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Taxonomia integrativa de espécies amazônicas coexistentes de Myrcia DC. (Myrtaceae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-28)
Barbosa, Paulo Henrique Gaem
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Capelo, Fiorella Fernanda Mazine
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Vicentini, Alberto
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Andrade, Ana Cristina Segalin de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2072315134387943
Avaliação em robótica educacional sobre a competência pensamento científico, crítico e criativo da BNCC
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-28)
Takatu, Deivison Shindi
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Alvaro, Alexandre
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9929982894313130
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Lucrédio, Daniel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9090396559596221
Educational Robotics is a regular subject in some Brazilian schools, helping Basic Education students to learn and develop skills. Considering that educational institutions in the country must apply the Common National Curriculum Base as a referential to their pedagogical proposals, robotic activities comprise the development of abilities expected by the document. Among the ten general competencies, the second one, depicted as Scientific, Critical and Creative Thinking, is defined through characteristics that can be reached through RE. However, the literature lacks evidence on how the development of the second competence benefits from Robotics, thereby indicating the need for further investigations on the topic. By understanding that students from the early years of Elementary School can participate in classes, the general objective of this research is to observe if the performed activities allow the development of the second general competence from Common National Curriculum Base in first-grade students. For this sake, initially, a literature review was conducted on the context of the study, by defining theoretical sources, selecting the most relevant works, and discussing the found information. Then, field research was performed in a company that develops robotic activities to identify the employed methods and materials. Later, an exploratory study interviewed teachers through a questionnaire to identify their perspectives and practices during classes. Finally, classroom observations were planned, executed and analyzed in two stages: the first was conducted during online classes, and the second, during in-person activities. Classroom observations lead to evidence that students who engaged in robotic activities revealed skills associated with the second general competence of the National Common Curriculum Base. As an additional contribution, the rubric stands out, consisting of key dimensions and actions, one of which is intended to assist in the assessment of the development of the Scientific, Critical and Creative Thinking competency.
Caracterização da produção de banana (Musa spp.) por agricultores familiares nos municípios de Miracatu e Sete Barras e análise de perspectivas via matriz SWOT
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-28)
Sejas, Rebeca Pardo
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Voltarelli, Murilo Aparecido
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4889939917847330
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Silva, João Eduardo Azevedo Ramos da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3823047207711289
Banana (Musa spp.) is one of the most important fruits in the world and is widely cultivated in tropical countries. In Brazil, after oranges, it represents the most important crop, not only for its high production volumes, but also for its consumption and commercialization. It is a culture that develops through social relations and family-type production which, depending on their geographic location, present several socioeconomic restrictions, mainly low education and deficient public policies, factors that make the process of commercialization and quality production difficult. Therefore, the objective of the research is to characterize banana production via family farming in the municipalities of Miracatu and Sete Barras and to analyze, through the SWOT matrix, perspectives for improvement for producers. For this, two types of questionnaires were used, one for farmers and another for cooperatives/associations. We interviewed 21 producers and two cooperatives in Sete Barras and 13 farmers, an association and a cooperative in Miracatu. With the information collected, it was possible to deduce that the organizations of the two municipalities were born driven by the Food Acquisition Program (PAA) and the National School Feeding Program (PNAE) of the Federal Government, with the objective of collaborating with the cooperative members in the production and banana marketing. Although these institutions have the same objective, the management philosophies were different, and Sete Barras has production initiatives with sustainability practices, while Miracatu has, as a priority, production in the conventional system. The cooperative members/associated with these organizations proved to be governed by the same system, since the farmers of Sete Barras presented a diversified culture in organic and agroforestry systems, while the producers of Miracatu mentioned that they are primarily dedicated to monoculture and conventional production.
Função da musculatura do assoalho pélvico em gestantes e puérperas: avaliação manométrica e efeito da massagem perineal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-28)
Reis, Bianca Manzan
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Liebano, Richard Eloin
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1397951221512127
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Driusso, Patricia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8898319491890063
Pregnancy and childbirth are considered predictors of Pelvic Floor Muscle (PFM) disorders. Preventive or treatment strategies involve the correct contraction of this musculature and perineal massage during pregnancy to reduce the chance of perineal trauma. However, to date, a gold standard method for evaluating PFM and avoiding or minimizing perineal trauma has not been established in the literature. This thesis consists of two studies with the following objectives: Study I: The objective was to evaluate measures of diagnostic accuracy of the PeritronTM manometer to distinguish pregnant women who were able or not to sustain and cranially elevate the pelvic floor muscles during maximal voluntary contraction. This is a cross-sectional study in which the diagnostic accuracy was evaluated to determine variables that distinguish primiparas in the third trimester of pregnancy, who have or not the ability to contract PFM correctly, through vaginal palpation, classified by the Modified Oxford Scale and vaginal manometry (PeritronTM) as a reference test, based on sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratio, Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) and Area Under the Curve (AUC) curve. In conclusion, the variables that showed the best results of diagnostic accuracy to distinguish women who perform a correct PFM contraction were the peak, the mean, the onset time of the contraction (gradient), the duration of the contraction time and the area under the curve. Study II: The main objective was to compare the effects of perineal massage on the pelvic floor muscle function of postpartum primiparae submitted to cesarean or vaginal delivery. The secondary objective was to assess the prevalence of urinary symptoms and the risk of female sexual dysfunction among women who underwent perineal massage and the control group. This is a controlled clinical trial, which evaluated the effects of perineal massage (performed in the third trimester of pregnancy) on pelvic floor muscle function 60 days after delivery of primiparae who underwent cesarean section or vaginal delivery. Initially, the pregnant women were divided into two groups: perineal massage, in which they were instructed to start the technique from the 34th gestational week, and a control group, which received general guidance without performing PFM-related techniques. In conclusion, women who underwent perineal massage had better pelvic floor muscle function after delivery when compared to women in the control groups, regardless of the route of birth.
Análise da divulgação e comunicação científica associada aos trabalhos da pós- graduação na temática da biodiversidade. O estudo de caso do Programa de Pós- graduação em Conservação da Fauna da UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-28)
Silva, Camila de Abreu
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Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9243223282078314
Scientific dissemination encompasses all forms of circulation of scientific and technological content in society, and is not restricted to a specific audience or format. Scientific communication has, by character, to disseminate the results of a scientific research among peers – the specialized public. This way of transmitting information is of great importance, as it is a way of keeping the academic community informed about scientific and technological advances in the area in question. Scientific dissemination is intended to inform and disseminate knowledge in scientific and technological areas to the non-specialized public, emerging as a solution to the scientific inaccessibility of a large part of the population, through methods to popularize science. This paperwork aims to analyze the scientific diffusion accomplished based on the paperworks associated with graduate studies that acts on the theme of biodiversity, based on a case study of the Graduate Program in Fauna Conservation (PPGCFau), at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) with the collaboration of the Zoo Park of São Paulo Foundation (FPZSP). The project aims to quantify the PPGCFau paperworks that were broadcast in the media, and to answer whether the most used communication media were those of scientific divulgation or those of scientific communication. The list of dissertations completed at PPGCFau in the period from 2013 to 2019, and the information related to them in the annual reports of the CAPES Sucupira Platform were made available by the PPGCFau Coordination. Moreover, the authors were also contacted by e-mail, in order to complement and obtain new information about the dissemination of the paperworks in other vehicles after the end of the production accomplished in the graduate program. The paperwork concluded that all technical-scientific productions accomplished at the PPGCFau between 2015 and 2019 were disseminated in communication vehicles, and that diffusion in scientific communication media was superior to diffusion in scientific divulgation media, highlighting that the main vehicle of scientific communication was Workshops. Lastly, it was noticed that scientists responsible for scientific productions and journalists need to generate more content for scientific dissemination to maintain equality of surrounding information between specialized and lay public - especially in an area as important as the conservation of fauna -, to popularize scientific debates in all social layers.
Espalhamento elástico de elétrons e ionização dissociativa da molécula de trimetil fosfato
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-28)
Bardela, Fernanda Pilla
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Homem, Manoel Gustavo Petrucelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2059356773212608
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8869842834039853
The trimethyl phosphate molecule is an important prototype for studying electron interactions with molecules of biological significance containing the phosphate group. These studies contribute to the understanding of energy transfer processes in living organisms and have an application in radiotherapy and radio-diagnostic techniques development. In this context, we present an experimental and theoretical study on the interaction of electrons with this molecule. Experimentally, elastic differential cross sections data were obtained in the energy range from 5 to 800 eV within the angular range from 10◦ to 130◦ using the relative flow technique. Momentum transfer cross sections were determined by the integration of differential cross sections in the same energy range. Experimental data for the dissociative ionization pattern in the region extending from the ionization threshold to 1000 eV were also obtained. Theoretically, elastic differential cross sections and total ionization cross sections were calculated using the independent atom model and the binary-encounter Bethe model, respectively. For the latter, different density functionals were investigated. The experimental and theoretical results were compared with the literature for trimethyl phosphate and other molecules of the same category of phosphate esters. In overall, a good agreement is observed. The elastic cross sections data have recently been published [F. P. Bardela et al., Elastic electron collisions with trimethyl phosphate, J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 54 075203 (2021)].
O processo criativo na reflexão contrafactual: fantasiando mundos alternativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-29)
Prado, Mariana
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Schelini, Patrícia Waltz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6185333517392859
Creative action combines multiple factors, including cognitive processes and socio-emotional variables. Guilford theorized some factors that were later associated with the creative person, namely: fluency, flexibility, elaboration and originality. On the other hand, when imaginative thinking goes into the past and digresses hypothetical alternatives to events and their outcomes, we call it counterfactual. There are four axes of classification of counterfactual thinking: related to direction, structure, referential and function. But the alternative reality to the past is not of interest only to science. Gothic fiction literature, born with the work "The Castle of Otranto" (Walpole, 1764), brings a theatrical life with ghostly characters and, like the counterfactuals, appropriates the past, focusing mainly on affections. With this, this research aimed to investigate the differences in the capacity to elaborate counterfactual thoughts in different age groups and, in addition, it verified the levels in which the creative parameters appear in narratives that rewrite the events of works with Gothic influence. The older age group was expected to produce more counterfactuals and use more elaboration in the creative process. The analysis of results took place from the content analysis of the narratives and was subject to comparison between groups using the Mann-Whitney Test, in addition, the scores in creative abilities were correlated to the types of counterfacts. The results showed that the group of adults had better counterfactual performance both in the Counterfactual Inference Test (CIT) and in the total numbers produced by both narratives. Among the counterfactual types, there was a strong preference for the additive type (structure-related) among adults, thus, this counterfactual type showed a significant correlation with all the creative parameters studied. In addition, the Doctor and the Monster narrative stood out in total numbers of counterfactuals.
Desenvolvimento de metodologias sustentáveis para a síntese de tetraidroquinolinas: o uso de hemiacetais como indutores de assimetria
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-29)
Quaglio, Karina de Souza
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Paixão, Márcio Weber
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3773908504964104
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0421-2831
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4449650752374596
Heterocyclic compounds constitute the most important class of organic compounds today, being present in pharmaceutical compounds, natural products, vitamins, and presenting different biological activities. In particular, N-heterocycles are present in 59% of drugs approved by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration). In this context, tetrahydroquinolines (THQ) have been highlighted due to their vast presence in natural products with biological activity and in pharmacologically relevant therapeutic agents, which is why the development of new synthesis methodologies for this class of compounds is a research target of interest. Inspired by literature reports and by the existing gap in obtaining THQs with high structural diversity and stereochemical control, this master's project aims to develop a protocol to synthesize diasteromerically enriched and highly diverse 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline derivatives through an organocatalyzed Michael addition followed by an Ugi-Smiles reaction. Therefore the objective is to synthesize a substrate with two of the functional groups of the Ugi reaction, aiming to control the diastereoselectivity of Ugi-4C-3CR through an intramolecular approach.
Semeadura direta para restauração de floresta tropical: efeitos de arranjos de espécies no estabelecimento e crescimento inicial da comunidade arbórea
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-29)
Horle, Daniel Carlos
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Loiola, Priscilla de Paula
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2691455603546958
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Viani, Ricardo Augusto Gorne
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3250752369062840
Direct seeding is a common technique for tropical forest restoration, however we lack detailed knowledge on species arrangements, overall implementation and optimal costs to allow its more efficient large-scale use. We evaluated whether direct seeding through different species arrangements affected the early-establishment of the community and of some of tree species. We tested four seeding richness arrangements (seven, 13, 21 and 29 species), sowing the same density for all treatments, altering density per species. In a site destined for the Brazilian Seasonal Atlantic Forest restoration, we installed 24 plots of 10 m × 3 m each, in a randomized design. We counted and measured seedling height and stem diameter and estimated the costs for seed purchase, implementation, and maintenance of each treatment up to one year after sowing. Richness variation among treatments were reduced after sowing, since many species did not emerge. Thus, we evaluated the effect of different sowing densities on the five species that emerged in all arrangements. The treatment with less species had higher seedling density, but basal area, mean seedling diameter and height of seedlings in the community did not varied among treatments. Species did not change establishment rate nor growth according to sowing density. Cost per seedling was higher in the richest arrangement, however it varied only 8.5% among treatments and similar to the cost of tree seedlings plantings. Prioritizing species with high establishment rate may reduce the costs of direct seeding, however it may not be as cheap as previously reported in other initiatives.
Entre lo productivo y reproductivo: trayectorias laborales de mujeres profesionales en tres generaciones
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-29)
Rosales, Janete Marlene Silva
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Lima, Jacob Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9244132532446607
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3909446208502381
La precarización del mercado laboral peruano traducida en la continua pérdida de derechos sociales y estabilidad por las políticas neoliberales afecta la empleabilidad de las profesionales universitarias. Ellas, a pesar de contar con altas calificaciones se encontrarán en situación de subempleo, desempleo o informalidad; no obstante, continúan capacitándose con la expectativa de empleabilidad. Dicha precariedad repercute en el trabajo reproductivo, pues tendrán que minimizar la dedicación de labores domésticas, la provisión de cuidados y afectos, en favor del desarrollo profesional. Este problema es diferencialmente vivenciado por mujeres de distinta clase social, generación, etnia y nacionalidad. La presente investigación analizó las trayectorias laborales de mujeres profesionales pertenecientes a tres generaciones: mayor (55-69 años) intermedia (40 a 55 años) y joven (28 a 39 años). El objetivo fue comprender las estrategias que ellas usaron para lidiar con el conflicto entre el trabajo productivo y reproductivo durante su trayectoria. Se usó la metodología cualitativa a través del método de entrevistas virtuales semiestructuradas. El estudio reveló que las mujeres jóvenes afectadas por la inestabilidad laboral postergaron la maternidad y minimizaron las relaciones amorosas. Las mujeres intermedias cargadas de múltiples empleos recurrieron a la tercerización doméstica para atender a sus hijos. Las mujeres mayores, poseedoras de estabilidad económica, centraron en su propio cuidado además de fortalecer debilitados vínculos familiares. Dichas estrategias estarían influenciadas por una visión emprendedurista que junto a una racionalidad neoliberal resignificarían la precariedad laboral como realización profesional, empoderamiento femenino e independencia; por lo que no se auto percibieron como precarias. En esta línea se observó que ellas se esforzaban en adquirir capitales simbólicos concretados en diplomas además de capitales sociales como las amistades influyentes con la expectativa de acceder a un empleo favorable. Así mismo, los modos sutiles de discriminación de género, el acoso sexual, además de la desigual carga doméstica evidenciarían la vigencia de estereotipos de género tradicionales. No obstante, su difícil reconocimiento ocasionaría que muchas de las mujeres analizadas no se auto percibieran como discriminadas.
Multivariate conditional density estimation with copulas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-29)
Bisca, Felipe Hernandez
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Izbicki, Rafael
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9991192137633896
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0098305106881719
Most machine learning regression models only yield single point estimations for the label of a new observation. However, when dealing with multi-modal or asymmetric distributions, a single point estimate is not enough to summarize the full uncertainty over such label. One solution for this case is to estimate the full conditional density function of the label given the features, which is more informative. For instance, this density can be used to compute probability regions rather than single point estimates. Conditional densities become especially useful when modelling multivariate responses, which is often the case in fields such as cosmology. Most well known conditional density estimators are too slow to be computed or do not generalize to multivariate-response settings. To minimize such problems, our method estimates multivariate densities using copula to aggregate estimates of univariate conditional densities given by the recent-developed FlexCode. We show that this solution leads to improved results when compared to other state-of-the-art techniques.
Membrana de látex com incorporação de arnica visando o tratamento de queimaduras de segundo grau
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-30)
Silva, Lucas Camargo Soares Carvalho da
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Komatsu, Daniel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2620060426867863
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Duek, Eliana Aparecida de Rezende
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4147198882685212
In recent years, several studies have focused on therapeutic alternatives in the treatment of skin injuries caused by burns. In this context, the search for biomaterials and natural substances that can help in the regeneration process of skin damages, from low-cost materials and recovery to the entire population. Among the materials already studied for this application, the natural latex from rubber tree Hevea brasiliensis presents excellent physical, chemical and biological properties. It can stimulate angiogenesis and accelerate the tissue regeneration process. Combined with latex, plant extracts can contribute to the treatment of burns. So arnica has several therapeutic properties such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic and regenerative effects. The present study aims to obtain and characterize the latex-based membranes loaded with arnica fiber for application in skin injuries caused by burns. The characterization of latex-based membranes were done by FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) and it showed the presence of characteristic chemical groups for each of the pure constituents and in membranes containing arnica, it was observed that the purification process was efficient and that there is a predominance of polymer characteristics in latex membranes with arnica, denoting a low interaction between the systems, which was confirmed by the results of TG (Thermogravimetry) and DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) since there was no change in the thermal characteristics of the material by the combination of arnica. In the mechanical testing, it can be observed that the addition of arnica caused a slight change in the mechanical properties of the latex, indicating the low interaction between the polymer matrix and arnica fiber. Zeta potential analysis, it is possible to verify the presence of arnica fibers exposed on the surface of the latex membrane, results in hydrophilic character to the composite material. Water vapor permeation test, it can be observed that the addition of arnica promotes a small increase in water vapor adsorption to the latex matrix, which facilitates not only the diffusion of water vapor through the composite, but also the absorption of liquids inside the material, as seen in the membrane swelling test. According to the release results, it was possible to observe that the release mechanism followed a biexponential pattern, indicating an anomalous behavior, not following a Fickian pattern. It was observed that the highest concentration of arnica promoted an increase in concentration at each incubation time. In vivo study results showed that burns covered with the latex membrane and mainly as covered by latex membranes containing arnica, heat increased protection against infectious agents and water loss from the wound. The membrane content 10% of arnica favored more intensely cell proliferation and tissue organization, and could be determined for second-degree burn treatments.
Os significados e sentidos de universitários acerca do suicídio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-30)
Brandt, Larissa da Silva
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Fioroni, Luciana Nogueira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8086810053892035
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6450355794398660
Suicide consist of a complex and multi-determined phenomenon, being considered one of the main current public health issues. The high levels of psychological distress among university students, added to the scarcity of qualitative studies on the subject, make in-depth investigations into the collective and individual representations about suicide of this group essentials. With this in mind, the general objective of this study was to investigate the psychosocial aspects of the collective meanings and subjective senses of university students at the Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar) about suicide. Thereunto, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 7 graduate students and 5 postgraduate students, of which 8 were women and 4 were men. The data analysis was performed using the technique of thematic content analysis, being suicide the main meaning unit. The results found were divided into three thematic categories and their respective nucleus and subnucleus of analysis. The first category, named “The collective meanings about suicide” sought to critically portray the social representations identified by the participants about the phenomenon, in addition to highlighting the determining elements that compose them. The category “The subjective senses about suicide” aimed to identify the individual perspectives and affections among students on the subject and explore their experiences with the phenomenon. Finally, the last category, entitled "The interfaces between mental health, university and suicide", intended to investigate the different experiences of the participants on mental health in the university environment, in addition to identifying the possible determining units present in this context that are dialectically related to the suicide. In conclusion, it was determined that both collective meanings and subjective senses are fundamental elements in the investigation of suicide and for the construction of effective interventions. Finally, we emphasize the importance of implementing actions in the university context that focus on the student permanence, the promotion of mental health and the enhancement of the protective components present in this environment.
Análise da expressão sistêmica de biomarcadores de degradação articular: um comparativo entre atletas profissionais de futebol com e sem histórico de lesões articulares em membro inferiores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-30)
Zacharias, André Luís Simões
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Serrão, Paula Regina Mendes da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2917658715637353
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/711847758471066
Professional soccer participation exposes players to the highest frequencies and intensities of loads and joint injuries in the lower limbs. These factors are associated with greater risks of osteoarthritis development. Retired soccer athletes have a high prevalence of the disease. This scenario provides an impairment network that connects symptoms and joint limitations to the reduction in the quality of life of this population. Understanding microprocesses through the study of specific pathophysiological pathways, contribute to the evolution of monitoring, prevention and early intervention strategies directed to the context of soccer. Therefore, the objective of this study was to associate the evidence already in the literature about the pathophysiological processes of osteoarthritis to the dynamics of professional soccer, highlighting as the highest risk pathways associated with the sport. It is concluded that high joint demands seem to be related to the development of hip osteoarthritis, while joint injuries are the main risk factors for knee and ankle osteoarthritis. Minimizing the risk of joint damage, health education and the validation of tools that identify early disease-related changes can be important strategies for reducing risks and losses related to this population profile.
Investigações acerca da associação entre a automutilação e ideações suicidas na infância e adolescência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-30)
Cruz Alves, Victória Caroline Cruz
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Brino, Rachel de Faria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0235133592567485
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6482058364064482
Self-inflicted violence is one of several aspects of the vast field of study of violence and that has been increasingly studied by different areas of knowledge, since the number of people who find violence against themselves a way of dealing with suffering comes progressively growing over the last few decades. This type of violence is defined in the light of two subdivisions: suicidal behavior and self-harming behavior. Because they are conceptually very close themes, it is common that they are also related behind the understanding of the respective acts. However, there is still some ambiguity regarding the characterization of the behaviors involved in these classifications. It is also important to point out that self-injurious behavior is constantly characterized as one of the main risk factors for suicidal behavior. In this sense, it is imperative that both behaviors be studied in order to understand the consequences of their correlations in the long term as well. The present study sought to verify the existence of an association between self-mutilation and the development of suicidal ideation, as representatives of the respective groups of self-inflicted violence, in addition to seeking to define the motivations and possible risk factors for triggering self-injury practices in children and adolescents , aiming to contribute to scientific knowledge in the area for the elaboration of interventions and public policies related to the prevention of self-mutilation and suicide. The research was carried out with older participants, of any gender, who had already performed self-mutilation at some point in their lives. The results unanimously indicated that in individuals who presented non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors during childhood or adolescence, suicidal ideation has a higher prevalence level. Based on the data obtained, there were also indicators of the presence of suicidal ideation in a considerable number of children, since most of the participants stated that they had started to engage in self-mutilation behaviors before the age of 14 and that the thoughts suicides also started before the beginning of the practices.
O sofrimento psíquico no trabalho em profissionais de saúde mental: estudo de caso em um CAPS adulto no interior do estado do Paraná
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-30)
Silveira, Márcio Alves
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Fioroni, Luciana Nogueira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8086810053892035
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2634621328003488
This research aims to investigate the psychic suffering of these professionals who work supporting the mental health of the assisted population and, as specific objectives, to identify the different dimensions of psychic suffering linked to the work of these workers, understand how they deal with mental suffering and identify aspects of suffering and pleasure at work. It is a qualitative, interpretative and empirical research, using as instruments participant observation, semi-structured interviews and application of the Inventory of Risks of Pathogenic Suffering at Work (IRIS), the latter being used to analyze three factors closely related to work: usefulness, unworthiness and recognition, which refer respectively to the feeling of appreciation and satisfaction at work, feeling of injustice and dissatisfaction and finally, feeling admired and accepted with their work; the interviews allowed to investigate details of the daily work routine, as well as affections involved in this dimension, and were worked from the Thematic Content Analysis; the participant observation occurred during 14 days in all shifts (morning/afternoon/night) and days of the week (including Saturday and Sunday) through the monitoring of workers and questioning when the researcher felt necessary and allowed to understand the routine of the Institution, aspects of the prescribed work and the real work. The discussion of the results was supported by the theoretical referential of Work Psychology, Psychodynamics of Work and Psychosocial Care; we also used the Marxist conception of work as the basis of our theoretical referential. This research made it possible to understand that the pathogenic suffering of the participating workers has its source in emotional wear, causes of frustration and sadness, in the overload for a volume of work of a city that needs more CAPS Adult, in the fragmented work being taken by dead work and precarious bonds; but also a work activity capable of bringing satisfaction to the extent that the living work and the praxis allow the transformation of reality and promote greater learning; the research provided the perception that the dialectic pleasure / suffering is present in work relationships, permeated by living work and dead work.
O desenvolvimento do conceito de pensamento computacional na educação matemática segundo contribuições da teoria histórico-cultural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-30)
Navarro, Eloisa Rosotti
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Sousa, Maria do Carmo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6637658562543505
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8916355296831066
The objective of this research was to develop, from conceptual nexuses and assumptions of Cultural-Historical Theory, the theoretical concept of computational thinking for its development in Mathematics Education. The research is characterized as qualitative. The logical-historical movement of the term “computational thinking” was analyzed through a State of Knowledge type of study, in the period from 2009 to 2019, with data from research (theses and dissertations), scientific articles, the Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), and the Curriculum of the State of São Paulo, called Currículo Paulista. Thus, the following leading question was established: What are the possible conceptual nexuses that contribute to the development of computational thinking in the context of Mathematics Education? The results point out that there are studies that use the term and diverge in relation to the definition of computational thinking and its characteristics. In addition, the analysis of the aforementioned documents allowed, under the aegis of Cultural-Historical Theory, to determine three conceptual nexuses of computational thinking, which can be configured in the context of Mathematics Education and, consequently, in school Mathematics, which are: problem solving; algebraic thinking, and algorithmic thinking. These conceptual nexuses are, essentially, in constant movement, as they are dialectical, historical, logical, and cultural. Based on them, the concept of computational thinking was developed in Mathematics Education, which considers the essentiality of developing computational thinking as a potential means of expanding the skills of problem-solving, of interpreting reality, and of expanding the ways of action of students in their sociocultural context, either in a plugged (ICTs) or unplugged manner. In this sense, the definition of the concept aims not only to think about “what it is” (external nexuses), but “how we can use it in everyday school life” and “how it can be developed to interpret and solve problems in reality” (internal nexuses). The logical-historical movement of computational thinking corroborates the development of this type of thinking, in its connection with the act of appropriation and use by students.
Estratégias didáticas para o ensino de física: uma análise das tendências do MNPEF
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-30)
Zavatini, Ricardo de Mendonça
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Gebara, Maria José Fontana
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6585493065968961
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3243871351221307
Difficulties and problems in Physics teaching in basic education, especially in high school, are certainly not a recent issue, being responsible for conducting numerous researches aimed at investigating its causes and consequences. Criticisms of the so-called traditional teaching methods have made many teachers feel the need to look for different strategies, which correspond to the students' expectations. For this, programs such as the Professional National Masters in Physics Teaching (MNPEF) - a national postgraduate program of a professional nature, aimed at teachers who teach Physics - aim to qualify most Basic Education teachers in terms of mastery of content and current teaching techniques for application in the classroom. Given the dimensions achieved by this policy, it is natural to seek to investigate the results arising from the actions of this program. In this paper, we present an analysis of dissertations and educational products from the poles of the Southeast region of the MNPEF, from institutional and thematic-based descriptors, with the general objective of identifying the main teaching strategies that have been used by teachers of Basic Education Physics and its alignment with the research area in Physics teaching. The research, of a qualitative nature and carried out from a documental analysis, was essentially exploratory. The results showed that, reflecting the national scenario, most of the authors of dissertations/educational products from the poles in the Southeast region of the MNPEF are male, as well as the advisors of these poles. The most explored Physics contents belong to Electromagnetism, whose teaching is considered complex. From the point of view of teaching strategies, the one that stands out most is Experimentation, always highlighted in the literature in the field of research in Physics Teaching.
CONECTE: atualização de medida psicométrica e construção/avaliação de um programa de treinamento de habilidades sociais conjugais para casais de diferentes orientações sexuais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-30)
Cardoso, Bruno Luiz Avelino
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Murta, Sheila Giardini
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3872050473238370
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Del Prette, Zilda Aparecida Pereira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8113238388739093
Couples’ Social Skills (CSS) are classes of behaviors that function to maximize couples’ satisfaction, increase the quality of the relationship, and reduce problems in the relationship. These behaviors (CSS) can be developed through specific programs, whose results show effectiveness in studies abroad. However, Brazilian research on this topic has been predominantly focused on characterization and correlation (not intervention) with heterosexual married couples. Such research was driven by the creation of the only instrument available in Brazil to measure CSS, the Couples’ Social Skills Inventory (CSSI-Villa&Del-Prette), which lacks psychometric refinement. This thesis had as main objectives: (1) to update the norms of the CSSI-Villa&Del-Prette for same-sex couples and (2) to build/evaluate a Couples’ Social Skills Training Program (CONECTE) for couples of different sexual orientations. For this, in Study 1, it was possible to discuss preliminary theoretical aspects for an intervention in CSS focused on sexual diversity and gender. In Study 2, the conceptual basis of the field of Social Skills Training and multimodal methods of evaluating CSS was presented. In Study 3, it was possible to estimate new psychometric evidence for the CSSI-Villa&Del-Prette, assess the model’s invariance as a function of gender and sexual orientation, and characterize and identify specificities of the CSS repertoire in relation to gender and sexual orientation. Exploratory structural equation modeling and polychoric correlation matrices were used, in addition to analyzes using the t-Student test and MANOVA. The invariance of the CSSI-Villa&Del-Prette was verified regarding gender and sexual orientation. However, same-sex couples had higher means for the total CSS repertoire and in the subclasses Assertive Reciprocity, Assertive Self-affirmation, and Affection/Empathy. In these same variables, women had higher means than men. In Study 4, the effects of the CONECTE program, in the online modality, with heterosexual couples and same-sex couples were tested through an experimental design. Fifteen cisgender couples (n=30), allocated into experimental (EG) and control (CG) groups, answered the CSSI-Villa&Del-Prette, Couples’ Quality Scale and Couples’ Satisfaction Scale in the pre- and post-test evaluation. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyzes were used for data analysis, including the Shapiro-Wilk, t-Student and Generalized Estimating Equations tests. Statistically significant changes were found between the pre- and post-test of the EG, for indicators of CSC, Couples’ Quality and Couples’ Satisfaction, as they did not occur in the CG. An intriguing fact was observed for the level of dissatisfaction regarding the structural aspects of the relationship, which was increased both for the CG and for the EG, especially considering the EG of Heterosexual couples. The results obtained in these studies are pioneering in Brazilian literature, especially in the approach to couples with different sexual orientations, the proposal of multimodal assessment for couples and the novelty of a Brazilian program for couples in the online modality. It is expected that the results found in this thesis will guide further research and expand the possibilities for studies in the field.
Uso versátil de novos complexos de Mg(II): proteção a ERO’s à oxidação lipídica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-09-30)
Marchi, Rafael Cavalieri
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Carlos, Rose Maria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1589143355309943
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6124280245373485
The search for compounds that have antioxidant properties is increasing due to their application in strategic areas such as food preservation, food supplements, active compounds in smart packaging, among others. This research work aims to prepare and characterize metallic Mg(II) complex containing in the coordination sphere ferulic acid (fer) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen; Mg-phen-fer) and their application in polymeric films. The complex was characterized by infrared, electron injection mass spectrometry (MS-ESI) and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance and DOSY-NMR. The cyclic voltammograms obtained in aqueous solution in the anodic region showed a cyclic process indicating the stability of the species generated during the oxidation of coordinated ferulic acid, probably due to the stabilization of the corresponding phenoxyl radical via complexation with Mg(II), which is interesting for antioxidant applications. The Mg-phen-fer complex against the DPPH• radical presented an IC50 of 26 µM while for the BHT it was 40.9 µM. The same behavior is observed for the complex ABTS•+ radical presented an IC50 of 6 µM while for the BHT it was 16.75 µM. The complex showed total inhibition of 1O2 generation, at a concentration of 1.65 µg/mL. Furthermore, the complex was also able to stabilize riboflavin from the decomposition that occurs in the presence of light in an inert atmosphere. Regarding the peroxyl radicals that serve as a model for lipid radicals, the complex inhibited the generation of these radicals, presenting IC50 of 5µg/mL. In this work, two biopolymers were investigated for making the packaging material, tapioca starch and gelatin. It was found that the films containing the complex do not favor the proliferation of microorganisms, are always transparent, and are stable at temperatures of 30 °C and 40 °C observed in attenuated total reflection infrared (IR-ATR) measurements. The oxygen transmission capacity in the films was altered with the incorporation of the complex, with starch films being more susceptible to oxygen diffusion than gelatin films. The release of the complex from the two matrices was quick for systems with a high percentage of water. From the starch film, the total release in water took place in 30 minutes, in the presence of 50 % ethanol this release takes place in 200 minutes and in alcoholic systems only 10 % of the mass of the complex was released in more than three days. For the gelatin film, regardless of the aqueous media, release occurred within 60 min. With microbiology studies, for the Mg-phen-fer complex, it was verified that the minimum bactericidal concentration is 1.0 mg/mL and the minimum fungicidal concentration is 0.05 mg/mL. This complex stands out in food protection both for being a great candidate for antioxidant and for having an excellent antimicrobial activity. The complex has a high potential for application, and studies with different polymeric matrices must be carried out to delay controlled release, attracting a greater market value to the product.