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Compreensão sobre deficiência narrada por pessoas com cegueira adquirida na idade adulta
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-05) Matheus, Adrieli Camila Soares; Denari, Fátima Elisabeth; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5575213011914394; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2799595290229343
Currently there are several studies that describe disability from the biological, legislative, social and historical-cultural perspective; however, there are few who give voice to people with disabilities, talking about these people is more frequent than talking to them. For this reason, this study aimed to investigate the understanding of acquired blindness and the changes that occurred in the lives of people with blindness in adulthood. The study also reflected on the changes that occurred in their lives after vision loss and analyze the strategies used to overcome the challenges of being a person with acquired blindness. For this, he used the Life History method that allowed giving voice to people to whom he seeks to understand, no longer analyzing his disease/deviation, but sharing of their lives. It is a qualitative approach and a descriptive research, which portrayed reality and phenomena, from the perspective of people with acquired blindness, knowing the characteristics of this population. The study included four people with blindness acquired in adulthood, aged between 40 and 75 years, who attend a philanthropic institution, located in a city in the interior of the state of São Paulo. For data collection, unstructured interviews were used, which were recorded in audio and fully transcribed, in which the participants freely told about their stories. The data obtained were analyzed from discourse analysis. The results indicated that in relation to the understanding of acquired blindness, for the participants, the concepts are distinct and formed at different times, most often based on popular conceptions, without denying the medical conceptualization of disability; but above all they understand it from their social relationships, which are often watered down by discrimination, stereotypes, stigmas and social isolation. We conclude that this study contributed to the understanding of blindness, from the perspective of people with acquired blindness, being beneficial to these groups that are silenced and stigmatized
Lateralização funcional do córtex pré-frontal medial na ansiedade em camundongos: avaliações molecular e psicofarmacológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-05) Santos-Costa, Nathália; Souza, Ricardo Luiz Nunes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2475842684688693; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0883202854043423
The left and right medial prefrontal cortex (L & RmPFC) process emotional responses induced by stress-related stimuli, and LmPFC and RmPFC inhibition elicit anxiogenesis and anxiolysis, respectively. Here we sought to investigate (i) the mPFC functional laterality on defensive/anxiogenic-like behaviors in mice subjected to chronic social defeat stress (SDS); (ii) the effects of LmPFC inhibition (with local injection CoCl2) on the RmPFC glutamatergic neuronal activation pattern; and (iii) the effects of the RmPFC NMDA receptor blockade on the anxiety induced by LmPFC inhibition in mice exposed to the elevated plus-maze (EPM). Results showed that chronic SDS induced defensive-like behaviors followed by the rise of ΔFosB labeling and by ΔFosB + CaMKII double-labeling bilaterally in the cingulate (Cg1) and infralimbic (IL) subareas of the mPFC. Chronic SDS also increased ΔFosB and by ΔFosB + CaMKII labeling only on the right prelimbic (PrL). Also, left PrL inhibition increased cFos + CaMKII labeling in the contralateral PrL and IL. Moreover, anxiogenesis induced by the left PrL inhibition was blocked by NMDA receptor antagonist AP7 injected into the right PrL. These findings suggest the lateralized control of the glutamatergic neurotransmission in the modulation of emotional-like responses in mice subjected to chronic SDS.
Acertando os ponteiros: o ofício do relojoeiro na contemporaneidade paulistana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-05) Fiorelli, André Pelizario; Bonelli, Maria da Glória; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1739441747281321; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3751757230465526
The research objective analyzes the reconfiguration of watchrepair´s craft in the contemporaneity of São Paulo city, understanding to what extend the craft, with its notion of time, persists and resignifies itself. We consider that the watchrepair´s craft, despite suffering a sharp decline in modernity, reconfigures in the current context marked by digitalization of time. One of the hypotheses that we present for the reconfiguration of craft consists in the adaptation of watchrepairs to the transformations perfomed by the economic rationalization of the Third Industrial Revolution. A bibliographic survey was realized, considering the categories of craft, professions and time, which dialogue with the research problem. Furthermore, semistructured interviews were made with watchrepairs of São Paulo city, in order to understand how they reflect about your trajectory in the craft and what strategies they adopt to exercise it today. We observed that the decline of the craft that occurred during informational capitalism, generated others watchrepairs profiles and other work relationships in contemporaneity times. Apart from, we note that if the current flexible world is challeging the watchrepair occupation with their labor relations and digital technology, the watchrepair´s clients network and the collective and individual strategies in the virtual environment have been important for the reproduction of the craft in the contemporaneity.
O uso do teatro para introdução da Astronomia no ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-05) Macedo Junior, Ederaldo Bueno de; Benedetti Filho, Edemar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5963704923612696; Souza, James Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2212240621620011; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0583766356260397
The active participation of students in activities that make sense to them is a very promising alternative to make Physics teaching more interesting and accessible. For that, students must be engaged in creative processes, through which they can act as young scientists communicating science. Another important factor in this process is the contextualization of subjects to be learned in the classroom with their daily lives, even though they have a more theoretical character, through theories and mathematical models, or a more observational character, through experiments or analysis of natural phenomena. Learning science through theater has the potential to bring together science and art inquiry. Students can learn science in a creative way while implementing a theatrical performance related to scientific concepts. In this work we use theater as a teaching methodology to introduce astronomy concepts in high school. We developed the script for a play called “Crazy System”, which was presented at a science fair at a private school in Mogi Guaçu city at São Paulo state. In the theatrical performance we explore concepts such as the geocentric and heliocentric systems, the movements of the Sun, Earth and Moon, days, nights, seasons, solar and lunar eclipses, tides, among others. The play was conducted by the teacher and the students themselves and presented to a general audience, quite diverse, in a playful and fun way. With this proposal it was possible to make the students understand the scientific concepts and the phenomena addressed, as well as to develop a spirit of cooperation and teamwork, allowing them to actively participate in the negotiation of the scientific concepts covered in the play, developing creative and thinking skills. Furthermore, as a dissemination activity, the students' theatrical performance contributed significantly to bring the school closer to society and to develop their own social and entrepreneurial skills.
Criptografia em uma abordagem elementar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-05) Sampaio, Pedro Valim; Seixas, Wladimir; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1697352974728327; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2799119037192143
This work succinctly presents historical and mathematical aspects of ancient and modern cryptography such as Caesar cipher, related ciphers, Vigenère cipher, Hill cipher and RSA cryptography. Guidance on the subject of cryptography and related activities in high school is sought at the BNCC and PCN-EM. The work develops mathematical requirements for an elementary understanding of the cryptographic systems studied. Among these requirements we have elementary concepts such as matrices, modular arithmetic and number theory, which are used in the presented cryptography theories. Some activities for the elementary school teacher to apply in their classes are suggested at the end.
Síntese e caracterização de nanopartículas semicondutoras de ZnO@Carbono com estrutura tipo núcleo-casca
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-05) Martins, Tiago Almeida; Longo, Elson; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9848311210578810; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3330432870882896
In these study, nanoparticles with a core-shell structure of oxide zinc-carbon (ZnO@Carbon) were synthesized using the simple thermal decomposition method of Zn(CH3CO2)2•2H2O in a conventional electric furnace and a hybrid heat/microwave furnace. The ZnO@Carbon powders were characterized by structural, optical and photocatalytic techniques, aiming to analyze the structural order-disorder effects of their components. Initially, only samples synthesized by the conventional electric furnace were studied and it was observed that the order or disorder level of both the ZnO and the carbon shell dramatically affect the photoluminescent and photocatalytic properties of the ZnO@C composites. Furthermore, was clarify that the photocatalytic mechanisms of some particles of ZnO@Carbon is dependent of the type of light used (UV or visible). ZnO@Carbon particles were synthesized through a hybrid heat/microwave furnace and an electric furnace at the same temperatures. The microwaves generated changes in morphology, crystallinity and carbon proportion of particles. The hybrid furnace also reduce the minimal synthesis temperature for synthesis of ZnO@Carbon particles, thus obtaining a sample with 4 times the concentration of carbon obtained in a conventional electric oven. These sample allow understand better how changes in carbon materials affect the photoluminescent profiles and the photocatalytic activity of ZnO@Carbon particles, in addition to enabling a better adsorption capacity of ZnO@Carbon particles, generated by the greater composition of mass of carbon in the particles.