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Metamemória e Doença de Alzheimer
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-24)
Perches, Lucas Gonçalves
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Schelini, Patrícia Waltz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6185333517392859
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4883101787527650
Alzheimer's Disease is a degenerative disease that mainly affects the cognitive function of memory and because many of the patients are unaware of their own difficulties, their ability to properly judge their mnemonic functions is considered. Metacognition is associated with understanding one's own cognitive functions, so that metamemory is the ability to know, monitor and control the mnemonic process. The objective of this work is to compare the metacognitive knowledge and monitoring, specifically in relation to metamemory, of elderly people with signs of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and elderly people without signs of cognitive decline. Participants were divided into two groups: the first group consisted of 13 elderly people, aged between 62 and 75 years, with no indications of cognitive decline; the second group consisted of 5 elderly people diagnosed with Alzheimer's Disease at a mild level, aged between 66 and 65 years. The NEUPSILIN memory subtests and the Metacognitive Judgments Register were used, which aims at the participant to indicate the knowledge about his mnemonic ability and estimate his performance after the application of the memory subtests. Descriptive statistics, Man-Whitney test and correlational analyzes were performed involving metacognitive knowledge, performance in memory subtests and judgment of performance. The results indicated that the two groups of elderly people showed little knowledge about their own memory and the elderly with Alzheimer's tended to overestimate their performance in relation to working memory and semantic episodic verbal memory.
Uma heurística de desenvolvimento de tecnologia comportamental para redução do estigma direcionado a estudantes com transtorno do espectro do autismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-24)
Perkoski, Izadora Ribeiro
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Elias, Nassim Chamel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4216525883778695
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2566274872956122
Technology can be defined as a way to solve important human problems. Behavioral technology, specifically, is applying the scientific findings of Behavior Analysis to solve socially relevant behavioral problems. Despite strengthening itself as a scientific perspective of Psychology, being a well-defined field of knowledge, and with a prolific production of data, there are still few investigations about the transposition of behavioral-analytic science to technology development. The aim of this thesis is to propose a heuristic for the development of behavioral technologies and demonstrate its application to a complex problem in the domain of Special Education. As specific objectives, we seek to define, based on the literature, what behavioral technology is; Propose and describe a heuristic for the creation of behavioral technology; Describe the application of the proposed heuristic in the design of a game manual to reduce stigma through structured contact between children with and without ASD. Several methods were applied at each stage of the research. The heuristic was described based on the specialized literature, and a systematic procedure to develop behavioral interventions was created. Evidence was collected using systematic review, and the operational definition process also sought to follow a procedure replicable by other researchers. The development process of the behavioral intervention was described step-by-step, allowing for replication and future iterations. This thesis is structured in three main chapters, two additional chapters, and the created game manual presented as an appendix. The three main chapters go from the theoretical definition of behavioral technology and the functional description of the behaviors that make up the behavior of the behavior analyst in the development of technology, in Chapter 1, through the proposal of a heuristic procedure for the construction of behavioral technologies, in Chapter 2, ending with the demonstration of the application of this heuristic to a natural environment problem (the facilitation of non-stigmatizing interactions between children with and without ASD), in Chapter 3. The two additional chapters are the results of collecting the necessary information for the construction of the game proposed in Chapter 3: a conceptual study of stigmatizing behavior and a proposed operational definition based on empirical literature (Additional Chapter 1); and a systematic review of the literature, evaluating the tools with the strongest evidence in reducing stigma in the school environment (Additional Chapter 2). It is expected that the adoption of a structured procedure for the development of behavioral interventions, when applied to the context of combating the stigmatization of children with ASD, will help in the production of future effective intervention tools. Despite the description of a systematic way of creating the tool, it is important to emphasize that the detailed description of the process of developing technology cannot replace its empirical evaluation. Thus, we hope that in the future efficacy and generalization tests, hampered by the SarsCov2 virus pandemic, can be conducted. Empirical evaluation is indispensable for characterizing a behavioranalytic technology as such.
Estudo teórico: da adsorção de etanol em clusters de Cun e Aun (n = 10-20)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-24)
Martínez, Manuel Ricardo Fuentes
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López-Castillo, Alejandro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2599181118729458
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3319380434766052
In this work, we study aggregates, which we will call clusters of copper and gold with and without the adsorbed ethanol molecule. First, we investigated the most favorable positions for ethanol adsorption to occur in metallic clusters. Then, we used three methods to obtain, a priori, these positions with possession only of the clusters without performing calculations with the adsorbed molecule. These methods are the Fukui indices, the interaction of point charges around the metallic cluster, and a geometric index, which gives how close or far apart the metallic atoms are in the isolated cluster in question. These positions obtained are then confronted with those from a later calculation of the cluster and ethanol set. With this, we established the predictive power of the methods used to obtain the best adsorption positions. Gold and copper nanoclusters have been extensively studied in several theoretical works using density functional theory. The present work used the density functional theory, using the hybrid exchange and correlation functional B3LYP and the base set def-SVP and later def-TZVPP. The objective is to compare energy character between several clusters with sizes of 10 to 20 atoms, obtained from the literature. Our studies do not have the nature of being systematic. Instead, develop and carry out a critical analysis of models that could study the adsorption of molecules in metallic clusters. Several theoretical studies indicate that ethanol preferentially adsorbs on metallic nanoclusters via nucleophilic attack by the oxygen-free electronic pair. This work includes the D3 Grimme scattering approximation to correct for van der Waals (vdW) effects. According to the results obtained, it was observed that there is no clear relationship between the energy analysis of the clusters, such as the binding energy (BE) (or the second energy difference (∆2E)) and the adsorption energy of ethanol (Eads). After adsorption of the ethanol molecule, some gold clusters deform their initial geometry in the region of 12 to 18 atoms. This problem is not frequent in copper clusters. The adsorption energy in copper clusters varies from -0.65 to -1.16 eV and, for gold clusters, the adsorption energy varies from -0.40 to -0.75 eV. Our studies showed that metallic clusters might have different stabilities due to geometric deformation against the adsorption of molecules. The studies carried out here will help the development of ethanol catalysis in metallic clusters.
Dinâmica geomorfológica, condicionantes morfoestruturais e terraços fluviais na bacia hidrográfica do rio Itapetininga - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-24)
Siqueira Ribeiro, Richard Vinícius
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Arruda, Emerson Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3883710507177933
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1548286684102687
Esta investigación involucró la caracterización geomorfológica de la cuenca del río Itapetininga mediante del análisis de la evolución regional de las unidades de relieve de la cuenca en cuestión y también las limitaciones morfoestructurales y su relación con los ambientes depositacionales y la dinámica de la red de drenaje. Se buscó comprender los procesos que influyen en la morfodinámica regional y local, especialmente en lo que respecta a la dinámica fluvial y su papel en la disección, transporte y consecuente acumulación del depósitos correlativos en destintas zonas. El área de estudio se ubica en la porción sureste del estado del San Pablo, entre las morfoesculturas de la Depresión Periférica Paulista y la Meseta Atlántica, introduciendo una complejidad en cuanto a la tipología de relieve y el padron de la red de drenaje. El objetivo del trabajo fue comprender la evolución del paisaje desde del análisis de terrazas y llanuras y su relación con el cambio climático Cuaternario y los procesos neotectónicos. En cuanto al método, optamos por el enfoque sistémico del Christofolleti (1981) y la metodología se guió por técnicas morfométricas, análisis de modelos de relieve, elaboración del mapas temáticos y análisis físico del depósitos correlactivos. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que el área de estudio fue influenciada por eventos tectónicos relacionados con la apertura del Océano Atlántico y estructuras de fallas preexistentes y también por eventos climáticos Cuaternarios, principalmente de las fases húmeda y semihúmeda del Holoceno Superior e Inferior. El cruce de técnicas y datos permitió una comprensión general de los mecanismos que interfieren en la morfogénesis de la cuenca hidrográfica y que, en consecuencia, demuestran procesos relacionados con los últimos miles de años.
Fatores relacionados com adoção e aderência de aplicativos móveis de atividade física por idosos: uma revisão de escopo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-24)
Lorenzi, Lorena Jorge
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Castro, Paula Costa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3790263464498111
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Gomes, Grace Angélica de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9231669265846900
Introduction: Many problems that occur with aging are related to an unhealthy lifestyle. Physical activity (PA) helps to prevent disease and promote health, promoting a healthier lifestyle. One strategy to promote the practice of healthy habits, such as AF, is the use of mobile device applications. However, the elderly population faces difficulties and barriers regarding these technologies. It becomes important, then, to identify the scientific literature on the subject in order to collaborate in the improvement and/or creation of PA applications that are more accessible to this audience. Thus, the objective of this investigation is to map the factors related to adoption and/or adherence to PA mobile apps by the elderly. Methods: In this section, two manuscripts of the scoping review were presented, the first is the protocol with methodological aspects and the second the complete review with the results. Regarding the review methods, searches were performed in five databases, with a strategy developed from terms such as adoption, adherence, factors, mobile applications, PA and elderly. In addition, two additional strategies were performed by checking the list of references of the included and searching Google Scholar. Studies available from 2010 to the date of the search in English, Portuguese or Spanish, that had factors specific to the elderly, were included. The selection of studies was performed by two reviewers in five steps: identification of studies in the databases and removal of duplicates; pilot test; selection by titles and abstracts; inclusion by full texts and realization of additional strategies. Disagreements in the steps were resolved by a third reviewer. Data were extracted by two reviewers using a form. Quantitative data were reported in a narrative form and qualitative data were analyzed through an inductive thematic analysis. Results: The results were presented in the second manuscript, as follows: 12 studies were included in the review, most of which were published after 2017 and half of the studies were published in Switzerland or the United States. The studies had different types of design being the most frequent studies of usability, intervention, interview and design, and product development. In addition, the qualitative approach was the most used and most studies (58.3%) had between 11 and 20 participants. All study participants used at least one PA application and data related to adoption and/or adherence to these applications were collected through different means, such as interviews, focus groups, questionnaires and data from the application itself. The main factors found in relation to adoption were personal factors related to the individual, while for adherence the main factors were the technical reasons related to the application used. Conclusion: This review allowed the identification of specific factors for the elderly public, which could help in the development and improvement of mobile PA applications, increasing the adoption and adherence of this audience and, consequently, the practice of PA.
Aplicação do concreto de ultra alto desempenho em viga pré-moldada protendida para pontes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-25)
Barbosa, Jadson da Silva
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Parsekian, Guilherme Aris
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7798651726059215
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6148867207982925
Several requirements and challenges of modern construction motivated the development of High-Performance Concrete (HPC) and later, with the advance of the research, the Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC). Due to the seek for a concrete that was not only higher in compressive strength, but also with good tensile and ductility behavior, self-compacting, and very high durability. Composed primarily by portland cement, silica fume, quartz powder, small aggregate, steel fibers, super plasticizing additives and water, UHPC first research was developed around 1990 in France and Canada. This material can reach high strength, in the range of 150 MPa to 800 MPa for compression and 5 MPa to 100 MPa for tension, with high ductility. These characteristics allow more durable and slender structures. In addition, there is the possibility to reduce or eliminate the passive reinforcements, in particular shear. The aim of this work is to introduce criteria for structural design using UHPC, as well as its composition, production, curing methods and the main factors that hinder its use in a greater number of constructions. This text organizes all relevant information on the topic, developing a material capable of guiding engineers in the design of structures using this technology, and with that, to encourage their use in the various fields of the civil construction industry in Brazil. The research is composed by a literature review including research already developed on the subject in Brazil and in several other countries, describing the main constructions already executed with this material, design criteria, constructive details and the characteristics that differs it from conventional concretes. As application examples, prestressed bridge girder beam designs are developed using the CUAD and compared with prestressed concrete design using conventional concrete for a feasibility analysis. With the study, it was possible to clearly expose all the information necessary for its design, production and structural application, in addition to providing a material capable of guiding the design of structures using UHPC and also serving as a contribution to future technical normalization.
Professoras de creche, saberes profissionais e BNCC: delimitando as fronteiras dessa relação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-25)
Ribeiro, Ligia Leite
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Onofre, Márcia Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7176529351192598
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2366555565349219
Early Childhood Education started having some attention about 30 years ago, recognizing its actors and protagonists. With that, laws and documents were elaborated, to deconstruct the welfare stigma carried by Children's Education teachers, especially those working at day care centers. Currently, the BNCC (Base Nacional Comum Curricular) is the guiding document regarding actions and practices of teachers, and a mandatory reference for these institutions. Therefore, we start with the premise on the imposition of Public Policies in the field of Early Childhood Education. In the case of BNCC, reflected as a guiding document for teaching actions. In this sense, this study suggests the following reflections: How do nursery teachers understand the BNCC and how have those regulations reflected in their practices? To what extent have the professional knowledge of these teachers been recognized and articulated in the actions of the BNCC? In order to answer these questions, we analyze the perception of daycare teachers about the implementation of BNCC and its impact on their actions and on the recognition of their professional knowledge. Thus, in order to deepen the investigated object and its peculiarities, three specific objectives were defined: profile the professional identity of the teachers, investigate how daycare teachers interpret and use BNCC regulations in their actions, understand which professional knowledge is mobilized by the teachers in their practices and to what extent this knowledge is valued and aligned with BNCC. In order to reach these goals, qualitative research was carried out, through an exploratory-descriptive study, following four stages of analysis. The first stage refers to a bibliographic survey, looking for studies in the area, that appear in the CAPES and UFSCar research archives. The second stage consisted in a theoretical survey, looking up to authors in the field of professionalization of teaching, early childhood education and public policies, with a focus on the BNCC. The fourth stage was done through a documental analysis on normative documents of national and municipal levels, related to the studied topic. And for the last stage, a questionnaire was applied to 15 teachers who work in a daycare center from a town in São Paulo state. Data was grouped into three axes of analysis, focusing on identity profile, professional knowledge and BNCC. The research results pointed to the absence of teachers' political participation in the implementation of actions, the lack of valuation of professional knowledge both at the BNCC and in the documents prepared by the SME and the nonexistence of perspectives that see the professionals as producers of their know-how in the context of the day care center.
Avaliação da influência de revestimento em compósito cimentício dúctil e sustentável no reforço de alvenaria estrutural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-25)
Veronese, Renato Baiochi Alves
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Parsekian, Guilherme Aris
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7798651726059215
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0086015653072281
This work aims to evaluate the use of a reinforcement system to strengthen structural masonry panels under vertical and lateral load. The reinforcement system is the Eco-friendly Ductile Cementitious Composite (EDCC). This is a ductile material used for repair and reinforcement of structural masonry walls. The first part of methodology consists in analyzing the structural behavior of masonry reinforced with EDCC, based on experimental test results performed by the research group. The study assessed the influence of the EDCC on masonry compression, flexure, and shear strength. The second part of the methodology consists of finite element modelling of the experimental tests, to calibrate valid models for the correct simulation of the tests. It was possible to determine accurate models simulating the behavior of masonry coated with EDCC submitted to compression, flexure, and shear loads. A formulation to predict the coated masonry compression load capacity is derivate from the models results. The models and the experimental tests returned positive values in relation to the use of EDCC with reinforcement material, showing that there is an increase in strength and ductility of the walls with the increase of the EDCC layer.
A cor do sagrado: iconografia e poética nas religiões de matriz africana - por uma educação antirracista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-25)
Campos, Claudia Iara Dias de
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Ambrózio, Aldo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0680232021190747
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Ferreira, Dulcinéia de Fátima
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9339578170693084
Esta investigación pretende mapear las vivencias estéticas del imaginario de las religiones afrobrasileñas Matrix a partir de las vivencias de las fiestas terreiro visitadas, tejiendo una interpretación iconográfica de las producciones plásticas presentes en estos cultos a través de la mirada de mi. Analizar la simbología de los colores, las formas presentes en estas imágenes, abren posibilidades de reflexión de la representación estética afrobrasileña en la enseñanza de las artes, contribuyendo al estudio de las africanidades a través de una educación antirracista y decolonial.
Couve-crespa hidropônica: efeitos de espaçamentos e número de plantas por célula
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-25)
Noboa, Caio Salvador
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Purquerio, Luis Felipe Villani
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5391975384650292
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Sala, Fernando César
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6771975466075202
The consumption of kale is increasing in Brazil, and curly kale, which has a high nutritional value, is not widespread. Kale is sold in bunches of adult leaves, however, there is the possibility of growing in bunches of young plants in a hydroponic system, which has several advantages, however, densities have not been tested. Thus, the aim was to generate information about the hydroponic cultivation in NFT of curly kale in bunches of young plants, with a study of spacing (0.07; 0.11; 0.15; and 0.20 m) and number of plants per cell (one, two, three, and four), in different seasons (winter and summer), aiming to improve the productivity, quality, and homogeneity of kale. In winter, plant height was higher with smaller spacing; nutrient, ash, fiber, and lipid contents were within normal limits; moisture, protein and total carbohydrate contents were lower than those reported for curly kale, but similar to those reported for collards. In summer, there was no statistical difference in plant height. In both periods, with the smaller spacing the higher was the productivity; with less plants per cell the larger were the leaf dimensions and the more homogeneous were the different plants of the same cell. Thus, the desired product in the cultivation of hydroponic kale in bunches of young plants is decisive for choosing spacing and numbers of plants per cell, since different choices bring different productivities, number and sizes of leaves. The hydroponic system is technically viable for curly kale production throughout the year, providing plants of good nutritional quality.
Photoredox-mediated aminoalkylation and carbamoylation of azomethine imines
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-25)
Matsuo, Bianca Taeko
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Paixão, Márcio Weber
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3773908504964104
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7132413005598347
Over the past decade, the organic synthetic community has witnessed the emergence of a new and complementary approach to the conventional radical chemistry. Photochemistry has proven to be a powerful and more sustainable tool through the photoredox catalysis concepts, which are based on the use of organic and metallic photocatalysts capable of absorbing visible light irradiation and converting it into electrochemical potential, promoting the rationalization of new disconnections that are not viable or difficult to be achieved by conventional methods. Nitrogen-centered 1,3-dipoles are considered key building blocks for the preparation of five-membered heterocyclic compounds and are widely explored in (3 + 2) cycloaddition reactions. Despite the advances in translating these reactions under photocatalytic conditions, the use of such dipoles - except for nitrones and azides - remains scarcely explored. Among this class of versatile compounds, azomethine imines presents a zwitterionic nature that have been mainly explored in 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions and only few reports involving photoisomerization and photocyclization promoted by ultraviolet irradiation were disclosed in the literature. In this scenario, we initially became interested in exploring the reactivity of azomethine imines under visible-light irradiation. To this end, we envisioned that the easily generated and reactive α-aminoalkyl radicals would be ideal coupling partners for the development of a new photoredox functionalization strategy of azomethine ions leading to the synthesis of N-(β-aminoalkyl) pyrazolidinones under mild reaction conditions. Having proven the reactive potential of these species under the photoredox catalysis, we then challenged them in a one-electron approach for amide bond installation in the presence of readily available and stable 4-carbamoyl-1,4-dihydropyridines as carbamoyl radical source. The principal relevance of the developed protocol relies on the rich nature of the accessed compounds, as a library of diversified amino acid derivatives, including more complex substrates and drug derivatives. We demonstrated that photoredox catalysis is an excellent strategy for the a-functionalization of azomethine imines, leading to an easy access to high functionalized compounds through a new a-amino functionalization protocol and by installing amide bonds. The potential of the developed methods was demonstrated preparing complex examples involving peptides, pharmaceutical ingredients, and sterically hindered amides.
A deliberação CEE/SP nº 111/2012 e a perspectiva da autonomia universitária: uma leitura a partir do Departamento de Educação da UNESP/Rio Preto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-25)
Sena, Marcos Danillo Lopes de
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Rothen, José Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1942510389127549
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8446562627528281
In this master's thesis, we conducted a study about the role of the State Council of Education in the organization, administration and regulation of public universities in the state of São Paulo. As a research objective, we analyze the process of external regulation exercised by CEE/SP, focusing on the case of the Department of Education of the São José do Rio Preto "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" State University of São Paulo (UNESP) through the implementation of CEE Deliberation No. 111/2012. The Deliberation CEE nº 111/2012 was one of the milestones in the clashes of the relationship between the CEE/SP and the public universities in the state, since it proposed reformulations for the undergraduate courses and established changes in the Curricular Matrices, which is a setback in teacher training policies for basic education by hurting university autonomy. A brief journey through the history of university autonomy, which, among other researchers, has Marilena Chauí as a scholar. The author's writings regarding university autonomy were the gateway to the theoretical understanding of this research. Besides Chauí (2018), we used as reference to understand the concept of autonomy authors such as: Cury (1991); Sobrinho (1992); Mancebo (1999); Mendonça (2000); Kinzo (2001); Cunha (2003); Deligdisch (2004); Fávero (2004); Trindade (2004); Lima (2005), among others. The methodological path used is bibliographic, documental and semi-structured interviews, being a descriptive qualitative approach. In the documental analysis, the laws of creation of the São Paulo State Board of Education are analyzed, as well as the normative devices elaborated by this body, as in the case of Deliberation CEE nº 111/2012. The documentary research also included institutional documents from the creation of UNESP, the university's internal regulations, and public domain documents found on the university's official website. In conducting the interviews, it was possible to see that the Council maintains an energetic relationship with the universities, and in the case of the implementation of 111/2012, it acted in an arbitrary manner. It is important to remember that the CEE/SP acts (or should) as a guiding body, regulator, and accreditor of the basic education schools of the state network, of the private network, and of the courses of public higher education institutions in the state. In the analysis of the interviews and documents, it was found that Deliberation CEE nº 111/2012 proposes modification in the formative structure of courses that emphasize a greater emphasis on practical training. University autonomy is an ongoing process; it is a permanent struggle of resistance against the neoliberal agenda model. The work proposes to continue provoking the debate and reflections about the limits of the CEE and the resistance of universities to maintain their guarantees of didactic and scientific autonomy.
Crianças haitianas na educação infantil em Sorocaba - SP (2011-2019)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-26)
Lorzing, Renata de Moura Santos
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Santos, Maria Walburga dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2954227254025696
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5609251698893928
International migrations is a subject discussed all over the world in the most diverse areas of knowledge, including Education. This research aims to understand and understand the processes of welcoming Haitian children in public preschools in the city of Sorocaba-SP, Brazil. We also seek to identify and analyze the role that interactions and games – guiding principles of Early Childhood Education, according to the National Curriculum Guidelines for Early Childhood Education (Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais da Educação Infantil - DCNEIs) – can play in this embracement. It also intends to raise available references and deepen readings and studies on the relationship between migration and education. It also seeks, through interviews with teachers, to identify the main challenges encountered in the experiences with Haitian children, who, in addition to being migrants, are black. In addition, this academic thesis aims to analyze official documents of the Department of Education in order to draw an overview of migrant children enrolled in the public network of early childhood education in Sorocaba. We base our studies on migration on Katia Norões (2016, 2018, 2020), Abdelmalek Sayad (1998), Ethel Volfzon Kosminsky (2000), Demartini (2011, 2012, 2017). The methodology is based on qualitative research, with literature review and analysis of interviews with teachers. The survey's findings indicate that the number of Haitian children enrolled in the municipal network of Sorocaba is large and that the challenges faced by teachers are also large. Among these challenges are the lack of public policies aimed at migrant children and communication with children and their families (language).
Secagem convectiva da folha de Aroeira (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) em tambor rotativo com parede perfurada: influência das condições operacionais na preservação da cor e compostos bioativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-26)
Silva, Raissa Henrique
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Ferreira, Maria do Carmo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7070885875161111
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0965346519179355
This study investigated drying aroeira (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) leaves in a rotating dryer with a perforated wall to evaluate the influence of operating conditions in the preservation of color, and bioactive compounds of leaves. The fresh leaves were characterized through the measurement of dimensions, moisture content, color attributes (L*, a*, and b*), the concentration of total phenolic compounds (CFT), and antioxidant activity (AA). In drying tests performed both in a natural convection oven and in a thin-layer fixed-bed, under temperatures of 50 and 70°C and air velocities of 0.3 and 0.9 m/s, it was verified a significant influence of the air temperature on the drying rate and that internal mass transfer mechanisms control the drying process. The drying conditions in the rotating drum was evaluated through a fractional 2(4-1) experimental design. The air temperature and velocity, the charge (mass) of leaves in the drum, and the drum rotation speed were the investigated factors in this design. The results showed that the drying rate in the rotating drum was strongly dependent on the temperature and, in some conditions, it also depended on the air velocity and the charge of leaves. It was found from the ANOVA that the air temperature was the only statistically significant variable (p-value<0.1) to estimate the drying time and a*/b* ratio (which quantifies the leaf color deterioration). Experimental curves of moisture content versus time were fitted to empirical drying kinetic equations. From the tested equations, the Midilli was the one that best fit the experimental data (R²>0.9924; RMSE<0.0321 and X²<0.0010). Based on the results of the fractional design, a Central Composite Rotational Design (DCCR) was carried out to evaluate the influence of operating variables on the drying time and quality attributes. The assays were conducted under a fixed rotating speed (3 rpm), air temperature varying between 50 and 60°C, air velocity between 0.3 to 0.9m/s, and charge of leaves between 100 and 200g. A decrease in the CFT and AA and an increase in the ratio a*/b* were observed. Regression analysis showed that the temperature, air velocity, and mass of leaves were statistically significant variables for the drying time and a*/b* ratio. The statistical models showed optimal regions laying between Tar > 55°C, var > 0.6 m/s combined with m < 120g, for shorter drying times and, overall, Tar < 53°C for less deterioration. The optimization based on the desirability function indicated that the optimal condition for the shortest drying time (390 min) and the least color deterioration (-0.0782) was achieved under a temperature of 52.3°C, air velocity of 0.86 m/s and charge of leaves of 181.67g.
Caracterização ambiental da Sub-bacia do Rio Claro, no município de Santa Rita do Passa Quatro - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-26)
Pelegrini, Mariana dos Santos
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Arruda, Emerson Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3883710507177933
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6011606701697310
The rapid growth of the population, combined with socioeconomic activities, results in a continuous and intense pressure on natural resources, causing transformations in the units of a given environment. In this context, the objective of this research was to characterize the physical elements that make up the Sub-Basin of Rio Claro, located in Santa Rita do Passa Quatro, SP, seeking thematic mappings to aid in a better visualization of the space and analysis of the components, being necessary understand the influence that the area surrounding this basin exerts on the municipality. For this, the influence of hydrography, slope, soil types, hypsometry, relief forms and land use and occupation that directly affect the location were analyzed. This influence was evaluated in terms of the dynamics of the topography and also the urban expansion in the area. Finally, the analysis of the information collected indicated points that present a medium to high degree of fragility, both potential and emerging, being these places susceptible to processes of environmental impacts such as erosion, silting, degradation of APPs, among others. The need for reassessment of land use and occupation is then verified, and it is revealed that the work can support future planning and territorial management projects in the municipality.
Linguagem escrita na educação infantil: práticas de uma professora pesquisadora
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-26)
Betoni, Suzana Tais
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Tomazzetti, Cleonice Maria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4821077407620769
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6825506259282080
This research aimed to analyze the written language practices developed by the researcher herself as a teacher of the group of children in the last stage of Early Childhood Education (phase 6) in 2019, in an educational unit of the municipal school system of a city in the interior of São Paulo State. The chosen methodology was the exploratory qualitative research conducted out through documentary research and the autoethnographic approach. Data analysis was carried out from the researcher teacher's pedagogical records, using her annual plan, her weekly plan and photographic records of the written language practices accomplished that year. The development of the investigation took place from a framework composed of theoretical contribution of works by reference authors in written language in Early Childhood Education in the historical-cultural perspective; a bibliographical survey of academic productions on the subject was also made in the publications of ANPEd's works, according to the State of Question methodology, and a brief interpretation of official guidance documents and what they propose for the teaching of written language in early childhood education which, as well as the theoretical reference, contributed to the dialogue with the analysis of the pedagogical documents. From this analysis, we sought to understand how the researcher teacher conducted these practices, considering the children's specificities and the playful dimension in this work. The study pointed out that the researcher teacher performed several practices involving mostly written language, with games and a playful dimension, besides the social use of writing, which is in line with what is recommended by the historical-cultural approach. In addition to these, activities of a mechanical nature were identified, such as outlining the dotted lines of letters and copies of words, since writing was approached out of context and meaning for the children. The analysis of these practices supported by theoretical contributions enabled a reflective process, leading the researcher teacher to a process of reframing her work. It was identified, therefore, that this study caused changes in conceptions and actions based on the reflection of its own practice. As a result, the research reaffirms and proposes the written language practices developed with children whereas the social use of writing was performed in an interactive way, with playful aspects and interactions, in line with what the historical-cultural approach advocates. This result will be shared as a product with Early Childhood Education teachers, enabling a reflective process on written language practices among peers.
AIDS e envelhecimento homossexual: representações gerontológicas e a linguagem da patologia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-26)
Ferreira, João Paulo
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Escudeiro, Richard Miskolci
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1623888309974862
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9428095523556498
This thesis sociologically explores the continuities and ruptures of research on homosexuality and aging from 1970 to 2018. Specifically, it inquiries how the biogerontological sciences have represented homosexuality under the analytical perspective “inclusion-difference”. This prism, called the “inclusion-difference paradigm”, was crystallized mainly in the 1990s in research policies involving funding, recruitment and selection of populations for experimental and randomized studies in the United States. That is, when the so-called “special groups” were included in clinical research funded by the National Institute of Health, and sociological categories were reincorporated into the studies in the form of both political and epidemiological imperatives. The results attest, first, that the representations of homosexuality in (bio)gerontology were split by the sexual panic caused by the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the 1980s and 1990s. Secondly, they allow us to visualize how the discourse for “inclusion” was constituted in association with “difference”, not necessarily providing a more positive vocabulary to people socially demarcated as part of “special groups”. In this context, this study also examined the centrality acquired by the language of pathology during the deadliest period of the HIV-AIDS epidemic – 1981 to 2000 –, confirming not only its descriptive but normative configurations. The language of pathology formed during AIDS epidemic, as evidenced by the data, was closely linked to moralizing discourses, even after the commercial availability of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART), in 1996. While “high risk”, “gay men”, “MSM”, “person with AIDS” and “anal” syncretized and responded to the already known frameworks of gender and sexuality produced by the biomedical sciences, other processes of stigmatization followed a historically unknown trend in biogerontology. As part of the research developed at Harvard University, in the United States, and in the analysis of the AIDS’ Obituaries section – from more than five thousand death records collected from the editions of the Bay Area Reporter, from 1982 to 2000 –, the study produced original information that allowed us to know how deaths also increased an epidemiological vocabulary that conceived a “mortality prophylaxis” based on racializing descriptions. In methodological terms, the research was based on qualitative and quantitative documentary analysis, carried out in the Web of Science database and in collections on sexuality, history of science and AIDS from the Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger library, from the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, and from the New York Public Library. Empirical evidence shows that there was a kind of “categorical alignment” in relation to biomedical definitions of homosexuality and aging in the context of the inclusion of so-called “special groups” in the 1990s; and the consolidation of a change in the language of pathology since the spread of HIV-AIDS.
A contribuição da iniciação científica para o letramento científico na educação profissional e tecnológica: concepções e práticas a partir de projetos do IFSP-Campinas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-26)
Gomes, Rosana da Silva
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Silva, Márcia Regina da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5381461208053330
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8173562916399025
Introduction. Reflections on science, technology, and society in the school context collaborate to construct the theoretical assumptions. At the same time, they value students' interdisciplinary education, encouraging them to expand, understand, and think about the positive impacts of science and technology in society, as well as to question themselves and take a stand when facing science's inaccuracies and mistakes. On the other hand, scientific literacy, beyond discoursing on science education for all, especially for the students, expatiates on the characteristics of individuals which are considered scientifically literate, dividing them for knowledge levels. The scientific initiation's (IC, in Portuguese) activities, as a curricular component, an institutional program, or part of public education policy, have been shown an essential complement to the improvement and development of technique, scientific and social abilities of the professional and technological education students from the secondary school (EPTNM). Problem. The Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo (IFSP) follows national guidelines but has autonomy for developing IC's related activities. IFSP campus Campinas (IFSP/CMP), specifically, has students and teachers significantly engaged in IC practices. However, these activities have not yet been described and analyzed in the literature. It is understood that a study on the CI process of this institution, from the perspective of scientific literacy theoretical principles, as well as specific public policies, can contribute to the understanding of the construction and experimentation of scientific knowledge in professional technological education. Objective. To investigate and understand the formative contributions of the IC to the students of the EPTNM of the IFSP/CMP and to analyze the research activities regarding the production and dissemination of scientific knowledge through the projects of scientific initiation developed by these students. Methodology. The paper is a case study of the IC program developed at IFSP Campinas. It is characterized as an exploratory and descriptive study, as it goes further in understanding the addressed subject at the same time that it aims to characterize a specific reality, synthesizing the research subjects' outlook. The bibliographical research sources were the Portal de Periódicos da Capes, the SciELO database, and the IBICT's dissertation and thesis database. In the documental analysis were consulted books of the physical libraries of Unicamp and IFSP. For gathering data, a questionnaire was applied to the students who participated in IC in 2019. For the data analysis, it was used the content analysis. Results. The IC program contributes to the critic and scientific training of its participants. Besides that, evidence of science, technology, and society and scientific literacy was found in the analyzed institutional research programs – demonstrating balance in the occurrence of the types of literacy levels addressed. It was also possible to observe the presence of scientific literacy in the speech of the students that answered the questionnaire, in which the most recurrent was the functional scientific literacy.
Metafísica, política e moral na filosofia de Bergson
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-26)
Julião, Luanda Gomes dos Santos
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Marques, Silene Torres
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4822141288006918
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4851784033772298
The objective of this research is to go through the thought of the french philosopher H. Bergson, unraveling some points exposed since his great inaugural work, Essay on the immediate data of conscience, until his last book, The two sources of morals and religion, observing mainly how this philosophy, which largely focused on metaphysics and the delineation of duration, began to take an interest in society, morals, and politics.
Avaliação de vantagens, desvantagens e desafios da renaturalização do lago da Universidade Federal de São Carlos (São Carlos – SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-26)
Lustosa, Gustavo Ezequiel Delfino Pinto
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Povinelli, Silvia Claudia Semensato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3277147492023801
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Mattos, Sérgio Henrique Vannucchi Leme de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8205497519881678
Landscapes with water bodies present ecological elements and processes that guarantee environmental quality and quality of life for the living beings that inhabit or frequent them. Anthropogenic interventions in these watercourses made throughout history, as exemplified by the construction of dams for different purposes, can bring both negative and positive impacts and, therefore, configure themselves as typical 'complex environmental problems'. Such is the case of “UFSCar Lake”, a symbol reservoir of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar – São Carlos campus) formed by the damming of Monjolinho river, but which had to be drained in 2019 due to safety problems in its dam. Since then, alternatives for the water body have been studied, as in addition to the cost of renovating the dam being very high, the management related to it has also become very complex due to current legislation. Because of this, the alternative of renaturalizing Monjolinho river in São Carlos campus of UFSCar has been considered as an adequate solution to this problem. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the challenges, advantages and disadvantages associated with the possible renaturalization of UFSCar Lake in relation to ecosystem services, environmental impacts, safety and economic costs. Therefore, a bibliographical survey of the history of UFSCar Lake was carried out; and technicians, researchers and managers who are specialists in the topics covered in the work and/or were involved in the lake's drainage process were interviewed. The results obtained by crossing primary and secondary data indicated that the damming of the Monjolinho river generated negative impacts on its biota and on the quality of its water. On the other hand, the lake started to perform cultural ecosystem services and shelter a new adapted biota. However, due to the financial limitations and complexity of managing a dam due to recent legal changes, it is very costly for the university to maintain the dam. Therefore, the alternative for the renaturalization of Monjolinho river in the stretch where it crosses the UFSCar is promising, as it would not only be less costly and safer in the long term, it could reduce the environmental impacts generated by the dam as well as create a new symbol for the community. These conclusions are corroborated both by theoretical aspects and national and international examples already carried out in other rivers, as well as shared by the interviewees in this work.