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Efeito do material particulado atmosférico (MPA) sedimentável proveniente da atividade siderúrgica sobre a função cardíaca de tilápia, Oreochromis niloticus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-30)
Adorno, Henrique Aio
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Monteiro, Diana Amaral
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0358411551730768
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7384615643107023
The industrial activity for obtaining and processing metal alloys, iron and steel result in the emission of Sedimentable Atmospheric Particulate Material (SAPM). Mining-steel industries located in the “Complexo do Tubarão”, in Metropolitan Region of Vitoria (MRV), Vitoria – ES, emit a metal smoke commonly called "black powder" that contains a varied composition of metals and metal nanoparticles that are deposited in aquatic environments. Faced with a scenario that seeks to produce information that can help the sustainable management of water resources, the objective of this study was to evaluate the possible effects of acute exposure (96 hours) of sublethal concentrations of 0.01 g.L-1, 0.1 g.L-1, and 1.0 g.L-1 of SAPM on myocardial contractility of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. The group exposed to 1.0 g.L-1 of SAPM showed significantly higher values of contraction force (Fc) and cardiac pumping capacity (CPC) at all stimulation frequencies. In the exposed animals, time-dependent parameters (TPT = time to peak tension, and THR = time to 50% of relaxation) were lower, while contraction and relaxation rates were higher. All groups exhibited a Fc decay after the non-physiological diastolic pause of 300 seconds, which was more conspicuous in the exposed groups, suggesting a prominent role of the Na +/Ca2+ (NCX) exchanger in calcium extrusion. As the 1.0 g.L-1 concentration of SAPM showed pronounced effects on cardiac contraction, we also investigated the effects of this exposure on hematological parameters and plasma biomarkers of stress response and oxidative stress. Alterations in myocardial contractility in MPAS-exposed fish were associated with a stress response characterized by significant increases in plasma cortisol and glucose levels. Tilapia exposed to SAPM also showed a significant reduction in hemoglobin content indicating a possible hypoxemia state, which may require adjustments in cardiac output, with increased Fc to increase systolic volume. The exposed fish showed higher values of hepatosomatic index and relative ventricular mass, probably associated with the overload of activity of the heart and liver. Additionally, SAPM exposure induced significant increases in plasma levels of lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation, indicating oxidative stress and reflecting an imbalance of redox homeostasis. NCX protein expression showed no significant difference between the groups, indicating that the positive inotropic and lusitropic effects are associated with β-adrenergic responses during stress situations. Thus, the effects of SAPM may negatively affect the adaptation, survival and reproductive success of tilapia, as the energy requirement to maintain the physiological patterns of the cardiovascular system and the detoxification processes demanded by SAPM exposure is high.
Influência da sombra do dossel temporário de um sistema agroflorestal na maturação de frutos de café
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-30)
Leite, Paulo Henrique Marquezini
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Oliveira, Renata Evangelista de
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Bigaton, Ademir Durrer
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6777223792862756
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1201801613118649
In Brazil, coffee trees have been included in agroforestry systems, mainly due to climatic emergencies and increased demand for specialty coffees. The shading levels inside a multi-layered agroforest depend on the design, management and, mainly, on the development time and evolution of the system. Understanding these variations over time, as well as the effects of temporary canopy on coffee production components, can contribute to the definition of more efficient agroforestry designs, especially in agroforestry systems (SAFs) in the establishment phase. In a four-year-old young agroforestry coffee plantation, in the process of stratification and establishment with a temporary canopy formed by Ricinus communis L., we aimed to evaluate the shading levels and its influence on the maturation of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Bourbon amarelo . The shading was determined at four distances, at 1 m (D1), 4 m (D2), 7 m (D3) and 10 m (D4), from the sunniest edge (North face) to the interior of the SAF. We evaluated the shading levels, calculated by the difference of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in full sun and inside the SAF, quantifying the total volume of produced fruits, the percentage of dry fruits and the dry biomass of the coffee tree. As the distances from the edge to the interior of the SAF increased, the greater was the shading level. The evaluated coffee trees responded homogeneously within each distance, the more shaded ones produced a greater volume of fruits and a smaller percentage of them, dry. Coffee dry biomass was higher at distance D4. This work contributes to the understanding of how environmental factors, design and management of agroforestry influence the maturation of coffee fruits, a crucial factor for ordering the harvest and production of better quality coffees.
Distribuições discretas para duas observações inflacionadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-30)
Hebling, Luisa
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Conceição, Katiane Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5789619620619667
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2173304528541755
Count data is often found in many real applications and some observations may occur in the data set in an excessive amount. In many real problems it is quite common for the data set to contain excesses of zero and one observations. In a more general context, k1 and k2 are defined as observations of a particular data set that have discrepancy (excess) in their frequencies, making modeling from traditional discrete distributions inappropriate. Thus, the main objective of this work is to propose the k1 and k2 Inflated Power Series family of distributions, aiming to model data sets that present such discrepancy in the observations k1 and k2. In order to estimate the parameters we consider classical approach, with the maximum likelihood method, using a hurdle version of distributions. Some applications considering real data sets will be presented.
Análise de falha de martelos oscilantes de desfibradores utilizados em usinas sucroalcooleiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-30)
Sasso, Ricardo Aparecido
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Koga, Guilherme Yuuki
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0933095081175012
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Gargarella, Piter
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4641435644243916
Sugarcane mills have demanded more control of their production line, reduced loss of raw material, and a longer period before maintenance of their equipment, aiming to increase their profitability. The main station of this process is the mill responsible for crushing the sugar cane. Its components such as knives, hammers, and rollers are subject to degradation processes, mainly wear and corrosion, decreasing production efficiency and increasing the maintenance costs. This work aims to perform the failure analysis of hammers coated with weld, removed from a mill shredder after use. Through compositional characterization techniques, it was determined that the base material is a 1030 carbon steel, and the coating is a high Cr (22,2 %wt) and C (3,65 %wt) ferrous alloy. The coating showed greater resistance to abrasive wear compared to the base and reference material (410 stainless steel), it has greater hardness and hard carbides (type M7C3) that act as reinforcement and protection elements against the removal of the soft matrix material of ferrite and austenite by abrasive action. Despite the complexity of sugarcane juice, composed of chlorides, sulfides, and organic acids, the cyclic polarization curves did not show significant differences between the materials tested in this corrosive environment. The 410 stainless steel had better performance against corrosive effects, due to the complete dissolution of Cr in the solid solution, which ensured the formation of a protective passive film, which, unlike the coating, with a high content of Cr, creates carbides in excesses and interfaces depleted in Cr, representing preferential points for corrosion. The cracks in the coating allowed the penetration of the sugarcane juice, and subsequent detachment of the weld by impact, exposing the base material to abrasive wear and corrosive. Greater control during the coating preparation process and the use of a base material with greater corrosion resistance could significantly extend the life of the hammers.
Para que servem as eleições municipais? Estratégias políticas na competição local
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-30)
Martins, Thais Cavalcante
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Kerbauy, Maria Teresa Miceli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4762029784021248
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5764763788709997
The objective of this research is to investigate the strategies of political actors in local electoral competition, focusing on two dimensions. The first concerns legitimate and formal means, with an emphasis on the provisions established by the electoral system that increase one's chances of accessing power. It also explores the levels of competition as well as the conditions of competition. The second dimension delves into the instruments that enable candidates and parties to monitor elections and the occurrence of electoral irregularities. Such devices are assessed as a political strategy available to candidates and parties both before and after voting. The general hypothesis is that variation in strategy use is related to factors exogenous to elections, but it is also due to institutional factors, such as the level of competitiveness in municipal disputes. Based on an analysis of electoral, socioeconomic, and jurisprudence data, descriptive statistics and logistic regression techniques were used to investigate the variation and test the hypothesis. The study focuses on the dispute for the municipal executive position between 2000 and 2016, covering all Brazilian municipalities. The findings support the hypothesis and demonstrate that, even though elections have become more competitive and monitored, they continue to coexist with abusive practices, which are not necessarily limited to the country's less developed territories.
Influência de modificações superficiais na resistência à corrosão e na bioatividade da liga beta ti-40nb para aplicações biomédicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-30)
Ricci, Virgilio Pereira
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Jorge Júnior, Alberto Moreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6360362248108490
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Afonso, Conrado Ramos Moreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2176215981291453
β-titanium (Ti) alloys have great applicability in the biomedical area due to properties such as low density, high corrosion resistance, low elasticity modulus (E), and biocompatibility. However, these alloys are not bioactive. It is necessary to make surface modifications producing bioactive surfaces and with better electrochemical properties. For these reasons, this work evaluated the bioactivity performance and corrosion resistance of the Ti-40Nb alloy modified superficially by anodization, producing the amorphous nanostructures of nanotubes (NTs-AM) and nanopores (NPs-AM). Initially, the annealing was carried out on anodized samples with amorphous nanostructure to reduce the alloy’s E and crystallize the amorphous nanostructures in a mixture of anatase and rutile, obtaining these characteristics with annealing at 550 °C, namely NTs-HT and NPs-HT. The precalcification (PC) process was performed to increase the bioactive behavior of NTs-HT and NPs-HT, that is, NTs-PC and NPs-PC. The electrochemical behavior was studied by open circuit potential (OCP), potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Samples with NTs-HT and NPs- HT showed the highest corrosion potential (Ecorr) and lower passivation current density (ipass), with the lowest ipass of ~0,3 μA/cm² being observed in NPs-HT. The EIS simulation by equivalent electrical circuits (EEC), the NPs-HT showed greater resistance and thickness of the barrier layer. After 14 days of soaking in SBF, it was not observed HAp formation in the unmodified substrate, NTs/NPs- HT conditions exhibited moderate apaite formation. In contrast, NTs/NPs-PC samples showed high apatite formation, with apatite mass gain ~3.5x higher than anodized and annealed samples.
Interações entre estrutura da vegetação e fertilidade do solo na decomposição da matéria orgânica em diferentes usos do solo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-30)
Bessi, Débora
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Tanaka, Marcel Okamoto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2768658925977757
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0893444898265301
Forests play a fundamental role in providing ecosystem functions and services. In particular, the relationship between forest and soil is an important link for ecosystem functioning and maintenance of services such as nutrient cycling. Despite this, a high loss of natural forest area has been observed, mainly due to the conversion into agricultural area, strongly impacting the biogeochemical cycles. Agroforestry systems and ecological restoration practices are capable of playing a fundamental role in the resumption of ecosystem functions. It is expected that the introduction and growth of the plant community favors nutrient cycling and carbon fixation, which are strongly influenced by organic matter decomposition rates. The litter decomposition process is complex, involving interactions between physical, chemical and biological soil characteristics, litter chemical characteristics, local vegetation structure and climatic variation. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of plant structure and soil quality, in areas with different land uses, on the decomposition processes of organic matter as estimated by decomposition rates k and stabilization factor S. We used the TBI (Tea Bag Index) method to assess k and S and evaluate decomposition in agroforestry systems, successional stands at different ages of forest restoration and mature riparian forests. The direct and indirect effects of the sampled variables were estimated using structural equation models. Our results showed that intensive pasture systems and pastures intercropped with crops present a more dynamic nutrient cycling (higher k), whereas in areas with silviculture inclusion there was a greater contribution of recalcitrant organic matter and material stabilization (higher S). When comparing riparian forest areas, restored areas and pastures, the results indicated that the stabilization of organic material is greater in forest areas compared to pasture areas, with a tendency to increase with the advancement of succession and soil fertility. In contrast, decomposition rates were higher in open areas under pasture, but also showed a positive variation with nutrient content. These results suggest that the diversification of integration systems favors nutrient cycling and carbon sequestration due to the lower nutrient loss through decomposition and stabilization of the organic matter, contributing to the sustainable management of pastures. In addition, plant restoration practices can be a good strategy to increase the input of organic material into the soil considering the increase in organic matter stabilization when compared to pastures, contributing to the improvement of its quality and, mainly, increasing carbon sequestration via stabilized material.
Alterações hemodinâmicas, cardíacas e vasculares induzidas pelo treinamento físico combinado em ratos espontaneamente hipertensos tratados ou não com Dexametasona
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-30)
Tardelli, Lidieli Pazin
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Cardoso, Sandra Lia do Amaral
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2030708742766455
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2105752094418176
Arterial hypertension (HT) is usually accompanied by neural, cardiac and vascular alterations. Dexamethasone (DEX)-induced hypertension is observed in normotensive rats, but little is known about the effects of DEX of arterial stiffness and vessel remodeling on normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Combined training (aerobic exercise on alternate days with resistance exercise) has been recommended as a preventive and non-pharmacological treatment for HT, but the mechanisms induced by combined training to reduce HT are not totally known. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of DEX treatment on arterial pressure (AP) and arterial stiffening of Wistar and SHR, as well as the effects of combined training on the hemodynamics of SHR treated or not with DEX. Wistar and SHR were treated with DEX (50µg/kg s.c.) for 14 days. SHR were submitted to combined training for 74 days and were treated with DEX during the last 14 days. Echocardiographic parameters, AP, pulse wave velocity (PWV), as well as histological and morphometric analyses of the heart and aorta, carotid and femoral arteries were performed. The results show that control SHR (SHRCT) had higher AP then control Wistar (WCT), associated with autonomic imbalance to the heart. Echocardiographic changes in SHRCT (vs WCT) were suggestive of cardiac remodeling: higher relative wall thickness (RWT, +28%) and left ventricle mass index (LVMI, +26%) and lower LV systolic diameter (LVSD, -19%) and LV diastolic diameter (LVDD, -10%), with slightly systolic dysfunction and preserved systolic function. In addition, SHRCT had lower myocardial capillary density and similar collagen deposition area. PWV was higher in SHRCT due to higher aortic collagen deposition. DEX-treated Wistar rats presented higher AP (~23%) and autonomic imbalance to the heart. DEX did not change cardiac structure in Wistar, but PWV (+21%) and aortic collagen deposition area (+21%) were higher compared with control. However, DEX did not change AP, autonomic balance to the heart or arterial stiffness in SHR, but reduced RWT and LV collagen deposition area (-12% vs SHRCT). On the other hand, combined training reduced AP (~18%), PWV (-20%) in SHR (SHRTCT), which was associated with better autonomic balance to the heart, reduced myocardial collagen deposition (-18%), as well as lower collagen deposition aorta (-23%), carotid (-35%) and femoral (-14%). In addition, combined training completely blocked any increase of AP or estimated PWV induced by DEX in SHR, as it does in normotensive rats. No effect of DEX treatment or combined training on vessel remodeling was observed in arteries. In conclusion, the results suggest a differential effect of dexamethasone on arterial stiffness, myocardial remodeling, and AP between Wistar and SHR. On the other hand, combined training proved to be an important strategy to reduce AP and arterial stiffness in SHR, and these lower responses were maintained regardless of DEX treatment.
Slice como serviço em edge computing e dispositivos IoT com restrição de recursos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-30)
Azevedo, Rodrigo Ferraz
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Paula, Luciano Bernardes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8755104082298597
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Verdi, Fábio Luciano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9143186843657940
A new concept that describes a federated framework that provides computing (processing), networking, and storage as a virtual slice framework, Cloud Network Slicing (CNS) enables new approaches to IoT applications and structuring resources at the edge of the network. Some characteristics of IoT devices, such as intermittent connection, battery power, low processing power, and other resource constraints, require new strategies to meet this new application profile. This research adopts the architecture defined in the NECOS Project and implements the functions for creating CNS in resource-constrained edge devices. The implementation was evaluated in Single Board Computer (SBC) hardware using lightweight virtualization solutions (microservices) and the results achieved confirmed the hypothesis of slice support in these devices with restricted resources, but with limitations to support multiple slices. Therefore, this work presents a brief study on the limitations of the NECOS project in resource-constrained environments, mainly in the IoT context, proposes and implements the extension of some NECOS components to support resource-constrained equipment, then analyzes the performance of the proposed on real IoT hardware using SBC.
Discursos sobre a leitura em memes: a ‘vergonha’ e o ‘orgulho’ de ser leitor
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-07-30)
Silva, Jeniffer Aparecida Pereira da
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Ferreira, Luzmara Curcino
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4849994635754652
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6680592122128813
In this dissertation, we report the results of the master's research we conducted in the Postgraduate Program in Linguistics at UFSCar with the Laboratory of Reading Studies (LIRE-CNPq), coordinated by Prof. Dr. Luzmara Curcino. In our research, we reflect on the discourses that circulate among us about reading, from the analysis of what is enunciated about it in the form of a current genre: the internet memes. Assuming from the assumption that much of what we know and reproduce about reading goes back, according to Chartier (1998) and Abreu (2001, 2006), to a history of long duration, in which is inscribed everything that we enunciate about this practice, we seek, in our analysis, to survey and analyse some of these discourses mobilized in memes that have reading as a theme. For this survey and analysis, we went through, albeit very briefly, aspects of the history of reading in Brazil, in order to understand the historical, cultural and social reasons that guide what is said about this practice and about us, Brazilians, as readers. The Memes, despite their contemporaneity, like any cultural production, are historically and culturally determined and therefore, disseminate discourses that are shared collectively, that circulate as consensus among us, thus acting as another vector for their propagation. In order to evaluate possible regularities and differences that the meme could disseminate as to the way of enunciating about reading, we used theoretical contributions dedicated to the analysis of discourses about reading, such as Britto (1999, 2008), Barzotto and Britto (1998), Abreu (2001, 2006) and Varella and Curcino (2014), as well as in the perspective of Discourse Analysis of Foucault (1990) concerning the ways of apprehension of the operation of the discourse order that regulates the enunciable and the effects of its circulation, thus affecting the processes of subjectivation of subjects and their practices and the construction of discursive consensus on reading. We also work with authors who discuss and clarify fundamental aspects of the functioning of the meme, relating to its characteristics as a genre (BAKHTIN, 2010), the multimodality and homology of image and verbal languages that in general constitute it (CURCINO, 2011); the detachability of the culture of the fragment (MAINGUENEAU, 2015), its belonging to the field of humour (POSSENTI, 2020); to its peculiar mode of actualization of the author function (FOUCAULT, 2011; CURCINO, 2016a; ROSIN; CURCINO, 2015); finally, to its properties related to circulation, viralization, its replication and dissemination by social networks (ZOPPI-FONTANA, 2018, 2016; KOMESU, 2005; GAMBARATO; KOMESU, 2018; KOMESU; GAMBARATO; TENANI, 2018) among others. The research corpus consisted of 115 memes, of which 51 were actually cited or properly analysed throughout this dissertation. We concluded that the memes, despite remaining faithful to many of the hegemonic discourses about reading, in some cases tend to subvert certain representations, through humorous language plays and also through new visions about reading proposed by their constructors. This, however, is far from being a rule. Most of the time, the memes analysed are aligned with the discourses that commonly guide what can be said about the practice of reading.
Estudantes com doença crônica e/ou deficiência com comorbidade: escolarização e proposta de formação docente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-02)
Pedrino, Mariana Cristina
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Gonçalves, Adriana Garcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3907378784787581
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2217597752295003
Over the past thirty years, important laws have been created for the protection and maintenance of the rights of children and youth, with an emphasis on education and health. Specialized Education Services, contemplating the educational needs of people with disabilities in a school, hospital or home environment, when absent from school, must be highlighted. However, the educational needs of students with chronic diseases have not been met, often due to the lack of knowledge of the school team in dealing with their conditions. This study aims to analyze the actions in the organization of municipal schools in a city within the state of São Paulo, during the period of school leave and in the return of students after leave for health treatment for a chronic disease and/or disability with comorbidity. It also intended to elaborate, implement and evaluate a teacher training program with regard to the schooling of these students. Therefore, the study consisted of three stages: 1 – Analysis of documents from public agencies to identify students with chronic disease and/or disability with comorbidity. Among the documents for data collection, 58 schools received an online questionnaire requesting specific information about students in those conditions, referring to the school years of 2017, 2018 and 2019. Thirty-three schools responded to the questionnaire; 2 – Administration of interview scripts to managers, principals and teachers who had contact with these students throughout their professional trajectories, to verify the actions taken to provide academic learning opportunities for students. This stage had nine participants; 3 – Teacher training program within the framework of Collaborative Research, to provide opportunities for the exchange of experiences and construction of knowledge about the schooling of students in those conditions. Fourteen teachers participated in this stage. The study concluded that there is no systematized record for mapping these students in the health and education system of the municipality surveyed. The questionnaire results from municipal schools revealed that there is a greater number of enrollments of students with chronic disease than of those with disabilities with comorbidity, and that the health condition brought harm to their schooling process, especially in terms of attendance. Through the interviews, some actions were identified by teachers, principals and management of the Municipal Department of Education (MDE), during student leave, such as: sending printed activities to family members, remote classes through applications (WhatsApp), and the offer of home pedagogical care, in a case of disability with comorbidity. Those actions certainly contribute to keep the students' bonds with the school, even if they still leave gaps in the schooling process. When these students return to school, after their leaves, there is compensation for content and welcoming actions, with a focus on the diversity of health conditions. With the data arising from the preparation and implementation of the teacher training program, it was possible to systematize action plans during the absences and on the return of students to school, as well as to prepare a letter to be sent to the MDE and the Municipal Health Department (MHD) with actions to enable the development of public policies. The participants rated the program as very satisfactory, arising knowledge on the subject and reflection on teaching practice. It is worth stressing the importance of the study for a better understanding of the needs of these students and for guaranteeing their right to continue the schooling process.
Conhecimentos docentes e tecnologias digitais: perspectivas para a formação do professor de Química
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-02)
Cavassani, Thiago Bernardo
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Marques, Rosebelly Nunes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7921735904003583
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9288024365110159
The present research was conducted through a formative pedagogical intervention work promoting the insertion of digital tools articulated to the teaching of content and pedagogical practices to undergraduate students of a chemistry major at a federal educational institution. The objective of this work was to investigate the ways undergraduates interact with different digital resources throughout interventional activities, considering the relations between domain/appropriation of technologies and possible implications in pedagogical and content aspects that compose the professional teaching body of knowledge. The theoretical and methodological delimitation were based on the concept that professional teachers are engaged in a formative continuum; additionally, on the contributions about the interrelation between technologies and education, and the TPACK framework in an approximation with the sociocultural approach. The work was developed in two regular courses in the discipline of chemistry from a qualitative research perspective. As a result, we highlighted elements that point at new ways of relating students with the space and time of learning, in the articulation between ICT, the didactic proposals and the disciplinary contents. Different forms of mastery and levels of appropriation of cultural tools were identified, as well as signs of TPACK development in the teaching activities developed by the undergraduates. However, gaps in the undergraduate’s TPACK were also evidenced, especially regarding the understanding of chemical knowledge for social activity and in the relationship between the proposed pedagogical activities and the selected digital technologies. The elaboration of meanings of this process evidences important aspects of appropriation of ICT and development of TPACK, as well as a tense relationship between ICT and the possibilities for teaching chemistry. It is important to encourage the integration of ICT in the training process to interrelate digital technologies and subject content at different times throughout the initial training, as well as to provide opportunities for critical and reflective analysis in order to allow its continuous significance. With these actions, it is possible to foster a true pedagogical appropriation of these cultural tools by teachers in training.
Planejamento de cadeias globais farmacêuticas incorporando análise financeira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-03)
Arruda, Pierre Martines de
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Toso, Eli Angela Vitor
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6663631731115739
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9361088653698578
In the last decades, the pharmaceutical industry has been going through an internationalization process of its operations. Due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the planning of global pharmaceutical companies was directly affected in the search for an immunizing agent. In this context, the complexity of the supply chain increases, as economic and financial aspects influence the planning of the physical configuration of these networks. To date, the literature on optimization models for global supply chains, specifically for pharmaceutical production, does not incorporate financial feasibility issues in planning. In this way, this dissertation proposes to develop an optimization model for the global supply chain planning problem of a pharmaceutical industry incorporating financial indicators, mainly of investment viability. The model incorporates: (i) the net present value (NPV) in the objective function; (ii) the possibility of using equity or raising funds through loans and financing to open plants and distribution centers; (iii) the incorporation of compound interest in the calculation of financial expenses and; (iv) the alternative of investing the company's equity in the financial market. The problem addressed involves strategic decisions such as number, and location of secondary plants and distribution centers to meet the demand of the final markets, as well as the flow of products in the network. The model is tested with data based on two pharmaceutical companies with global operations that are producing vaccines for the Sars-CoV-2 virus. The results generated by the model were adequate, the following characteristics: the production of vaccines presented positive NPV, the financial analysis shows the high return on investments, and the opening of distribution centers (DCs) were outsourced. The contribution of this work is the incorporation of little-used financial aspects in global supply chain planning problems, allowing managers to make a better strategic decision based on the interconnection between operational management and corporate finance.
“Dificuldades de aprendizagem”: uma análise a partir da Teoria Histórico-Cultural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-03)
Agostinho, Michele Yenara
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Mello, Maria Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8338726751746542
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4801305924535812
This theoretical research aimed to explain and analyze the conceptual bases of the Cultural-Historical Theory that allow to present a historical-dialectical materialistic explanation for what has been spread in the educational context as "learning difficulties", contrasting the hegemonic conceptions based on a biologizing and individualizing bias. This study was configured as theoretical, theoretically-methodologically based in the Cultural-Historical Theory which its premise understands the human being as a historical, social and cultural being and that the psychological constitution is established from the inseparability of the relationship of the individual with his social reality. The nature and sources of the research data were established as bibliographic, drawing on Vygotski’s “Obras Escogidas” as its primary textbook reference, focusing on Tomos III and V. The methodological procedures were based on the bibliographies recognition reading, pertinent information location to the research topic, bibliographies choices closer to the object of this study, carrying out critical readings, seeking information used for the conceptual deepening and realization of integrative synthesis presenting the investigation process product. The results showed that by undertaking a genetic analysis on the problem of so-called "learning difficulties", from its historical reconstruction, it is possible to highlight the causal dynamic links that are at the origin of this phenomenon and, finally, to understand it in its entirety. Among the conceptions that are at the essence of this phenomenon, we have the relationship established between the processes of teaching, learning and development that, in the hegemonic view, start from premises that, inadvertently, fall into biological determinism. The Cultural-Historical Theory, in turn, by offering a materialistic historical-dialectical interpretation for such processes, allows to reverse the logic of analysis by which the problem of “learning difficulties” is regarded. Concerning the results, we highlight four Cultural-Historical Theory fundamental propositions that allow us to build another theoretical interpretation to the phenomenon of “learning difficulties:” 1)The concept of a human being as a socio-historical being, 2) The social-nature of the development of the superior psychological functions, 3) The dialectic relationship between learning and development, 4) The method of the analysis of the phenomenon through the Cultural-Historical Theory. Thus, by offering another theoretical interpretation for this phenomenon, the Cultural-Historical Theory allows to demystify the view that blames students and their families for school difficulties and, consequently, collaborates to the proposition of more effective pedagogical practices to overcome this problem, we highlight that: 1) Teaching must be planned to encompass the students’ concept of proximal development zone to the content to be learned; 2) Assessment of learning and development are vital to the process of educational planning, 3) The Cultural-Historical Theory presumptions allow the teachers to change their perspectives about what would be perceived as “student limitations” into a transforming learning power. Finally, we consider that this study presented only an initial analysis on the possible relations between the Cultural-Historical Theory and the problems encountered during the schooling process, among them what the literature has identified under the terminology “learning difficulties”, and that more studies on this topic are necessary, from theoretical approaches committed to the educational institutions, education itself and society transformation.
Desenvolvimento de compósito epóxi/fibra de vidro produzido por enrolamento filamentar para revestimento interno de coluna de produção de petróleo em aço carbono na exploração offshore
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-04)
Guimarães, Bárbara Silva Sales
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Canto, Leonardo Bresciani
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7287108960864123
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1385572129488434
Epoxy/glass fiber composites (GRE) were produced by filament winding with a view to application as a liner in a carbon steel tube to replace all-metal super duplex stainless steel column in offshore petroleum exploration. Changes in the Litestone 2210E commercial epoxy resin system containing methylnadic anhydride curing agent were carried out by adding 1,4-butanedioldiglycidyl ether (BDDE) as reactive diluent (RD) and excess of benzyltriethyl ammonium chloride (BTEAC) initiator, to improve the fiber wetting during processing and reduce the curing time, respectively. Viscosity measurements performed by plate and plate rotational rheometry showed that the viscosity of the epoxy system decreased with the addition of the RD. Dynamic curing kinetic studies using the Avrami model modified by Jeziorny and Ozawa were carried from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. The glass transition temperatures (Tg) of the epoxy systems were measured by DSC and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Increasing the initiator content anticipated the curing process and increased the curing enthalpy, but did not change the curing rate. The incorporation of DR favored the epoxy cure without significant changes in the curing enthalpy, and reduced Tg by approx. 38°C. Flat plates of unidirectional epoxy/glass fiber composites were produced by filament winding and subjected to tensile and flexural tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The composites showed good wettability and interfacial adhesion and the addition of DR increased the strength and strain at break without significant change in the elastic modulus. The data indicated that the addition of DR is a viable way to optimize the filament winding processing as well as the curing step and thus optimize the mechanical properties of the epoxy/glass fiber composites.
Criptografia em uma abordagem elementar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-05)
Sampaio, Pedro Valim
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Seixas, Wladimir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1697352974728327
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2799119037192143
This work succinctly presents historical and mathematical aspects of ancient and modern cryptography such as Caesar cipher, related ciphers, Vigenère cipher, Hill cipher and RSA cryptography. Guidance on the subject of cryptography and related activities in high school is sought at the BNCC and PCN-EM. The work develops mathematical requirements for an elementary understanding of the cryptographic systems studied. Among these requirements we have elementary concepts such as matrices, modular arithmetic and number theory, which are used in the presented cryptography theories. Some activities for the elementary school teacher to apply in their classes are suggested at the end.
Lateralização funcional do córtex pré-frontal medial na ansiedade em camundongos: avaliações molecular e psicofarmacológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-05)
Santos-Costa, Nathália
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Souza, Ricardo Luiz Nunes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2475842684688693
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0883202854043423
The left and right medial prefrontal cortex (L & RmPFC) process emotional responses induced by stress-related stimuli, and LmPFC and RmPFC inhibition elicit anxiogenesis and anxiolysis, respectively. Here we sought to investigate (i) the mPFC functional laterality on defensive/anxiogenic-like behaviors in mice subjected to chronic social defeat stress (SDS); (ii) the effects of LmPFC inhibition (with local injection CoCl2) on the RmPFC glutamatergic neuronal activation pattern; and (iii) the effects of the RmPFC NMDA receptor blockade on the anxiety induced by LmPFC inhibition in mice exposed to the elevated plus-maze (EPM). Results showed that chronic SDS induced defensive-like behaviors followed by the rise of ΔFosB labeling and by ΔFosB + CaMKII double-labeling bilaterally in the cingulate (Cg1) and infralimbic (IL) subareas of the mPFC. Chronic SDS also increased ΔFosB and by ΔFosB + CaMKII labeling only on the right prelimbic (PrL). Also, left PrL inhibition increased cFos + CaMKII labeling in the contralateral PrL and IL. Moreover, anxiogenesis induced by the left PrL inhibition was blocked by NMDA receptor antagonist AP7 injected into the right PrL. These findings suggest the lateralized control of the glutamatergic neurotransmission in the modulation of emotional-like responses in mice subjected to chronic SDS.
Compreensão sobre deficiência narrada por pessoas com cegueira adquirida na idade adulta
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-05)
Matheus, Adrieli Camila Soares
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Denari, Fátima Elisabeth
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5575213011914394
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2799595290229343
Currently there are several studies that describe disability from the biological, legislative, social and historical-cultural perspective; however, there are few who give voice to people with disabilities, talking about these people is more frequent than talking to them. For this reason, this study aimed to investigate the understanding of acquired blindness and the changes that occurred in the lives of people with blindness in adulthood. The study also reflected on the changes that occurred in their lives after vision loss and analyze the strategies used to overcome the challenges of being a person with acquired blindness. For this, he used the Life History method that allowed giving voice to people to whom he seeks to understand, no longer analyzing his disease/deviation, but sharing of their lives. It is a qualitative approach and a descriptive research, which portrayed reality and phenomena, from the perspective of people with acquired blindness, knowing the characteristics of this population. The study included four people with blindness acquired in adulthood, aged between 40 and 75 years, who attend a philanthropic institution, located in a city in the interior of the state of São Paulo. For data collection, unstructured interviews were used, which were recorded in audio and fully transcribed, in which the participants freely told about their stories. The data obtained were analyzed from discourse analysis. The results indicated that in relation to the understanding of acquired blindness, for the participants, the concepts are distinct and formed at different times, most often based on popular conceptions, without denying the medical conceptualization of disability; but above all they understand it from their social relationships, which are often watered down by discrimination, stereotypes, stigmas and social isolation. We conclude that this study contributed to the understanding of blindness, from the perspective of people with acquired blindness, being beneficial to these groups that are silenced and stigmatized
Síntese e caracterização de nanopartículas semicondutoras de ZnO@Carbono com estrutura tipo núcleo-casca
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-05)
Martins, Tiago Almeida
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Longo, Elson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9848311210578810
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3330432870882896
In these study, nanoparticles with a core-shell structure of oxide zinc-carbon (ZnO@Carbon) were synthesized using the simple thermal decomposition method of Zn(CH3CO2)2•2H2O in a conventional electric furnace and a hybrid heat/microwave furnace. The ZnO@Carbon powders were characterized by structural, optical and photocatalytic techniques, aiming to analyze the structural order-disorder effects of their components. Initially, only samples synthesized by the conventional electric furnace were studied and it was observed that the order or disorder level of both the ZnO and the carbon shell dramatically affect the photoluminescent and photocatalytic properties of the ZnO@C composites. Furthermore, was clarify that the photocatalytic mechanisms of some particles of ZnO@Carbon is dependent of the type of light used (UV or visible). ZnO@Carbon particles were synthesized through a hybrid heat/microwave furnace and an electric furnace at the same temperatures. The microwaves generated changes in morphology, crystallinity and carbon proportion of particles. The hybrid furnace also reduce the minimal synthesis temperature for synthesis of ZnO@Carbon particles, thus obtaining a sample with 4 times the concentration of carbon obtained in a conventional electric oven. These sample allow understand better how changes in carbon materials affect the photoluminescent profiles and the photocatalytic activity of ZnO@Carbon particles, in addition to enabling a better adsorption capacity of ZnO@Carbon particles, generated by the greater composition of mass of carbon in the particles.
O uso do teatro para introdução da Astronomia no ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-05)
Macedo Junior, Ederaldo Bueno de
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Benedetti Filho, Edemar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5963704923612696
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Souza, James Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2212240621620011
The active participation of students in activities that make sense to them is a very promising alternative to make Physics teaching more interesting and accessible. For that, students must be engaged in creative processes, through which they can act as young scientists communicating science. Another important factor in this process is the contextualization of subjects to be learned in the classroom with their daily lives, even though they have a more theoretical character, through theories and mathematical models, or a more observational character, through experiments or analysis of natural phenomena. Learning science through theater has the potential to bring together science and art inquiry. Students can learn science in a creative way while implementing a theatrical performance related to scientific concepts. In this work we use theater as a teaching methodology to introduce astronomy concepts in high school. We developed the script for a play called “Crazy System”, which was presented at a science fair at a private school in Mogi Guaçu city at São Paulo state. In the theatrical performance we explore concepts such as the geocentric and heliocentric systems, the movements of the Sun, Earth and Moon, days, nights, seasons, solar and lunar eclipses, tides, among others. The play was conducted by the teacher and the students themselves and presented to a general audience, quite diverse, in a playful and fun way. With this proposal it was possible to make the students understand the scientific concepts and the phenomena addressed, as well as to develop a spirit of cooperation and teamwork, allowing them to actively participate in the negotiation of the scientific concepts covered in the play, developing creative and thinking skills. Furthermore, as a dissemination activity, the students' theatrical performance contributed significantly to bring the school closer to society and to develop their own social and entrepreneurial skills.