Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2021-11-26"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 24

Um estudo investigativo sobre as dificuldades dos professores de Matemática iniciantes do ensino remoto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-26) Simonato, Letícia; Salvador, José Antonio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2487171069472158; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2296422006745805
Many researchs bring reports of difficulties that beginning teachers faces in the classroom with face-to-face teaching, such as lonelyness, lack of preparation to deal with students, with educational management, among others. However, we have a new teaching that is plaguing teachers even more, since they have no major studies that they can consult to feel a little less unprepared, which is remote teaching, started in 2020 by the unfornate Covid-19 world pandemic. Therefore, this work initially aimed to raise the main difficulties that beginning mathematics teachers are facing with this remote teaching, through a qualitative/quantitative methodology, with the proposal of analyzing a questionnaire for elementary 2 and high school mathematic teachers, with no distinction of brazilian location. As this goal was not achieved by the lack of approval from the Ethics Committee in time, the main objective of this work was to survey the research already done, the main difficulties of beginning teachers in general and also the most challenging contents for math teachers and students, through a qualitative methodology, leading to the production of activity sheets that can be proposed for high school math teachers.
"Visitas cuidadosas a pessoas idosas: recomendações para quando ficar distante não é mais possível": uma tradução comentada do português para Libras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-26) Silva, Glória Machado e; Nascimento, Marcus Vinícius Batista; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1893740212695470; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5058319066853669
Annotated translation is a speech genre that allows translators to describe as well as think about their work process, by the use of a translation diary, where one notes down comments and questions. Here we present the annotated translation to Brazilian sign language (Libras) of the public-interest informative article titled “Visitas cuidadosas a pessoas idosas: recomendações para quando ficar distante não é mais possível” (“Careful visits to elderly people: recommendations for when keeping distance is no longer possible”), published in UFSCar’s InformaSUS website. The translation was done remotely, due to the 2020 coronavirus pandemic, and benefited from the help of a professional translator and an audiovisual technician. Our work is guided by the thoughts of Bakhtin (2003) and Volochinov (2017), as well as the concept of verb-visuality in Brait (2013). In the end, we notice the pedagogical interest of annotated translation works in the training of professionals, since they encourage detailed thinking about translation choices and strategies.
A formação do tradutor e do intérprete surdo de língua de sinais no ensino superior: questões curriculares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-26) Sousa, Jucemara Aguiar; Nascimento, Marcus Vinícius Batista; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1893740212695470; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2557719641098693
This paper conduct to discuss the academic education of deaf people who studies Libras translation and interpreting courses in university education. It was carried out a bibliographic survey of the Pedagogical Political Projects (PPCs) of the bachelor's degree in Letras Libras courses and in Translation and Interpretating in Brazilian Sign Language - Libras and Portuguese Language offered by nine public universities and subsequently, a curriculum analysis of the courses was accomplished. The research aimed to know if these courses are prepared, in a curricular point of view, to receive a deaf student who has different specificities from hearing students and also wants to become a translator and interpreter. Through analyzes realized in the curricular projects, we found challenges that permeate the possibility of the deaf interpreters’ qualification, the difficulties founded in lessons that are sometimes taught in Portuguese. The curricular reality evidenced during this research demonstrate that, the connexion between theory and practice regarding the education of deaf translators and interpreters, is very distant, once bachelor's degrees in Libras translation and interpretation offered by the analyzed institutions were not designed to contemplating the education of deaf professionals. The research reveals gaps and the need to think about deaf person as a possible student of the courses, since the specific education as a translator and interpreter for this group is still very recent.
Comportamento defensivo, prejuízo na memória e ativação diferencial do hipocampo dorsal e ventral em camundongos machos submetidos ao protocolo de derrota social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-26) Costa, Vinicius Fresca da; Baptista de Souza, Daniela; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6261369005670849; Souza, Ricardo Luiz Nunes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2475842684688693; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9933482925848851
The hippocampus (HPC) is a brain area well known to regulate memory and spatial navigation but also known to be a very plastic brain structure that is influenced by other areas like the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) as well as by stress-related stimuli. In the present study, we investigated the effects of the exposition of chronic social defeat stress (SDS) in male mice on (i) the avoidance behavior assessed in the social interaction test (SIT); (ii) the anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus-maze (EPM); (iii) the working memory in the object recognition test (ORT); (iv) The presence of projections from the left mPFC to the dorsal HPC and ventral HPC (dHPC and vHPC) was also investigated (v) ΔFosB, CaMKII as well as ΔFosB+CaMKII labeling in neurons located in the dorsal and ventral hippocampus (d & vHPC). Results showed that chronic SDS induced defensive- and anxiety-like behaviors and memory impairment, followed by decrease and increase in ΔFosB labeling in the dHPC and vHPC, respectively. In the vHPC, an increase in the CaMKII labeling was also shown. There was a presence of projections from the left mPFC to both dHPC and vHPC. Together, these findings suggest that chronic exposure of mice to SDS may have (a) overactivated glutamatergic neurons in the vHPC, leading to an increase in defensive- and anxiogenic-like responses, and (b) inhibited the dHPC, causing memory impairment. Given that chronic SDS also impairs the left mPFC functioning, these SDS-induced effects on behavior and vHPC & dHPC may be related to a failure of the left mPFC control on the neuronal activity of the hippocampus.
Perfil de atividade física de trabalhadores de escritório brasileiros com e sem sobrepeso/obesidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-26) Oliveira, Rafaela Veiga; Barbieri, Dechristian França; Oliveira, Ana Beatriz de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1049547759186556; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4530665541494493
Office workers are characterized by a predominance of sedentary behavior (SB), and a low level of physical activity at work. Sedentary behavior can be related to several non-communicable diseases and can be considered a risk factor for overweight and obesity. In this theme, recent studies have proposed an analysis of physical behavior within 24 hours. Furthermore, it is suggested that the behavior analysis be detailed for weekdays (work and non-work) and weekends. However, few studies have analyzed whether behaviors can differ in terms of people's weight. In Brazil, there are no studies on the characterization of the main behaviors of office workers according to the body mass index (BMI). Thus, the present study aimed to characterize and compare the physical behaviors of office workers with normal weight and overweight/obesity through wearable devices (accelerometer). Secondarily, the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms and upper limb and spine functionality level was identified. Therefore, a sample of office workers was divided according to BMI into a normal weight group (GPN; n=17) and another overweight/obese group (GSO; n=26). The assessment was performed using wearable devices for 5 consecutive days, including weekdays and weekends. Four behaviors were determined through the analysis, being sedentary behavior (SB), standing time, physical activity (PA), and time-in-bed. Musculoskeletal symptoms and upper limb and spine functionality were assessed using questionnaires. Physical behavior data and questionnaires were processed and analyzed according to the appropriate statistical analysis. The findings show similarly for both groups that workers spent most of their time in SB, performed little physical activity, and had adequate rest time on weekdays and on weekends. The only difference observed was for SB during the non-working hours on weekdays, where the GSO spent more time on this behavior than the GPN (42 minutes). Both groups presented musculoskeletal symptoms in the neck and spine regions, which agrees with the current literature. In conclusion, physical behaviors do not seem to differ substantially among people with different BMI classification, but more studies are needed.
Caracterização de áreas potencialmente favoráveis para produção de cana-de-açúcar na bacia hidrográfica do Alto Paranapanema envolvendo aspectos climáticos, físicos e ambientais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-26) Ribeiro, Gabriela Vasconcelos; Toledo, André Marcondes Andrade; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1920147531988000; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6311389541128202
The characterization of physical and climatic aspects and the diagnosis of land use and land cover of hydrographic basins using geoprocessing tools is extremely important to assist in agro-environmental planning and zoning. Sugarcane, one of the main crops in Brazilian agribusiness, has an expressive distribution in the state of São Paulo, historically concentrating in the north, west and center of the state, but with a tendency to expand to other regions, such as the region south region of São Paulo, in the Alto Paranapanema hydrographic basin (BH-ALPA). This work aimed to characterize climatic (precipitation and temperature), physical and environmental aspects of the Alto Paranapanema hydrographic basin and identify potentially favorable areas for sugarcane production, by using geotechnologies. From SRTM images, we reclassified the slope into 2 classes (from 0 to 15% and above 15%). Furthermore, using images from the MapBiomas 5.0 collection, we mapped the areas with sugarcane for the Years of 1989, 1999, 2009 and 2019 for the whole study area. Regarding the environmental variables, we carried out a diagnosis of the permanent preservation areas (APP) of the main watercourses. With CBERS 4A images, it was possible to reclassify the land use and land cover into suitable and unsuitable areas for sugarcane production. For the climatic suitability of the basin, we used the data from the agro-environmental zoning of the São Paulo State Environment’s Office. We further used daily data of temperature and precipitation of 11 meteorological stations of INMET, to create climatic charts showing its spatial distribution by using the interpolation method, covering a time span of 10 years. The highest temperature values occur in the northwestern region of the basin, while the lowest occur in the southern and southeastern regions. Precipitation was higher values in the north/northwest region during summer, whereas in the winter, precipitation was overall higher in the south/southeast. According to other works, we observed that about 72% of the APPs are irregular and need to be recovered. That said, the basin still has about 33% of its area classified as suitable áreas for sugarcane production, while 67% correspond to non-suitable areas.
Desenvolvimento moral e o comportamento de mentir: uma revisão sistemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-26) Coutinho, Flora Goulart; Souza, Débora de Hollanda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3640676759708745; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3402862386900870
Moral development can be defined as a set of changes that occur througout time in the way children think and make decisions about what is right or wrong. Lying behavior, in turn, has been used in different studies on moral development in order to assess how children think about moral violations and/or dilemmas. The present systematic review aimed to provide a synthesis of findings from empirical studies investigating moral development and a possible correlation with lying behavior (i.e., engagement and moral judgment). The search was conducted in the PsycINCO, Scielo e LILACS databases, using the keywords moral development, lying, lies e moral reasoning as well as their correspondents in Portuguese. From a total of 24 papers found, 12 empirical articles, which were published between 2011 and 2020, were analyzed according to the PRISMA protocol. The findings from the selected studies point to a correlation between children’s moral development and the way in which they understand, interpret and judge lies. More specifically, their judgments on lying behavior gradually include more attributions of intentionality and reveal a less egocentric bias. Some studies also point to the role of cultural practices in this developmental process. For example, more collectivistic cultures tend to present higher levels of sensibility to the intention/ motivation for lying. A promissing future direction is to better explore how children’s initial experiences, specific to each culture, influence moral development.
Concepção da trilha sonora de Estado da Arte: um relato de experiência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-26) Aquino, Marcelo Braga Jorge de; Miranda, Suzana Reck; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8566012598222563; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0017864291240930
This work is a report of the experiments conducted in the conception process of the original score for the short film Estado da Arte, directed by Felipe Dreilick and Ariel Rodrigues. It aims to thoroughly describe all the component processes and steps for this experience, from the analysis of the first versions of the script to the development of sound experiments. The final result was composed upon the dramatic reading made by the cast.
Otimização na reprogramação de transporte aéreo de passageiros para unidades marítimas por meio de heurísticas MIP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-26) Santana, Mateus; Morabito Neto, Reinaldo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4194801952934254; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4986058876410200
In air passenger transport, events often occur that make it impossible to comply with the flight schedule planned for a certain period. In these situations, the Aircraft Recovery Problem (ARP) emerges, which involves rescheduling flights and reallocating aircraft to those flights. In this work, we treated an ARP in an oil and gas production company with an offshore operation that carries out, daily, via helicopters, the transportation of its employees and airport employees to maritime units, and vice versa . Therefore, we sought to: (i) develop Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) models to represent the problem, considering both the different optimization objectives pursued by the company (that is, minimizing flight delays in one day, the need for flight transfers to the next day due to unexpected events and the designation of helicopters for flights other than those already allocated in the schedule) and various practical restrictions of the company; (ii) develop MIP heuristics of the type Relax-and-fix and Fix-and-optimize that, when combined with a model formulated in (i), provide good quality results using little computational time. As for the models, five formulations were elaborated, and their validations and performance comparisons were performed using real and simulated instances provided by the company, selecting the formulation that provided the best solution within the time limit of one hour. In relation to MIP heuristics, different configurations were tested, using the same instances, to identify which would make it possible to provide better quality solutions. To solve the models and heuristics, a commercial optimization solver was used for the rescheduling of helicopter flights. Optimum solutions were obtained for part of the tested instances of the problem and, for those that could not be solved optimally, the settings for the heuristics were identified, which, among the tested ones, provided the best solutions comparatively. Thus, the results obtained demonstrate the notorious potential of the approaches proposed in this work to solve the evaluated ARP.
O ensino de sistemas lineares baseado na teoria de resolução de problemas de Polya
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-26) Garcia, Rafaela Fernandes; Seixas, Wladimir; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1697352974728327; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8097370441793741
he aim of this work is to analyze the teaching materials of Dante e Viana (2008) and Iezzi e Hazzan (2019), indicated for Basic Education by the National Textbook Program (PNLD), with the help of the filing methodology. From this analysis, from the perspective of the skills found in the Common National Curriculum Base (BNCC), [EM13MAT305] and [EM13MAT315] and in the problem solving method developed by Polya (1995), we elaborated a didactic sequence with the proposal to help and guide high school teachers in the content of linear systems with applications in economics and geometric interpretation. The material can be used in teaching both for the final years of Basic Education and for students from the Mathematics Olympics and higher courses with a mathematical basis.
Propostas educacionais e assistenciais de uma instituição de surdos localizada no interior de São Paulo: relato de profissionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-26) Lima, Larissa Chaves; Rocha, Daniele Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0948893650052847; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5419972112727177
This study aims to analyze how the Institution located in the interior of the State of São Paulo promotes the social inclusion of deaf subjects through the teaching of Libras and the Portuguese Language, investigating their teaching-learning strategies and the interaction of the subjects in this process, from the perspective of the study of language, from the theories of Vygotsky and Bakhtin.Vygotsky's main theoretical contributions that can be correlated with the teaching of deaf people emphasize the understanding that happens in the proximal development, which demands the interaction between a more experienced and skilled person in the subject and someone who will learn. Being very important this interaction with teachers, interpreters and family members, in addition to socializing with deaf people that are fluent in Libras. In this context, Bakhtin reinforces that language development is based on a dialogic structure, and that it requires constant social interaction. For the methodological procedure of this study, interviews were conducted with two Institution professionals: a teacher and Libras instructor and a social worker in a semi-structured way through the Google Meet application, both lasting around forty minutes. In this sense, Institution presents its pedagogical and care proposal aligned with the development of language, so that the deaf not only acquire learning, but also expands their socialization, both within the family, by emphasizing the necessary literacy of parents, as well as in social interaction. with their peers, in encounters between deaf people with different levels of learning and expression. There is a need to diversify educational approaches, since deaf people have different levels of literacy, socialization, and also tend to acquire homemade signs, which makes the work of a personalized nature, according to the context of each student. Institution has a multi-professional team, which, even in the face of various challenges, such as the pandemic, seeks to maintain active work, remotely, so as not to harm the performance and social development of students.
Tradução e adaptação transcultural do international consultation on incontinence questionnaire female sexual matters associated with lower urinary tract symptoms (iciq-flutssex) para o português/ Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-26) Poli, Giovana Garçoni; Beleza, Ana Carolina Sartorato; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4139635204538357; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7955067997541640
This research project translated and cross-culturally adapted the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Female Sexual Matters Associated with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (ICIQ-FLUTSsex) into Brazilian Portuguese. The study was conducted in 5 stages, as recommended in scientific literature: translation, synthesis, back-translation, expert committee review, and pretest. In this last stage, women who were up to 12 months of postpartum period were recruited. All (100%) participants considered the translated and adapted version easy to understand and positively evaluated the clarity of the questionnaire items. The translation and cultural adaptation of the ICIQ-FLUTSsex into Portuguese/Brazil was satisfactory, allowing data collection to be continued for subsequent psychometric analysis.
Percepções de graduandos em Ciências Biológicas sobre a carne cultivada: um estudo a partir das questões sociocientíficas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-26) Bezerra, Carmen Cris de Oliveira Nobre; Carnio, Michel Pisa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0198207700485715; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7861690952195071
The meat production system used today by capitalist societies is in a position of unsustainability - for environmental, ethical and social reasons. Cultivated meat appears as a food alternative that aims to combat the impacts present in traditional meat production. It is done through the cultivation, proliferation and differentiation of animal muscle tissue in the laboratory. Its development and application involve technical and social aspects that often become controversial. Socio-scientific issues show themselves in this frontier of knowledge, provoking considerations about sustainability and decisions making at the collective and individual level. Thus, there is an interest in analyzing the perspectives of biology students on a topic that converges scientific and technological production as well as social-level solutions, such as cultivated meat. A questionnaire was carried out among undergraduate students of Biological Sciences at the Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos Campus, and based on it, personal aspects related to their diet and perceptions about cultivated meat and its controversies were observed and discussed. Of 27 participants, 81.5% consume meat at some level, and 18.5% consider themselves ovo-lactovegetarians, with family culture and concerns about the environment and health being the main motivations for this choice. Most undergraduates demonstrated to have knowledge about cultivated meat, including its form of production and ethical motivations. The study showed that students present a speech aligned with the approach of Science, Technology, Society and Environment (STSE) when faced with the controversies present in the topic of cultivated meat, which could be reaffirmed as a socio-scientific issue. This work can contribute to future research as new technologies emerge daily and socio-scientific aspects are important in the formation of biologists and teachers.
Células solares: princípios e investigação do uso de redes de nanofios de SnO2 para aumento de eficiência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-26) Pellegrini, Manuela; Chiquito, Adenilson José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7087360072774314; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8875265742260767
In this work, a review was carried out on the functioning of commercially available solar cells and methods used to improve their efficiency, focusing in the final part on the proposal to apply the use of a network of SnO2 nanowires as a covering layer. Currently on the market there is a prevalence of silicon cells and thin films, so that several techniques have already been developed to increase light absorption in these devices. Since the operation of the aforementioned solar cells is based on the junction of two doped semiconductors, recombination processes aim to be avoided, prioritizing the greatest possible generation of free electron-hole pairs. In order to increase the optical path inside the device and consequently the photogeneration rate, surface texturing processes were developed that retain the incident photon for a longer time. As an example, the use of pyramidal structures in Si crystalline cells is applied. However, the texturing with the best theoretical performance is the so-called Lambertian surface, which is considered to be perfectly random. In addition to the interest in increasing the photon path, there is also a concern to avoid reflective losses at cell interfaces. To get around this problem, anti-reflective (AR) layers are used to improve the absorption of a certain band of the electromagnetic spectrum. Therefore, an AR layer is usually used together with surface texturing. Among the materials that have been highlighted in the photovoltaic industry, there is the class of materials TCOs (transparent conductive oxides) that have high transmission in the visible spectrum combined with high conductivity. TCOs are usually used as contacts in solar cells, however reflective losses of up to 30%-40% show the need to decrease this percentage. Several studies have already investigated the use of nanowire network with application to increase the performance of photovoltaic devices. Techniques are found that use nanostructures from an AR layer to a layer on an already textured surface with known geometries. Thus, the use of a network of SnO2 nanowires proves to be a hitherto unprecedented alternative in this scenario, but with potential applicability. Through the synthesis via the VLS method (vapor-liquid-solid) the growth of a network containing nanobelts is guaranteed. This type of synthesis stands out for its simplicity in obtaining high purity samples. As it is a chemical vapor deposition where the growth of nanowires is oriented on nanodrops of a catalyst metal, only the end of the wire contains the metal, resulting in a high purity nanowire. By changing the synthesis parameters, such as the thickness of the metallic layer and the concentration of Sn used, aspects such as the diameter of the nanowire and the thickness of the mesh can be indirectly modified. Therefore, when applying to cells already used in industry, it is possible to investigate which are the best synthesis conditions that lead to the most satisfactory results.
Simulações de Monte Carlo para estudar a propagação da luz através da pele de diferentes fototipos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-26) Palamoni, Otávio Perez; Fortunato, Thereza Cury; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6735240629855716; Castelano, Leonardo Kleber; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1397190485811267; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2809192023653329
In the last years, there has been an increase in interest in using light as a treatment, and it has been shown that this is a great alternative to more traditional treatments. Due to the complex nature of photons, it is important to consider the many characteristics of the tissue because every interaction will affect the photons in some way; so it is important to understand how these characteristics affect how a photon interacts with the tissue and if it has any negative effects on the treatment. In this study, we investigated how different melanin concentration affects the propagation of light inside the tissue. A six-layer tissue was created using pymcx, a Python interface for Monte Carlo Extreme; the tissue model was adapted from LaRochelle et al.(1), but the first layer was disregarded due to being too thin and having a low absorption coefficient. The optical properties were obtained by LaRochelle et al.(1), only the absorption coefficient of the living epidermis that was calculated using the wavelength, concentration of melanin, eumelanin pheomelanin ratio, and other parameters. In our simulation, we varied the melanin concentration from 0% to 50% to include all phototypes previewed in the Fitzpatrick scale, and we also evaluated the effects in four different wavelengths, being 410 nm, 630 nm, 780 nm, 850 nm. With analysis of the results we were able to see a significant difference in the light propagation, as in higher melanin concentrations the lower intensity in deeper layers, this effect is even more valuable in higher wavelengths due to its “penetration power”. We believe that by increasing the melanin concentration, the living epidermis absorption coefficient increase, thus absorbing more energy in the first layer, leaving less energy available to deeper ones.
Estratégias de coping empregadas por enfermeiros hospitalares no contexto da pandemia de Covid-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-26) Sousa, Rosângela Aparecida de; Mininel, Vivian Aline; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4557060516800427; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3911486326350407
Occupational stress is one of the negative factors present in nursing work, especially in the hospital context, a risk that is aggravated by the covid-19 pandemic. Organizational strategies are essential to reduce stress at work, however individual coping strategies can also contribute to minimizing the impact of stress on workers' lives. This study aimed to understand hospital nurses' coping strategies to cope with occupational stress in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. This is a qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory study, which was developed in a university hospital located in the inland of the state of São Paulo. The target audience was nurses who have been working within the research field for at least six months. Data were collected through individual virtual interviews, based on a previously defined script of semi-structured questions, and were analyzed according to thematic content analysis. The project was approved by the study setting and the Ethics Committee for Research with Human Beings at UFSCar; all ethical precepts were observed. Through the results of this research, three thematic categories emerged: Suffering at work, Pleasure at work and Coping strategies, the latter being subdivided into three subcategories: Problem-focused coping strategies, Emotion-focused coping strategies, and Coping strategies focused on the problem. meaning. Owing to the results, it was possible to understand the elements that cause suffering in nursing workers and also identify that, even in spite of the Covid-19 pandemic and in the midst of chaos, nursing workers sensed pleasure at work. Faced with stressful situations, is necessary to develop skills to deal with stress. Concerning the coping strategies, the participants in this study evince that they make use of different procedures that are essential in managing occupational stress. In general, actions such as consciously managing coping strategies, social support, self-control, distraction activities, escape-avoidance and reconditioning of positive emotions were contemplated. These are procedures that can contribute to coping with stress at work in a hospital environment, by means of direct action on the problem, reduction of unpleasant effects and emotions and/or positive reinterpretation of the stressor effect. It is concluded that the hospital environment is a workplace that generates suffering in nurses due to its peculiar characteristics and the work overload to which these workers are exposed, and it can also generate pleasure, due to the professional recognition of workers and rehabilitation of patients. Regarding coping, as a way of coping with occupational stress, nurses employed strategies that helped to minimize the impacts caused by work stress. However, as much as nursing workers handle coping measures, organizational strategies are essential to maintain a healthy and safe workplace and reduce occupational stress.
Moluscos de água-doce em estudos de ecotoxicologia: uma revisão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-26) Santos, Fernanda Campos dos; Carvalho, Cleoni dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7233550271936621; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4644891408432427
This study presents a review of the existing literature on the use of bivalves and freshwater gastropods as bioindicator animals in ecotoxicology studies. From this review, the objective was to identify the most used genera of freshwater molluscs in studies, as well as the locations and columns that appear in the largest number of publications, and the most studied classes of xenobiotics. To obtain the articles, the Web of Science (WOS) database was used, covering publications from 1945 to 2021. The biological markers used in the studies were organized into ecological, reproductive, behavioral biochemical, physiological, histological, genotoxic, exposure and morphological. A total of 553 articles were retrieved from the WOS database, and from this total, 382 works were collected. The most frequent genera of Bivalvia in the studies were identified as Corbicula, Dreissena and Anodonta, while for Gastropoda the most recurrent genera were Lymnaea, Physa and Biomphalaria. Europe is the continent with the largest number of publications on ecotoxicological tests with bivalves and freshwater gastropods; North America is the second continent on that list. For both groups, Africa is the continent with the lowest number of publications of articles on ecotoxicology. The decade with the highest number of publications worldwide was 2010, when 124 publications were recorded with bivalves, and 77 with gastropods as bioindicators. There was a tendency to collect animals in the field rather than collect them in the laboratory for use in these studies. The most used biological markers were exposure markers (57.85%), followed by biochemical markers (40.58%). The most used xenobiotics were agrochemicals, present in 71 studies.
Funções ecohidrológicas do escoamento pelo tronco em espécies florestais em ambientes urbanos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-26) Lima, Marcelle Teodoro; Bramorski, Julieta; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9489561669191042; Tonello, Kelly Cristina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3844965971290638; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3356546594809836
Trees play an important role in the hydrological cycle and nutrient cycling, playing an important ecosystem function. Even though it represents a small proportion of total precipitation, the stemflow has a significant ecohydrological contribution to the environment, providing the soil with additional amounts of water and nutrients. This study aims to present the ecohydrological roles of the stemflow of trees belonging to urban areas, in order to verify its chemical, hydrological and microbiotic contribution to the soil. As a method, a systematic review of the literature was initially carried out based on the selection of the most relevant articles on stemflow and nutrient fluxes. Then, the experiment was carried out at the Federal University of São Carlos, campus Sorocaba, São Paulo. During the period from October 2019 to September 2020, rainfall and stemflow were monitored in eight (8) forest species present in an urban environment, together with the study of factors influencing stemflow, such as dendrometric characteristics and morphological species; the abundance and transport of metazoans; the nutrient fluxes; and the change in chemical properties of soils at the base of trees. The results of this study show that research on the effect of stemflow on biogeochemical cycling and soil dynamics remains scarce and full understanding still requires many additional studies. In general, it was proven that the stemflow is an important means for the nutritional maintenance of the tree itself and its vegetal surroundings, being an important process for urban afforestation. It was observed that the yield of stemflow of the analyzed species had different influences from dendrometric and morphological characteristics, in addition to being able to transport metazoa to the soil and not necessarily high volumes of stemflow the trunk correspond to its greater abundance and transport. The same was observed for the nutrient fluxes, in which the enrichment in the stemflow water of the species showed its function as a nutrient source for the soils close to the base of the trees for most of the analyzed ions. In this way, the existence of the ecohydrological functions of the stemflow , adding water, nutrients and microorganisms in the soils in urban environments.
Efeito do tamanho e distribuição de tamanho inicial das partículas da hematita, na cinética de sinterização assistida por micro-ondas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-26) Togashi, Marina Magro; Perdomo, Claudia Patricia Fernández; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0062895903351287; Kiminami, Ruth Herta Goldschmidt Aliaga; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7643216999108223; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5752453280399318
This thesis aimed to study the effect of the initial particle size and its distribution of hematite on microwave-assisted sintering kinetics. Two synthesis methods were used: sol-gel and seeded-mediated growth. By sol-gel the average particle size ranged from 30 to 1500 nm, and possessed large distribution, and, by seeded growth, from 70 to 200 nm and had a narrower distribution of particles. Thus, the shrinkage of the samples was analyzed using conventional, hybrid microwave at 2.45 GHz (to 30 nm nanopowders) and microwave assisted at 30 GHz dilatometry trials with heating rates of 5 to 20 oC/min. For the samples at 30 GHz, the in situ electrical resistance was measured using the four-wire method. For kinetics study, the non-isothermal methods were adopted, from Woolfrey- Bannister and from Dorn to the initial stage and from Wang-Raj to the intermediate stage of sintering. The effect of the initial particle size was observed, as well its distribution, showing striking differences in the microwave at 30 GHz sintering kinetics, compared with the conventional sintering. The smaller the average particle size, the higher the densification rate, accelerating the sintering of hematite. Lower activation energy values are needed for both stages, besides the temperatures of onset of shrinkage, ranges of initial and intermediate stages and activation energies were lower, when compared to conventional heating as well as with the 30 nm nanopowders, sintered at 2.45 GHz. A narrower distribution promoted a lower densification rate. As the heating rate increased, smaller grain size and relative density values were obtained using microwave energy at 30 GHz. The sintered samples exhibited weak ferromagnetic behavior.
Modelagem matemática e a BNCC do Ensino Médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2021-11-26) Dameto, Christian Roberto; Rezende, Alex Carlucci; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4190869482260889; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4141006338711636
This Course Conclusion Work aims to build relationships between the work with mathematical modeling according to the concepts of Bassanezi (2002) and Burak (1992), and the learning objectives proposed by the High School's BNCC through Competences and Abilities, showing how the practice with modeling can contribute to the fulfillment of these objectives and to the formation of critical people, capable of fully exercising their citizenship. It also illustrates, through the analysis of an experience report, how modeling was able to mediate the learning of Skills highlighted by BNCC and give meaning to abstract mathematical concepts, promoting connections with previous knowledge brought by the students.