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Efeito da interação de Trissolcus basalis e Telenomus podisi (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) na efetividade do controle biológico de Euschistus heros (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-07)
Bon, Victor José
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Montoya, Carolina Reigada
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5171685489598372
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3324086712238687
Telenomus podisi and Trissolcus basalis are two important parasitoids used as biological control agents for the brown soybug, Euschistus heros. The interaction between these parasitoid species at the field, however, can result in different effectiveness of pest control, depending on the density of the species present and the conditions in which the species find their hosts at the field. This study aimed to analyze the effects of the complexity of interactions that can arise when two parasitoid species interact directly or indirectly during the foraging by E. heros eggs. Through experimental scenarios, the effects of intra and interspecific competition were evaluated in two moments: (i) during simultaneous exploration of parasitoids, that is, when female parasitoids compete directly for non-parasitized eggs and (ii) during sequential exploration of parasitoids, when femeles have found some already parasitized eggs among the available host´s eggs, resulting in offspring competition inside of host egg. In this scenario, female´s behavior was observed for 35minutes, allowing to evaluate the frequency of ovipositions in parasitized eggs. The effects of different type and time of competition interactions between parasitoides on the parasitism rates, viability and emergence patterns of the offspring were evaluated. For simultaneous exploration of parasitoids, the best scenario for control with high rates of emergence rates occurred when T. podisi was the only parasitoid species present in the system. In the presence of T. basalis, the rates of parasitism remained high only when T. podisi was also present, although the emergence rates has been considerably reduced due to multiparasitism. In sequential exploration of parasitoids, T. podisi showed higher rates of parasitism and emergence of offspring due to the greater ability to discriminate eggs previously parasitized by conspecifics. In this scenario, the offspring of the previous parasitism were more successful, however, the competitive interactions inside of eggs led to changes in the patterns of the emergence of the species, as well as the high mortality of the offspring. The type of competition present in parasitoid populations and the time in which it occurs (simultaneous or sequentially) can have direct impact on the effectiveness of short and long-term pest control.
Recursos terapêuticos utilizados por fisioterapeutas brasileiros no alívio da dor do trabalho de parto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-07)
Gonçalves, Alessandra de Campos
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Beleza, Ana Carolina Sartorato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4139635204538357
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Liebano, Richard Eloin
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1397951221512127
The parturition process is defined as an approach to labor and birth that maximizes the inherent strength and physiology of the woman and fetus, refraining from interventions unless the well-being or safety of both is at risk. There is recognition that pain in labor needs to be relieved, as it can negatively impact both the mother and the fetus. To alleviate pain during the parturition process, pharmacological and non-pharmacological resources are available. We sought to identify the therapies and non-pharmacological resources used by Brazilian physiotherapists to relieve the pain of women in the parturition process. This is a cross-sectional study, using an online questionnaire. Data on the characteristics of study participants and information on the choice of using interventions for pain relief in parturients were collected through an online questionnaire. A descriptive analysis was performed using frequency values (absolute and relative). An association test was also performed between sociodemographic variables and therapies and non-pharmacological resources used for pain relief during the parturition process. One hundred and fourteen physiotherapists working in the field of Obstetrics participated in the study. Among the therapies and resources covered in the questionnaire, it is interesting to note that device-assisted kinesiotherapy was selected by all participants. In addition, we also observed that specialists in Physiotherapy in Women's Health through the CERTAME (COFITO/ABRAFISM) recommend aromatherapy less than professionals without this title (p = 0.008). Brazilian physiotherapists choose to use non-pharmacological therapies and resources for pain relief during labor and delivery that are within the scope of the physiotherapist's practice Kinesiotherapy with the aid of devices is the most used by physical therapists to relieve pain during the parturition process.
“Não nasci rodeada de livros, e sim, rodeada de palavras”: experiências de mulheres negras na UFMS
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-08)
Sousa, Nayhara Almeida
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Medeiros, Priscila Martins de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8021362429861754
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3323228102929152
This research aims to understand sociologically the meanings produced by black women, from their experiences as students in undergraduate courses at UFMS, in the period between 2013 and 2018. With this, we seek to interpret the multiple subjective and social effects of these experiences from the context of the implementation of national policies of affirmative action and Law 12.711, 2012. The law, which became known as the "Quotas Law", made it mandatory to adopt quotas with criteria of school origin (public school), race, and income in all federal universities and federal institutes of technical high school education in the country. With the approval of the "Quotas Law", the Brazilian State consolidated and unified what was already a reality in a large part of the public universities, which had been adopting some kind of affirmative action policy since the previous decade. In the case of the UFMS experience, our specific objectives are: a) To understand how black students build their individual and collective experiences of agency within the UFMS. b) To analyze how the UFMS has implemented actions for student access and permanence, within the scope of Law 12.711/2012, with emphasis on its reflections on black women quota holders. This qualitative and exploratory research was conducted through documentary and bibliographic research and interviews to capture the students’ living experiences. Our theoretical and methodological approach is based on the contributions of Postccolonial Studies, Cultural Studies, Black Feminist Epistemology, Cultural Studies and Black Feminist Epistemology.
Modelagem matemática para sínteses enzimáticas de biossurfactantes catalisadas por lipases imobilizadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-08)
Torres, Alice de Carvalho Lima
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Sousa Júnior, Ruy de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1983482879541203
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3634638433614642
Enzymatic reactions of esterification of fatty acids with carbohydrates generate biosurfactants, products with high capacity to reduce surface and interfacial tensions, applicable mainly in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Mathematical modeling, in turn, can be a useful tool, in its different approaches, for the simulation and optimization of enzymatic processes. Thus, this work was carried out in three distinct steps and aimed at the mathematical modeling of enzymatic processes to produce biosurfactants, making use of the application of phenomenological (semi-mechanistic), neural and fuzzy approaches. The phenomenological kinetic model of Ping Pong Bi Bi was fitted to experimental data. For this, kinetic data of the production of biosurfactants by esterification of oleic and lauric acids with fructose and lactose, using immobilized lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB-IM-T2-350) and lipase from Pseudomonas fluorescens (PFL) immobilized on octyl-silica (silanized with octyltriethoxysilane), provided by LabEnz-UFSCar, were used. The classic Levenberg-Marquardt parameter fitting method was applied, resulting in a good correspondence between the proposed model and the experimental data. For validation of the semi-mechanistic model, a new set of experimental data was used, showing excellent predictive capacity of the model. Then, neural kinetic models were built using experimental data of enzymatic esterification of xylose with oleic and/or lauric acids, performed using the biocatalyst CALB-IM-T2-350 and CALB derivatives immobilized on Silica Magnetic Microparticles (SMMPs) with octyl groups (CALB-SMMP-octyl) or with octyl groups plus glutaraldehyde (CALB-SMMP-octyl-glu). Using Matlab Neural Network Toolbox, five artificial neural networks (ANNs) were trained, one for each type of biocatalyst and acid, obtaining R-squared values greater than 0.97. As a last effort in neural modeling, two ANNs were fitted (for two of the biocatalysts), each one of them already incorporating, in its inputs, an option referring to the type of acid. The R-squared values, above 0.98, also showed good predictability. Finally, modeling by fuzzy inference systems was studied, using the Neuro Fuzzy Designer tool from ANFIS (Adaptive Network-Based Fuzzy Inference System) of Matlab. Fuzzy models were built for each of the three biocatalysts under study (CALB-IM-T2-350, CALB-SMMP-octyl and CALB-SMMP-octyl-glu), considering as input linguistic variables the type of acid, temperature, reaction time and substrate molar ratio to predict the conversion of the esterification process. Gaussian membership functions and linear output functions were used, in a Takagi- Sugeno’s fuzzy approach. The parameters were fitted by a hybrid parametric optimization method. The results showed that the fuzzy model outputs were very close to the targets, with RMSE values below 0.006. To demonstrate the potential of fuzzy modeling to optimize processes, response surfaces were built for the conversion of xylose as a function of different operating conditions. The fuzzy surfaces indicated that higher values of conversion are reached after 45h of reaction, at temperatures above 50°C and at RMS of 1:0.2 (acid:sugar). Thus, the present work explored, in a broad way, all the capability of mathematical modeling, under different approaches, in the study of enzymatic production of biosurfactants.
Processos pioneiros de diferenciação socioespacial urbana no oeste paulista: o caso de São Carlos (1880-1914)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-08)
Volante, João Pedro
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Truzzi, Oswaldo Mário Serra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5005536921435787
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9498255413322803
During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the countryside of São Paulo underwent a series of changes resulting from the coffee economy, including: mass immigration, the official Abolition of Slavery (1888) and the pre-urbanization, responsible for characterizing cities as they are today. Due to these historical and economic facts, cities like São Carlos/SP received different groups of people - due to their ethnicity, race, class and occupation -, responsible for occupying the space of a nascent city in different regions according to their social differences. In view of this, this study aimed to investigate, from historical documents, the genesis of social differentiation processes associated with spatial characteristics in the city of São Carlos/SP from 1880 to 1914, due to the end of abolition and the large influx of foreign migrants to the cities there seems to have been a population differentiation within the streets and neighborhoods, due to these differences between the individuals who produce the urban space, modify it and are linked to it. Therefore, we sought to understand, from censuses, tax collection books and maps, issues related to population differentiation in the streets and neighborhoods as a reflection of the socioeconomic profiles of the population. Data were collected from historical documents from the collections of the Fundação Pró-Memória de São Carlos and the Unidade Especial de Informação e Memória (UEIM) at the Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar). In the end, all the documentation was cataloged based on a documental analysis and a georeferencing software was used to develop cartographic representations of the social differences found.
Sequência didática como instrumento para a possível promoção do desenvolvimento do engajamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-08)
Gomes, Aline Aparecida Miranda
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Julio, Josimeire Meneses
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8805879632103815
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5621931077604056
Engagement is a multifaceted construct and its study seeks to trace ways to improve the teaching-learning process. For this, it analyzes the student's development and their interactions with school and pedagogical activities, thus observing facilitating actions for its promotion, as well as their contributions and possibilities for development. The present qualitative, descriptive and bibliographical research, delimited by the question: “How to build a didactic sequence in the teaching of Natural Sciences that is supported by the construct of engagement considering the analysis of a corpus of selected academic works?”. This analysis will be done through the assumptions of the theoretical framework of Content Analysis proposed by Bardin (2011). As a contribution of this research, the construction of a didactic sequence in science education addressing the microorganism content will be carried out and intends to promote knowledge about the engagement construct and activities that promote its evidence.
Vozes indígenas: entre apagamentos, estigmas e resistências - discursos midiáticos da região Norte do Brasil sobre povos e lideranças indígenas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-09)
Rubim, Deyse Silva
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Piovezani Filho, Carlos Félix
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1677609008094603
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5523428767916746
In order to understand the meanings arising from the media circulation referring to indigenous voices in the northern region of Brazil, we analyze the interfaces of the discourse with the different manifestations emerging in the traditional press, alternative press and social networks. How and when the voices of indigenous people are presented or not by the media from the 1990s to the present. To this end, the clippings that make up the corpus of this study were taken from the newspaper (printed and digital) A Crítica, from the journalistic agency Amazônia Real and from the social network Facebook. The hypothesis was raised that media discourses in the Northern Region in the 90s, consist of silences that corroborate the idea of tutelage (control and power), making indigenous re-democratization invisible through the erasure of these voices. In contrast to this, in the 2000s, indigenous voices began to have a place in the digital press, more specifically, in the alternative press. There are voices to consolidate the resistance process historically marked by conflicts of exclusion, in this way, indigenous female leaders are also inscribed in discursive practices. In addition, social networks function as a space for the legitimacy of voices and the articulation of indigenous movements. However, despite the protagonism of the indigenous people in political and social mobilizations, the preservation of old memories that produce silences and stigmas, and transformations, above all, with the resistant appropriation of an ephemeris and technologies conceived by non-indigenous people continue to reproduce the prejudice discourse until today. In this sense, the general objective of the research was to identify the relations of discourse and power in media representations from the 90s to the present. For this, some specific objectives were established that guided the research: i) to analyze the heterogeneity of the discourse and the discursive memory with regard to the erasure of the indigenous voices in the media discourses; ii) understand how some linguistic markings corroborate the stigmatization and silencing of indigenous people in the discourse; iii) describe the process of enrolling the voices of female leaders in discursive practices. The theoretical and methodological assumptions that support this research are those of Discourse Analysis of French orientation, with which we propose to analyze how the media from the 90s until today, examining its function as a kind of spokesperson who (re)says the sayings of the indigenous people or, in certain moments, barely presents them as protagonists of their actions. Therefore, in return for a greater conservation of discriminatory discourses, based on mobilizations to guarantee their rights and supported by cultural dynamics that allowed access to different forms of communication, today, the indigenous people (leaders, women and young people) take the floor, they assume their place of representative speech and occupy legitimate spaces in Brazilian society.
Exegese, corporeidade e mortalidade no Leviatã de Thomas Hobbes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-09)
Santana, Luiz Felipe Sousa
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Hirata, Celi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6347404660282248
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7022655532430217
On his attempt to set up the principle for a science of civil or political bodies in Leviathan (1651), Thomas Hobbes (1588- 1679) justifies his biblical exegesis pointing out, before all, that the Sacred Scriptures “are the outworks of the enemy, from whence they impugn the civil power”. Through the separated essences’ or immaterial substances’ doctrines, which deceiving philosophers say that are proclaimed in the Scriptures, the human race is conducted to harm the original pact that ensures the civil obedience to their respective sovereignty in a superstitious way. However, this is not the consequence drawn from the “Malmesbury’s monster” ambition in training the revelated word of God, and religion in general, to enforce the claims of a secular and mundane State. Both his political philosophy and his philosophia prima are guided by his radical reduction of the reality into moving bodies. His entire exegetical exercise sits on the equalization of all substances as bodies, which does not spare even the ineffable Creator.
Contribuição ao estudo do comportamento estrutural de terças pré-fabricadas em concreto protendido sem armadura transversal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-12)
Alvarenga Junior, Luiz Carlos de
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Ferreira, Marcelo de Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4199122391532470
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4913324300033555
Purlins are thin beams made without transverse reinforcement and are used in the roofing of precast warehouses. The object of study of this research, were precast concrete purlins, which had been produced by a company in the region of São Carlos - SP, and intended for the work already completed. However, these elements presented large deformations, causing visual discomfort in the occupants of the building, as a result, a system of semi-rigid connection through metal plates was adopted by the company. Because they are produced without the use of transverse reinforcement, and the Brazilian standards do not make prescriptions regarding the calculation of the shear force of prestressed purlins, this research was based on NBR 9062:2017, which allows parts of the project to be performed based on tests. Therefore, this work aimed to contribute to the study of the structural behavior of roof purlins, based on the existing database, the tests showed that the failure mode occurred near the diagonal tensile mechanism, and the expression that best describes this result is the EN1168. To evaluate the effectiveness of the connection proposed by the manufacturer, we chose to use non-destructive testing in a factory environment. The connection model adopted by the company proved to be satisfactory, and can be characterized as a semi-rigid connection with restriction factor αr = 0.30, but due to the limitations found in the factory, it was not possible to conduct the tests until failure, so it is not possible to say whether the connection maintains this behavior outside the elastic range.
Epidemiology, biodiversity, and technological trajectories in the Brazilian Amazon: from malaria to Covid-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-13)
Codeço, Cláudia Torres
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Dal'Asta, Ana Paula
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Rorato, Ana Claudia
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Lana, Raquel Martins
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Neves, Tatiana Campos
The Amazon biome is under severe threat due to increasing deforestation rates and loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services while sustaining a high burden of neglected tropical diseases. Approximately two thirds of this biome are located within Brazilian territory. There, socio-economic and environmental landscape transformations are linked to the regional agrarian economy dynamics, which has developed into six techno-productive trajectories (TTs). These TTs are the product of the historical interaction between Peasant and Farmer and Rancher practices, technologies and rationalities. This article investigates the distribution of the dominant Brazilian Amazon TTs and their association with environmental degradation and vulnerability to neglected tropical diseases. The goal is to provide a framework for the joint debate of the local economic, environmental and health dimensions. We calculated the dominant TT for each municipality in 2017. Peasant trajectories (TT1, TT2, and TT3) are dominant in ca. fifty percent of the Amazon territory, mostly concentrated in areas covered by continuous forest where malaria is an important morbidity and mortality cause. Cattle raising trajectories are associated with higher deforestation rates. Meanwhile, Farmer and Rancher economies are becoming dominant trajectories, comprising large scale cattle and grain production. These trajectories are associated with rapid biodiversity loss and a high prevalence of neglected tropical diseases, such as leishmaniasis, Aedes-borne diseases and Chagas disease. Overall, these results defy simplistic views that the dominant development trajectory for the Amazon will optimize economic, health and environmental indicators. This approach lays the groundwork for a more integrated narrative consistent with the economic history of the Brazilian Amazon
Avaliação da anomalia da teoria de nucleação clássica em vidros silicatos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-13)
Ramírez Acosta, María Helena
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Zanotto, Edgar Dutra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1055167132036400
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7314093467530639
Under some conditions, the Classical Nucleation Theory (CNT) provides a good description of the temperature dependence of the experimental homogeneous nucleation rates in supercooled liquids. Allegedly, however, it strongly overestimates the experimental nucleation rates below the temperature of maximum nucleation (𝑇_max ~ 𝑇_𝑔, glass transition temperature), configuring the so-called nucleation anomaly. This apparent discrepancy has been associated with some hypothesis related to thermodynamic and diffusional parameters. However, a definitive explanation about the origin of this issue is still open, since some of the hypotheses raised cannot explain it, while others are limited to theoretical analysis without experimental verification. In this thesis, we evaluate the alternative hypothesis that the CNT anomaly can be due to an experimental artifact, which leads to the underestimation of the experimental nucleation rates below 𝑇_𝑔. This hypothesis is based on the fact that the CNT is only valid when the analyzed system reaches a stationary regime. To validate or refute this hypothesis, Li2Si2O5, and BaSi2O5 glasses were chosen as model systems. The study was conducted through the implementation of heat treatments above and below the 𝑇_𝑔 of these glasses. In particular, the heat treatments below 𝑇_𝑔 were considerable extended and examined by a steady-state criterion. Also, viscosity and growth rates were used as alternative proxies for the nucleation diffusion coefficient. Additionally, the possible influence on the nucleation rates of factors as the chemical homogeneity, water content, and thermal history of the glasses were evaluated. The results not only validate the proposed hypothesis, but also offer new experimental evidence supporting recent studies that suggest the interdependence between the structural relaxation and the nucleation process, as the fundamental origin of the alleged CNT anomaly.
A abordagem da interdisciplinaridade nos livros didáticos de ciências do PNLD 2020
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-14)
Gama, Eydher Floriano Pereira Eleutério
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Julio, Josimeire Meneses
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8805879632103815
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7479069837679495
The term interdisciplinarity is used in several contexts in our society, among these contexts, we have the area of education and teaching materials. In the educational context, we find the approach of interdisciplinarity in an epistemological, methodological or educational conception. In this work, we seek to identify and discuss the interdisciplinary concepts of the five textbook collections, indicated by PNLD 2020, in the discipline of natural sciences, elementary school – final years. They present in their material, trying to answer the question: "How do natural science textbooks approach interdisciplinary work and what concept of interdisciplinarity is adopted? We use as a methodology, the documental qualitative analysis, because the textbooks deal with written materials, they can be characterized as documents. We analyzed the teacher's manual in the book, the activities identified as interdisciplinary and the guidelines given to teachers for carrying out the activities. The results showed that although we have interdisciplinarity with epistemological, methodological or teacher training approaches, in the collections we find only the focus of the methodological design on interdisciplinary activities, in addition to the existence of some activities presented as interdisciplinary, but which actually have characteristics of activities multidisciplinary.
Ensino de língua espanhola para idosos: mapeamento de pesquisas realizadas no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-14)
Bianchi, Leticia Silva
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Gregolin, Isadora Valencise
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015869228676997
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7168352506573734
This investigation was characterized as an exploratory study, which seeks to map previous research on Spanish language teaching and learning contexts for the elderly people in Brazil, seeking to identify them, characterize them and understand their specificities. We assume that the teaching of foreign languages to the third Age has very unique characteristics, as it is a context in which learning needs are different from the contexts for which, in general, the curriculum and teaching materials of regular schools and of languages are thought (mainly work and tourism). One of our hypotheses was that the main motivation of the elderly people to learn the Spanish language, at this stage of life, is related to issues of hispanic ancestry. Furthermore, based on our theoretical and empirical framework, we infer that the own capabilities and intellectual and cognitive abilities of older people differ from those of young people and adults. In this sense, our second hypothesis was that Spanish teachers for the elderly need to constantly adapt the available materials and make use of strategies to "compensate" them for possible identified difficulties. Therefore, the general objectives of the research were to carry out a bibliographic review of research carried out in Brazil that investigated the teaching of Spanish language for the elderly people and to identify the characterization of the contexts regarding the learning needs presented by senior students, the didactic strategies and approaches mobilized by the responsible teachers, seeking to identify the specificities that permeate the teaching and learning process of the elderly in this context and that determine/generate input for the definition and construction of possible teaching approaches. As a result, our bibliographical research found a shortage of works focusing on the Spanish language, which highlights a gap in research and confirms the need for this type of study to understand, in a targeted way, the specific aspects of teaching and learning Spanish to the elderly people. In addition, it was possible to understand universal and specific aspects of the needs and the learning processes of older adults, demonstrating the indispensability of producing new studies in the area, aiming at the advancement and development of methodologies, materials and educational policies for senior people.
A presença/ausência negra em escolas da região de Sorocaba e o impacto na formação da identidade das crianças do ensino fundamental anos iniciais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-14)
Bueno, Gabrielle Christina Bento
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Santos, Ademir Barros dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2373503250743446
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Martins, Marcos Francisco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4515924584428591
This course conclusion work (TCC) presents data that lead us to reflect on the historical and structural differences, which lead to the presence/absence of black people in different spaces, specifically addressed here within the school environment, in the early years of the elementary School. The following question was taken as a research problem, the results of which are presented here: what has been the impact that the black presence/absence in schools in the region of Sorocaba has had on the process of building the identity of children in elementary school in the initials? In the search for an answer to the research question, a bibliographic and documentary research was developed, with a qualitative bias. The objective was to get to know the scenario of these schools, particularly in relation to black presence/absence and how this has affected the construction of children's identity. Thus constituted, this TCC, at first, addresses the concept of identity and black identity. Afterwards, the presence of black people in Brazilian society is discussed, as well as in the city of Sorocaba, specifically dealing with this problem in public and private schools. At the end of the text, an analysis is presented on the construction of the identity of the black people based on the document Pedagogical Political Project, restricted to private and public schools in Sorocaba, with a cut made from schools that this researcher has already worked on.
Indicadores de acessibilidade para o planejamento do transporte público em cidades paulistas de médio porte
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-14)
Zacharias, Leandro Neves
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Ribeiro, Rochele Amorim
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7245761274405860
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2214593474033636
Accessibility studies have gained relevance in urban planning as they relate land use with transport systems, especially transit. However, these studies focus on metropolitan regions and large cities due to government preferences and data availability. Even with the relevance of medium-sized cities in the urban network, there are knowledge gaps about accessibility in urban profile. The work aims to evaluate transit accessibility in medium-sized cities. The cities of Araraquara, Bauru, Catanduva, Limeira and São Carlos were chosen based on their population level and the transit data avaliability. Two accessibility indicators were used. The location-based accessibility indicators assessed the percentage of opportunities reached in a 30-minute transit trip. The infrastructure-based accessibility measured the percentage of opportunities close to boarding points. Both indicators revealed a pattern that accessibility in medium-sized cities reaches high values for a large part of the urban area. However, there are peripheric regions where accessibility is drastically lower, showing an inequality of access to opportunities. These inequalities are due to transit network organization and the opportunities concentration in central regions. Still, the effect of the territorial dimension and the lesser details of the data can interfere in the indicator results. The study established the need to assess accessibility in medium-sized cities, so that the continuity of the research is very important to consolidate the indicators well suited to the reality of this very important city profile in urban network.
Sobre a mimese na República de Platão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-14)
Santos, Mateus Lima dos
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Souza, Eliane Christina de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5658382257368048
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4508782396510015
Platon projette une attaque sévère contre l'art d'imiter (μιμητική) dans le Livre X de La République, ce qui conduit à la suppression des imitateurs, de la cité théorisée dans l'œuvre, sous le prétexte d’ils produisent des images (εἴδωλα). Cependant, cette critique contredit une autre position qui est défendue dans le dialogue sur le thème, c’est-à-dire, que la μίμησις serait édifiante pour le caractère de l'imitateur. En réalité, il semble y avoir une difficulté pour déterminer la vraie nature de ce concept, une fois que non seulement les opinions sur ses effets sont divergents, mais aussi les processus considérés comme mimétiques ne se réduisent pas les uns aux autres. La dissertation ici présentée propose d’examiner le problème sous l’angle de la relation entretenue entre les deux définitions qui sont proposées pour le terme dans La République. Comprendre les spécificités des processus désignés sous le même signe, en plus des raisons qui conduisent Platon à les critiquer, peut être une possibilité pour défendre la permanence d’une μίμησις positive dans La République, telle que présentée dans le dialogue lui-même. De cette manière, il faut vérifier les limites de la critique qui est construite dans le Livre X.
As políticas sustentáveis desenvolvidas por diferentes empresas para a preservação da biodiversidade e dos polinizadores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-14)
Astolfo, Tauane de Lima
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Agostini, Kayna
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5894768661755535
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0773858701769769
The importance of biodiversity only gained greater prominence when the process of loss of biological diversity raised awareness of the need for conservation and rational use of living resources, with protection of the flow of services from natural ecosystems. The preservation of biodiversity has economic reasons when it is thought that its degradation can harm existing activities, such as agriculture, for example, which could compromise its use in the future since many of the foods produced today for consumption and sale are dependent on pollination, the resulting ecosystem service of biodiversity. In this aspect, pollinators are extremely linked to ecological relationships in the environment and play very important roles in the conservation, maintenance and specialization of biodiversity. However, in recent years it has been found that pollinator populations are declining, threatened by anthropogenic changes caused in natural ecosystems, such as agriculture, an area that is on the rise. Therefore, the present study aimed to carry out a survey on the websites of companies that produce pesticides and food with little, modest, high and essential dependence on pollination to understand whether they have sustainable policies for the preservation and conservation of biodiversity and, consequently, pollinators. The results found were tabulated and analyzed graphically to verify the preservation of biodiversity and pollinators as an essential component for the maintenance of the environment. Thus, the information obtained in this study was of great relevance, since it was possible to observe that most companies are concerned, in some way, with the preservation of the environment. However, pollinators are not a concern on the agenda for many companies, whether they are producers of food or pesticides. Thus, this study provides further support for the continuation of work regarding the concern of companies that may cause direct or indirect impacts on the preservation of biodiversity and, consequently, on pollinators.
Aplicação em fábrica de ensaios não destrutivos em lajes alveolares protendidas para a verificação da conformidade de projeto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-14)
Bazilio, Luis Fernando Borzi
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Ferreira, Marcelo de Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4199122391532470
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0331490449671089
To obtain the strength supported by hollow core slabs it is necessary to perform standardized destructive tests, and in these tests it is possible to verify the product's compliance with the design. ABNT NBR 14861 (2011) does not allow the performance of simplified tests in a manufacturing environment due to lack of studies in the area, while ABNT NBR 9062 (2017) allows experimental verifications as part of the design procedure. Based on the above, the purpose of this paper is to verify the compliance of hollow core slabs with the design, by performing non-destructive tests in a factory environment in order to avoid destructive testing and to reduce waste of material, time and cost in the production of prestressed hollow core slabs.
Estudo do modelo de Hubbard bidimensional não homogêneo via teoria do funcional da densidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-14)
Santos, Jeferson Joel Moraes Osmari dos
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Campo Junior, Vivaldo Leiria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7150892281897003
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Villas-Bôas, Celso Jorge
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5700887540085418
We implemented the DFT calculation through the Kohn-Sham formalism adapted by the methodology μ-BALDA for the inhomogeneous two-dimensional Hubbard model, which is also implemented experimentally on an ultra-cold atom traps inside of an optical lattice. This was done using the approximation LDA based on an approximation for the energy per site of the two-dimensional Hubbard model. The main idea behind of the Kohn-Sham formalism to replace the Hubbard Hamiltonian, equivalent to a N interacting particle system, by a Hamiltonian of N non interacting particles which in our case is similar to the model of tight-binding plus an effective potential term, however both systems must have the same electronic density. This formalism leads to a self-consistent calculation, which was implement in this master degree.
A concepção de vontade nas questões 80 a 82 da prima pars da Summa Theologiae de Tomás de Aquino
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-15)
Serra, Thiago de Souza
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Baioni, José Eduardo Marques
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9613180348313909
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5318394642642010
Thomas Aquinas, in questions 80 to 82 of the Prima Pars of his Summa Theologiae, deals with sensitive appetites, the concupiscible and the irascible, and, above all, with the superior human appetite, the will. According to the Aquinate, this has as its own object the good produced since the intellectual apprehension of the essences of the particular entities (composed by matter and form) and, consecutively, presented to it by the human intellect. In this work, we will seek not only to understand the diversity between sensitive appetites and the will, but also the way in which it is related to its own object, that is, the intellectual good.