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O bullying sob a ótica da teoria freudiana da cultura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-18)
Carvalho, Sophia da Rosa
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Maniakas, Georgina Carolina Oliveira Faneco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1207794266426572
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8299259969141660
Bullying is a current phenomenon mainly inserted in the school sphere, marked by repeated aggression and no obvious motivation. It appears in the form of physical, psychological, moral or patrimonial violence. There are several actors within the dynamics of bullying, including aggressors, victims and spectators of violence. These figures were analyzed through the Freudian theory of Mass Psychology, in which the members are linked to the identification components between the mass-leader set. The mass exposed in an unstable, violent and highly suggestible way, can seek its formation based on the specification of a common factor that links the members to the leader and, in this sense, the victim of bullying is supposed to be the target. As for the victim, what is speculated is a melancholy characteristic that makes them susceptible to the role of victimization. The current qualitative-based work aimed to expose the phenomenon of bullying - based on 10 articles on the topic, published on online news platforms, from June to December 2019 and relate it to the Freudian theory of culture, in addition to verifying the possibility of establishing a relationship between the dynamics of bullying and the psychological formation of the mass. For this, content was collected from 4 online news platforms, with the keyword “bullying” and following the criteria: a) bullying as the central theme of the text; b) target audience of the text: children and adolescents in school condition or not; c) detailed and contextualized report of the bullying suffered. Added to these materials, the literature used as a reference for understanding the phenomenon of bullying included Freud's works on culture and texts by contemporary authors in the field of Education. The analysis of the data from the collection was carried out from the content analysis and as a result three thematic categories were created: a) context/troubled situation prior to bullying; b) consequences of bullying, both for aggressors, victims or spectators and c) presence of direct and indirect spectators of the phenomenon. The presence of bullying is discussed in parallel to a social and collective sphere, where the formation of children and adolescents is governed by narcissism and marked by emotional maladjustments, inciting the development of perverse aggressors, passive victims and bystanders who are condescending to violence. The presence of a structure similar to the psychological mass was confirmed, containing perverse traits and identification mechanisms, in addition to the assumption that victims with markedly melancholic characteristics are susceptible to the passivity of the phenomenon. Finally, the figure of the spectator in anti-bullying interventions was discussed, as a collaborator to the school community and engaged in firm and non-permissive attitudes towards the phenomenon.
Degradação aeróbia e anaeróbia de lixiviados de macrófitas aquáticas em função da temperatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-18)
Silva, Roberta Mafra Freitas da
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Bianchini Júnior, Irineu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0659731944736389
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8913921009282499
Aquatic macrophytes are extremely important organisms for the maintenance of aquatic ecosystems. Among the functions performed by aquatic plants is the cycling of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. These elements are released into the environment mainly during the mineralization of aquatic macrophytes. The form most available and readily assimilated by microbial communities is the dissolved fraction). The objectives of the current study were to analyze the effects of temperature increase (4 ° C) on dissolved oxygen consumption and carbon decay of leachates from aquatic macrophytes Myriophyllum aquaticum, Hedychium coronarium, Salvinia auriculata and Chara sp. the effect of temperature increase and dissolved oxygen availability (comparing anaerobic and aerobic systems) on the following parameters: organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total polyphenols, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzyme activity, E4/E6 (for determination of the quality of organic matter), secondary production, pH and conductivity. First-order kinetic models were used, using a non-linear method to determine the maximum consumption of dissolved oxygen and carbon decay over 90 days. The results demonstrate that the increase in temperature potentialized the consumption of dissolved oxygen, but the same did not occur for carbon and nitrogen mineralization. Carbon decay and secondary propagation propagation difference for dissolved oxygen availability (p < 0.05). However, temperature had no influence on this parameter (p> 0.05). For both bioassays, the leachate types dissipated difference (p < 0.05). Dissipated oxygen availability and dissipated temperature for parameters total nitrogen, total phosphorus, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzyme activities, total polyphenols and E4/E6 ratio.
Os efeitos de ações formativas nas interações mediadas pela comunicação alternativa por alunos com Tea
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-18)
Reis, Henrique de Candia
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Lourenço, Gerusa Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1474728505225459
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1225346739608914
Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) aims to expand the communicative possibilities of people with complex communication needs, in which their abilities to dialogue and to make themselves understood are impaired. Requiring visual and/or gestural graphic resources that complement or replace compromised or absent oral language. Alternative communication has, above all, the need for competent and proactive interlocutors with attitudinal accessibility (regarding the perception of the other and free from prejudices, stigmas, stereotypes and discrimination) so that there is a real interest in the communicative development of the person who does not have functional speech, going much further, therefore, of the only recursive approach in relation to its users. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), according to the DSM-V, is a neurodevelopmental condition that is characterized by socio-communicative impairments and the presence of repetitive and stereotyped behaviors. The new definition emphasizes the correlation between deficits in social skills and communication deficits. The present study identify how the interactions between a non-verbal student with ASD and his teachers occurred in the school and verify if the offer of his AAC resource, with direct instructions to both, regent and support teachers, could contribute to the advancement of participation in the school context.The type AB study took place in an elementary school in the city of Ribeirão Preto - SP. Participants in the Baseline and Intervention were: a 10-year-old student with ASD and user of the Alternative Communication Program PECS-Adapted, at the beginning of phase 4 in this program. And his four teachers from regular school. The frequencies of student/teacher communicative interactions were collected during 21 minutes of daily observations during regular classes of the participating teachers with the participating student present. The communicative interactions that occurred without the Alternative Communication resource were observed and, from the fifth observation session, the student's Alternative Communication resource was inserted. The resource used in the intervention followed Incidental Teaching strategies to take advantage of natural communicative situations during the observed contexts and that provided direct engagement of the student and the participating teachers with the CAA. It was desired with this, to provide a strategy of Continuing Education to teachers on the benefits of AAC. The results showed a decrease in conduct disorders associated with the student and positive behavioral changes by teachers as interlocutors after the intervention with Alternative Communication. Thus, the study can contribute as an account of strategies that can strengthen the performance of teachers involved in the schooling of students with ASD and enrich the inclusive experience in this context.
Socioeconomic impacts of university-industry collaborations
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-19)
Lima, João Cardim Ferreira
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Torkomian, Ana Lúcia Vitale
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2321084184622795
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6220950718233839
University-industry collaborations create socioeconomic impacts for the areas where they are undertaken. Although these collaborations have recognized the importance and a high potential to generate economic and social benefits, there is no consensus in the literature on a consolidated conceptual model for assessing their socioeconomic impacts. Given this context, this thesis aims to build a model to assess the direct socioeconomic impacts of university-industry collaborations and evaluate the Brazilian large firms. The research method was: a systematic literature review of 94 studies on the socioeconomic impacts realized using a Context-Intervention-Mechanism-Outputs (CIMO) configuration, a scale (questionnaire) was developed to measure the impacts sent to the companies in the "Ranking - 1500 Empresas + Estadão” of the 1,500 largest companies in Brazil organized by Fundação Instituto de Administração (FIA) and Austin Consulting. 210 complete and valid responses by innovation managers from companies that carry out formal collaborations with universities were collected. Multivariate data analysis was performed to simplify the model (factorial analysis) and identify the relational structure of the variables (canonical correlation). A socioeconomic impact model was built for large Brazilian companies, with impacts categorized as: Financial Benefits, Technological Innovation, Social and Community, and External Resource Management with 21 variables. There is a positive correlation between Technological Innovation and Financial Benefits: the “launch of new products” correlates with: “increase in sales” (approx. 0.659), “increase in exportations” (approx. 0.549), increase in “commercial value and corporate/ shareholder” (approx. 0.550), “revenue increase” (approx. 0.563) and “profit increase” (approx. 0.536). The “increase in sales” is also positively correlated with the “commercialization of new technologies” (approx. 0.617) and with the “development of new products, processes and services” (approx. 0.534). There is also a positive correlation between Social and Community, and External Resource Management: the "qualification of the professional workforce" is correlated with "the creation of new high-tech jobs", and between Social and Community, and Financial Benefits, “job creation” is positively correlated with “commercial and corporate shareholder value” (approx. 0.556). From a theoretical point of view, this work contributes to the structuring of a conceptual model for evaluating the socioeconomic impacts of university-industry collaborations. In addition, the results bring contributions to the management of each actor in the triple helix. These can be used to guide companies on how to measure the socioeconomic benefits of each partnership, instructing public agents in evaluating the results of investments made, and contributing to information on innovation policies and technology management.
Regiões Metropolitanas enquanto estratégia de promoção de um federalismo cooperativo no Brasil: potencial e desafios
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-20)
Boemi, Rafael Augusto Maricato
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Vargas, Marcelo Coutinho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8869018482093008
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1130740012805206
This work understands that the institutional arrangement of metropolitan regions is configured as a strategy to promote cooperative practices among federal entities that make up Brazilian federalism with regard to the management of functions of common interest. It seeks to understand the potential and limits of this institutional arrangement as a territorial collectivity for municipalities that chose to invest in cooperative relationships to solve shared social ills.
A influência dos capitais na trajetória dos empreendedores de startups de tecnologia no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-20)
Freire, Clarissa Dourado
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Sacomano Neto, Mário
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0000793038362058
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2394762081205933
Several studies highlight the positive contribution of entrepreneurship to economic and social development, given the relevance of the subject it is possible to observe the growth of studies about entrepreneurship, especially from the 1990s with the advent of technology startups. One of the main questions is to understand how an individual becomes an entrepreneur, despite the diversity of studies in different fields of knowledge, there is a predominance of mainstream economics, in which there is an idealization of the entrepreneur as an actor endowed with unique characteristics, who acts autonomously, disregarding the social context. This paper seeks to offer an alternative to this paradigm and propose an expansion in the analysis of the variables that make an individual an entrepreneur, using Pierre Bourdieu's perspective of capitals as a theoretical lens. The objective of this work is to analyze how entrepreneurs mobilize and convert capitals along their trajectories and what is the importance of these capitals for the foundation and development of technology startups. To this end we divided the work into three stages, the first stage consists of a Systematic Literature Review (RSL), with the objective of understanding how the capitals perspective has been employed in the study of entrepreneurship and to know the entrepreneur, identify the categories of capitals and identify possible research gaps. After the RSL, with the identification of the categories of capitals, we have the second stage, of qualitative nature, built through five case studies with entrepreneurs of technology startups, in which we seek to analyze how the capitals are mobilized and converted along the trajectory of entrepreneurs, giving rise to the circularity of capitals, as well as to analyze the importance of these capitals for the foundation and development of startups. The third and last stage, of a quantitative nature, was built from a survey with 192 questionnaires applied to entrepreneurs of technology startups and the use of Multiple Correspondence Analysis, in which we sought to perform a descriptive analysis of the entrepreneurs, to identify the capitals mobilized and converted throughout their trajectories, as well as to understand if the social space of the entrepreneurs facilitates the access to capitals and resources employed in the foundation and development of the startups, legitimating the position of the entrepreneurs in the social space. The results indicate that there is a search for alternatives to the dominant perspectives for the study of entrepreneurship and the entrepreneur, and Bourdieu's perspective emerges as a possibility, being employed in this work. Entrepreneurs mobilize economic, cultural, social, and symbolic capital, which are converted and reconverted in a dynamic process we call the circularity of capitals. This set of capitals and this process gives rise to the entrepreneurial capital, which results from the use of these capitals in the foundation and development of startups. Therefore, access to these capitals is fundamental to the entrepreneurial action of startup founders, but they are not homogeneously distributed in the social space. Our research highlights on this discussion and proposes to be an instrument for public policies that facilitate access and dissemination of these capitals.
Planejamento urbano e segregação socioespacial: estudo sobre os efeitos do processo de expansão de condomínios fechados na produção do espaço urbano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-20)
Silva, Bruno das Mercês
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Burgos, Rosalina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0430255108623706
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Martines, Marcos Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5317839291904450
It’s usual in brazillian’s large and medium cities the existence of a narrow relation between the production of the urban space and the planning policies. In this context, gated communities arise and get associated to the expansion of the urban space, which produce significant effects in the geographic space. This research aimed to analyze the consequences of the process of expansion of gated communities in the urban space, focusing on the effects related to the access to green areas and leisure spaces. In order to make it, starting by the theoric effort, this research proceed to a comparative study between two sub-areas that belong to the same “census” sector: a gated community whose name is Bosque Ipanema, and a suburbia whose name is Jardim Botucatu, both located in Sorocaba/ SP. Photointerpretation was used, combined to other associated methodologies, in order to produce and analyze the data. The results pointed to the existence of socio-spatial segregation related to the structure differences observed between the sub-areas, segregation that express itself especially on the access to the green areas leisure spaces.
Estratégias de operações e práticas lean-green: um estudo de casos múltiplos em empresas do setor automotivo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-21)
Queiroz, Geandra Alves
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Alves Filho, Alceu Gomes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7885557554922569
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Torkomian, Ana Lúcia Vitale
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2321084184622795
The reduction of environmental impacts has increasingly been treated as a factor of competitive advantage by organizations. This reflects directly on the operational strategies of companies, making it necessary to include environmental performance as one of their competitive priorities. The integration of Lean Manufacturing and Green Manufacturing approaches has been pointed out as a key to improving the competitiveness of organizations because it is a way to equate the environmental priority with other competitive priorities. However, there are still no scientific articles that address all the content of operations strategy (competitive priorities and decision areas) when Lean and Green practices are implemented. In this context, the first step of this study consisted in conducting a systematic literature review presenting some of the main relationships between Lean and Green and the content of operations strategy and highlighting the occurrence of synergies or trade-offs between competitive priorities as well as changes in decision areas when Lean and Green practices are implemented. The results of this study pointed out that Lean and Green integration can promote synergies between competitive priorities, but it can also promote trade-offs between some competitive priorities, with the trade-off between cost and environment priorities being the most frequently mentioned. Furthermore, Lean is pointed out as a basis for the management of production systems, and green practices are generally used as a complement and to support the inclusion of the environment as a competitive priority. The second stage of this research was to conduct case studies in six companies in the automotive sector that implement Lean and Green practices, with the purpose of identifying the contents of their operations strategies. The results indicated that the companies attribute different levels of importance to the priority environment and have different levels of Lean and Green. In general, the companies consider that the Lean-Green approach generates synergies between priorities, with the trade-off between cost and environment being the only one addressed in the cases. It was confirmed that Lean can contribute to the reduction of environmental impacts reduction, especially regarding to resource consumption. Moreover, it was found that the companies that prioritize the environment more in their actions presented more changes in the decision areas. The crossing of the theoretical results with the empirical results allowed us to reinforce the theoretical propositions stated in this thesis. All the propositions formulated from the systematic literature review were illustrated in the cases studied and complemented with some questions.
Produção de coquetel enzimático rico em endoglucanase termoestável em biorreator de leito empacotado e sua aplicação na obtenção de nanocelulose
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-21)
Katayama, Eric Takashi
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Casciatori, Fernanda Perpétua
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1269950652196294
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Farinas, Cristiane Sanchez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9933650905615452
Nanocellulose is a bioproduct with high added value obtained through the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass. Due to characteristics such as high aspect ratio, low toxicity, thermal stability and high crystallinity, nanocellulose has several applications. Obtaining nanocellulose through the enzymatic route stands out for being an environmentally friendly method, however studies are necessary to improve the efficiency of this process. In this sense, the use of an enzymatic cocktail with thermostable properties can be an interesting strategy for obtaining nanocellulose. In this work, the objective was to use the packaged bed bioreactor for the production of thermostable enzymatic cocktail and apply the enzymes to obtain nanocellulose. To obtain this cocktail, the thermophilic fungus M. thermophila was cultivated by fermentation in solid state on a small scale using full factorial design varying the bagasse mass, soybean meal fraction and moisture. The selected cultivation conditions were replicated in a multilayer-packaged bed bioreactor. The enzymes were then used to hydrolyze cellulose pulp at temperatures of 50, 60 and 70 °C and convert the substrate into nanocellulose. The enzymatic extracts of the fungus M. thermophila obtained both on a small scale and in bioreactor showed the activities of endoglucanase around 200 U/g-substrate. The hydrolysis of the pulp performed at 60 °C showed better results, converting 60% of the cellulose, with yield of 16.2% of nanocellulose with 96 hours of hydrolysis. The nanomaterials obtained presented crystalline index of 77.4%. By FTIR it was possible to verify that the chemical compositions of the nanomaterials obtained were nanocellulose. On set temperatures were 152 to 194 °C. Atomic force microscopy showed that the obtained nanocrystals had an average length of 157 nm and an aspect ratio ranging from 1.1 to 10.0. Although the yield of nanocellulose is still lower when compared to that of acid hydrolysis, advances in enzymatic hydrolysis can still be obtained, investigating other possible enzymes that degrade lignocellulosic biomass, such as oxidative enzymes.
Idosos que cuidam de outros idosos: um estudo sobre sobrecarga e fragilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-21)
Macedo, Marcela Naiara Graciani Fumagale
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Santos-Orlandi, Ariene Angelini dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1334146454214813
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4508304026036940
In the national context, the family is the primary source of support for the older adult. As a result of population aging and the diversity of family arrangements, the number of older people caregivers of other dependent older adults increases. The task of caring may arise suddenly, without prior instruction or support from third parties, resulting in intense burden, especially for older adult caregivers. Scholars claim that this psychological tension can culminate in the development of frailty. Both burden and frailty can impact the quality of life of those involved and interfere in the quality of care offered, especially in contexts of high social vulnerability. With the early identification of both conditions, interventions can be thought out in order to reduce spending on health services and improve the quality of life of these individuals. Objective: analyze the relationship between burden and frailty of older adults who take care of others older adults registered in Family Health Units (FHU) with a high social vulnerability context. Method: a cross-sectional, quantitative study conducted in a municipality in the interior of São Paulo. This is a larger study, in which 65 older adults aged 60 years or older, registered in FHUs and caring for the older adults participated. Data were collected at the household of the older adult caregiver, from July 2019 to March 2020, by previously trained researchers. The following instruments were used for data collection: questionnaire to characterize the older adult caregiver and the context of care, the Zarit Burden Scale, and the frailty phenotype proposed by Fried. Descriptive and correlational analyses were performed. The differences between the groups were estimated using Pearson’s Chi-square, Fisher’s Exact and Mann-Whitney tests. The significance level adopted was 5% (p<0,05). Results: there was a predominance of older adults female caregivers (56.9%), aged 60 to 74 years (78.5%) and with a partner (93.9%). The majority of interviews were spouse caregivers (89.2%), had no prior training (96.9%) and no support to perform the task of caring (58.5%). There was statistical significance between high levels of burden and frailty (p=0.004). Frailty presented a statistical relationship with marital status (p=0.016), depressive symptoms (p=0.029), cognitive decline (p=0.029), and degree of kinship with the older adult care (p=0.015). Conclusion: there was a relationship between high burden and frailty in the older adults who care for other older adults seen in Family Health Units in a context of high social vulnerability. Most of the older adults who scored for absent or moderate burden were not frail, while older people caregivers who scored for moderate to severe or severe burden were frail.
Análise numérica de barras compostas em perfis de aço formados a frio submetidas à compressão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-21)
Nunes, Riterson Jacques
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Maia, Wanderson Fernando
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5473998179826262
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Nardin, Silvana de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5587716781980132
Built-up columns are an interesting alternative when isolated channels do not comply with structural performance requirements. During their lifespan, one of the most common stresses in built-up columns is the compression. Usually, built-up columns are formed by two channels spaced apart, examples being doubled U “back-to-back” or “front to front”. The various possibilities of bracing change the structural behavior to the shear, thus make it difficult to predict the normal resistance force of compression. The American Standard ANSI/AISI S100 (2020) presents an adaptation of the global slenderness for built-up columns, but only considers profiles in contact. Eurocode 3 (2006) distinguishes in elastic analysis, battened and laced built-up columns, but without a specific calculation method for cold-formed profiles. In this context, this work has as main objective to analyze the axial compression resistant capacity of built-up columns in double U section “back-to-back”. Numerical analyzes were carried out in the Ansys software to evaluate the influence of the following geometric parameters on structural behavior: types of bracing, number of battened plates, length of the built-up columns, spacing between channels and thickness of the channels. For each of the models, the normal compressive strength and instability modes were evaluated. In addition, the applicability of normative procedures to predict the resistive force was also evaluated. The results showed that longer built-up columns presented greater increase in the normal resistance force when compared to insulated channels. The increase in the number of battened plates did not show linear variation of the normal resistant force. For battened built-up columns, in most cases analyzed, Eurocode 3 (2006) presented lower resistance values than ANSI/AISI S100 (2020). Lot laced built-up columns Eurocode 3 (2006) underestimated the numerical results for greater thickness. The type of bracing had a greater influence on the models with higher overall slenderness, that is, for greater lengths and closer channels.
Optimization models and solution methods for the vehicle allocation problem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-21)
Cruz, Cesar Dario Alvarez
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Munari Junior, Pedro Augusto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1328868140869976
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Morabito Neto, Reinaldo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4194801952934254
The Vehicle Allocation Problem (VAP) consists in allocating a fleet of vehicles to attend the expected demand for road freight transportation between terminals along a finite multiperiod planning horizon. The objective is to maximize the profits generated for the completed services. Previous deterministic and stochastic approaches used heuristic procedures and approximation methods for solving large scale instances of this problem. This thesis contributes with models and solution methods for solving effectively large-scale instances of the VAP. The first method is Branch-and-Benders-Cut (BBC) for solving the space-time network formulation of the VAP. The Benders reformulation results in each subproblem being a multiple origin-destination minimum cost flow problem among empty vehicles exclusively. We propose two valid inequalities in order to reduce the number of infeasible cuts needed to reach a feasible and optimal solution. In addition, we use network flow algorithms in trying to accelerate the process of cut generation. Computational results are shown for randomly generated instances. The second method is a tailored exact Branch-and-Price (BP) procedure, that provides optimal solutions or certificates of quality, for solving large-scale problems within reasonable computational times. This method is the result of reformulating a compact Integer Linear Programming model of the VAP through the Dantzig-Wolfe (DW) decomposition and using efficient procedures for solving each component of the reformulation. The Primal Dual Column Generation Method (PDCGM) is used to solve the master problem, while the subproblem is modeled as a Maximum Cost Flow Problem and solved using the aggregation of optimal longest paths problems on Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAG). Finally, we resort to three branching procedures to obtain the optimal integer solution of the VAP. Computational experiments with instances from a case study and random realistic-sized instances are presented and analyzed, showing that the method has a superior performance with respect to other exact approaches in solving large-scale VAP instances. The third method is based on preprocessing the time-space extended graph and reformulating the problem in terms of routing empty vehicles along demand nodes. The resulting model's size depends on the number of demand nodes (arcs in the previous model) and fleet size, which can be advantageous when the number of terminal-period pairs in the time-space extended network is large compared to the actual number of loads requested. We propose a BP method based on the DW reformulation of this new modelling approach. The results of both, the reformulation solved by CPLEX and the BP, shows the superior performance of this new approach in solving realistic-sized instances of the VAP.
Desenvolvimento e aplicação de módulo de sensoriamento de baixo custo para o monitoramento de saúde estrutural de máquina rotativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-22)
Mascoloti, Gabriela Tavares
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Shiki, Sidney Bruce
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0573973677787523
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8487846064391835
Predictive maintenance is a recent maintenance model on the market, although it is already well known in the aeronautical industry, and it is increasingly necessary in any manufacturing environment. The research project aims to develop low-cost reduction nodes for predictive monitoring of machine health, increasing production performance and reducing long-term maintenance costs. Integrated with the concept of Internet of Things (IoT) and data processing, it will result in a tool to increase machine reliability. Precisely because it is a low-cost development, which will be developed in a laboratory with hardware and commercial sensor, the main challenges of the project is the dimensioning in such a way that it meets the requirements of an industrial environment and is economically advantageous. In addition, once developed, the technical staff responsible for monitoring must be trained to correctly read the information that will be treated and provided from a communication platform with the cloud. Another challenge of the research is to be able to install the prototype developed in a factory and prove the efficiency of the method. The focus of the main research is to develop a predictive monitoring device that is easy to install and operate with low cost, integrated with data treatment via the cloud and possible Application for industry. Once this goal is achieved, the device will be tested in a laboratory and industrial environment for study validation and data comparison. The study will focus on comparing the performance of machines with and without monitoring via a device developed in the research, in order to prove the importance and necessity of predictive maintenance aligned with data processing in the industry.
A robust lasso regression for linear mixed-effects models with diagnostic analysis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-22)
Garcia, Rafael Rocha de Oliveira
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Novelli, Cibele Maria Russo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1011098065426388
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0412360055686637
Variable selection has been a topic of great interest for statisticians and researchers alike. The choice of the best subset of predictors may be carried out with the objective of improving prediction or for easier interpretation of results. However, such methods are not always straightforward, mainly in the context of linear mixed-effects models. Variable selection for such models must be carried out for both fixed and random effects, the first being related to the global mean of data and the second to subject-level variance. There are two possible approaches when selecting variables for mixed-effects models: joint or two-stage procedures. In existing literature on the topic of variable selection for linear mixed-effects model, there is a method of joint selection via lasso for linear mixed-effects models under a normal distribution. Another topic of remarkable importance, is diagnostics and residual analysis. While residual analyses are carried out to assess issues with the fitted model and identification of atypical observations, diagnostic analyses are carried out assuming the model as correct and, assessing its conclusions robustness to small disturbances in the data and/or the model. There are many possible ways to deal with such observations. One is using robust models, which are said to be robust to disturbances in the data. That is, models that are better fit to data sets that possess observations considered to be as outliers and/or leverage. This work aims to use the robust method for variable selection in linear mixed-effects model and compare it with the normal method using diagnostic analysis.
Produção biotecnológica de galacto-oligossacarídeos (GOS) a partir do soro do queijo porungo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-22)
Bolognesi, Lais Saldanha
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Gabardo, Sabrina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9732593816895465
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5678265156332430
The use of agro-industrial residues associated with enzymatic process technology has encouraged the development of new strategies for obtaining bioproducts, such as galactooligosaccharides (GOS). The β-galactosidase enzyme is widely used on production of lactose-free products and, recently, studies on the production of GOS have emerged to take advantage of the main residue of dairy industries – cheese whey. This is a substrate rich in lactose, contributing as an alternative and low-cost source for obtaining GOS, oligosaccharides that act as prebiotics. One way to obtain GOS is using the enzymatic immobilization technique, which allows for several advantages, including the reuse of the biocatalyst, the reduction of maintenance costs and the improvement of thermal stability. In this context, this project aimed to study the use of porungo cheese whey, a dairy product characteristic of the southwest of São Paulo, to produce GOS through the immobilized β-galactosidase enzyme. The work was divided into two moments, in which, in the first, two enzymatic immobilization strategies were evaluated (calcium alginate and calcium alginate-Concanavalin A) in relation to the optimum pH and temperature of the enzyme. In the second moment, obtaining GOS was tested using the most promising immobilization support on different substrates (lactose solution and cheese whey) and then from different concentrations of lactose added to porungo cheese whey (200 g L-1 to 400 g L-1) and temperatures (37 °C to 55 °C). Enzyme immobilization allowed us to verify an increase in the optimal pH range (7.0 to 7.5) for the calcium alginate support when compared to the free enzyme pH range (6.5), while for the calcium alginate support Calcium-Concanavalin A, a greater enzymatic activity was observed at lower pHs (6.0). With respect to temperature, a greater enzymatic activity was observed for the free enzyme in relation to the two immobilization supports tested. Higher GOS yields were observed in porungo cheese whey (63.2%) compared to the lactose solution (41.1%), which was used in the next step to evaluate the process conditions. The maximum GOS yield was 17.73%, with 61.4% lactose conversion, at 46 °C and 400 g L-1. These results suggest the possible use of porungo cheese whey as a substrate in the biotechnological production of GOS.
Método bagging para aprimoramento de previsões de séries temporais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-22)
Camargo, Juliana Shibaki
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Andrade Filho, Marinho Gomes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4126245980112687
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Diniz, Carlos Alberto Ribeiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3277371897783194
Different methodologies are proposed and explored aiming to reduce time series forecasting error. A promising approach consists in combining different forecasts from different models in order to get a better accuracy, i.e., a smaller forecast error. This work aims to review and apply the bootstrap aggregating method, also known as bagging, in order to improve time series forecasting. First, each time series is divided into training and testing time series, and then the moving block bootstrap methodology is applied to the training series to generate different resampled time series, and then forecasting for each one of the series is performed and combined, thus obtaining the final combined forecast. The test data set is used to calculate the accuracy of the models, individual and combined. A simulation study of time series and application to a real time series data sets are presented. The chosen and fitted model for each of the time series was an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA). The accuracy measurements used were the mean square error and its root, mean arctangent absolute percentage error and the symmetric mean absolute percentage error. Finally, the impact on the forecasts of the combined model by varying the resampling method parameters was explored and comparisons between the combined and individual forecasting methods were also carried out.
Formação e manutenção de classes de equivalência: efeitos da magnitude das consequências e do uso de um procedimento gamificado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-22)
Santos, Alceu Regaço dos
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Souza, Deisy das Graças de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4404800720856419
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9728855417947699
Studies have showed that the relations between equivalence class stimuli can vary in function of numerous experimental parameters. However, few studies investigated the effect of consequences as an independent variable. This study is divided in three experiments, which have as general purpose to evaluate the effect of using reinforcing and punishing consequences in the formation and maintenance of equivalence relations. The Experiment 1 and 2 compared the use of contingencies of reinforcement and punishment exclusively or together, for training two potential classes of stimuli with four member each. It was used a traditional Matching-to-Sample procedure and the participants were distributed in three groups related with the consequences used: Reinforcement Group (R), Reinforcement-Punishment Group (R-P) and Punishment Group (G). A bigger number of participants in Group R reached the criteria for the formation of the equivalence classes when compared with the other groups. Experiment 3 had as specific objective an evaluation of the effect of the magnitude of the reinforcement and punishment consequences in the formation and maintenance of equivalence classes. For data collection, a gamified version of the MTS (the game Miner Troubles, developed for the study) was used, adapted for online data collection, due to limitations resulting from the Covid-19 pandemic. 56 people (between 18 and 57 years old) participated in the research, randomly distributed among three groups: the More-Earning Group (M-E), the Balanced Group (B) and the More-Loss Group (M-L). In the first group, the participants gained 4 points when they choose correctly and lost 1 point when making a mistake; in the second group, the participants gained 1 point when they choose correctly and lost 1 point when making a mistake; and in the third group, the participants gained 1 point when they choose correctly and lost 4 points when they choose incorrectly. As the results, the use of a greater magnitude of punishment interfered in the learning of conditional relationships and in the emergence of untrained relationships: the performance of M-L participants was less accurate in the Symmetry and Relationship Maintenance Tests compared to other groups. This experiment extends the findings of other studies on the effect of punishment on discriminative learning and gives rise to a discussion about the use of punishment more intensely in learning.
Six Sigma and Big Data in the industry 4.0 context: systematic literature review and survey on brazilian manufacturing companies
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-25)
Maia, Daniele dos Reis Pereira
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Lizarelli, Fabiane Letícia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4525431419326559
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6938205741811373
The development of interconnected, digitized, autonomous and integrated processes in different parts of production systems has been supported by technological advances in Industry 4.0. Industry 4.0 encompasses a wide range of technologies, among which are technologies that support the generation and analysis of large volumes of data in real time, supported by technologies such as Big Data, Big Data Analytics (BDA) and Internet of Things (IoT), which support the search for operational improvements such as optimized flows and real-time anomaly identification. Similar goals are shared by operational improvement methodologies such as Six Sigma (SS) and Lean Six Sigma (LSS), which over the past 3 decades play an important role in process control and improvement following the DMAIC structured method and tools and techniques for data analysis. Technological advances from Industry 4.0 technologies can support and expand the resources of the SS methodology, making it possible to reach other levels of operational performance. To identify the main technologies of Industry 4.0 that can be integrated with the SS methodology, the main relationships and benefits and the future in this field of study, a Systematic Literature Review was carried out considering the Web of Science and Scopus databases. As a result, it was identified that the technologies that most support SS are Big Data, BDA and IoT and that the relationships presented that these technologies positively support data analysis and better decision-making in improvement projects. Considering the evidence of the relationship between the Six Sigma methodology and the BDA, the proposition of hypotheses and a theoretical model were developed with the aim of investigating through a survey of relationships between the practices of BDA, SS and quality and business performance. A survey was carried out with SS specialists from several Brazilian manufacturing companies, in a total of 171 founders. The proposed model and hypotheses were confirmed using the PLS SEM technique, showing that the BDA positively impacts SS practices and when integrated, it has a greater impact on improving quality and business performance.
Perspectiva de alunos e educadores sobre animais de interesse médico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-25)
Fazenaro, Bruna Basso
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Carnio, Michel Pisa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0198207700485715
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4502833598872794
Animals of medical interest are a public health problem that exist for a long period. The scholarship environment becomes an important factor for the ethical construction of the individual, through awareness of the information, and prevention of how to act in the face of an accident with those animals. The lack of knowledge or misinterpretation about these animals and the presence of myths and legends reveal that this theme deserves greater attention within schools. The main objective of this study is to carry out a critical analysis of the perspective, care, and understanding of science/biology teachers and 9th-grade students, on the issue related to accidents with animals of medical interest. This research was carried out from the qualitative analysis. The collection instrument was the questionnaires, that were made to verify the knowledge about animals of medical interest in the school, allowing the free expression of the respondents in closed and open questions. We concluded that students and teachers were able to relate animals and their dangers, and would have positive attitudes in the face of an accident. This work enables future research related to animals of medical interest, both in terms of teaching and teacher training.
O efeito do exercício físico por meio de intervenção presencial e on-line na composição corporal, parâmetros antropométricos e nos marcadores inflamatórios em mulheres previamente sedentárias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-25)
Santos Junior, Valter Mariano dos
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Duarte, Ana Cláudia Garcia de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1996950253264696
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4627872176814007
The growing number of people suffering from overweight and obesity increases the demand for the development of intervention models for lifestyle adjustments based on the regulation of energy balance and adipose tissue metabolism. The study aimed to verify the influence of inperson and on-line intervention model on adipose tissue metabolic markers in obese women; 40 obese adult volunteers aged between 20 and 45 years will be selected, who will undergo 12 weeks of in-person and on-line multidisciplinary therapy with physical assessment, and collection of biological material for biochemical analysis, along with on-line support through emails, WhatsApp®, social media, and obesity-themed videos on an on-line platform (www.#12weeksfor, eat, fit, live). At the beginning and the end of the study, the volunteers performed a physical assessment of body composition, biochemical analyzes (glucose, adiponectin, leptin, and PAI-l). Volunteers could ask questions daily via email or WhatsApp® and received information about diet and exercise. The results were analyzed using SPSS software – version 22.0, for OS. Data normality was obtained using the Kolmogorov Smirnov test and expressed as mean and standard deviation (SD). To compare the means found between groups and intragroup, ANOVA Two Way and Fisher's post-hoc were applied, adopting the value of “p”, and thus verifying the significance found between the values. The dependence behavior of the variables was verified by simple linear regression. Based on the findings, it was possible to conclude that 12 weeks of in-person and on-line therapy can be widely used to combat obesity in this population, which reinforces that, even in a short space of time, significant changes can occur in all components of the body composition, as well as in the leptin, adiponectin and PAI-1 fractions. However, more studies need to be carried out to confirm in the long term and through a cut-off study that can cover a larger number of participants, thus fully elucidating and understanding the exact mechanisms that are involved in the weight loss process, changes in body composition, changes in leptin, adiponectin and PAI-1 fractions.