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Contribuições da ciência da informação para o combate à disseminação de notícias falsas nas mídias sociais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-30) Marchi, Viviani Regina; Dal'Evedove, Paula Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1170937498266968; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0012532693543380
Factually incorrect information makes it difficult to communicate information in the most diverse sectors of society. Given the increase in the consumption of digital content on social media, the question is: What recommendations to combat the dissemination of false news on social media are discussed and presented by Information Science for a safe and committed librarianship with this contemporary demand. Faced with the research problem, we sought to identify strategies to combat the dissemination of false news on social media presented by the Information Science literature, aiming to provide an overview of the studies dedicated to the topic and collaborate with the dissemination of the main actions and recommendations currently adopted. To this end, an exploratory- descriptive study was conducted that combines bibliographic research to substantiate the theme and data collection on the Web of Science from research from Information Science from the period 2015 to 2020 and focusing on strategies and/or recommendations to combat fake news on social media. Data processing was based on the method of content analysis, with detailed analyzes of the 12 scientific articles selected as the research corpus. As a result, there is the use of different technological resources of fact-checking and informational control to curb the spread of false news; and approaches involving informational behavior and competence, with emphasis on an ethical and responsible performance on the part of librarians. As conclusions, there is the incipient research focused on the discussion and proposal of strategies to combat misinformation in social media, with a greater involvement of the scientific community on the subject.
Aceitação parental: mães heterossexuais com filhos LGBTs
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-30) Costa, Moisés Carvalho; D'Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1699631179532921
The scientific production about the young LGBT population has highlighted aspects of vulnerability in this population, especially associating it with risk factors for risky sexual behavior, substance abuse, or the development of depressive and anxiety symptoms, and suicide ideation/attempts. On the other hand, there are studies that highlight the role of the family as an important protective factor for these same behaviors and factors, which can even mediate the association between identifying themselves as LGBT and exhibiting suicidal behavior. However, researches that addresses families of LGBT people are scarce and often highlight intra-family violence. This study, therefore, aimed to investigate and understand the process of parental acceptance of heterosexual parents who have children who identify themselves as LGBT people. For this, virtual interviews were carried out with mothers recruited through an invitation on social networks. The collected data were transcribed and analyzed using the Atlas.ti software. The results showed the importance of acceptance in alleviating the suffering of LGBT children and the relevance of sources of support in the acceptance process experienced by mothers. It is recommended that further studies be carried out addressing the issue in order to support interventions with families of LGBT people given the social relevance of the topic.
Possibilidades de ações da gestão escolar para a inserção profissional dos professores dos anos iniciais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-30) Moretti, Vivian Maggiorini; Gama, Renata Prenstteter; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4153572041829838; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9330289427987366
The research has as object to evidence and analyze the possibilities of actions of the school management in the process of professional insertion of teachers declared by teachers of the initial years. For this, a qualitative approach research was carried out, which sought to make sense of the meaning and meaning of the messages, as it allows us to analyze human beings in their relationships with each other, with society and with nature, considering their complexity in the context of regulated subjects. For the construction of the data, a mapping of the beginning teachers of the municipal secretariat of Sorocaba-SP was carried out and a questionnaire with mixed questions was used to obtain an overview of the insertion of teachers in this public network. In order to deepen the data, we opted for semi-structured changes with early-career teachers selected from the questionnaire. An interpretive analysis considered as phases of the professional life cycle defined by Huberman (2000), as a result of teacher development and the process of insertion in the teaching career, which is composed of a peculiar initial professional phase due to the different working conditions, in addition to being considered a period of many learnings. The analysis used the data categorization technique, from a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews with beginning teachers and as theoretical bases on the beginning of the career and professional insertion of teachers (HUBERMAN, 2000; MARCELO GARCIA, 1999 and 2009; MIZUKAMI, 2000 ; TARDIF, 2014) and on school management (LIBÂNEO, 2012; PARO, 2005). Two axes were identified that show the insertion process and the contributions of managers in this early stage of their career, as well as their valuation. The first axis consisted of two categories to analyze the inclusion of teachers in the initial years surveyed. The second axis was composed of three analytical categories of possibilities for actions in school management: reception and reception, monitoring and training. The main results show that, for beginning teachers, the actions and good practices of the management team, offered to the teacher during insertion, ensure greater security in their work, even in the face of difficulties encountered in the beginning of their career.
Revisão sistemática dos instrumentos projetivos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-30) Chaguri, Maria Gabriela; Nascimento, Monalisa Muniz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9444899939943716; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2547445777026110
The objective of this article was to carry out a systematic review of the national literature, in the last 5 years, referring to scientific articles that made use of some technique, test or projective method. Therefore, a search was made in the databases SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), PePSIC (Psychology Electronic Periodicals), Index Psi, LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences) and CAPES (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel), using the terms projective tests, projective techniques and projective methods. The initial search of the databases generated a total of 82 articles, leaving, after exclusion, only 33 studies from those that did not meet the inclusion criteria and those that met the exclusion criteria related to the empirical character. The results point to a decrease in the number of articles related to the topic since 2015. It is also possible to notice that tests are more representative than projective techniques, especially inkblot tests, such as Zulliger and Rorschach. Regarding the population, it is mostly adult, not clinical or not vulnerable. The articles found here presented only two proposals for new instruments in the projective field. Finally, the data obtained in this review tends to be similar to previous researches.
Projeto Principia - Robôs na Escola: aprendizagem, desenvolvimento e cidadania
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-30) Italiano, Vinicius de Príncipe; Fernandes, Jarina Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6612611612919706; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1578961437304372
Due to their potential, digital information and communication technologies (ICT), in addition to offering entertainment content, guarantee students access to images, videos, research and information, which facilitate the understanding of specific content, contributing to their learning and knowledge. Educational Robotics has the potential to contribute so that teenagers can glimpse new horizons for the use of TDIC, engaging them in learning projects and academic insertion. The main objective of this research is to analyze elements present in the initial activities of the Principia Project: Robots at School, together with the 6th year of elementary school in a public school, in the second half of 2019, that correlate with student development. To meet this objective of this research, we count on the contributions of Vygotsky, Paulo Freire and authors focused on ICT studies and, specifically, on Robotics in Education. The methodology adopted is based on theoretical and methodological contributions from Qualitative Research, in which the researcher acted actively as a participant, taking as a basis for understanding the facts. To record the events, the techniques of unsystematic observation and the production of field diaries were used. As a result of the research, we were able to conclude the identification of five elements: Project construction; Unplugged programming; Establishing connections between different situations and areas of knowledge; Programming and control of robots and reframing instruments. Such elements contributed for students to explore new content, build new learning and use technologies more profitably to leverage their development.
Aprendizagens profissionais sobre a docência e pesquisa científica de tutoras de um programa híbrido de mentoria da UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-30) Carvalho, Brenda Karla Reis de; Reali, Aline Maria de Medeiros Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3250195451890332; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4712956217323882
This dissertation is linked to the Graduate Program in Education at the Federal University of São Carlos-UFSCar in the research group: Teacher and other Educational Agents Education. The scope of the investigation was to identify and analyze the professional apprenticeships constructed by the tutors, scholarship holders of technical training level three (TT3), from the Hybrid Mentoring Program (HMP) of UFSCar and to know processes that were related to this construction. HMP (2017-2020), the research scenario, was a teaching induction program, with funding from FAPESP, whose objective was the professional development of beginning and experienced teachers through mentoring. Mentoring can be defined as the process in which an experienced teacher, trained to be a mentor, assists teachers in the first years of professional insertion. The HMP stands out for being an investigation-intervention based on the theoretical assumptions of constructive-collaborative research; for articulating face-to-face and virtual activities and for uniting the Basic Education school and university as training spaces in order to create bridges between theory and practice. The program's virtual activities took place in the virtual learning environment Moodle. The TT3 scholarships are offered by FAPESP and their purpose is the scientific training of graduates, without failing the academic record, with the aim of training human resources for scientific research. Among the functions of tutors-TT3 in HMP it is possible to mention: the accompaniment of the mentors through feedbacks, assistance to the mentors in the accompaniment of the dyads (mentor-novice teacher), systematization and data analysis, writing of scientific articles and organization and conducting face-to-face meetings of the HMP group at UFSCar. Given the context of the research scenario and the participants, it is worth mentioning that this study was carried out with three tutors / TT3 who worked at HMP in the period of 24 months. The participants were asked to write narratives about the remarkable moments that, in their perspective, allowed the construction of learning during their experiences at HMP. The investigation was based on the qualitative approach of the exploratory type. The theoretical framework was about teaching learning, knowledge base, professional teaching development, reflection and reflective practice. Data analysis was inspired by Content Analysis techniques. The data revealed that the tutors built learning organized in two categories: I) Noteworthy moments and learning about the tutors' teaching / TT3 and II) Noteworthy Moments and Learning about Scientific Research. Among the knowledge constructed about category I, we mention: writing of formative feedback, knowledge about teacher education, training of mentors, reflection and learning from teaching, resilience, learning about the teaching modalities of Basic Education (Brazilian context). In relation to category II, we mention: knowledge related to scientific research in the field of teacher education: systematization and data analysis, written narratives in teacher education-research, characteristics of intervention-research, development of an inquiring look. The main processes that circumscribed the construction of these learnings were: the training course for tutor-TT3; the practice of tutoring; interactions between mentors, beginners, and HMP research group; and reflection in/on practice. The data indicated that the tutors / TT3 were gradually building a knowledge base similar to that of a professor, but with more specific characteristics related to the training of mentors. Also, they built knowledge related to being researchers in the field of Education
Brincando e interagindo na educação infantil: experiências de bebês no cotidiano de práticas educativas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-30) Gigioli, Maria Elisa Nicolielo; Sommerhalder, Aline; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4775432120371947; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4258533015353852
The research is based on the understanding that babies are capable of learning and that they are powerful from birth, thus, it investigates their interactions in the context of daycare based on the following questions: How do babies interact with their peers and adults when expressing themselves playing in the daycare context? How do babies interact with toys, objects, and space while playing? As a result of these questions, the research aims to identify, describe and analyze, through playing, the interactions of babies with their peers, adults, toys, objects, and space during playtime in the Nursery. We understand that children have numerous languages such as babbling, facial and body expressions, but the focus of this investigation is the language of play. Initially, a bibliographic survey was carried out to substantiate the social and scientific relevance of the research, followed by theoretical framework research whose main themes were: Emmi Pikler's approach, understanding about babies, early childhood education in Ministry documents of Education, educating, caring and playing as a function of Early Childhood Education. With a qualitative approach, the investigation was carried out in a municipal daycare center in a city in the countryside of São Paulo, with 13 babies from the Nursery I class and four educators responsible for the class. The investigation was restricted to looking at the moments of playing that occur from the availability of toys and objects to babies, by the educators. The instrument used to collect the data was the interactive observation and it was registered through video, followed by the full written transcript, with 24 transcripts referring to the 24 data collection sessions that lasted approximately 30 minutes each. The organization of the collected data was made based on content analysis. As the last stage of this analysis, the results were analyzed in the light of the theoretical framework, having as primary authors: Falk, Tardos, Tardos and Szanto-Feder, Soares, Kálló and Balog, Gonzalez-Mena and Eyer, Barbosa, Rinaldi. The results revealed that the interactions and games experienced by the babies took place in a context with no offer of qualified experiences and situations. An example of this was the organization of the space to play, which remained in the same way, with the same toys and objects, without careful observation, planning, or educational intention on the part of the educators so the babies were encouraged in their actions. Therefore, we discussed some aspects that contribute to spontaneity practices that are present in early childhood education, such as in the context of teacher education in Brazil, indicating the necessity of studies that contribute to the implementation of qualified practices in daycare centers. The research revealed the importance of providing babies with the true experience which gives opportunities for interactions and games in a challenging environment and that encourages them in their discoveries. Therefore, it is considered necessary to change educational practices with babies from 0 to 3 years to educate and transform them.
Extração e separação do carotenoide luteína através da cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-30) Soler, Maria Isabel de Carvalho; Brondi, Silvia Helena Govoni; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8181021217976278; Oliveira, Regina Vincenzi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6609377714413073; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0572511430627672
Chemistry contributes to the production of numerous fundamental products for humanity, and currently, the production of these compounds takes environmental sustainability into account, that is, it aims to use techniques and methodologies that reduce or eliminate the use of solvents, reagents, or the generation of by-products harmful to human health or the environment. Among these compounds are the carotenoids, a group of pigments that plays a fundamental role in human health, being able to highlight their effect on the immune response, intracellular communication, and the fight against diseases related to aging. Emphasis should be given to lutein, a carotenoid presents in fruits and vegetables that is used in the food industry as a dye and has a potential biological activity in the prevention of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and retinal degeneration. The natural industrial source of this carotenoid is the flowers of the marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) that have low lutein content. One of the sources for obtaining lutein and several other carotenoids are microalgae, organisms with great biotechnology potential that can be grown in controlled environments or open tanks in the presence of sunlight or artificial light. To obtain lutein through microalgae it is necessary to promote an extraction by breaking the cell wall, followed by purification. The most used extraction method is solvent extraction and because carotenoids are fat-soluble, it is common to carry out saponification to remove lipids that may interfere with their extraction with nonpolar solvents. After extraction, carotenoids are separated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Given the health benefits of lutein, associated with the potential of microalgae in the production of this carotenoid, the present project studies analytical methodologies reported in the literature for extracting lutein from microalgae. The methodologies studied involve three crucial processes: cell disruption, saponification, and extraction with an organic solvent. The methods presented by Ceron et al. (2008) and Utomo et al. (2008) report that cell disruption performed through milling results in the best lutein recovery. The saponification procedure often used in the reported studies applies an alkaline agent, such as KOH, in methanolic or ethanolic solution, and Soares et al. (2016) note that the saponification step in ethanolic solution prior to lutein extraction, offers simplification of the chromatographic profile obtained for the carotenoid mixture.
Fabricação de um circuito lock-in para a estabilização de frequência de diodo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-30) Martins, Matheus do Amaral; Teixeira, Raul Celistrino; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6108339817883159; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3924506084415003
A cold atom experiment requires lasers with stable frequencies. In this work, we fabricated and characterized a lock-in circuit for frequency stabilization of a laser diode. The principle of stabilizing a physical quantity by feedback, particularly in the lock-in system, is discussed. The fabricated circuit is discussed, and its main characteristics are measured.
Desenvolvimento de um sensor eletroquímico com nanopartículas de ouro e ftalocianina de cobre para a detecção de metais potencialmente tóxicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-30) Cuña, Leonardo José Quintero Da; Ferreira, Marystela; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4714185516263478; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5533320617294660
Using the LbL self-assembly technique, an ITO electrode was modified with gold nanoparticles stabilized with PAH and copper phthalocyanines, for the detection of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb). Using the UV-Vis technique it was possible to monitor the film growth. The FTIR technique allowed us to observe the bands corresponding to PAH (3447 cm-1 due to NH+3) and CuTsPc (1024 cm-1 due to SO-3), responsible for the growth of the film. The electrochemical behavior of the sensor was evaluated with cyclic voltammetry, using an electrolyte solution containing 5 mmol L-1 of Paraquat and 0,1 mol L-1 KCl. Evaluating the reversibility criteria, it can be seen that the redox process is almost reversible and the mass transfer from the solution to the sensor surface is by diffusion. The Square Wave Anodic Stripping technique (SWAS) allowed the detection of Cd2+ and Pb2+ ions in the concentration range of 9.9 µg L-1 to 99 µg L-1. The analytical curves show two linear growths in this concentration range reaching detection limits of 3.7 µg L-1 for Cd2+ and 9.1 µg L-1 for Pb2+. From the analysis of real samples (drinking tap water) it can be concluded that the method is sensitive in the determination of these elements and can be used in the analysis of natural water samples. In general, the films showed satisfactory responses to analytes.
O ensino de avaliação psicológica no estado de São Paulo: análise dos programas das disciplinas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-30) Salgado, Gladys; Muniz, Monalisa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9444899939943716; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9444899939943716
Psychological Assessment (PA) is a fundamental tool for psychologists and its teaching has been historically neglected. For this reason, this study aimed to characterize PA teaching in the state of São Paulo. For this purpose, the course hours’ load, course name, semester of occurrence, number of courses offered and the course contents of this psychological knowledge area were considered. 121 syllabus belonging to 33 undergraduate programs of 31 universities were analyzed. These programs offer an average of 3.7 PA courses and 249 hours’ load. The results revealed insufficient time to minimally treat the basic subjects of this knowledge field. A plurality of the courses names was also observed, a factor that indicates the lack of a common language in the area. Regarding the course contents, 18 categories of analysis were created. Psychological Tests was the most recurrent one and covered the theoretical aspects of these instruments, including psychometric characteristics. Ethics and Legislation was the second category with the highest incidence, indicating an advance. However, the results indicated the persistence of an essentially technicist training, emphasizing the application and interpretation of tests procedures that mostly investigate personality and intelligence. The research found a wide variety of psychological tests, 82 in total, in the syllabuses. The Wechsler scales and the Thematic Apperception Tests collection in PA teaching were two of those that stands out. In conclusion, many aspects of PA teaching could be transformed to achieve minimum quality criteria, conforming to the scientific guidelines of this field.
As dinâmicas da profissionalização no capitalismo informacional: identidade youtuber em disputa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-30) Siqueira, Wellington Luiz; Bonelli, Maria da Glória; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1739441747281321; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1064672527633273
YouTube was one of the biggest cultural industries on the internet in 2021. With the transformations of the web and its stabilization on platforms controlled by large companies, masses of viewers started to form, and this caused, in a way, that some people produced content regularly for these audiences. The platform had about two billion active users and its content was produced by them, who became known as youtubers. These new actors started to transmit their social identities in their videos, in a relaxed way, and with that transformed the youtuber identity, which was attributed to them, in their occupation, as they became visible and produced videos in search of income and visibility. They are the focus of this research. What meanings did these subjects attribute to the youtuber identity and at what moments did they identify with it and mobilize it in their trajectories? How did they call themselves and what occupational dynamics emerged from this mobilization? How did these subjects suture their occupational identifications to that identity? The hypothesis of this research is that the youtuber identity, due to the time that the subjects devoted themselves to it and the income they received, gradually became an occupation for its practitioners, focused on converting visibility into gains in an unequal reward distribution platform. The general objective of the work is to understand, from the identifications of these subjects, the extent to which they approached or distanced themselves from that specific point of identification, the youtuber identity, and how these dynamics occurred in the delimitation of the identity boundaries between the subjects regarding the incipient occupation they shared. In the fieldwork, carried out between 2018 and early 2020 in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, mixed methodological resources were used, combining qualitative field observations, face-to-face interactions, with the help of in-depth interviews, and online fieldwork, adding it with secondary data from the platform itself about the subjects and their numbers. This data was partially analysed using the Atlas.ti 8 data analysis software. In unequal conditions, the subjects developed their own culture of content creation to deal with the daily problems of their new work and looked for creative ways to convert visibility in income, using their social identities as differentials in this competitive market to become attractive to audiences and the market, and to produce sufficient autonomy of the platform and its rules to follow with their media projects about themselves.
Um estudo sobre wavestrap
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-30) Gremes, Kaê da Silva; Moura, Maria Sílvia de Assis; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9410151859448447; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8120851517975522
Wavelets are basis of function spaces that can be used to represent both continuous (functions) and discrete (sequences) signals; wavelets study gained great notoriety after the work of Daubechies, who developed a wavelet family with compact support (DAUBECHIES,1988). Also in the second half of twentiest century the great advances in computer processing allowed the emergence of various computation intensive methods, such as bootstrap (EFRON, 1979). One of the key assumptions to use bootstrap is that the sample elements are not correlated, generally that is not a characteristic found in time series analysis. This study presents a review on wavestrap: a technique that joins both wavelet analysis and bootstrap resampling. By applying bootstrap to the wavelet transform coeficients we can generate samples that retain roughly the same characteristics of the original signal. We also analyze other nonparametric con fidence intervals based on bootstrap for estimating the fi rst autocorrelation of fi rst order autorregressive processes.
Características sociodemográficas e fatores emocionais em idosas com e sem dor crônica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-30) Donatti, Ariel; Pavarini, Sofia Cristina Iost; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1983620301963081; Inouye, Keika; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7558935747100052; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9024082192837346
The population aging process brings with it the phenomenon of the feminization of old age, that is, the prevalence of females among the elderly. Chronic pain and emotional factors such as hope, stress and depression affect the quality of life of a significant portion of elderly women, due to the social and cultural context together with biological and psychological issues, making them an important topic of study. Therefore, this study aimed to verify if there is an association between chronic pain, sociodemographic characteristics and emotional factors in community elderly women. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study, based on the quantitative research method. A sample of elderly women aged 60 years or over registered in the areas covered by the Family Health Units in the city of São Carlos-SP (n=243) was analyzed. For data collection, the following were used: Elderly Characterization Sheet, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Herth Hope Scale (EEH) and Multidimensional Pain Assessment Scale (EMADOR). Comparative groups consisted of: (a) Group that presented chronic pain (n=151) and (b) Group that did not present chronic pain (n=92). The elderly women in the sample had a mean age of 68.94 years. There was a predominance of elderly women with little education, married, white, Catholic, practicing a religion, retired, with low income and considered insufficient to meet their needs and who did not have health insurance. The mean score of depressive symptoms in the group with chronic pain was 4.63 points (Md=4.00; SD = 3.05) and in the group without chronic pain it was 2.74 points (Md=2.00; SD = 2.18). The mean stress score in the group with chronic pain was higher – 21.07 points (Md=20.00; SD = 10.2) when compared to the group without chronic pain – 16.73 points (Md=16.00; SD = 8.60). The mean score of hope in the group with chronic pain was 40.33 points (Md=41.00; SD = 5.72) and in the group without chronic pain it was 42.36 points (Md=44.00; SD = 4 46). The difference in the means of the groups was statistically significant for all emotional variables (p<0.05). It is concluded that there is an association between chronic pain and emotional factors in elderly women in the community. The group of elderly women without chronic pain had less depressive symptoms, lower levels of stress and higher hope when compared to the group of elderly women with chronic pain. The results of this study indicate that the treatment of chronic pain should also include depressive and stress symptoms, as well as providing means for the person to have positive perspectives for the future and to improve their hope.
O Programa Ensino Integral e a Nova Gestão Pública: intensificação dos mecanismos de gestão e regulação de escolas estaduais paulistas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-30) Silva, Abel José da; Ramos, Géssica Priscila; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2573340489166336; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9260256534531753
This work is affiliated with the State, Politics and Human Formation research line of the Post- Graduate Program in Education at the Federal University of São Carlos, aligned with the research and theorizing objectives that involve, among others, public policies and school institutions and the realization and belonging contradictions. In this sense, this work has as its object of study the intensification of the management and regulation mechanisms of the Integral Education Program (PEI). Strategy to expand school hours contained in the Integral Education pillar of the São Paulo Education-Commitment Program (PECSP). This program has centralized several educational policies aimed at the state public education system in São Paulo since the publication of Decree No. 57.571/2011. The Integral Education Program (PEI) was instituted by the state government of São Paulo since 2012, through LC's nº 1.164/2012, Law nº 1.191/2012 and regulated by Decree nº 59.354/2013, with the purpose of increasing results in the indices and qualitative indicators of student learning in their schools. To this end, the Program focuses on changes that encompass school management, curriculum and teaching work, bringing together in this process managerial mechanisms from the private business sphere to the school units of the state teaching network of PEI. Based on this context, it was defined as the objective of this work to identify and analyze the intensification of the management and regulation mechanisms arising from the New Public Management inserted in the schools of the Integral Education Program, from the study of its political-ideological foundations and its structure and functioning. This study is based on bibliographic and documentary analysis of the Program, focusing on the management and regulation mechanisms of the São Paulo state school inserted by the state with the PEI, based on the following categories of analysis: Subjects and their roles in the PEI; Contracting process; Control, evaluation and professional performance mechanisms in PEI. It was observed from the work that the PEI uses as foundation the managerial model of management disciplined by the NGP and the economistic logic for its educational offer, under the determinations arising from the general guidelines of the reorganization of the public school system in São Paulo as administrative rationalization ( autonomy and computerization, for example), financial (deconcentration, decentralization of resources and competences, for example) and pedagogical (school flow and single curriculum, for example), present in this cycle of psdbist administrations in the government of the state of São Paulo.
Taxonomic and biotechnological potential assessment of microbial diversity on photovoltaic panels surfaces in a tropical environment
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-30) Moura, Juliane Brittez de; Delforno, Tiago Palladino; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8149468011291406; Duarte, Iolanda Cristina Silveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2626035341263254; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7737253167379106
Photovoltaic panels can be colonized by a highly diverse microbial diversity, despite life threatening conditions. Although they are distributed worldwide, the microorganisms living on their surfaces have never been profiled or bioprospecting in tropical regions from an ecological point of view. In this work, photovoltaic panels from two cities in southeast Brazil, Sorocaba and Itatiba, were investigated using culture-independent, culture-dependent techniques and literature review to search for preliminary evidences of the colonization process and biotecnological potential. Results showed that, despite significant differences in microbial diversity (p < 0.001), the taxonomic profile was very similar for both photovoltaic panels, dominated mainly by Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota and lower amounts of Cyanobacteria phyla. A predominance of Hymenobacter and Methylobacterium Methylorubrum was observed at the genus level. Moreover, we identified a common core composed by Hymenobacter, Deinococcus, Sphingomonas, Methylobacterium Methylorubrum, Craurococcus-Caldovatus, Massilia and Noviherbaspirillum sharing genera. Predicted metabolisms focused on specific genes associated to radiation and desiccation resistance, and pigments, were detected in members of the common core and the most abundant genera. The photovoltaic panels surfaces displayed cultivable and pigmented colonies growing in a wide range of temperatures. We identified the isolated strains as Arthrobacter koreensis, Dermacoccus nishinomiyaensis, Gordonia sp., Kocuria sp., Microbacterium hydrotermale, Mycolicibacterium aurum, Verrucosispora qiuiae, Pseudomonas coleopterorum, Psychrobacter sp., Serratia nematodiphila, Sphingomonas paucimobilis, Hymenobacter flocculans, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Rhodotorula sp. In the literature documentation, most of these strains, or at least their closest relatives, were described as tolerant or resistant to UV light, desiccative conditions and biofilm capability, all being important adaptation mechanisms to thrive and engage the colonization process on photovoltaic panels surfaces. Moreover, a wide range of biotechnological applications was discussed, reinforcing the finding that photovoltaic panels are a repository of biotechnological interest.
Egressos do sistema prisional no mundo do trabalho: estudo sobre as potencialidades e limites da reinserção
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-30) Fernandes, Ana Júlia Nociti Lopes; Scopinho, Rosemeire Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4770451465556845; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3736381802776706
The research aimed to understand the impacts of the search for reinsertion in the labor market on the subjectivity of ex-prisoners. Therefore, we defined as an empirical field a Non-Governmental Organization, located in São Carlos-SP, whose objective is to help inmates and ex-convicts, as well as their families, who are looking for work. From systematic observation of the place, carried out weekly for a period of 1 year, it was possible to perceive a discontinuous and varied flow of subjects, many in search of work for a few months or years, who lived from informal and spontaneous work. From then on, we raised the following questions: what are the legal provisions and policies that regulate institutions for the protection of ex-prisoners? How does the ONG's daily life work? What is the trajectory and what are the work experiences lived by the graduates before entering the prison system? What is the centrality of work in these people's lives? What are the paths and difficulties encountered by the graduates in this process? And if and how the difficulty of reinsertion in the labor market affects the subjectivity of these subjects? Thus, this final report refers to the following activities: conducting interviews with graduates, in addition to monitoring the NGO's daily life and bibliographic and documental survey, referring to the topic, the legislation that supports these subjects and the way the institution is organized and analysis of the information collected. We could see a certain coherence of the reality found with the available literature on the subject, both in relation to the profile of the subjects and their difficulties, and we were able to add about the impacts that unemployment associated with stigma had on this population, through depressive and of helplessness, as well as feelings of worthlessness. It is necessary to point out that the interviews were interrupted due to the social isolation imposed by the covid-19 pandemic. The report was divided into 5 chapters. The first consists of an introduction to the topic with a presentation of research on the subject, in addition to the use of classics for theoretical support, and the justification for the thematic choice and the relevance of the project. The second chapter is aimed at a bibliographical survey that characterizes how the theme has been researched in Brazil in the last 20 years. The third focuses on characterizing the studied institution. The fourth deals with the results, and the fifth with conclusions and discussions, raised from an empirical study and theoretical basis.
Consumo e efeitos da pornografia, práticas sexuais violentas e desigualdade de gênero
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-30) Angeloni, Talissa de Assis; Brino, Rachel de Faria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0235133592567485; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4446800248530040
This study presents a theoretical-conceptual discussion about the issues that permeate the consumption of pornography. This is a theoretical study carried out through bibliographic research of specialized literature with the aim of conceptualizing pornography, presenting how it came about and its popularization process on the Internet, describing the phenomenon of gender-based violence and point out the possible association and predilection with pornography, identifying the direct effects on the viewer of sexually explicit content and on society, as well as proposing reflections and discussions on ways of intervention that seek gender equity and mitigation of violence against women. The article selection was made through a search for keywords related to the mentioned topics in research databases such as Periódicos Capes, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Periódicos Eletrônicos de Psicologia (PePSIC) and Behavioral and Brain Science Research. Studies by authors from national and international literature were analyzed, with a greater presence of foreign articles due to the lack of more in-depth Brazilian research on pornography, which highlights the need for more attention to the topic, as the absence of research limits the construction of political and social proposals in the territory.
As antinomias do ensino de filosofia: caminhos e possibilidades para o seu ensino à luz da literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-30) Costa, José Luiz; Oliveira, Paula Ramos de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1788063551247254; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6225556424737231
This dissertation presents an analysis of the teaching of philosophy in Brazil, which seeks to identify the course of teaching this discipline under the legislation that regulates Brazilian education and the ways in which public policies address this issue, which is addressed in all legislation with entirely skewed ideological orientations. The teaching of philosophy itself is also the subject of this work, which addresses some contributions on the teaching of philosophy, reading different authors who have dealt with this theme, showing that thinking about the teaching of philosophy is already an eminently philosophical task, which leads us to a long but fruitful debate, demonstrating possibilities of various forms of teaching the subject in focus. The objective of this work is to demonstrate that one of the possibilities of teaching philosophy is in the relationship it establishes with literature and vice versa. Therefore, we sought to bring the student closer to philosophy through reading literary texts within the youth category, which in theory presents itself as a more pleasurable type of reading. What could be seen in practice is that students become more interested in philosophy when they realize that it is dealing with issues that are so close to them.
Introdução ao planejamento de experimentos (Design of Experiments, DoE): conceitos básicos e aplicações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-06-30) Hilário, Felipe Ferri; Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
Experiment design is a technique of experimental planning and data treatment that aims to properly visualize how the variables of an experiment affect the response. Through this technique it is possible to predict what should be the best experimental condition for a given experiment. This work aims to introduce the concept of experimental design, as well as describe how the technique is applied. From the preparation of an experimental design to the processing of data and interpretation of the results obtained. Initially, the theoretical concepts of the technique and the calculations necessary for a correct data treatment will be discussed. Finally, examples from the literature will be shown. The first example deals with an application in forensic chemistry and the second example deals with an application in an environmental study of soil pollution by Lead due to the disposal of electronic material. At the end of the reading, the reader should be able to apply the concepts presented here and interpret the results obtained. Thus, the work presented here should work as a tutorial for those interested in the subject.