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Caracterização eletroquímica do eletrólito sólido NASICON Li1,5Al0,5Ge1,5(PO4)3 (LAGP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-17) Zallocco, Vinicius Martins; Bocchi, Nerilso; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5930614700886481; Rodrigues, Ana Candida Matins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4499231813051400; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4362459556444465
Solutions to the environmental and social challenges of postmodern society converge on a common point: sustainability. Doing more with less and using environmentally friendly materials is imperative. Energy storage is critical to today's society. Some state-of-the-art limits for the current lithium-ion batteries need to be overcome in this scenario, including greater operational safety. Many research groups study several alternatives. Thus, this work aims to contribute to the development of improved solid-state batteries. Among the plentiful factors that contribute to the correct functioning of a battery, the electrochemical stability window of the electrolyte is one of them. In solid electrolytes, in general, this electrochemical stability window is overestimated due to the slow solid-state reaction kinetics. In fact, methods employing computer simulation have shown that the electrochemical stability of some solid electrolytes is lower than that estimated by experimental methods. Thus, the present work proposes studying the electrochemical stability window of the solid electrolyte NASICON Li1,5Al0,5Ge1,5(PO4)3 (LAGP) through cyclic voltammetry with three different cell configurations, one of which would be capable of detecting the real electrochemical stability window of solid electrolytes.
Pibid e saberes profissionais: uma análise desse paralelismo sob a ótica de professores em início de carreira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-17) Joi, Stephanie Gonçalves; Onofre, Márcia Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7176529351192598; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9840185362964726
The beginning of teaching reveals itself as a phase under construction, permeated by challenges, perspectives and knowledge mobilized by teachers from different sources (historicity, training, experience). It is a transitional phase between initial training and professional practice considered decisive in the teaching career and, therefore, requires a look at research and discussions in the area. In view of this premise and aiming to collaborate with the deepening of research in this field, this study aims to analyze the parallelism between PIBID and professional knowledge, through the eyes of program graduates, contributing to the advancement of research in the field of teacher professionalization. The research outline is focused on the analysis of 15 beginning teachers, graduates of the Pedagogy/UFSCar course and who participated in the program, starting from the question about: what is the perspective of beginning teachers in relation to the professional knowledge that emerges from the actions of the PIBID/UFSCar Pedagogy and do they contribute to the initial training and professional performance of teachers at the beginning of their career? To answer this question, we will use as theoretical contributions and researchers in the area: Bozzini et al. (2018), Cruz et al. (2014), Gatti et al. (2014) and Sousa (2012; 2010) to discuss the historicity and contributions of PIBID; Tardif (1991, 2000, 2002) and Nóvoa (2009; 2019a; 2019b), to discuss teaching knowledge; Oliveira (2011), Mizukami, et al. (2014), for the discussion about teachers starting their careers. A qualitative research was carried out (BOGDAN AND BIKLEN, 1991; LUDKE AND ANDRÉ, 1986), and an exploratory-descriptive study (GIL, 2008; SELLTIZ et al. 1965), developed through questionnaires, with open and closed questions aimed at graduates in Pedagogy – UFSCar, PIBID graduates who participated in the program between 2015 and 2017. Based on these theoretical references, the data were analyzed and organized into five axes of analysis – identity profile of the participants; professional profile of the participants; vision of initial formation; view on participation in PIBID; vision of the experience/beginning of teaching. The results of the study show how the program offers numerous contributions to initial training and insertion into the teaching career, strengthening the parallel between training and profession; the construction of experiential knowledge enhanced by disciplinary and curricular knowledge; reflection on pedagogical practice; the use of different methodologies; the search for different teaching proposals and, consequently, greater security at the beginning of teaching.
Identificação automática de rampas de acessibilidade apoiada por visão computacional a partir de imagens panorâmicas street-level
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-17) Olivatto, Tatiane Ferreira; Melanda, Edson Augusto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1554762456965991; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9393161489259379
Despite the legal provision for accessibility in urban public spaces, most sidewalks in Brazil are not endorsed with accessibility curb ramps. For people with reduced mobility, especially wheelchair users, both the absence of accessibility ramps and the lack of knowledge about their presence or not in a given location, restricts independent urban mobility and often discourages the movement of these agents, causing exclusion in the process of urban spaces democratization. The lack of information related to the location of these infrastructures is mainly due to the reduced availability of databases that cover them. Despite initiatives to map them, many methodologies become technically or economically unfeasible, such as the use of satellite images and field surveys. At the same time, the use of street-level images combined with artificial intelligence techniques, such as computer vision and neural networks, have been widely used to collect data on urban infrastructure. Seeking an alternative to this issue, the objective of this work was to use street-level images to build a labelled image dataset and enable the identification of accessibility curb ramps on sidewalks through object detection. To this end, the work began by obtaining Google Street View panoramas in a strategic way, based on census information on the occurrence of ramps and population strata. The accessibility curb ramps identified in these images were manually labeled for the construction of that image database and used in the training and validation of a convolutional neural network of the YOLOv4 object detector. From then on, training was performed varying pre-processing techniques and training parameters, thus, it was found that the use of Tiling and the use of pre-trained weights resulted in an average validation accuracy of the order of 65%. The main limitation of the research occurred in this stage, due to computational memory limitations for processing. Tests indicated that the network detects objects with an average accuracy of 85%, identifying about 77% of the objects in the test set. The resulting convolutional weights allowed ramps detection with varied designs, however, the neural network had a lower performance in the evaluation of partially occluded slopes or in a poor state of conservation. During the experimental procedures, it was observed that the adoption of the 65% threshold for detection accuracy led to a better balance between the number of correct and incorrect detections, as well as to enable the identification of proportionally small objects. The labeled image dataset elaborated in this work is a relevant contribution, considering that there is currently no similar database for accessibility curb ramps that includes Brazilian cities. In addition, the detector trained to identify curb ramps on public sidewalks proved effective, enhancing future applications that may involve the mapping of these infrastructures, the inclusion of other classes and the development of more elaborate applications.