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Linguagem escrita na educação infantil: práticas de uma professora pesquisadora
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-26) Betoni, Suzana Tais; Tomazzetti, Cleonice Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4821077407620769; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6825506259282080
This research aimed to analyze the written language practices developed by the researcher herself as a teacher of the group of children in the last stage of Early Childhood Education (phase 6) in 2019, in an educational unit of the municipal school system of a city in the interior of São Paulo State. The chosen methodology was the exploratory qualitative research conducted out through documentary research and the autoethnographic approach. Data analysis was carried out from the researcher teacher's pedagogical records, using her annual plan, her weekly plan and photographic records of the written language practices accomplished that year. The development of the investigation took place from a framework composed of theoretical contribution of works by reference authors in written language in Early Childhood Education in the historical-cultural perspective; a bibliographical survey of academic productions on the subject was also made in the publications of ANPEd's works, according to the State of Question methodology, and a brief interpretation of official guidance documents and what they propose for the teaching of written language in early childhood education which, as well as the theoretical reference, contributed to the dialogue with the analysis of the pedagogical documents. From this analysis, we sought to understand how the researcher teacher conducted these practices, considering the children's specificities and the playful dimension in this work. The study pointed out that the researcher teacher performed several practices involving mostly written language, with games and a playful dimension, besides the social use of writing, which is in line with what is recommended by the historical-cultural approach. In addition to these, activities of a mechanical nature were identified, such as outlining the dotted lines of letters and copies of words, since writing was approached out of context and meaning for the children. The analysis of these practices supported by theoretical contributions enabled a reflective process, leading the researcher teacher to a process of reframing her work. It was identified, therefore, that this study caused changes in conceptions and actions based on the reflection of its own practice. As a result, the research reaffirms and proposes the written language practices developed with children whereas the social use of writing was performed in an interactive way, with playful aspects and interactions, in line with what the historical-cultural approach advocates. This result will be shared as a product with Early Childhood Education teachers, enabling a reflective process on written language practices among peers.
Crianças haitianas na educação infantil em Sorocaba - SP (2011-2019)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-26) Lorzing, Renata de Moura Santos; Santos, Maria Walburga dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2954227254025696; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5609251698893928
International migrations is a subject discussed all over the world in the most diverse areas of knowledge, including Education. This research aims to understand and understand the processes of welcoming Haitian children in public preschools in the city of Sorocaba-SP, Brazil. We also seek to identify and analyze the role that interactions and games – guiding principles of Early Childhood Education, according to the National Curriculum Guidelines for Early Childhood Education (Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais da Educação Infantil - DCNEIs) – can play in this embracement. It also intends to raise available references and deepen readings and studies on the relationship between migration and education. It also seeks, through interviews with teachers, to identify the main challenges encountered in the experiences with Haitian children, who, in addition to being migrants, are black. In addition, this academic thesis aims to analyze official documents of the Department of Education in order to draw an overview of migrant children enrolled in the public network of early childhood education in Sorocaba. We base our studies on migration on Katia Norões (2016, 2018, 2020), Abdelmalek Sayad (1998), Ethel Volfzon Kosminsky (2000), Demartini (2011, 2012, 2017). The methodology is based on qualitative research, with literature review and analysis of interviews with teachers. The survey's findings indicate that the number of Haitian children enrolled in the municipal network of Sorocaba is large and that the challenges faced by teachers are also large. Among these challenges are the lack of public policies aimed at migrant children and communication with children and their families (language).
Metafísica, política e moral na filosofia de Bergson
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-26) Julião, Luanda Gomes dos Santos; Marques, Silene Torres; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4822141288006918; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4851784033772298
The objective of this research is to go through the thought of the french philosopher H. Bergson, unraveling some points exposed since his great inaugural work, Essay on the immediate data of conscience, until his last book, The two sources of morals and religion, observing mainly how this philosophy, which largely focused on metaphysics and the delineation of duration, began to take an interest in society, morals, and politics.
A contribuição da iniciação científica para o letramento científico na educação profissional e tecnológica: concepções e práticas a partir de projetos do IFSP-Campinas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-26) Gomes, Rosana da Silva; Silva, Márcia Regina da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5381461208053330; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8173562916399025
Introduction. Reflections on science, technology, and society in the school context collaborate to construct the theoretical assumptions. At the same time, they value students' interdisciplinary education, encouraging them to expand, understand, and think about the positive impacts of science and technology in society, as well as to question themselves and take a stand when facing science's inaccuracies and mistakes. On the other hand, scientific literacy, beyond discoursing on science education for all, especially for the students, expatiates on the characteristics of individuals which are considered scientifically literate, dividing them for knowledge levels. The scientific initiation's (IC, in Portuguese) activities, as a curricular component, an institutional program, or part of public education policy, have been shown an essential complement to the improvement and development of technique, scientific and social abilities of the professional and technological education students from the secondary school (EPTNM). Problem. The Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo (IFSP) follows national guidelines but has autonomy for developing IC's related activities. IFSP campus Campinas (IFSP/CMP), specifically, has students and teachers significantly engaged in IC practices. However, these activities have not yet been described and analyzed in the literature. It is understood that a study on the CI process of this institution, from the perspective of scientific literacy theoretical principles, as well as specific public policies, can contribute to the understanding of the construction and experimentation of scientific knowledge in professional technological education. Objective. To investigate and understand the formative contributions of the IC to the students of the EPTNM of the IFSP/CMP and to analyze the research activities regarding the production and dissemination of scientific knowledge through the projects of scientific initiation developed by these students. Methodology. The paper is a case study of the IC program developed at IFSP Campinas. It is characterized as an exploratory and descriptive study, as it goes further in understanding the addressed subject at the same time that it aims to characterize a specific reality, synthesizing the research subjects' outlook. The bibliographical research sources were the Portal de Periódicos da Capes, the SciELO database, and the IBICT's dissertation and thesis database. In the documental analysis were consulted books of the physical libraries of Unicamp and IFSP. For gathering data, a questionnaire was applied to the students who participated in IC in 2019. For the data analysis, it was used the content analysis. Results. The IC program contributes to the critic and scientific training of its participants. Besides that, evidence of science, technology, and society and scientific literacy was found in the analyzed institutional research programs – demonstrating balance in the occurrence of the types of literacy levels addressed. It was also possible to observe the presence of scientific literacy in the speech of the students that answered the questionnaire, in which the most recurrent was the functional scientific literacy.
Servitização territorial: os impactos da concentração de KIBS na produtividade de empresas de manufatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-26) Amancio, Igor Roberto; Mendes, Glauco Henrique de Sousa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7564259060572565; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1479155022673237
Knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) companies play an important role in knowledge generation and transfer. In addition, KIBS has supported the implementation of service-oriented business models in manufacturing companies. In this way, these companies benefit from connections with KIBS as they use these services to complement their capabilities and become more competitive. The connections between manufacturing companies and KIBS are also able to contribute to regional economic development through the generation of new jobs and new businesses. The symbiotic connections between KIBS and manufacturing companies and their effects on these companies and on the region in which they are located have been called territorial servitization. This dissertation aims to evaluate the impacts of KIBS concentration on productivity (Total Factor Productivity – TFP) of Brazilian manufacturing companies and determine the moderating role of absorptive capacity in this relationship. To achieve the objective, the research method was structured in two stages. The first was a scoping study in order to gain a better understanding of the connections between KIBS and manufacturing companies. The second stage corresponded to the development of an econometric model with variables of concentration of KIBS and productivity of manufacturing companies. The results show that only the concentration of KIBS is not capable of generating positive effects on the productivity of manufacturing companies. These companies must have sufficient absorptive capacity to transform the available knowledge into productivity gains. This dissertation contributes to the advancement of the literature on territorial servitization by providing a thematic analysis regarding the convergence of the literature between KIBS and manufacturing companies. It also points out that the benefits of territorial servitization depend, in addition to the concentration of KIBS, that manufacturing companies are able to exploit the knowledge of KIBS. Theoretical and managerial implications are presented in the dissertation.
Avaliação de vantagens, desvantagens e desafios da renaturalização do lago da Universidade Federal de São Carlos (São Carlos – SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-26) Lustosa, Gustavo Ezequiel Delfino Pinto; Povinelli, Silvia Claudia Semensato; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3277147492023801; Mattos, Sérgio Henrique Vannucchi Leme de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8205497519881678; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5125485146862874
Landscapes with water bodies present ecological elements and processes that guarantee environmental quality and quality of life for the living beings that inhabit or frequent them. Anthropogenic interventions in these watercourses made throughout history, as exemplified by the construction of dams for different purposes, can bring both negative and positive impacts and, therefore, configure themselves as typical 'complex environmental problems'. Such is the case of “UFSCar Lake”, a symbol reservoir of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar – São Carlos campus) formed by the damming of Monjolinho river, but which had to be drained in 2019 due to safety problems in its dam. Since then, alternatives for the water body have been studied, as in addition to the cost of renovating the dam being very high, the management related to it has also become very complex due to current legislation. Because of this, the alternative of renaturalizing Monjolinho river in São Carlos campus of UFSCar has been considered as an adequate solution to this problem. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the challenges, advantages and disadvantages associated with the possible renaturalization of UFSCar Lake in relation to ecosystem services, environmental impacts, safety and economic costs. Therefore, a bibliographical survey of the history of UFSCar Lake was carried out; and technicians, researchers and managers who are specialists in the topics covered in the work and/or were involved in the lake's drainage process were interviewed. The results obtained by crossing primary and secondary data indicated that the damming of the Monjolinho river generated negative impacts on its biota and on the quality of its water. On the other hand, the lake started to perform cultural ecosystem services and shelter a new adapted biota. However, due to the financial limitations and complexity of managing a dam due to recent legal changes, it is very costly for the university to maintain the dam. Therefore, the alternative for the renaturalization of Monjolinho river in the stretch where it crosses the UFSCar is promising, as it would not only be less costly and safer in the long term, it could reduce the environmental impacts generated by the dam as well as create a new symbol for the community. These conclusions are corroborated both by theoretical aspects and national and international examples already carried out in other rivers, as well as shared by the interviewees in this work.
Rendimento e composição de óleo essencial de lima ácida Tahiti (Citrus latifolia Tanaka) enxertada em 16 variedades de porta-enxertos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-26) Costa, Gabriela da; Cristofani-Yaly, Mariângela; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7829946393687571; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7128470435759882
It’s known that the canopy of the tree is responsible for the production and characteristics of the fruits, however the rootstock can have an influence, since the agronomic characteristics are the result of the interaction between both. Essential oils are products with high added value, due to their characteristics and bioactive molecules. They’re used in various industrial sectors. There is interest in expanding studies in this area. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the influence of rootstock varieties on yield and composition of the essential oil of Tahiti acid lime. Yield was evaluated in the two harvests (2017/2018) and vegetative development was evaluated in 2019. The hydrodistillation method was used for extraction of the essential oil and for quantification and identification of the components, analysis with GC-MS and GC-FID was used. As main results, the rootstock varieties that induced the greatest volume in the canopy of Tahiti IAC-5 acid lime were citrandarins H150, Rangpur lime, H121, H70, H145, H173 and H10. In the analysis of essential oils, yields per 100g of Tahiti acid lime peel ranged from 0.77 to 1.67%. Regarding the yield per hectare, citrandarin H10 induced a greater amount of oil per hectare in both crops. A total of 56 compounds were found, of which 48 showed significant differences in relative percentage. The major components were monoterpenes and monoterpenoids, such as limonene (30%), y-terpinene (11%), geranial (8.4%), β-pinene (6.5%) and neral (6.4%). Demonstrating influence of the rootstock on the composition and yield of essential oils.
Secagem convectiva da folha de Aroeira (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) em tambor rotativo com parede perfurada: influência das condições operacionais na preservação da cor e compostos bioativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-26) Silva, Raissa Henrique; Ferreira, Maria do Carmo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7070885875161111; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0965346519179355
This study investigated drying aroeira (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) leaves in a rotating dryer with a perforated wall to evaluate the influence of operating conditions in the preservation of color, and bioactive compounds of leaves. The fresh leaves were characterized through the measurement of dimensions, moisture content, color attributes (L*, a*, and b*), the concentration of total phenolic compounds (CFT), and antioxidant activity (AA). In drying tests performed both in a natural convection oven and in a thin-layer fixed-bed, under temperatures of 50 and 70°C and air velocities of 0.3 and 0.9 m/s, it was verified a significant influence of the air temperature on the drying rate and that internal mass transfer mechanisms control the drying process. The drying conditions in the rotating drum was evaluated through a fractional 2(4-1) experimental design. The air temperature and velocity, the charge (mass) of leaves in the drum, and the drum rotation speed were the investigated factors in this design. The results showed that the drying rate in the rotating drum was strongly dependent on the temperature and, in some conditions, it also depended on the air velocity and the charge of leaves. It was found from the ANOVA that the air temperature was the only statistically significant variable (p-value<0.1) to estimate the drying time and a*/b* ratio (which quantifies the leaf color deterioration). Experimental curves of moisture content versus time were fitted to empirical drying kinetic equations. From the tested equations, the Midilli was the one that best fit the experimental data (R²>0.9924; RMSE<0.0321 and X²<0.0010). Based on the results of the fractional design, a Central Composite Rotational Design (DCCR) was carried out to evaluate the influence of operating variables on the drying time and quality attributes. The assays were conducted under a fixed rotating speed (3 rpm), air temperature varying between 50 and 60°C, air velocity between 0.3 to 0.9m/s, and charge of leaves between 100 and 200g. A decrease in the CFT and AA and an increase in the ratio a*/b* were observed. Regression analysis showed that the temperature, air velocity, and mass of leaves were statistically significant variables for the drying time and a*/b* ratio. The statistical models showed optimal regions laying between Tar > 55°C, var > 0.6 m/s combined with m < 120g, for shorter drying times and, overall, Tar < 53°C for less deterioration. The optimization based on the desirability function indicated that the optimal condition for the shortest drying time (390 min) and the least color deterioration (-0.0782) was achieved under a temperature of 52.3°C, air velocity of 0.86 m/s and charge of leaves of 181.67g.
Caracterização ambiental da Sub-bacia do Rio Claro, no município de Santa Rita do Passa Quatro - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-26) Pelegrini, Mariana dos Santos; Arruda, Emerson Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3883710507177933; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6011606701697310
The rapid growth of the population, combined with socioeconomic activities, results in a continuous and intense pressure on natural resources, causing transformations in the units of a given environment. In this context, the objective of this research was to characterize the physical elements that make up the Sub-Basin of Rio Claro, located in Santa Rita do Passa Quatro, SP, seeking thematic mappings to aid in a better visualization of the space and analysis of the components, being necessary understand the influence that the area surrounding this basin exerts on the municipality. For this, the influence of hydrography, slope, soil types, hypsometry, relief forms and land use and occupation that directly affect the location were analyzed. This influence was evaluated in terms of the dynamics of the topography and also the urban expansion in the area. Finally, the analysis of the information collected indicated points that present a medium to high degree of fragility, both potential and emerging, being these places susceptible to processes of environmental impacts such as erosion, silting, degradation of APPs, among others. The need for reassessment of land use and occupation is then verified, and it is revealed that the work can support future planning and territorial management projects in the municipality.
Existência de soluções para uma classe geral de operadores do tipo p&q-Laplacianos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-26) Aguiar, Christopher Silva; Rodrigues, Rodrigo da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9606661651573155; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1160374362928745
In this work, we will study the existence of non-trivial weak solutions for two classes of elliptic and nonlinear problems, whose growth condition on these nonlinearities is subcritical and which involve general operators of the p&q-Laplacian type. The first problem will address the existence of non-trivial weak solutions for a general class of eigenvalue problems, which was studied in [9]. In the second problem we study the existence of multiple solutions for a class of equations similar to the previous one, by adding a perturbation to the nonlinearity. The tecniques was motived by the thesys [32]. The main tools in your study are variational methods, including the classic Ekeland Variational Principle and the Mountain Pass Theorem.
Interação e mediação por meio de animações educacionais no ensino e aprendizagem dos números naturais e suas operações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-26) Silva, Cristiane Mininel da; Sousa, Maria do Carmo de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6637658562543505; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0557557005469866
This dissertation aims to analyze the mediations and interactions that occur through educational animations during the teaching and learning process of natural numbers and their operations, especially regarding addition and subtraction for children enrolled in the 3rd year of Elementary School I. In this context, the format of educational animations is made from problem situations. Such mediations and interactions are directly related to the work developed in a school in São Paulo’s state, in 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic period. 36 children aged 7 and 8 years participated. The question that led the research was defined as follows: How do interactions and mediations of students in the 3rd year of Elementary School take place in the format of educational animations in mathematics classes so that they can acquire new knowledge related to the concept of natural numbers and about addition and subtraction operations? The qualitative research is based on the theoretical and methodological assumptions of cultural-historical theory. Data was obtained based on the development of mathematical problem situations, presented in animated video format, called educational animation, which involves the conceptual nexus of natural numbers: positional value, grouping and addition and subtraction operations. The information obtained indicates that interactions and mediations occur when: 1) children have autonomy to explain their learning with the assistance of some technological supports, such as educational animations and the abacus, even in a difficult and pandemic context of COVID-19; 2) the organization of classes by the teacher leads to educational practice that considers communication, dialogue, collaboration as important aspects of pedagogical strategies to develop the teaching and learning process. In order to make these interactions and mediations take place satisfactorily, four educational videos were prepared, which are configured as educational products and potentialized this new communication that emerges, pulses, develops in favor of discovery and an engaging and innovative educational strategy with its effective inclusion in the classroom.
AIDS e envelhecimento homossexual: representações gerontológicas e a linguagem da patologia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-08-26) Ferreira, João Paulo; Escudeiro, Richard Miskolci ; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1623888309974862; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9428095523556498
This thesis sociologically explores the continuities and ruptures of research on homosexuality and aging from 1970 to 2018. Specifically, it inquiries how the biogerontological sciences have represented homosexuality under the analytical perspective “inclusion-difference”. This prism, called the “inclusion-difference paradigm”, was crystallized mainly in the 1990s in research policies involving funding, recruitment and selection of populations for experimental and randomized studies in the United States. That is, when the so-called “special groups” were included in clinical research funded by the National Institute of Health, and sociological categories were reincorporated into the studies in the form of both political and epidemiological imperatives. The results attest, first, that the representations of homosexuality in (bio)gerontology were split by the sexual panic caused by the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the 1980s and 1990s. Secondly, they allow us to visualize how the discourse for “inclusion” was constituted in association with “difference”, not necessarily providing a more positive vocabulary to people socially demarcated as part of “special groups”. In this context, this study also examined the centrality acquired by the language of pathology during the deadliest period of the HIV-AIDS epidemic – 1981 to 2000 –, confirming not only its descriptive but normative configurations. The language of pathology formed during AIDS epidemic, as evidenced by the data, was closely linked to moralizing discourses, even after the commercial availability of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART), in 1996. While “high risk”, “gay men”, “MSM”, “person with AIDS” and “anal” syncretized and responded to the already known frameworks of gender and sexuality produced by the biomedical sciences, other processes of stigmatization followed a historically unknown trend in biogerontology. As part of the research developed at Harvard University, in the United States, and in the analysis of the AIDS’ Obituaries section – from more than five thousand death records collected from the editions of the Bay Area Reporter, from 1982 to 2000 –, the study produced original information that allowed us to know how deaths also increased an epidemiological vocabulary that conceived a “mortality prophylaxis” based on racializing descriptions. In methodological terms, the research was based on qualitative and quantitative documentary analysis, carried out in the Web of Science database and in collections on sexuality, history of science and AIDS from the Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger library, from the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, and from the New York Public Library. Empirical evidence shows that there was a kind of “categorical alignment” in relation to biomedical definitions of homosexuality and aging in the context of the inclusion of so-called “special groups” in the 1990s; and the consolidation of a change in the language of pathology since the spread of HIV-AIDS.