in Chapter I, called “Travelled paths”, a narrative is made about the research paths and the methodological procedures. In Chapter II, which offers the entire theoretical framework of the investigation, three questions arising from the main problem question are answered: what is the panorama of the Art discipline in Pedagogy courses; what are the main relationships of Early Childhood Education with artistic languages; and what are the conditions, times, spaces, physical structure and materials that teachers have to work with the Visual Arts with children? Then there are the Final Considerations and the Bibliographic References. As a result, it was found that artistic education in the Pedagogy course is crucial and essential for: the construction of a teaching identity that approaches emancipation and critical capacity; the fight, in the field of teacher education, against conservatism and technicality; expand, in teachers education, the right of access to cultural and artistic collections built by humanity, including Afro-Brazilian, African and indigenous cultures; prepare pedagogues to work with artistic languages in Early Childhood Education, so that they feel able to plan and carry out pedagogical actions involving the arts, respecting the knowledge of different cultures, the creative dimension, the necessary integral education of children, as well as their rights to participation, exploration and construction of learning through play.
Incorporando correlações entre exemplos para classificação multirrótulo via espaço de classes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-22) Abreu, Iuri Bonna Mauricio de; Cerri, Ricardo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6266519868438512; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1633300917386082
Multi-label classification is a machine learning task where instances can be classified into two or more labels simultaneously. In this task, there exist correlations between the instances belonging to same or similar sets of labels. This work proposes the incorporation of instance correlations by modifying the multi-label datasets. The label-space was used to create new features, which represent these correlations. The original and modified datasets were used with different multi-label classification methods. Experiments have shown that the method obtained better classification results in comparison with its original datasets counterparts for most of the algorithms. All methods were evaluated with measures specifically designed for multi-label problems.
Uso da posição canguru em domicílio: percepção de mães de recém-nascidos de risco
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-22) Legnaro, Bárbara de Souza Coelho; Wernet, Monika; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6056127658896265; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8019587525098858
The kangaroo position is a care strategy indicated for children born preterm, as well as for those with low birth weight. It is one of the structuring of the Kangaroo Method, but it can be adopted in isolation. The use of position is recognized as a low-cost neonatal care technology with relevant outcomes for the child's health, survival and development, as well as favoring the parent-child bond and parenthood. Its use in Brazil is concentrated in the hospital environment, although it is also recommended for times after hospital discharge. To analyze the perception of mothers of preterm and/or low birth weight children regarding the use of the kangaroo position at home. This is a qualitative research, developed through an unstructured interview, under the references of Symbolic Interactionism and Thematic Analysis. It presents the analysis of interviews with 10 women, mothers of children born prematurely and/or underweight, who incorporated the use of the kangaroo position in their daily lives, for at least one hour a day, in line with the model's recommendations. All women resided in the Center-East region of the state of São Paulo. The themes 'Apprehensive waiting to take care of the child', 'Arrangements and feelings in using the kangaroo position' and 'Health services and faith' organize the presentation of the analysis developed. In these revealed that from the beginning of the pregnancy, when they discover it to be a risky pregnancy, the stories of loss of children previously experienced and birth unexpectedly, bring these women feelings of fear and anguish with the pregnancy outcome, but at the same time of joy and relief upon receiving the child. The kangaroo position is conceived as a proper care strategy for the child's condition, an understanding that supports their choice to use it. Social interactions are presented, especially throughout the times experienced in the child's hospitalization, which lead women to question their skills in caring for the child, as well as attributing feelings that together bring apprehension to the assumption of this care. In rooming-in there is no thematization of the kangaroo position, while in the neonatal unit it is present. During the practice of the kangaroo position at home, they perceive the benefits, with emphasis on empowerment and security for care and promoting the inclusion of the child's partner/father in it. For the use of adjustments in the family routine is a differential and having the support of the primary care network makes all the difference in the effectiveness of the pareral care and in the use of the kangaroo position, but the proximity of primary care professionals/health services is incipient to these women who demonstrate the desire for this support. the professional support in this context indicates weakness regarding the consideration of the kangaroo position in the care of these women, children and families, since the prenatal period. Nursing was mentioned in the neonatal unit and in the person of the visiting nurses, with indications that it is urgent to expand and qualify its presence and support, which makes the passage through the pueperal period to be less lonely and painful, promoting the achievement of comfort and satisfaction to these women, who have in the use of the kangaroo position a propellant.
O jornal na perspectiva semiótica: o caso do ônibus 174 e o caso Eloá
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-22) Cava, Ana Cecília dos Santos; Barros, Mariana Luz Pessoa de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4830505244404566; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7303343525764051
This work of conclusion of course aims to reflect on the passionate dimension created by the newspapers, from the analysis of the news of two events that had national repercussion, leading to the performance of all journalistic vehicles. For this, we surveyed the news about the cases in the newspaper Folha de S. Paulo and selected those that dealt with moments that we evaluated as crucial to the created narrative. The selected news were analyzed based, mainly, on the contributions of Algirdas Julius Greimas and other authors of semiotics of French origin, who are interested in the relations between the content plan and the expression plan, as well as a semiotic of affections and passions. This allowed us to realize that in both news there is exploration of the complex passion of cholera, as well as a game between objectivity and subjectivity effects, from certain uses of linguistic and semiotic resources. We hope that our work can be a contribution, on the one hand, to the semiotic studies of journalistic texts and, on the other, to contemporary society in general, since we intend to show how certain textual and discursive structures of the news are elaborated.
Simulação da dinâmica do controle de carga: controle de entrada/saída com realimentação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-22) Oliveira, Allan Freitas; Sagawa, Juliana Keiko; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6549481623896786; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9401986942296818
With the growing need for a fast response to the demand disturbances, dynamic models rise as an alternative to discrete events simulation, usually used on the application of Workload Control rules. However, applications of dynamic modeling tools, like dynamic control with feedbacks, to Workload Control models, are not explored on literature. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to model a Production Planning and Control Workload Control system which fills this gap – with the implementation of simultaneous input and output control – and analyze the system’s behavior up to demand perturbations. The order release policy (input control) is based upon the load of the machines downstream and also the load of the pool itself. The capacity adjustment of each machine (output control) is based on the level of the preceding buffer. Three simulations with demand/input fluctuation were carried out. The results show that the feedback control implemented leads the system to balance on simulations A and B, in which the buffer levels reach the reference levels and the processing frequencies stabilize. In Simulation C, the system responded to the cyclic demand disturbances with a maximum increase of 15% on the capacity adjustment. Furthermore, even with a 20% demand increase, the buffer levels didn’t vary significantly. This novel approach (closed loop) provides prescriptive directions for a more balanced and predictable shop floor, and also reactive to disturbances.
O cuidado à autolesão não suicida na percepção de adolescentes, jovens e enfermeiras: revisão sistemática de estudos qualitativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-22) Lopes, Daniela Gonsalves; Carlos, Diene Monique; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4324893981363616; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9556301091569955
Objective: Adolescence and youth are processes of human development that must be understood as singular and contextual moments. Due to the characteristics of these periods, this population may be more exposed to violence, including self-inflicted violence. Non-suicidal self-injury can be defined as a deliberate injury that results in the destruction or alteration of the person's body tissue. Regarding the care of these adolescents and young people, it is a fact that Nursing occupies a privileged place in health teams and services, being essential for the systematization of a sensitive, coherent and unique care plan for self-injury. However, the production of scientific knowledge about nursing care to this phenomenon in adolescence and youth has gaps. Considering the above, the aim of this study was to synthesize the knowledge produced by qualitative studies on barriers and facilitators for nursing care at NSSI on the perception of adolescents, young people and nurses. It was a systematic literature review, using meta-aggregation to synthesize the studies, according to the Joanna Briggs Institute. The search was conducted at the BVS, PUBMED; PUBMED PMC; CINAHL; Web of Science; PsycInfo; EBSCOhost; Scopus Preview and Embase, completed in January 2021. In addition, an evaluation of the methodological quality of the studies was carried out. Of the 1540 studies found, eleven studies were included after assessing methodological quality. After the meta-aggregation, two synthesized findings emerged and were titled “Humanized Care” and “Nurses and Services Preparation”. It became evident that this care to be efficient needs to be carried out in a humanized way, with the construction of trust. It was also identified that when carried out in non-specialized mental health units, it needs to be developed and improved. Conclusion: Nursing care for non-suicidal self-injury in adolescence or youth occurs inconsistently and unsatisfactorily for the needs of this population, based on specific actions and focused on a biomedical strategy, not providing the creation of the bond and, thus, not guaranteeing continuity of care. New studies are needed in countries with greater social vulnerability and in other social and cultural contexts, in addition to conceptual definitions of NSSI and suicidal behaviors for better performance of Nursing and health.
O impacto da invasão da braquiária (Urochloa sp.) na diversidade de formigas, no cerrado da estação ecológica de Santa Bárbara e Itirapina, sp.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-22) Bandeira, João Pedro Ferreira de Pádua; Christianini, Alexander Vicente; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2295622727813765; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0112829370411599
The invasion of African grasses is a problem in the cerrado. These exotic grasses competitively outperform native grasses and alter structural features of the habitat. One of these species, the brachiaria (Signal grass), has the ability to cause profound changes in the invaded environment, such as replacing native grasses and increasing plant biomass. Changes promoted by the brachiaria affect the insect fauna that inhabit the invaded areas, promoting changes in their populations and community composition, as well as in the ecological processes in which they participate. Our work aims to assess whether the brachiaria affects the cerrado ant communities. We compared the ant fauna in places invaded or not by brachiaria in fragments of cerrado in Itirapina and Águas de Santa Bárbara. Sampling transects were placed both in areas of native grasses and in areas invaded by the brachiaria. Pitfall traps were placed at each 20 m along the transect to sample the ants that forage on the soil surface. After sampling, we screened the samples and identified ants up to genus level. We made rarefaction curves, non-parametric tests (NMDS) and chi-square tests to compare species richness and similarity between treatments. We detected a negative impact of brachiaria on ant genres richness, which is perceptible by the greater richness of the samplings carried out in native grass, in relation to the lower richness observed in the brachiaria. Considering the ant genera, 5 genera differed between areas invaded or not. Ectatomma and Paratrechina tended to occur more in areas with brachiaria while Apterostigma, Forelius and Gnamptogenys tended to do not occur in areas with brachiaria, 22 genres were identified in this study. These results suggest a negative effect of the brachiaria on the richness of ant genres in the cerrado and an influence in certain genera of ants. A more refined taxonomic classification of ants (at the specific level) may allow further elucidation of the invasion effect. Thus, further steps should include the refinement of the taxonomic classification of the insects collected to allow reanalysis of the data at a specific level.
Seleção precoce para diâmetro em um teste de progênies de Myracrodruon urundeuva atacado por patógeno
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-22) Santos, Tainara da Silva; Moraes, Mario Luiz Teixeira de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9339164677717394; Martins, Karina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9367637840430435; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1415331026283425
Myracrodruon urundeuva (Anacardiaceae), known as “aroeira”, occurs naturally from Ceará to the Argentine Chaco and is classified as an endangered species in Brazilian and global levels. A M. urundeuva progeny test was recently diagnosed with severe damage to the trunk, showing symptoms of stem rot and high mortality due to a pathogen attack. The present work had as objectives (i) to carry out the identification of the pathogen, (ii) to quantify the level of infestation in the plantation over the years, raising a history of the area using vegetation indexes (NDVI) estimated from satellite maps and mortality data measured in the field, (iii) to determine if there is an association between the occurrence of the disease and the infestation of termites and borers observed in the planting, (iv) estimate the correlation between three ages regarding the stability of the test amidst disturbance with the increasing mortality caused by the pathogen and (v) determine the effectiveness of NDVI analysis in detecting mortality in plantations. Measurements of tree diameter and survival were made at the ages of 11, 16 and 22 years. The pathogen has been identified as Aspergillus niger causing red rot in sisal (Agave sisalana Perrine ex. Engelm). For tree diameter, the likelihood ratio test revealed that there are no significant differences among progenies at the three ages, but the heritability coefficient among progenies means for diameter ranged from median (0.32) to relatively high (0.44), indicating the possibility of genetic gain. The repeatability coefficient was medium (0.34 ± 0.03) for diameter, with a strong correlation among years, which indicates the potential for gains with an early selection. The percentages of survival at ages 11, 16 and 22 years were 95.7%, 92.1% and 86.1%, respectively. We found spatial dependence of survival among progenies, hindering the selection of resistant genotypes. The percentage of mortality obtained from NDVI was highly correlated with the mortality measured in the field, being, therefore, it is a valid and efficient method for the proposed use, besides being of low cost and easy to carry out.
Comparação entre teletrabalho e trabalho presencial: percepção de trabalhadores de empresas do ramo de serviços
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-22) Gasques, Mateus de Oliveira; Fontes, Andréa Regina Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4848646681792317; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7817666479671618
The advancement of technology has helped to make work more flexible, promoting structural changes in the way it has been performed. In this context, teleworking or home office is emerging as a strong global trend, expanding the spatial and temporal limits of organizations. We sought to understand, in this research, which are the practical and subjective effects that guide the perceptions of professionals who adhere to this work regime. Based on the experiences shared by teleworkers in the service sector, the study considered the main elements that define the personal perception of this work and compared them with what is experienced in face-to-face work. The case study was developed from semi-structured interviews, applied to 10 workers from different companies in the service sector. Based on the results, it is possible to understand a dual character of each factor that promotes the perception of this type of professional and a general preference of the interviewees for the adhesion of hybrid work regimes. The results allowed to conclude that the success in adhering to this work format is linked to the profile of both the professional and the employer.