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Elaboração e análise de indicadores bibliométricos de publicações na área de educação em engenharia de materiais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-08) Almeida Filho, Humberto Dias de; Zanotto, Maria Angélica do Carmo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3731359873558304; Leiva, Daniel Rodrigo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6576844591900987; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9321426747626434
Engineering is directly related to the industrial and socioeconomic development of each country and region in which it operates, being a central area in its development. Indispensable to the present day, the engineering professional, whose reflection of his work directly implies changes in society must present a generalist, critical, humanistic and reflective profile. With the demand for new skills from new professionals, such as: leadership, entrepreneurship and innovation, efforts are being made worldwide in an attempt to modernize engineering curricula, thus increasing the importance of the field of research in engineering education, including materials engineering education. This work proposed to carry out an analysis of data from the application of bibliometric techniques, in records retrieved in the “Web of Science” platform. The search in the database was directed to the area “Education in Materials Engineering” and, after processing the data collected, the identification of the main countries; possible research groups, institutions, as well as possible trends related to the theme were made. After analyzing the data, it was possible to verify the US hegemony in research in education in materials engineering through the number of publications, main institutions and authors. Brazil, in turn, is in 4th position in overall number of publications, accounting for 4.5% of total publications. It is also worth mentioning the presence of a Brazilian researcher as the main author on the topic. Recently implemented public policies can act positively for greater growth in Brazil in such a scenario.
Um estudo estatístico sobre as redes de aeroportos no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-08) Amancio, Daniele Gentile; Cerqueira, Andressa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1934493281651316; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8911400120771744
In this work, we study the evolution of the Brazilian airport networks in order to describe their connectivity structure and to analyze if their structure changed during the pandemic caused by COVID-19. To this end, we study methods of community detection on random networks, that is, how to divide the nodes (airports) of the network into groups that have similar connection patterns. We compare the communities obtained for the airport networks built before and during the pandemic in order to determine if there are changes in their structure.
Brincar e aprender com e na natureza: a perspectiva do desemparedamento da infância na Educação Infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-08) Ferreira, Fernanda; Camargo, Andreia Regina de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0936098182171676; Santos, Maria Walburga dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2954227254025696; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5103399776594037
The present work has as general objective to present the separation of childhood as an important instrument in the promotion of school practices that address the child-nature relationship in early childhood education. The concept of desemparedamento refers to the term coined by Léa Tiriba and can be defined initially as a proposal to carry out school experiences in external spaces, outside the classroom. In this sense, documents and publications of the Ministry of Education were analyzed to understand the relevance of external spaces in promoting the integral development of children. The methodology used was that of bibliographic research, in which publications on the topic were surveyed between 2010 and 2020. It was also found that practices and pedagogical planning also need to be taken into account, and not just the available space. Thus, the qualitative research makes it possible to recognize the importance of children's contact with nature, highlighting their rights and respecting their wishes
Obesidade abdominal como fator de risco para incidência de insuficiência e deficiência de vitamina D em pessoas maiores de 50 anos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-08) Silva, Thaís Barros Pereira da; Luiz, Mariane Marques; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6873656781346891; Alexandre, Tiago da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5393622641681701; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6531822176663592
Introduction: Despite being very conflicting, some studies demonstrate a bidirectional relationship between obesity and vitamin D deficiency (≤ 30 nmol/L). However, there is little epidemiological evidence investigating the association between abdominal fat accumulation and the incidence of low serum vitamin D concentrations. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to verify whether abdominal obesity is associated with the incidence of insufficiency and deficiency of vitamin D and whether the presence of osteoporosis and vitamin D supplementation modify such associations. Methods: This is a longitudinal study with four years of follow-up involving participants from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) aged 50 years and over. The sample consisted of 2,470 participants with vitamin D sufficiency at baseline in ELSA wave 6, defined by serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] > 50 nmol/L. Abdominal obesity was defined as a waist circumference > 88 cm for women and > 102 cm for men. After four years of follow-up, serum concentrations of 25(OH)D were measured again and incident cases of insufficient (> 30 and ≤ 50 nmol/L) or deficient (≤ 30 nmol/L) 25(OH)D were considered as outcome. Multinomial logistic regression models controlled for sociodemographic, behavioral and clinical characteristics were performed. Results: Abdominal obesity increased the risk of incidence of 25(OH)D insufficiency by 37% (RRR = 1.37; 95% CI 1.02 - 1.84) and of 25(OH)D deficiency by 64 % (RRR = 1.64; 95% CI 1.05 - 2.58). Excluding individuals with osteoporosis or those taking vitamin D supplementation, the risk of insufficiency (RRR = 1.39 95% CI 1.02 – 1.91) and deficiency (RRR = 1.82; 95% CI 1.11 – 2 .97) of 25(OH)D in abdominal obese subjects was even higher. Conclusion: Abdominal obesity appears to be an important factor associated with an increased risk of insufficiency and 25(OH)D deficiency in people aged 50 years and over. These findings demonstrate the importance of a clinical look at obesity and its consequences so that prevention, monitoring and treatment strategies are developed
Análise da influência do teor de lignina de fibras vegetais nas características mecânicas e física do composto cimentício
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-08) Danno, Henrique Shiguemitsu; Gazzola, Jonathan; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0159433721761670; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2032324047982031
Civil construction is an industrial sector that consumes natural resources. To supply this demand, this sector has sought to use alternative sources of material and with positive mechanical performance. This market is looking for new sources of fibers, since asbestos, the most commonly used material, has restrictive restrictions regarding legislation, in addition to steel and polymers that cause negative impacts on its extraction and processing. Limit to Brazil's agricultural potential, vegetable fibers are natural and renewable sources, and can be applied in fiber cement. However, its mechanical performance can vary according to the lignin content. This research project aimed to analyze the influence that the lignin content of vegetable fiber can have on the mechanical strength of fiber concrete, looking for a possibility of establishing a relationship between these two factors in order to predict the feasibility of its use in civil construction. For this research work, there were two types of vegetable fiber with different lignin contents (soybean and bamboo). Vegetable fibers were prepared with drying treatment to remove internal moisture. Subsequently, its critical length was determined by a pull-out test and cut to be incorporated into the fiber cement. The test pieces were molded in body percentages of 0, 2, 6 and 10%, and cured according to NBR 5738 and NBR 5739, respectively. Mechanical strength tests followed NBR 5739. Mechanical strength was provided based on NBR 12655, and the Impact Test followed NBR 13818/1997. It can be demanded that there is a direct relationship between the lignin content and the increase in strength and energy absorption of the concrete. The recommended model with the best results was with an addition of 2% Bamboo fiber.
Quantificação da tortuosidade de vasos sanguíneos: definições e influência das etapas de realce e segmentação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-08) Silva, Matheus Viana da; Comin, Cesar Henrique; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9563440403120931; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8238004891292817
Morphological features of blood vessels can be used as markers of several pathologies affecting the tissues of organisms. Among these features, tortuosity displays a vital role in the study and diagnostic of conditions that affect blood flow. Advances in computational power and imaging techniques have made it possible to develop automatic methodologies for quantifying tortuosity in images with hundreds or even thousands of blood vessels. These methodologies usually involve the enhancement, segmentation, and skeletonization of blood vessels, each of which has been studied in several works in the literature. Frequently, these works ignore the influence that blood vessel tortuosity has on the quality of the result. In particular, many of the developed algorithms are not focused on processing blood vessels with high tortuosity, which tend to be relevant for several diseases. As a result, systematic problems (or biases) on quantifying blood vessel tortuosity can occur, leading to wrong conclusions regarding the studied vessels. Thus, we studied the influence that tortuosity has on different stages of digital processing of blood vessel images, especially regarding the steps of enhancement and segmentation. Experiments performed with an artificial blood vessel generator suggest that biases may occur when using traditional enhancement algorithms in vessels with high tortuosity. Using real images of blood vessels in the retina, we identified that databases mainly composed of tortuous vessels may affect the quality of segmentation by deep learning methods, with possible overestimation of the average tortuosity value of a vessel network. The experiments with deep learning were expanded with a large dataset of confocal microscopy images of the mouse cortex. We found possible biases that can occur when using pre-trained off-the-shelf networks to perform morphometric analyses of blood vessels. In addition, we identified the possibility of mitigating part of those biases by a fine-tuning step performed with new datasets, or by expanding the training dataset with transformations applied to the original data. It is expected that the proposed analyzes will lead to an improvement in the accuracy of morphometric values obtained in frontier research regarding the cardiovascular system.
Avaliação da atividade biológica do material orgânico derivado da base de Schiff N,N-bis'(salicilideno)-1,2-fenilenodiamina complexado com cobre (ll) e cobalto (ll)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-08) Soriano, Bianca; Sousa, Cristina Paiva de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9002619114161319; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6431092009628550
Treatment for bacterial infections is through antimicrobials and resistance is a major worldwide problem that leads to approximately 35,000 deaths per year. Another public health problem is related to occurrences caused by parasites such as visceral leishmaniasis, which presents severe clinical manifestations that can lead to death and the available treatments can cause definite side effects in addition to resistance. In this way, there is a need to produce new substances for the pharmacological development of molecules and their derivatives. This study aimed to evaluate the physical and biological properties of products derived from the base of Schiff N, N’-bis (Salicylidene) -1,2-phenylenediamine complexed with copper (II) and cobalt (II). X-ray diffraction techniques, Ramam spectroscopy, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (CBM), time kill, modulation of antibiotics with amikacin and gentamicin, determination of leishmanicida, determination of cell cytotoxicity in fibroblasts and evaluation of production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). It was possible to identify differences between the free ligand and its criteria. In the antimicrobial activity, the most expressive results were obtained with the Gram-positives S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. saprophyticus, M. luteus, E. faecalis and B. subitilis with inhibitions between 75 and 96% for all tested and a MIC of 125 µg.ml-1 to these bacteria. The CBM obtained was 1000 µg.ml-1 and 250 µg.ml-1 to S. aureus and S. epidermidis, respectively. To S. saprophyticus and E. faecalis, 500 µg.ml- 1 was detected. Through the antibiotic modulation test, a synergistic effect of the free ligand with the antibiotics gentamicin and amikacin was detected, reducing the MIC by 4 and 16X. In the evaluation of the leishmanicidal activity, activity was observed in the highest tested concentration of the studies with inhibitions above 85%. The assessment of cytotoxicity allowed us to observe that the free ligand has lower toxicity for all cell types tested when compared to the complexes. Through the ROS test, ROS production was detected, but at the lowest concentration tested, this production reached levels close to the levels of the control group. Through the cell migration test, total cell growth was detected in 48 hours with the free ligand and 72 hours with the cobalt complex. Thus, the data suggest that the cobalt complex and the free ligand have expressive antimicrobial and leishmanicidal activity when compared to the copper complex.
Contaminação microbiológica dos tetos de vacas leiteiras mantidas em sistema de confinamento Compost Barn
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-08) Fogaça, Carolina dos Santos Sousa; Silva, Naaman Francisco Nogueira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8255475072902530; Pimentel Filho, Natan de Jesus; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9157232954010211; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6632434103622862
The health of the udder of cows is strictly correlated to the absence of inflammatory processes that can affect the mammary gland, such as mastitis, which is considered the disease with the greatest impact on economic and productive aspects in dairy farming worldwide. Due to the high incidence of this disease in dairy cattle, an alternative system to the Free-Stall model, called Compost Barn, was developed. Therefore, this project aimed to establish the relationship between a Compost Barn confinement system and the contaminating microbiota of cow teats. In a rural property in the city of Angatuba - SP, monthly collections of materials were carried out in 10 % of the herd of cows, divided into three lots, and in specific points of the compost bed used in the confinement barn. For the cows, samples were collected with the aid of swabs on the outside of the sphincter of each teat and for the compost bed, plastic bags were used to collect and mix the samples. Subsequently, aliquots of decimal dilutions were transferred to Petri dishes with culture medium for analysis of total coliforms and Staphylococcus spp. of the udder and for analysis of total coliforms in the bed. The average coliform count per udder was 2.8 Log10 CFU/udder for lot 1, 2.7 Log10 CFU/udder for lot 2, and 3.0 Log10 CFU/udder for lot 3, with a level of 2.84 ± 0.55 Log10 CFU/udder (mean SE; N = 33), with CV = 19.30 %. For Staphylococcus spp., the mean count of lot 1 was 5.3 Log10 CFU/udder, of lot 2 it was 5.5 Log10 CFU/udder and of lot 3 it was 5.3 Log10 CFU/udder, with level of 5.35 ± 0.45 Log10 CFU/udder (mean SE; N = 33), with CV of 8.48 %. According to the methodology, the compost bed of the confinement system was also analyzed for the concentration of total coliforms, with the average counts per bed of each batch being 5.7 Log10 CFU/g of sample from batch 1, while in the beds of lots 2 and 3 were 5.5 Log10 CFU/g, with coliform level at 5.55 ± 0.50 Log10 CFU/g (mean SE; N = 36), with CV = 9.03 %. Through the obtained results, it appears that the Compost Barn confinement system has been shown to be effective in relation to the low count of Staphylococcus spp. and total coliforms in the udder and barn compost bed.
A emoção na criança de 3 a 4 anos: laços de alteridade e mediações entre escola e família na educação infantil em meio à pandemia da covid-19.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-08) Nobrega, Isabelle; Zuin, Poliana Bruno; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0389350936548546; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6884188105701193
This research aims to analyze a trajectory of the meanings of emotions historically constituted by a group of children aged 3 to 4 years in social isolation caused by the Covid-19 Pandemic. The children belong to a room at the Child Care Unit (UAC) at the Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar, campus São Carlos-SP. Resulting from the Covid-19 pandemic, the project was developed in a virtual environment, using applications such as Whatsapp and Google Drive to dialogue with the children's families, as well as sending suggestions for weekly activities addressing the theme of emotions. Based on the theoretical construct of the philosopher of language M. Bakhtin and authors who compose a cultural-historical theory such as Vygotsky, Luria, Leontiev, among others who understand language as a constitutive activity of consciousness and emotions, reports and narratives were collected. of family members about their children at this moment of social isolation in order to analyze whether the proposed activities helped in understanding the meaning of different emotions for children. This research will contribute to the areas of Linguistics, Psychology and Education, as it seeks to highlight the importance of naming emotions during childhood for the child's emotional and intellectual development. Frontal data in the light of the theoretical framework allow public policies to incorporate the theme "Emotion and Feelings" in the Early Childhood Education curriculum, as well as seeking to help teachers to work on this theme in the classroom, welcoming families and their children, especially when returning to face-to face activities during and after the Covid-19 pandemic.