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Desinformação e Esquerda Brasileira: o discurso por trás das fake news
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-11)
Quessada, Miguel
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Andrade, Thales Haddad Novaes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5882842888759363
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7016464811045412
Fake news came up with the post-truth and had the Trump’s election and Brexit as the main examples of its indiscriminate use. Brazil did not come out unscathed and here they also had repercussions, mainly during the electoral period, in which all sorts of misinformation has been resurrected and became public again. Although the use of lies in politics is not recent, the fake news phenomenon is associated to the technological apparatus of the information society in which we live. As usual, the term fake news has become complex and the literature has preferred the term disinformation for being more comprehensive and able to understand all kinds of rumors. The present study aims to investigate the discourse propagated against the Brazilian left, proposing a typology of fake news used in order to understand which themes were part of the political schedule in the period studied by cataloging the disinformation that was denied by the agencies/sites. Checking and analysis of its content and discourse. Fake news is proposed by a subject interested in bringing specific topics to the political debate. propagated, they inflate the imagination of the subjects involved in the communication process. Methodologically, the work adopts Discourse Analysis to understand this phenomenon and applies Semiolinguistic Analysis as a form of analysis.
Algoritmos quânticos para resolução de equações diferenciais: análise de complexidade e aplicabilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-11)
Akamatsu, Daniel Yoshio
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Villas-Bôas, Celso Jorge
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5700887540085418
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4457174341992705
This work consists in a complexity analysis of an algorithm for solving differential equations, which shares common characteristics with other algorithms designed for the same task. Operations such as state preparation, implementation of multiple q-bit gates and controlled gates are found in several algorithms and their complexity, whose details are sometimes neglected when new algorithms are analyzed, are approached with details, intending to do an analysis as consistent with the reality as possible. It is possible to conclude that neglecting these operations can lead to a wrong complexity analysis with aid of practical examples.
Fuzzy approach for classification and novelty detection in data streams
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-11)
Cristiani, André Luis
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Camargo, Heloisa de Arruda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0487231065057783
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3601289671291571
Learning in data streams (DS) is a research area that seeks to extract knowledge from a large amount of continuously generated data in a short period of time. The novelty detection (ND) is responsible for identifying the emergence of new concepts and changes in known concepts. The true labels of the instances can be used so that the algorithms adapt to the concept evolution and concept drift. The time between the classification of an instance and the arrival of its true label is called latency. Most applications consider that these true labels will never be available. Others are more optimistic and assume that the true label will be available shortly after the instance has been classified. Another way is to consider that, after a certain time, the true labels will be available, which is applicable in most real-world scenarios. The use of concepts from fuzzy set theory makes it possible to make learning adaptable to possible inaccuracies in the data. However, few approaches use the concepts of fuzzy set theory and consider intermediate latency to obtain the labels. Therefore, this work proposes a method for classifying multiclass ND in DS for intermediate and extreme latency scenarios based on ECSMiner and PFuzzND algorithms. The results obtained show that the proposed algorithm obtained good accuracy in the classification and detection of multiclass novelties, classifying outliers that approaches that use crisp clustering were not able to classify. In addition, improvements were presented in relation to the algorithm initialization parameters, which reduce the complexity of its use, maintaining good results.
Design, síntese e caracterização de ligas multicomponentes contendo Mg para armazenagem de hidrogênio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-14)
Ferraz, Mariana de Brito
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Zepon, Guilherme
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7924187202036614
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5414167939699652
The use of hydrogen as an alternative fuel has been investigated due to its great potential to be used as an energy vector. One of the challenges for its wide application is to store it safely and efficiently. Therefore, metallic hydrides have been studied as a promising alternative for hydrogen storage in solid state. Moreover, multicomponent (MC) alloys are currently gaining attention because they can increase the possibility of obtaining materials for this application, due to their large compositional field. Recently, it was reported in the literature that some alloys with body centered cubic (BCC) structure present high storage capacity. There are many works dedicated to the study of MCs alloys composed only by transition metals, which ends up limiting the gravimetric capacity, due to the density. Therefore, the use of the element Mg in the composition of these alloys is proposed, since it has low density and good affinity with hydrogen. The present work made use of the parameters ∅, Ω, 𝛿�� (%) and VEC, as a method of composition selection, which resulted in the alloy Mg35Al15Ti25V10Zn15. This alloy was synthesized by mechanical alloy (MA) and reactive milling (RM), structurally characterized and its hydrogen storage properties were analyzed. The alloy produced by MA was composed of a BCC phase, with an amount of unmixed Mg, absorbing about 2.5 %p. of H2 at 375°C and 4 MPa. The alloy produced by RM was composed of a mixture of a face centered cubic (FCC) hydride and MgH2, having a desorption capacity of 2.75 %p. H2. Furthermore, the desorption behavior was analyzed, and it was observed that MgH2 is the first to desorb and the desorption sequence is complete after the decomposition of the FCC and body centered tetragonal (BCT) phases, leading to the formation of the BCC phase.
Slice Elasticity Architecture (SEA): definition, implementation and integration
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-14)
Rocha, André Luiz Beltrami
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Verdi, Fábio Luciano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9143186843657940
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6413433791281709
Network slicing initiatives (e.g., Cloud Network Slicing, 5G Network Slicing) are being widely studied by academia and industry as enablers for future networks like 5G and 6G, as well as verticals such as V2X, critical communications, augmented reality, and others. Several challenges arise with this emerging concept, which needs to be solved to further groundbreaking technologies. A significant challenge is slice elasticity, defined as the capacity to grow or shrink slice resources (e.g., computing, networking, or storage). One alternative to solve this challenge is providing a closed control loop (CCL) involving slice monitoring, management, and orchestration. In addition, this CCL may be easily adapted and coupled with most of the slicing initiatives of standardization bodies. In that sense, this thesis proposes, implements, and integrates the Slice Elasticity Architecture (SEA), an architecture to support a new business model called Slicing Elasticity as a Service (SlEaaS). This new business model enables slice resource orchestration across a heterogeneous end- to-end infrastructure that spans multiple administrative and technological domains in a facilitated and automated way for tenants and slice providers. The SEA monitors slice resources periodically, offers the policies/SLAs administration, and performs slice elasticity operations autonomously when the predefined policy is violated to ensure the QoS of the instantiated service. The SEA design is scalable and generic enough to support several technologies transparently. The results demonstrate the SEA functionalities based on scenarios of slice elasticity operations for computing and networking resources.
Categoria de Lusternik-Schnirelmann e aplicações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-14)
Ferreira, Junio Cesar
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Töben, Dirk
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0022267686144981
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6854004362377096
The Lusternik-Schnirelmann category associates a positive integer to each topological space. This number is an important invariant in algebraic topology, critical point theory and symplectic geometry. In this dissertation we present the theory of Lusternik-Schnirelmann category, compute the category of several topological spaces and provide some reformulations of the category. In addition, we show two applications of Lusternik-Schnirelmann category to other areas of mathematics. The first one is a geometric application proving that a convex body in Euclidean space of dimension n admits at least n binormal chords. The second application relates the category to topological complexity in the motion planning problem.
Multicriteria evaluation for prioritizing areas to maintain functional forest connectivity
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-15)
Silva, Ivan Vanderley
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Valente, Roberta Averna
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1582627535733911
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7241252263102036
The physiognomic differentiations of the landscape are consequences of the occurrence and regularity of anthropogenic disturbances, condition of resistance, and capacity for resilience. These properties influence the functioning and the possibility of connectivity of forest fragments. As a socio-ecological system, the landscape constantly changes and requires oriented management to define its standards and processes. This way, Multicriteria Evaluation (MCE) is an adequate tool for decision-making, considering its function of spatial aggregation, which supports the comparison and evaluation of criteria and scenarios. Thus, the study prioritized areas aiming for functional forest connectivity in a landscape under urban sprawl through the MCE. The studied area is located in the Biosphere Reserve of the Green Belt of the city of São Paulo, a region under pressure to convert forest remnants into urban use. The criteria represented our landscape environmental attributes and were defined through literature review, expert opinion, and various statistical techniques. Thus, proximity to forest fragments, Landscape Resistance Index, proximity to the drainage network, Topographic Wetness Index, and slope were the criteria that allow the identification of regions with the persistence of forest fragments and greatest landscape integrity. Therefore, by controlling the influence of the criteria, the proposed model supports the prioritization of areas for forest conservation, which supports the functional connectivity of the landscape's forest structure and supports planning forest restoration programs or payment for ecosystem services aimed at functional connectivity.
Comer e sobreviver: a comida como cenário de refugiados sírios em São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-15)
Marchini, Lize Navarro
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Machado, Igor José de Renó
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4705450652848752
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4221215667396192
The research observes two forced displacement experiences of Syrian refugees in the city of São Paulo, whose main source of income is the sale of typical food from their place of origin. The commercialization of food by the research interlocutors takes place through orders, mobilizing networks of indications, participation in fairs of nations and cultures of different institutions and through direct sales within the establishment of one of the families. Using the ethnographic observation of routines related to food and its commercialization, it is possible to notice variations in the spaces and discourses mobilized about the history of displacement itself and what is considered a typical element of a place. The nuances about the experience indicate important paths for anthropological investigation, and the questions raised here do not exhaust the possibilities for reflection on the connection between the themes from the perspective of exoticization.
Cistatinas de maqui: produção recombinante e inibição de cisteíno peptidases
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-15)
Souza, Eduardo Pereira de
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Silva, Flávio Henrique da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1757309852446263
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0850771035889805
Cystatins are tight binding competitive inhibitors of cysteine peptidases. In plants, they act regulating different physiological mechanisms, as well as defending from biotic and abiotic stresses, making them of potential use for biotechnological applications in agriculture. In humans, cystatins are associated with the control of cysteine-cathepsins, which, when deregulated, can trigger distinct pathologies. Then, the intervention with exogen cystatins, like the phytocystatins, have been studied as a therapy for cancer or inflamatory diseases, for example. In the face of the wide variety of cystatins applications, the search for new variants in different plant species is relevant. The maquiberry (Aristotelia chilensis) is a native plant from South America, closely related to the Chilean culture. Recently, it has been coming into light due to its high anthocyanin content, and now the species is considered a superfruit. As an understudied species, little is known about the biotechnological potential of its proteins, until then, underinvestigated. In light of this, this work consisted in the identification, recombinant production and characterization of maquicystatins. From a trascriptome of the plant cultivated in Temporary Immersion Bioreactor, six sequences were identified, from which five were obtained by cDNA amplification. These were cloned in pET-28a expression vector for production in Escherichia coli Rosetta (DE3). The purified proteins were submitted to fluorimetric assays of inhibition against cysteine peptidases. All cystatins were able to inhibit papain with Ki of 7.13, 1.42, 3.29, 2.99, 5.05 nM, for MaquiCPIs 1 to 5, respectively, proving that they were expressed in the right conformation. They were also able to inhibit human cathepsin L efficiently (Ki of 0.34, 0.33, 0.38, 0.57 and 1.25 nM), but only MaquiCPIs 1, 2 and 3 could inhibit human cathepsin B (Ki of 35.74, 20.97 e 21.94 nM, respectively) in nanomolar order, while the others inhibited the protein in micromolar order. The capacity of maquicystatins in inhibiting human cathepsin indicates a potential in controlling distinct pathologies.
Bayesian variable selection for logistic mixture models with Pólya-Gamma data augmentation
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-15)
Bogoni, Mariella Ananias
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Zuanetti, Daiane Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8352484284929824
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1099499926393005
In this work, Bayesian methods for estimating and selecting variables in a mixture of logistic regressions model are presented. In order to simplify its Bayesian estimation, we extend the data augmentation approach with Pólya-Gamma random variables to the mixture of logistic regression models. Through the data augmentation approach, we present a Gibbs sampling algorithm for estimating the full model, and the number of components in the mixture is identified by Bayesian model selection criteria. In the model with variable selection, we investigate the performance of two prior distributions for the regression coefficients, adding a second set of latent variables to indicate the presence and non-presence of the predictor variables at each component of the mixture. Analogously to the full model, a Gibbs sampling algorithm is applied to the model with variable selection and the conjugation obtained for the distribution of the regression coefficients, through the inclusion of Pólya-Gamma variables, allows us to analytically calculate the marginal likelihood and gain computational efficiency in the variable selection process. To analyse the performance, the presented methodologies are applied in simulated and real data.
Monitoramento do treinamento auditivo e da funcionalidade em criança com Transtorno do Processamento Auditivo Central
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-15)
Garcia, Elisandra Santos Mendes
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Martinez, Claudia Maria Simões
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1371315095038350
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1917901010989348
Central Auditory Processing refers to the efficiency and effectiveness with which the central nervous system uses auditory information. Changes in the functionality of the Central Auditory Nervous System lead to Auditory Processing Disorder (CAPD). CAPD involves the auditory system and is characterized by a persistent limitation in the performance of auditory activities with significant consequences for participation. The intervention process proposed for CAPD is called Auditory Training (AT) as a set of conditions and/or tasks designed to activate the auditory system and associated systems. The present study considers strong associations between the central auditory nervous system and functionality, in terms of participation, capacity and occupational performance. Its bases were anchored in the theoretical logic of the biopsychosocial model and in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of an auditory training program on the functionality of a child with CAPD. It was also aimed to develop, apply and analyze an auditory training program for a child with CAPD; create an instrument to monitor the functionality of a child with CAPD, submitted to auditory training, analyze the changes in its implementation from the participant's perspective; and, to analyze the perception of the effects of auditory training on functionality, from the perspective of the child, the mother and the teacher. Therefore, a pre-experimental, intra-subject case study with an A-B design was chosen. Audiological and CAP assessments were performed and, based on the diagnosis of CAPD, a program of ten sessions of auditory training was developed. To analyze functionality issues, the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) was applied. A Functionality Monitoring instrument was created, applied in four stages of the study, to measure changes during the intervention, named MFTAI. After completion of the intervention program, the auditory assessment and auditory processing were reapplied, in addition to the COPM. The child's mother answered the anamnesis and the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) and a teacher answered the PEDI, also before and after the AT. The results obtained in this thesis demonstrate that the intervention process promoted an improvement in the scores in all tests of the CAP assessment battery, but the CAPD is still characterized. The scores of the MFTAI instrument, the aspects of functionality anchored in the biopsychosocial model and ICF, as well as the occupational performance based on the COPM, allowed us to affirm that the TA promoted positive changes, inferring a progressive improvement in the children's personal perceptions regarding their functions and structures of the body (related or not to auditory processing) and improvement in activities and participation, regarding the components of Behavior, Auditory Skills and Activities and Occupations. The mother's and the teacher's perception complement each other in order to assess the positive changes in functionality and dialogue with each other in order to corroborate the limitations in the child's participation. It is concluded that from the design used and, subject to its limitations, and with the use of measures, it is possible to affirm that the Auditory Training caused positive effects on the functionality of a child with Central Auditory Processing Disorder. For future research, we suggest replicating the study with a larger sample of participants and intra-subject quasi-experimental designs to verify the possibility of generalizing the data found. Added to this, it is suggested to improve the MFTAI instrument, in the psychometric perspective, created in this thesis to measure changes during the intervention.
O que a pele anuncia: uma análise da obra de Gilka Machado para além do erotismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-16)
Borges, Jaqueline Ferreira
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Martha, Diana Junkes Bueno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1857520068239671
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2429642679832671
This thesis aims to analyze the work of Gilka Machado (1893-1980) as the result of the process of constructing poetry and the poet, considering that there is a thematic diversity between the poems of the first book, Cristais Partidos (1915); and the last one, Velha Poesia (1965). To carry out the research, the corpus is Poesia Completa (2017), the second re-edition of the 1978 work and a book that brings together six of the ten titles published by Gilka Machado. Regarding the content of the verses, there is a duality between body and soul that moves the eroticism of the works, as well as a mobilization of the poetic persona that claims agency and voice for the black women of their time. There is a constant questioning about the place of women, which in the poems happens through the description of the senses and poetic devices such as metaphor, alliteration and assonance, building verses of artistic and political manifestation. This thesis observes freedom as an impulse for eroticism, a political act that manifests itself through the poems; also the concept of “Amefricanidade”, by GONZALEZ (2020), theorist that underlies the discussions of race, alongside CARNEIRO (2011) and FANON (2008). The concepts of DAL FARRA (2016) are substantial to think about the trajectory of the writer, as well as AGAMBEN (2007), FOUCAULT (2010) and BOURDIEU (1989), to build the hypothesis of symbolic death and the erasure imposed on the poet who appears especially in the last books, when loneliness permeates all the poems. Finally, the concepts of PAZ (1994) subsidize the discussions about form and poetry in the face of the smokescreen constructed by the critic to limit poetics to eroticism.
Opinião de mães de crianças com autismo sobre os serviços de apoio, satisfação parental e suporte social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-16)
Selarim, Luiza Laroza
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Spinazola, Cariza de Cássia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0508285970778426
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Cia, Fabiana
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5999108571365402
It is known that family contexts are fundamental for the development and learning of the human being, especially for families of children with autism, due to the developmental particularities they have. In this sense, the research objectives were: (a) to identify and analyze the support services, parental satisfaction and social support of families of children with autism and (b) to relate parental satisfaction and social support with the sociodemographic data of families of children with autism. The research design is descriptive and correlational. Participated in the research 15 mothers of children with autism, aged between three and eight years, enrolled in public schools. The instruments used in the research were: Questionnaire characterizing the family system, Brazil Criterion, Questionnaire of social support, Questionnaire of parental satisfaction and a semi-structured interview script. The collection took place by individual interview, in person or remotely. The data collected were quantitative and qualitative. The quantitative data underwent analysis of central and dispersion measures and the qualitative data were analyzed through the elaboration of categories. To correlate the variables, the Spearman correlation test was used. The results of the research on the schooling of children with autism showed that all children were enrolled in Early Childhood Education, and only 4 children received Specialized Educational Assistance, showing the lack of assistance in regular schools. Regarding services and family needs, 9 children in the study attended a specialized institution in addition to the regular school, and the psychologist was the most indicated professional as the mothers' interest to receive care, for them and for their children. Regarding parental satisfaction, despite the stress, mothers felt satisfied to be mothers, especially in good times with their children. With social support, it was possible to perceive that the greater the number of supportive people, the greater the satisfaction of the mothers, and the most suitable support person was the children themselves. As for the correlations, the positive ones were: the age of the mothers with items related to time with the child; the age of the children with the importance of parenting and items related to emotional support; the mothers' schooling with the number of people and with the satisfaction with emotional support received. It is concluded that public services must be offered to enhance the child's development and, over the years, mothers become more likely to have good social support, increasing Parental Satisfaction.
Famílias de crianças com síndrome de Down: escolarização, serviços de apoio, satisfação parental e suporte social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-16)
Montes, Kananda Fernanda
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Spinazola, Cariza de Cássia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0508285970778426
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Cia, Fabiana
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5999108571365402
The family is the child's first social environment and the basis for their child development. Families of children with disabilities have specific characteristics and needs. Knowing these families makes it possible to create programs to help them. This research was based on the bioecological perspective of human development defended by Bronfenbrenner. The objectives were: (a) to characterize the schooling of children with Down syndrome in the regular school network (b) to identify and analyze support services, parental satisfaction and social support of families of children with Down syndrome and (c) ) to relate parental satisfaction and social support with the sociodemographic data of these families. Participants were 13 mothers and 2 fathers of children with Down syndrome enrolled in public schools. The evaluative measures were: Critério Brasil, a questionnaire on social support and parental satisfaction and a semi-structured interview script. The interviews were individualized, face-to-face and online. Data were analyzed categorically and using measures of central tendency and dispersion. To correlate the variables, the Spearman correlation test was used. There was a diversity of care and needs of families. Parental satisfaction showed a high average and a positive correlation with the age of the parents, influencing the well-being of the child. Satisfaction with social support depended more on quality than quantity. It is concluded that there is a need for intervention programs and public policies that pay attention to the individualities of families of children with Down syndrome and offer quality support networks.
Estimativa das propriedades físico-mecânicas de madeiras tropicais brasileiras através da análise de porosimetria por intrusão de mercúrio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-16)
Almeida, Andréa de Souza
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Christoforo, André Luis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7623383075429186
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8357751524776131
Full wood characterization tests require expensive and large equipment, found only in research centers and, moreover, require time and skilled labor. Thus, the minimal and simplified characterization are a tool widely used in the design of projects, as they make work easier, faster and cheaper. Among the properties of wood, the bulk density presents itself as a reliable estimator of the other properties used in the design of timber structure projects. As a result, many researchers have analyzed the interaction of the wood density value with the other properties through empirical equations and obtained good results. Among the anatomical factors, porosity is preponderant in influencing the value of wood density. In addition, porosity is also directly related to permeability (a major influence on the preservative treatment process and in the production of wood panels), thermal and dielectric properties, dimensional stability and mechanical strength of timber. Considering the great influence of porosity on important properties of wood and the search for mathematical models that are increasingly accurate, this study aims to generate multivariable regression models for the estimation of the physical-mechanical properties of Brazilian tropical woods as a function of porosity, obtained through the analysis of porosimetry by mercury intrusion, sometimes of the bulk density and sometimes for both properties, with the purpose of generating equations with a highs degrees of precision. For this purpose, eight species of tropical wood will be investigated, namely: Cedro-Amazonense (Cedrela spp.), Cedroarana (Cedrelinga catenaeformis Ducke), Cambará (Erisma uncinatum Warm), Tatajuba (Bagassa guianensis), Cupiúba (Goupia glabra), Jatobá (Hymenaea spp.), Angelim Vermelho (Dinizia excelsa Ducke) and Champagne (Dipteryx odorata). For the eight species, complete characterizations were carried out according to ABNT NBR 7190 (1997), the average values for porosities were obtained through the analysis of porosimetry by mercury intrusion and, finally, the statistical analysis was carried out to obtain of the multivariable regression models. As a result, the estimates of the properties of fc,0, fv,0, fs,0, Ec,0, EM and Et,0, considering the bulk density and porosity as free variables [f(ρ12%; Po)], showed higher coefficients of determination when compared to models considering either only apparent density or only porosity as an estimator of these properties. The ft,90 was possible only considering the porosity as an independent variable, where it presented R2 equal to 51,91%. The difficulty in estimating fs,0 and ft,90 can be partially explained by anatomical issues of the wood, showing how much porosity was crucial in the success of estimating ft,90. Finally, the anatomy factor considered by porosity improved the multivariable regression models in estimating the properties of fH,0 and EM, as they are properties that are strongly influenced by the anatomical factors considered by the average porosity values of wood species.
Significados das práticas educativas no Centro Socioeducativo de Internação Feminina de Manaus/AM: a perspectiva das meninas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-16)
Caldas, Edla Cristina Rodrigues
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Onofre, Elenice Maria Cammarosano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9391211432183878
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1586747721284754
The research seeks to understand the meanings that girls express based on the educational practices at the Social Educational Girl’s Internment Center of Manaus (SEGICM), in Brazil. The specific goals were aligned to the general one, namely: to analyze concepts and conceptions related to education and socioeducation; to present conceptions of education in public policies for education and for the socioeducational system in Brazil and in Amazonas; to characterize the school and non-school activities experienced by the girls at the SEGICM; to identify meanings that the girls manifest in educational processes inherent to the activities promoted by SEGICM. The central question for the thesis is: what meanings do young girls attribute to the educational practices in the scope of the Social Educational Girl’s Internment Center of Manaus? The methodology is in accordance with the epistemologies of the South, in an attempt to value "other knowledges" and to build up a horizontal dialogue with this knowledge. The approach is qualitative in the development of participatory research, using as instruments of data collection document analysis, observations and conversation rounds. Thirteen insertions were made in educational activities at the Social Educational Girl’s Internment Center, among them four conversation rounds, during a reading and writing workshop. We observed nine face-to-face classes in the Young and Adult Education modality during approximately four hours, in four classes. In the classes and other activities, we accompanied and dialogued with seven girls, five educators (four women and a man). The observations were recorded in field diaries and the records were analyzed according to the Content Analysis procedures, according to the analysis focuses, emerging in the research field itself: "girls' wanderings", "teaching and learning processes in the Socio-Educational Center" and "being socioeducational and being imprisoned". The results show that liberating education is central to the construction of a democratic society committed to the demands of the oppressed and that these demands should be present in the development of public policies for the education of young people in situation of deprivation of liberty, considering the various youths in their specificities. The theses and dissertations about the theme of youth and deprivation of liberty grew in the period from 2007 to 2018. There is, however, a small number of researches about the education of girls in situations of deprivation of liberty. It can be stated that there is already scientific evidence of doing education in spaces of deprivation of liberty. In regards to the educational practices, it was verified that these are meant by the girls from the valorization of the family and the feeling of hope in relation to the future, as well as by the importance of schooling in the process of complying with the socio-educational measures. In turn, the meanings of the educational processes for the girls in situations of deprivation of freedom in the SEGICM are permeated by life experiences and by the schooling trajectories prior to entering the socioeducational unit. Both (experiences and trajectories) are permeated by violence and by school paths that bring stories of failures and ruptures throughout the schooling process. Not coincidentally, school inside the SEGICM is resignified as another chance to study successfully, to learn, and as a starting point for new perspectives for the future.
Narrativas de enfermeiros sobre o cuidado à saúde de adolescentes gays
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-16)
Melo, Luan Sudário
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Melo, Flávio Adriano Borges
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2146448542549482
;
Wernet, Monika
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6056127658896265
Being a teenage/young gay person imputes vulnerabilites, with higher chances to suffer negative/right violations, product of prejudices and distancings presented on relationships with these specific public. It is right that the insertion of both conditions, being gay, there are higher chances to not get access to/or hospitality on the healthcare system, above all in stigma function, socially aware prejudice, negative productors, including the right to healthcare. The cisheteronormative traspassing has the tendency to deny people, deny human expression, in which can be extended to healthcare. By those matters, this study has its objective to analyze how nurses' narratives about the health care of gay adolescents. This exploratory study considers the qualitative approach having as its theorical references Symbolical Interactionism. 11 nurses took part of the study collecting data remotely through semi-structured interviwes and open for 6 months (March-September 2021). The data was transcribed in full and underwent thematic analysis in the proposition of Clarke and Braun. As a result, four categories emerged, being: “teenage gay and their needs”; “support network and truncated interactions with family”; “relacional encounter between nurses and gay adolescents”; and “teaching-service relationship with nurses’ care for gay adolescents”. The social labels can come to interfere on the true encounter, specially for leading to na unique look to the innocence of believing on unique stories and always similar, capable of being fitted on “prescriptions” of oriented documents on healthcare attention. The results found on this study point towards a care practice pretty plastered and still being executed on a cisheteronormative logic. Despite some of the nurses verbalizing expanded concepts about the teenage gay, the practice prevails guided by cisheteronormative biases and restricted by the operationalization of protocols. A relationship with a shallow formation process is inferred in terms of forms of existence, bodies, subjects, unfolded in reduced and almost object-oriented attention.
Classificação da doença de Alzheimer baseada em graph kernels construídos a partir de atributos de textura 3D de imagens de ressonância magnética
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-16)
Mendonça, Lucas José Cruz de
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Ferrari, Ricardo José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8460861175344306
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2356924713834182
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is neurodegenerative and characterized by cognitive and behavioral impairment. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a relatively broad clinical condition involving a slight memory deficit, which in many cases represents a transitional state between a cognitively normal (CN) condition and AD. Many published studies restrict their analyses to searching for structural changes caused by the disease in a few particular regions of the brain.. Currently, the studies are looking for new AD biomarkers using multiple brain regions and focusing on subtle texture changes in the image. Therefore, this study proposes a new technique for MR image classification in AD diagnosis using graph kernels constructed from texture features extracted from 3D Structural magnetic resonance (sMR) images. In our proposed method we first segment the brain images into multiple regions with the FreeSurfer. Then, we extract 22 texture features and defined the graph node attributes as the probability distributions of the extracted features. Next, for each texture feature we build a graph and define its edge weights as the distances between pairs of node attributes using three metrics. After that, we use a threshold-based approach for graph edges removal. Finally, we perform graph classification using Support Vector Machines (SVMs) with two graph-kernels. Results of our method have shown better performances for the CN×AD (AUC=0.92) and CN×MCI (AUC=0.81) classifications, and worse for MCI×AD (AUC=0.78). This trend is consistent with other published results and makes sense if we consider the concept of Alzheimer's disease continuum from pathophysiological, biomarker and clinical perspectives. Besides allowing the use of different texture attributes for the diagnosis of AD, our method uses the graph-kernel approach to represent texture features from different regions of the brain image, which considerably facilitates the image classification task via SVMs. Our results were promising when compared to the state-of-the-art in graph-based AD classification.
O uso de materiais audiovisuais produzidos por zoológicos como ferramenta educativa para a conservação da fauna no ensino formal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-16)
Pereira, Gabriela Aparecida
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Silva, Rosana Louro Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2635824351245453
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2629489634105153
The use of social media use has been growing every day specially the ones such as YouTube were the medias produce by zoo are getting more space each day. This arises an opportunity to use zoo videos in schools and spread the environmental education to several people. This study had the aim to identify trough content analysis, the main features of zoo videos posted on YouTube. We select fifty videos from the eight largest zoo channels of Brazil zoos on YouTube. They were transcript, and classified according to the central themes they presented, the categories of meaning attributed to biodiversity, sphere of values, scientific contents and forms of participation, views, and number of likes. The analysis obtained suggest that the most frequent themes on the videos were about zoo animal and their conservations projects. The categories of meaning most repeated were the one about the parks and human actions for conservation of the species, and the ones about general knowledge, concepts, and ideas about biodiversity. Regarding the spheres, the ones about of ethical and aesthetic values, were the most frequent. The most popular video had 140,793 views, and the most liked 2,200 likes, showing that the relevance of these contents can achieve on YouTube. The perceptions of educators about these videos were also collected through a structured questionnaire, and the data analyzed indicate that most of the teachers would use zoo videos in their classes, and the aspects that most caught the attention of these educators were the topics talked on the videos and the language used. They also reported that it was interesting to produce more videos covering the subjects about “Use of natural resources/Biodiversity Conservation” and “Biological Concepts”. The videos analyzed showed great potential for use in classroom, and to increase their popularity on YouTube, topics on natural resources and biodiversity conservation as well as biological concepts are recommended. For a more critical approach on these videos, the biodiversity could be explored more widely, were its seen as a whole, and the sphere of “forms of participation” can be more explored on these videos. The results indicate the possibility of enhancement on the production of new video materials, their potential to be used on formal and non-formal educational contexts as well as on the spread of biodiversity knowledge.
Gestão escolar democrática à luz de Gramsci: uma análise da gestão escolar paulista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-02-16)
Santos, Gislaine Gonçalves dos
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Martins, Marcos Francisco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4515924584428591
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7966760045336255
this dissertation presents the results of a research on democratic school management, which was investigated taking Gramsci's legacy as a theoretical reference, particularly the concept of unitary school formulated by him. The objective was to know the principles, purposes and methods of the current São Paulo school management, comparing it with what is possible to infer from what the Italian revolutionary communist formulated for the unitary school. So, the research problem was to verify which are the proximities and distances that are possible to be observed in the two investigated processes/management formulations. Through the method of bibliographic and documentary research, with a qualitative bias, texts by Gramsci and some commentators of the work he left were analyzed, as well as legislation and documents related to democratic school management, its historical development in Brazil and in the State of São Paulo. The main result achieved with the investigation was to verify that the two management perspectives investigated do not match, since the proposal by Gramsci aims at the emancipation of educational subjects and the one implemented in the State of São Paulo tries to adapt them to the needs of the social class. dominant from an economic and ethical and political point of view.