Avaliação em robótica educacional sobre a competência pensamento científico, crítico e criativo da BNCC

Abstract

Educational Robotics is a regular subject in some Brazilian schools, helping Basic Education students to learn and develop skills. Considering that educational institutions in the country must apply the Common National Curriculum Base as a referential to their pedagogical proposals, robotic activities comprise the development of abilities expected by the document. Among the ten general competencies, the second one, depicted as Scientific, Critical and Creative Thinking, is defined through characteristics that can be reached through RE. However, the literature lacks evidence on how the development of the second competence benefits from Robotics, thereby indicating the need for further investigations on the topic. By understanding that students from the early years of Elementary School can participate in classes, the general objective of this research is to observe if the performed activities allow the development of the second general competence from Common National Curriculum Base in first-grade students. For this sake, initially, a literature review was conducted on the context of the study, by defining theoretical sources, selecting the most relevant works, and discussing the found information. Then, field research was performed in a company that develops robotic activities to identify the employed methods and materials. Later, an exploratory study interviewed teachers through a questionnaire to identify their perspectives and practices during classes. Finally, classroom observations were planned, executed and analyzed in two stages: the first was conducted during online classes, and the second, during in-person activities. Classroom observations lead to evidence that students who engaged in robotic activities revealed skills associated with the second general competence of the National Common Curriculum Base. As an additional contribution, the rubric stands out, consisting of key dimensions and actions, one of which is intended to assist in the assessment of the development of the Scientific, Critical and Creative Thinking competency.