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Influência do estresse na qualidade do sono de idosos da comunidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-28) Guiesi, Pedro Henrique Machado; Orlandi, Ariene Angelini dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1334146454214813; Inouye, Keika; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7558935747100052; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5862069146879274
Sleep is a vital function that has a restorative and regulatory action on organic systems. Several studies indicate that sleep is negatively modified with aging. Stress leads to a state of alarm, resistance and exhaustion with physical and emotional changes. Considered a variable that, like aging, can bring about changes in sleep patterns. The present study aimed to identify the association between stress and sleep quality in community-dwelling elderly. This is a research with a quantitative, descriptive and transversal design. The sample was found by elderly people registered in Family Health Units in the city of São Carlos, São Paulo. Data collection was performed according to the application of a sociodemographic and health characterization questionnaire (this will include the use of sleeping medications, physical activity, weekly physical activity time, period of activities and comorbidities), Scale of Geriatric Depression (GDS-15), Perceived Stress Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Descriptive and comparative statistical analyzes were performed. The sociodemographic profile of the sample was young (M=69.88; Md=70.00; SD=6.92). Education was low (M=3.03; Md=3.00; SD=2.92). Individual and family income were less than 1.5 and 2.5 minimum wages, respectively (individual income: M=1201.87; Md=998.00; SD=886.50; family income: M=2328.39; Md=2000.00; SD=1121.93). The elderly were predominantly female (54.4%, n=67), married (92.7%, n=114), mulatto or brown (68.3%, n=166), Catholic (53.7%, n=66), retired (79.7%, n=98) and with a perception of insufficient income to meet the demands of daily life (57.7%, n=71). Regarding the variable presence of comorbidities according to sleep quality, the analyzes showed differences in the quality of sleep of elderly people with arterial hypertension (p=0.019), arthritis (p=0.026), anxiety (p=0.000) and depression (p =0.006). The total score related to poor sleep quality was significantly higher among the elderly with high stress (Low stress group: M=6.05; Md=6.00; SD=3.28; High stress group: M= 9.06; Md=9.00; SD=4.29) (U=1117.50, p=0.000). Analysis of covariance revealed that there is an effect of depressive symptoms on overall sleep quality scores [F (1, 120)=6.381, p=0.013]. However, even considering depressive symptoms as a covariate, the difference in sleep quality according to the level of stress remained significant [F (1, 120)=5.820, p=0.017]. It is concluded that high levels of stress lead to worse sleep quality.
Inferência para modelos de fração de cura zeros inflacionados aplicados a dados de risco de crédito
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-28) Felix, Matheus Henrique; Tomazella, Vera Lucia Damasceno; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8870556978317000; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3775653915719529
Given the great demand for granting credit and service goods, there is a need to be able to control the risk involved in the process. This measure aims to manage possible unwanted events, for example, default, in order to enable the generation of profit or control losses so that they are not greater than what the financial institution could bear. In times of crisis, it becomes increasingly necessary to use tools that can help decision making more reliably. Thus, several statistical techniques are used to build models that can express risk scenarios, including survival analysis, which aims, for example, to predict situations such as the time until defaulting individuals return to their initial defaulting status ( credit recovery). With the application of these techniques, financial institutions can base themselves on the results in order to provide an ideal credit value, so that it does not generate losses for the same, as well as estimates for the resumption of credit operations. In this context, this work aims to study the survival model with a zero-inflated cure fraction. In this approach, it is possible to incorporate three classes of individuals: individuals with time equal to zero, non-susceptible and susceptible to the event of interest. The proposed methodology is applied to a database of a financial company.
Identidades polinomiais para a álgebra de Jordan das matrizes triangulares superiores 2x2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-28) Salomão, Mateus Eduardo; Gonçalves, Dimas José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1668407948840456; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9042467665583924
Let K be a field (finite or infinite) of char(K) ≠ 2, and let UTn = UTn(K) be the n x n upper triangular matrix algebra over K. If · is the usual product on UTn, then with the new product a ○ b = (1/2)(a·b + b·a), UTn becomes a Jordan algebra, denoted by UJn = UJn(K). In this thesis, we describe the set I of all polynomial identities of UJ2 for any K, and we prove that I has the Specht property when K is infinite, namely that, I and every T-ideal containing I, is finitely generated as a T-ideal. Moreover, we describe the set of all Z2-graded polynomial identities of UJ2 with any Z2-grading, and we describe a linear basis for the corresponding relatively free Z2-graded algebra.
Educação divergente em ciências exatas e tecnológicas: a experiência de uma disciplina remota durante a pandemia COVID-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-28) Alves, Alessandra Fernandes; Souza, Carolina Rodrigues de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8152101475247049; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5764259071600725
In this dissertation, I investigate aspects of the didactic field of exact and technological sciences in order to rethink the ideal of scientific objectivity in the direction of a divergent education in exact and technological sciences. The search took place in a remote university extension course, during the COVID-19 pandemic, entitled Diversity in the Education of/in the Exact Sciences. The didactic proposal looked for actions, in the scope of Science Education, that would contribute to the appreciation of student subjectivities, through readings, writings, exchanges of vocal and visual records, debates and performances. The experience is narrated in this text in the form of acts, in a draft script, alluding to the theater and its references. To compose the research body, I chose to organize it in 3 acts: The scientific discourse as technology in the construction of docile bodies; Recognition scenes and performance as resistance in the field of exact and technological sciences. The research was guided by some concepts of Michel Foucault and Judith Butler. And, in the report, it was possible to observe that performativity was an invitation to bodies to find a place of resistance, visibility and subversion of identity in relation to the field of science, in a pandemic context. Also an idea of learning and teaching that cracks a authoritarian programming and theoretically problematizes the assumptions of positivist sciences. There is not a single answer that can be given when thinking about divergent education in Exact Sciences, but here I propose that this can be based on the importance of human subjectivity and in the relationship with different forms of existence, in a creative and inventive dynamic.
Sono e funcionalidade familiar: um estudo com idosos cuidadores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-28) Ferreira, Isabela Bonifácio de Almeida; Alves, Élen dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9548656064787272; Santos-Orlandi, Ariene Angelini dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1334146454214813; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9253483259970998
In the Brazilian context, older people care is culturally handled by a family member. Given the recent new family arrangements and the aging of the population, the number of older adults taking care of other older people is increasing. However, the responsibility of care can arise suddenly, and the family caregiver is not always able to assume this responsibility. In this case, the family members may not organize themselves, resulting in conflicts, disharmony, and consequent family dysfunction. Researchers claim that a dysfunctional context can have a negative impact on individuals’ physical health and, consequently, the caregivers' sleep may be negatively affected. Therefore, both family dysfunction and sleep issues among caregivers can interfere in the quality of the provided care, especially in contexts of poverty. Objective: analyzing the relationship between sleep and family functionality of older caregivers registered in Family Health Units in a context of high social vulnerability. Method: cross-sectional study, based on quantitative research assumptions, carried out in a countryside city in the state of São Paulo - BR. This is an excerpt from a larger study, in which 65 older adults aged 60 years or older participated, registered and residing in the urban area covered by the Family Health Units and who take care of other older adult. Data collection was performed in the older adult houses, in a place provided by the family from July/2019 to March/2020. The following instruments were used for the individual interviews: Questionnaire to characterize both the elderly caregiver and the care context, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess sleep quality and Family APGAR to assess family functionality. Divergencies between groups were analyzed using Pearson’s Chi-Squared and Fisher's exact tests. The significance level adopted for the statistical tests was 5%. Results: most of the older caregivers were female, with a mean age of 69.1 (6.4) years, married, caring for their partner, without previous training or help from third parties with the responsibility of caring. Regarding the sleep quality, 50.8% of older caregivers reported poor sleep. In relation to family functionality, 66.2% of older caregivers had good family functionality, 16.9% had moderate dysfunction and 16.9% had high family dysfunction. There was no statistically significant relationship between the total scores of the sleep instruments and family functionality. There was only statistical significance between family functionality and other sleep disorders caused by preoccupation (p=0.019). Conclusion: There was a higher rate of family dysfunction among older caregivers who had sleep disorders due to a very frequent preoccupation when compared to others.
Comparando o efeito de contingência de grupo independente e interdependente sobre o desempenho escolar em matemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-28) Gois, Nayara de Souza; Brino, Rachel de Faria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0235133592567485; Carmo, João dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1263046410329694; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1076603068790212
The present research replicated studies in social behavior ((Lloyd, Eberhardt & Drake, 1996; Pigott, Fantuzzo, Heggie & Clement, 1984), focusing more specifically on assessing outcomes produced by different group contingencies. Group contingencies are effective in modifying unwanted behaviors and increasing school performance. The aim of the present study was to compare an independent and an interdependent group contingency on the frequency of correctly answering math exercises. Twenty students, both genders, from fourth grade of Elementary School (Cycle 1), from a public school, in a city in the interior of São Paulo, participated in the study. Participants were divided into five groups and each group member performed math exercises with 60 addition and subtraction operations (all exercises were numerical) over a period of ten minutes per session. Reverse designs (ABCA) were used for three groups (Groups 1, 2 and 3), and (ACBA) for the other two groups (Groups 4 and 5). The A condition served as a baseline and no reinforcers were offered. ln B condition, reinforcers were provided by individual performance, required in the group activity. ln condition C reinforcers were provided based on the average performance of the group activity. The results of the present study show that averages of the frequency of correct answers for conditions B and C were higher than for conditions A. However, the participants did not have differences related to means and standard error between conditions B and C.
Uma reflexão sobre terminalidade assistida em contexto de vulnerabilidade social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-10-28) Souza, Helenira Porfírio de; Peggion, Edmundo Antonio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9849805103860827; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9056-9417; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0992128488268186
The assistance in dying consists of promoting relief from pain or any discomforts coming from the process of dying, which might last for a considerable amount of time, such as months or years. Aiming to understand this assistance paid to the dying, in a configuration apparently atypical from the ones described in the specialized literature, a survey was carried out, based on biographic data of the founder of the institution and also of people who are, in any manner, involved with the modality of aiding in end-of-life situations named as Palliative Care, which the institution observed presents itself as an adept. The change in paradigm at the assistance in dying in Brazil was explored as a reference to the construction of the aforementioned aid in dying and to the national and international contributions for the promotion of death under favorable conditions. The experiences found, demonstrate the impossibility of the application of the theory under determined conditions, such as the accompaniment of death of people assisted by the State in life. This fact explains and justifies the initiative of offering aid to people under conditions that are incompatible with life, granting them at least the possibility of a proper closure to life within the material conditions and the context in which the institution and its idealizer are inserted.