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Aplicação de metodologias ativas no ensino e aprendizagem de números racionais com questões da OBMEP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-17) Junqueira, Juliana Roberta; Malagutti, Pedro Luiz Aparecido; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5462523657624050; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8763160280330650
This study aims to investigate the use of active methodologies in teaching and learning mathematics. For this study, the result of the work developed with questions from the OBMEP in the city of São Carlos-SP was observed (work that was presented as the Final Course Paper, in the Post-Graduate Course Lato Sensu: Teaching of Mathematics in High School - Matem @tica na Pr@tica) with the title - OBMEP Questions helping to learn the content of natural and rational numbers - and the work developed in the city of São João das Duas Pontes-SP at the José Brandini State School, a school belonging to the Board of Directors of Education – Region of Fernandópolis and which joined the group of schools belonging to the Integral Education Program (PEI) in 2020. Through the analysis of the external and internal evaluations of the José Brandini State School carried out at the beginning of the 2020 school year, the team of Natural Sciences and Mathematics under the guidance of the PCA (Area Coordinating Teacher) Juliana Roberta Junqueira noted that there is a large gap in skills related to the issue of numbers rational, in all years/series. Thus, in discussions in the Collective Pedagogical Work Classes by Area of Knowledge (ATPCA) meetings, all teachers began to investigate which objects of knowledge related to the topic of rational numbers were in greater gaps in each year/grade. From this study, the study of active methodologies began, what they are, and how they can contribute to improve the teaching and learning of students, thus, we began to investigate which active methodologies would be more viable to be applied in each year/series, seeking to overcome such weaknesses and recover such gaps. After defining the methodologies to be used, the teachers started working with the students, applying such methodologies and evaluating their use and the results produced every two months. This work began in February 2020 and is still being applied at school. Every two months, skills that are out of step and the best methodologies are studied in order to recover them. Unfortunately, we suffered from the suspension of classroom classes due to the COVID-19 pandemic that made us rethink the way to use such methodologies, even so we were able to observe that the use of such methodologies had a positive result in the teaching and learning of PEI E.E. José Brandini.
Interferência de herbicidas na associação da bactéria diazotrófica Nitrospirillum amazonense e mudas pré-brotadas de cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-17) Jonck, Luana Carolina Gomes; Monquero, Patricia Andrea; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2766526793830455; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5829065571164188
The microbial inoculant for sugarcane containing Nitrospirillum amazonense cells is a recent technology and has been adopted in association with pre-sprouted seedlings to sustainably increase the crop's productivity. The objective of this work was to evaluate the sensitivity of the bacterium Nitrospirillum amazonense to imazapic and indaziflam herbicides, as well as the impact of this inoculation and herbicide treatments on pre-sprouted sugarcane seedlings. The “in vitro” sensitivity of the bacterium N. amazonense to herbicides was evaluated using the minimum inhibitory concentration technique (Assay 1). In this trial, 2 herbicides (imazapic - 200 g a.i. ha-1 and indaziflam - 100 g a.i. ha-1) in 5 doses were evaluated. In the second trial, the sensitivity of N. amazonense to imazapic and indaziflam herbicides, applied at commercial doses, in autoclaved soil was evaluated. The bacterial population count was performed using the most likely number technique (McCrady Table). In trial 3, herbicide treatments were evaluated (indaziflam, imazapic, clomazone, tebuthiuron, sulfentrazone, without herbicide), applied in pre-planting of pre-sprouted seedlings of the variety RB 966928, in the presence and absence of the inoculant N. amazonense. According to the results of the tests, the presence of indaziflam did not interfere in the in vitro growth of the bacterium N. amazonense, regardless of the dose. Imazapic caused significant inhibition of bacterial growth only at the 2DC dose. The count of the bacteria N. amazonense in the soil of the treatments that received the application of indaziflam and imazapic, did not differ in relation to the soil without herbicide. The pre-sprouted seedlings of the RB966928 variety showed high sensitivity to the herbicide imazapic, regardless of the inoculation of N. amazonense. The herbicides clomazone, tebuthiuron and sulfentrazone did not interfere in the growth promoting effect of N. amazonense. Inoculation did not change the sensitivity of pre-sprouted seedlings to herbicides. It is concluded that the herbicides evaluated in this study do not interfere in the association of pre-sprouted seedlings of the variety RB966928 with the bacterium N. amazonense, although the selectivity for seedlings is differential among the herbicides.
Bioecologia, monitoramento e controle do bicudo-da-cana-de-açúcar (Sphenophorus levis): uma revisão bibliográfica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-17) Caetano, Letícia Fernanda; Marques, Rodrigo Neves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8945237946471247; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0041401903857192
Sugarcane is attacked by numerous pests, among them the sugarcane weevil, Sphenophorus levis Vaurie, 1978 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), whose larvae cause severe destruction of the cane stalks, leading to early renewal of sugarcane plantations, affecting productivity and longevity of sugarcane areas. The dissemination of the weevil throughout the entire producing region of South-Central Brazil is a result of the use of infested seedlings when planting in expansion areas. Added to this, the change in the harvesting system caused a drastic increase in the population of this pest and, currently, due to the difficulty of control is one of the most important pests of sugarcane. Given this scenario, this work aimed to survey the main references in the literature that report aspects about the bioecology, monitoring and strategies for control of S. levis. In view of the challenges of managing S. levis in sugarcane production systems, great efforts are necessary to prevent its dissemination to areas where it does not yet occur and for its effective control. Thus, Integrated Pest Management is based on the use of joint actions that require a systemic analysis of all components of the system in order to reduce its population to acceptable levels.
Reintegração da borracha de pneus inservíveis para construção civil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-17) Pedrazolli, Eduardo Nomura; Agnelli, José Augusto Marcondes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7592090152400440
The disposal of tires has been a major social challenge nowadays, which is why, many entities and companies that operate in this sector contribute to combating the incorrect dumping of tires. One of the methods most used by companies, is the reverse logistics, through which it is possible to reuse all the tire components, and thus implement the recycling as much as possible of materials that would otherwise be disposed irregularly. This paper work presents processing methods for the reuse of tire materials and other possibilities of using the rubber of tire waste mainly aimed at civil construction, specifically for cement and paving industries.
Estudo dos mecanismos da síntese de metanol via reação de hidrogenação do CO2 sobre catalisadores à base de cobre
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-17) Silva, Débora Monteiro Teixeira da; Gomes, Janaina Fernandes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6718634914051168; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0463179902287965
The use of CO2 as a carbon source in the production of more complex molecules with high added value is a topic that has been gaining ground in academia as the relationship between climate change and the increase in the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere is confirmed. In this sense, one of the processes widely investigated is the hydrogenation of CO2 via heterogeneous catalysis. One of the most interesting products that can be produced via heterogeneous catalysis is methanol (H3COH). The present work aims to critically review studies that contributed to the development of the field of catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol on copper-based materials, pointing out the main advances, challenges and promising directions to be followed. It is agreed that the two main mechanisms of methanol synthesis via exclusive hydrogenation of CO2 over copper-based catalysts are (i) the formate route and (ii) the RWGS+CO-hydro route. The development of these routes is strongly related to the interaction between the surface and the intermediate species formed during the synthesis. In the formate route, the first intermediate formed is the formate itself (HCOO*). The formation of this intermediate occurs through the interaction of CO2(g) with a hydride adsorbed to the surface. After this first step, the following hydrogenations are observed: HCOO*→H2COO*→H2COOH→H3CO*→H3COH*→H3COH(g). In the RWGS+CO-hydro route, the first intermediate formed is the carboxyl (COOH*). This species is formed after the hydrogenation of one of the oxygen atoms of the adsorbed CO2. Carboxyl, however, is an unstable species on copper-based catalysts and dissociates quickly, leading to the formation of CO* and OH*. Although the first intermediate in this route is carboxyl, it is a consensus that the key intermediate for methanol production via the RWGS+CO hydro route is CO*. After its formation, CO* can be hydrogenated, leading to methanol synthesis, or desorbed, leading to the formation of CO(g). Pure copper surfaces are excellent RWGS catalysts, however, in these catalysts the CO* formed is easily desorbed, therefore methanol synthesis via RWGS+COhydro is negligible over pure copper. One of the strategies that can be adopted to increase methanol production via the RWGS+CO-hydro route over copper catalysts is the addition of dopants that act to stabilize CO* and the HCO* species, formed in the first hydrogenation of CO*. After the production of CO*, the hydrogenations follow: CO*→HCO*→H2CO→H3CO* → H3COH* → H3COH(g). Recently, studies have shown that the presence of water in small amounts promotes global methanol production. The main results presented in the literature indicate that the water molecule can act as a hydrogen donor species, reducing the activation energy of the processes of formation of O-H bonds and the breaking of the C-O(H) bond. However, in addition to hydrogenating the intermediates of this synthesis, the presence of water in the reaction medium may be related to surface changes, such as increased surface basicity and the formation of oxides.
O Conselho Municipal de Educação de Porto Feliz/SP: intercorrências da gestão democrática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-17) Silva, Petula Ramanauskas Santorum e; Lima, Paulo Gomes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5109357037661496; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3258719620839728
The central objective of this research in the area of education policy and management was to analyze the initiatives and strategies of the Municipal Council of Education (CME) were used to implement democratic management in the municipality of Porto Feliz/SP (Municipality of the RMS - Metropolitan Region of Sorocaba/SP, Sub-region 2), in light of the performance of the members of the aforementioned council for the effectiveness of the representation and guarantee of socially referenced quality. The research was delimited to the period 2017-2021, in comparison to the results of the research already carried out with the other RMS municipalities, from their respective CMEs as to the planning and implementation of the socially referenced quality between successful returns and adverse contexts, project coordinated by GEPLAGE - Group of Studies and Researches State, Politics, Planning, Evaluation and Management of Education UFSCar - Sorocaba. The project methodology was developed through qualitative research, consisting of bibliographic and documentary analysis, and data treatment through content analysis based on the works of Bardin (2011). The collection of feedback from respondents was carried out with 08 (eight) municipal education counselors from Porto Feliz / SP. The results, based on the respondents' speech and understanding of the object, showed that: the idea of democratic management appears diffusely in the official documents and statements of the respondents and municipal authorities, there are weaknesses regarding its implementation in the Municipal Council of Education of Porto Feliz/SP, especially regarding autonomy, representativeness, parity, participation and also in the performance of its deliberative functions, advisory and normative functions, and the supervisory and mobilizing functions do not even appear in their legislation, as well as vulnerabilities regarding the principles of public administration. Measures regarding democratic management mechanisms and strategies need to be studied and forwarded within the municipality.
Modulação vascular em rã touro, Lithobates catesbeianus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-17) Duran, Lívia Maria; Filogonio, Renato; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0339937732653268; Leite, Cléo Alcantara Costa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2031764784233552; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3860644910713923
Maintaining blood pressure stability is essential for cardiovascular homeostasis. Excessive fluctuations may cause deleterious problems such as vascular damage or reduction in tissue perfusion. Therefore, a series of mechanisms work on the fine adjustment of this variable, such as the baroreflex, which influences blood pressure through vascular adjustments and cardiac function alterations. The adrenergic and cholinergic systems likely modulate the vascular system. These mechanisms are poorly understood in amphibians, and they are potentially relevant since these animals are under the influence of gravity and are under potential hydric stress. Such factors can change vascular volume or affect hemodynamics with considerable effect on the cardiovascular system. Therefore, we evaluated the relevance of autonomic modulation of the vascular system in bullfrogs, Lithobates catesbeianus. The present work brings some new information about vascular modulation in this group. We observed that the adrenergic control has relative relevance for vascular adjustments. Despite being preponderant in the systemic circuit, adrenergic regulation is not the only responsible for MAP control. During hypovolemia, dual adrenergic blockade (inactivating vascular and cardiac sympathetic adjustments) did not affect the vascular parameters evaluated. Furthermore, we observed that cholinergic control is present and has higher relevance in the pulmonary vasculature.
Análise dos conteúdos de sistemática filogenética e taxonomia nos Livros Didáticos de Biologia do Ensino Médio aprovados pelo PNLD 2018
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-17) Barbosa, Haíla Gabriele Leme; Mattox, George Mendes Taliaferro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4453900943293186; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6589542540760098
The Textbook is an important tool in the classroom that allows building a scientific perspective by promoting a continuous and critical understanding of texts, visually appealing illustrations and technical language. Despite the guidelines established by the “Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD)” – the National Programme of Textbooks - on conceptual and political standards and methodologies that consolidate the teaching and learning process, textbooks may present gaps and limitations that include the fragmentation of subjects, outdated information and lack of context. These material limitations can be noticed within biology textbooks in chapters related to the classification systems of organisms and the evolutionary aspects of biodiversity. From this perspective, the present study aimed to analyze the contents of Taxonomy and Phylogenetic Systematics in five Textbooks made available by the PNLD. The results demonstrate the weaknesses and strengths of each work based on historical and contextualized panorama criteria and, in this sense, according to the topics analyzed herein, the Textbooks “Contato Biologia” by Leandro Pereira de Godoy and Marcela Yaemi Ogo and “Bio” by Sônia Lopes and Sergio Rosso were the most complete. Finally, the “Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC)”, the national normative standardizing a Common Curriculum could be clearer regarding the themes of Taxonomy and Phylogenetic Systematics, as the official document addresses the skills related to this important area of Biology in a superficial and scattered way.
Análise da cobertura das linhas e dos pontos de ônibus da cidade de São Carlos-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-17) Sabbadin, Ana Carolina; Hirosue, Fernando Hideki; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4091598921285700; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6766755915572913
This work purpose to verify the coverage area and the population served by the lines and bus stops, as well as highlight the importance of quality public transport in the development of a city and in the population's quality of life. For that, the object of study is the public transport system of the city of São Carlos, composed of its bus lines and its bus stops. The efficiency in coverage of this service, which is the responsibility of the Suzantur company, was analyzed. The analysis was carried out by crossing population information by sector of the city and coverage of lines and bus stops, making it possible to verify the efficiency of public transport in the city, as well as to compare the data obtained by analyzing the method that evaluates the coverage area of the bus lines and the method that assesses the coverage area of the stopping points. For this, quality references presented by Ferraz and Torres (2004) were used. For the development, the QGIS program was used, for the treatment of georeferenced information, as well as population data by sector obtained by the IBGE. After the analysis, it was possible to observe that both methods serve more than 90% of the population in urbanized areas. However, to measure the total quality of public transport, additional work is needed to check other important issues about the quality of this system and thus make this means more attractive, given its benefits for society and for the user. In addition, more up-to-date data is needed, as the bus stops file was found to have deactivated stops that are still mapped.
O papel da disciplina de PAPCEQ na formação do engenheiro químico e elaboração de material didático
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-17) Silva, Rafael Vinicius da; Ribeiro, Marcelo Perencin de Arruda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381402687491195; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5567613935526658
The usage of spreadsheets by science and technology students can be helpful solving complex problems quickly. In the UFSCar’s chemical engineering course we have a specific subject to aid students in the usage of such technologies to solve specific chemical engineering problems and also to help automate and solve other kinds of situations. This paper’s goal is to discuss and demonstrate how important this subject is to the engineer education, also the main goal is to present a courseware, which can be used to teach the subject and also as reference material for the students in other subjects. To achieve that, a brief literature review was made to understand how this kind of material is built and to seek for specific examples that can appear in day-to-day life of a chemical engineer. As for results, we have the courseware as an appendix and a better understanding of how important this subject is to the engineering students.
Avaliação de alternativas de reciclagem de mochilas de entregadores de refeição
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-17) Reis, Luiza Netto; Bernardo, André; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5705402824877708
Considering the many bags discarded monthly by food delivery companies, it is necessary to have a recycling process capable of meeting the entire monthly volume of disposal. Currently iFood, the company chosen to be used as the main example in this paper, recycles backpacks with the help of the company Retalhar, which has a procedure mostly dependent on manual processes, high operation cost, and does not have enough capacity to absorb all the discarded volume. The backpack component with less durability is the bag cover, which involves the Styrofoam box, and it has to be changed on average every 3 months. Different materials are used on the cover, but the main and most necessary to be recycled is the polyester fabric. This paper had the goal to study the recycling process of delivery bag covers discarded by iFood. The data used was provided by the company, where the author of this paper worked when the study was written, and a review of existing processes was carried out in order to determine the available alternatives for recycling polyester fibers, as well as an analysis of the current recycling process with Retalhar. At the end of the paper, using research and the analysis of seven different processes, alternatives for recycling were proposed, seeking to optimize the work of recyclers, along with an analysis of their economic viability. With the research and analyzes carried out, considering seven different processes, two possibilities for the polyester fabric were proposed: one consisting of a combination between the reuse of the fabric and the destination for automobile or cement production industry, and other, more complex and with greater possibility of repercussion, producing recycled threads by extrusion and using the recycled fabric to make clothes for deliverymen, employees and consumers.
Modelagem e simulação da reação de decomposição catalítica do metano em reator de leito fluidizado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-17) Milanezi, Henrique Carvalhais; Santos, João Batista Oliveira dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0285313473901330; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3725002122833699
Catalytic decomposition of methane is a promising route for producing both hydrogen and nanometric carbon, being a more eco-friendly rout to replace both steam reforming and furnace that produce industrially hydrogen and carbon black respectively. However, the knowledge about the decomposition is still in its infancy for large-scale applications in a competitive view, one of the ways to improve the system is change the fixed bed reactor for a fluidized bed to minimize problems of diffusion and homogenizaion, very expressive in the fixed bed system. Thus the presente work modeled the fluidized bed reaction in the software EMSO to improve the understanding of the subject and enable studies without the need to perform too many experiments.
Formação do Engenheiro Químico e a indústria 4.0 - influência das atividades extracurriculares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-17) Gabriel, João Pedro; Bernardo, André; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5705402824877708
The expression industry 4.0 refers to the named fourth industrial revolution. This revolution is about the emergence of new technologies and their incorporation into the industrial sector and its production processes, with the objective of making improvements in these processes, obtaining greater productivity and other possible benefits. Among the main technologies that are part of this revolution, we can mention, as an example, cloud computing, Big Data, additive manufacturing, internet of things, among others. As Chemical Engineering is an area that is closely related to industrial processes, it is strongly impacted by the revolution in question. As a result, professionals working in this area are faced with new concepts and new learning demands. Thereby, this text was based on a research to understand how extracurricular activities are related to the training of the chemical engineer in the context of industry 4.0. For this, a form was used that allowed contacting graduates and undergraduates who were or are still part of these activities and collect information. From this, the view of the graduates about the influence of student entities in the formation of chemical engineering and the view of undergraduate students participating in these entities about how they see the subject was obtained. Therefore, it was possible to observe the great potential of these student groups, linked to disciplines, in approaching topics related to industry 4.0 and contributing to the formation of chemical engineers in these new times.
O trabalho remoto na pandemia da Covid-19: um estudo em uma empresa de marketing digital
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-17) Aguiar, Willian Luiz de; Rachid, Alessandra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6981682198988902; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8800938403155530
This work aims to investigate what was the perception of workers in a digital marketing company about the home office work modality. With the start of the coronavirus pandemic, there was a need for social distancing as a way to fight the virus and the home office modality was widely adopted by several companies. The research was carried out through an online questionnaire, interviews with the management and also in company documents. The home office was evaluated positively by most of the people who participated in the survey and particularly by the company's management.
Simulação computacional aplicada ao estudo de juntas sn-bi-in/cu e sn-bi-zn/cu unidas por soldagem branda
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-17) Sousa Junior, Alessandro Rocha; Gouveia, Guilherme Lisboa de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9599497476281279; Spinelli, José Eduardo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8882038118634925
This work assessed the TCSLD3 database use for designing solder alloys of the Sn-Bi-In and Sn-Bi-Zn systems using the Thermo-Calc software and CALPHAD method. The thermodynamic analyses went through a preliminary detailing of the Sn-Bi and Cu-Sn binary systems, progressing to the study of the ternary systems of interest in order. As such, the final optimal compositions could be defined, leading, in the final steps, to the addition of copper in each one of the selected alloys. Initially, for the binary systems, small differences from the data provided in the literature were found. For the Sn-Bi-In system, the optimized Sn-53.55%Bi-2%In (in wt. %) alloy presented a liquidus temperature (TL) of 122.3°C and a solidification interval of 12.2°C. For Sn-Bi-Zn system, the eutectic Sn-50.53%Bi-2.28%Zn alloy composition was found with a TL of 130.3°C. In both cases, a reliable correlation with the data available in other studies was verified. Additionally, the method for simulating the effect of the contact with a copper substrate indicated satisfactory results regarding the identification of the expected Cu-containing phases. In the Sn-Bi-In system, the TCSLD3 database could describe the admission of the In element replacing Sn within the Cu6Sn5 and Cu3Sn intermetallics. In the matter of the Sn-Bi-Zn system, the main phase responsible for suppressing the formation of the two aforementioned intermetallics, Cu5Zn8, had its stability indicated for Cu contents between 0.5% and 1.0%, i.e., preceding the formation of the Cu6Sn5 and Cu3Sn intermetallics observed at intermediate contents.