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Caracterização de pontos de quebras de DNA e rearranjos cromossômicos no gênero Harttia (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-04) Deon, Geize Aparecida; Vicari, Marcelo Ricardo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9824170107078686; Moreira Filho, Orlando; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3927076022470557; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2695834324838676
Harttia genus comprises a fish group widely distributed in hydrographic basins of South America. In the cytogenetic point of view, present large karyotypic variation, including an extensive variation in position of ribosomal DNA, B chromosome presence and diversified sex chromosome systems. It is proposed the occurrence of chromosomal instability sites present on the genome of this species could lead the DNA double strand breaks, which trigger these chromosomal rearrangements. Thus, this work aimed to analyze rearrangements and the chromosome involved on karyotypic differentiation in Harttia species, as well the accumulation of repetitive sequence in these regions. Ten species were collected in different hydrographic basins of south, southeast and middlewest regions, including two new not described species. Firstly, classical, and molecular cytogenetic tools were used, including in situ hybridization of ribosomal genes and telomeric sequences, in addition to comparative genomic hybridization essays. The results reveal two new cases occurrence of multiple sex chromosome XX/XY1Y2, besides of new not described species with the highest diploid number founded in the genus. In the investigation of chromosomal rearrangements, was used the microdissection and whole chromosome painting techniques. Were isolated six different chromosomes: 25 (X1) and 26 (X2) from H. punctata, 9 and X (pair 1) chromosome from H. carvalhoi, X chromosome (pair 1) from H. intermontana and chromosome 1 from H. torrenticola. The chromosome painting results using the X1 and X2 probes indicated several chromosomal rearrangements occurred during the diversification of Harttia species from south and southeast regions. With these results, was possible detect that chromosomal breakpoint regions are located inside or surrounding the ribosomal DNA sites in Harttia genome, and these sites triggered several events of chromosomal remodeling. The chromosome painting results obtained with X chromosome probes and chromosome 9 of H. carvalhoi showed that fusion centric events were responsible for the origin of these chromosomes and for decrease in diploid number variation in this lineage. The chromosome 1 of H. torrenticola demonstrated high homeology to chromosome X of H. carvalhoi. Although with similar morphology, the X chromosome of H. intermontana arise from a translocation event between X and autosome (chromosome 9 of H. carvalhoi) besides the identification of other chromosomal rearrangements that triggered the repositioning of homeology blocks on the karyotype of this species. Furthermore, demonstrated two different types of multiple sex chromosome systems founded in the genus, had independent evolutive origin. About the investigation of repetitive sequences associated with this instability regions, were mapped microsatellite sequences and analyzed regarding to the accumulation in chromosomal rearrangements occurred regions. It was observed an enrichment of different sequences in double strand break region. Although a genomic characterization can be necessary to identify the instable sites, the results obtained point to double strand breakpoints in Harttia genome and reaffirm the high karyotypic plasticity in the genus.
Deficiência intelectual e sexualidade: a violência sexual em foco
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-04) Mendes, Marlon Jose Gavlik; Denari, Fátima Elisabeth; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5575213011914394v; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2555831401770563
Sex, sexuality and disability are complex phenomena, present in everyone's lives, but manifesting themselves in different ways. These phenomena are permeated by knowledge and powers and can motivate episodes of aggression. Sexual violence is any sexual act that involves coercion, intimidation, threats or blackmail, and is carried out without the consent of the other person. Sexual exploitation is the forced involvement of minors in situations of prostitution or forced marriage. There is a high incidence of this violence today, especially among female adolescents, however there are few studies that investigate this violence aimed at people with disabilities. This gap in Brazilian scientific production prompts questions to Brazilian researchers and unfolds in research possibilities, such as the vulnerability of people with disabilities to situations of sexual violence and their knowledge about violence, sex and sexuality. Thus, the general objective of this research was to investigate the vulnerability of young people with intellectual disabilities in the face of situations of sexual violence and to identify the knowledge of these young people and their guardians and teachers about sexuality, sex, sexual violence and its prevention. Quali-quantitative methods of data collection and analysis were used. Initially, the “What if – Situations test” instrument was applied to nine young people diagnosed with intellectual disabilities residing in the interior of the state of São Paulo to investigate their vulnerability to situations of sexual violence. Semi structured interviews were also carried out with these young people, their guardians and their teachers, addressing topics about sex, sexuality, sex education and protection from sexual violence. The collected data were systematized and analyzed qualitatively using genealogy under a Foucaultian understanding. The results showed that young women demonstrate considerable vulnerability to sexual violence, with difficulties in recognizing situations that indicate danger and in acting in the face of these situations. Their responses to situations of danger were permeated by social constructions of gender, approaching socially required performances of the male and female gender. The speeches of the guardians circulated about the overprotection of their children, constituting a system of surveillance and control of the body, and in infantilizing and asexual notions of disability. The teachers also noticed these speeches by the guardians, and they try to do orienting work with the students, however their performance is permeated by the control and surveillance of the body and by the hypersexualizing discourses of disability. Both teachers and guardians say they do not work on preventing violence with young people, giving vague and not very assertive guidelines on sexual violence. The intersection between the studies of sexuality, violence and disability is an unexplored field, however rich in contributions to professional practice and to the fight against violence. It is hoped that this thesis has contributed to these questions.
Polynomial Weingarten surfaces of tubular type
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-04) Silva, Fernando Gasparotto da; Barreto, Alexandre Paiva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3369766702725474; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3794617946389521
This work seeks to contribute to the classification of Weingarten surfaces. More precisely, it fully classifies three families of surfaces (named tubular, cyclic and canal surfaces) in a tridimensional space form (Euclidean, Lorentzian and Hyperbolic spaces) that verify an arbitrary polynomial relation among its Gaussian and mean curvatures. The results obtained provide geometric features of the surface as well as algebraic conditions over the polynomial that defines a surface as Weingarten. Furthermore, results that allow us to investigate Weingarten surfaces only by the polynomial analysis are presented.
Métricas e métodos para aprimoramento da produção sustentável: uma pesquisa-ação na indústria de materiais de fricção
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-04) Batista Junior, Orlando Henrique; Mendes, Juliana Veiga; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5692633697407656; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4806883715811819
The concern of international bodies regarding sustainable consumption and production is growing due to the environmental impacts caused by humanity, and the constant governance of production processes is extremely important. In this context, this work proposes a sustainability indicator for monitoring and directions for the mitigation of environmental impacts caused in the production of friction materials, an industry highly harmful to the environment. For this, a research divided into four phases was carried out, in the first, a systematic review of the literature in international databases covering 1,573 articles. In the second phase, based on a deep content analysis, it was observed that the existing indicators, although they have general similarities, such as the evaluation of social, environmental and economic factors, lack external validity due to the singularities of the industries. indicator adapted to the industry studied. In the third phase, using the action research method for the application and practical validation of the indicator developed, identifying the critical points of the object of study. After applying operational research techniques and statistical analysis, according to phase four, important results were achieved, such as the reuse of 240 tons per year of materials previously considered waste, in addition, the decrease in the rate of harmful materials used in products fell from 24 .2% to 17.41%. In this way, the present work contributes to the refinement of the theory and the practical validation of sustainable metrics in the specific context of the friction materials industry, bringing to this context a tool for directing the improvement of this environmentally harmful industry.
Uso de materiais refratários recuperados em concretos para canais de corrida
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-04) Gomes, Pedro Henrique; Pandolfelli, Victor Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369376873984839; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9194585057005525
In order to achieve a sustainable production, in a sector where the demand for natural raw materials is very high worldwide, this project aimed to explore the feasibility of increasing the addition of recovered materials in castable refractory for application in main runners, as well as exploring the addition of a recovered material previously not used for this application, in order to reuse diversified refractory waste and save raw materials. The work focused on investigating the impact of increasing the addition of torpedo car chamotte (Al2O3-SiC-C) to 10%, as well as analyzing the addition of 10% of a new material: AZS chamotte (Al2O3-ZrO2-SiO2), to Al2O3-SiC- C based castable. This refractory is widely used in main runners due to its good properties of resistance to carbon oxidation, thermal shock, but mainly, resistance to pig iron and slag attack. Therefore, studies and packing adjustments were performed using the EMMA (Elkem Materials Mixture Analyzer) software, with the goal of obtain a higher efficiency in the replacement of the original raw materials of the castable, by the material to be reused, in order to obtain an adequate accommodation of the particles and, consequently, a packing as close as possible to the original castable. Thus, it was sought to obtain apparent porosity levels similar, or even lower than those of the original castable, in order to obtain adequate properties of mechanical strength, corrosion and oxidation resistance. Besides the packing study, used as an initial tool, an analysis of the castable raw materials was also performed, using data analysis in Python, aiming to optimize the flow properties of the material with the addition of the recovered materials. Thus, the influences caused in the properties of castable refractory, due to the addition of these recovered materials and the changes that were necessary during the packing adjustments were investigated. Even with the increased content of recovered materials, it was possible to obtain high fluidity, reduced apparent porosity, reduced carbono oxidation of the material, as well as wear to the attack of pig iron and slag close to those obtained with the original castable.
Um estudo da RAPS local a partir dos itinerários terapêuticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-04) Santos, Lívia Ranier Gusman Galdino dos; Fioroni, Luciana Nogueira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8086810053892035; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2311-7848; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1931040081322613
herapeutic itineraries seek to analyze the individual and collective resources that an individual uses to seek answers to their health problems. Therefore, having knowledge about the therapeutic itineraries of a population can be very beneficial in understanding how the health network in that territory is functioning and what its weaknesses are. Thus, the present study falls within the field of qualitative approaches, with the objective of investigating and describing ways of (dis)articulation of the Psychosocial Care Network (RAPS) of São Carlos - SP, based on the therapeutic itineraries of users of this network . To this end, data collection and production was done online through semi-structured interviews. One user from each Psychosocial Care Center (CAPS) in the city participated in the study: a CAPS for alcohol and drugs, a CAPS II and a CAPS for children and youth, their respective companions and professionals, totaling eight participants. The interview data were processed based on the thematic content analysis technique, allowing the production of analytical categories linked to each other. The main results show that there is a gap between the RAPS points, with little articulation of shared care, especially in relation to basic care and with a vacuum in the care of children and adolescents; there are difficulties for CAPS in elaborating and developing care in the psychosocial model, especially in acute situations of psychological suffering, when the local RAPS uses asylum strategies such as hospitalizations and excessive medicalization. As possible responses to these difficulties encountered, we have the training of professionals, the strengthening of continuing education, the presence of managers engaged with mental health, care for workers' mental health and actions that encourage the participation of civil society.
Ecologia Humana e Etnoecologia: memórias, saberes e fazeres na voz de três mulheres ribeirinhas no Lago Amanã - AM
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-04) Moraes, Suzana Maria; Prado, Helbert Medeiros; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7266995448306223; Franco, Fernando Silveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3218633711361955; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1324352537038389
Memory, knowledge, and practices related to the human ecology of riverine populations in the Amanã Lake (AM) are treated in this study from a women's perspective. The work also presents and discusses aspects of women’s ecological knowledge, as well the woman's role in the productive activities in the household economy scale. Historical fragments about the region are also presented, bringing to light aspects of the past way of life of its population. It was carried out 22-days fieldwork among riverine communities in the Amanã Lake. The study makes use of an ethnographic approach, with the application of informal and semi-structured interviews, as well participant observation in the field. Boa Esperança, Boa Vista do Calafate, Santa Luzia, and Ubim were visited during the research. Six women, between 27 and 75 years old were interviewed, but only three of them were selected to be included in this monograph, based on their biographies and oral history contents. The interviewers’ narratives show elements of women's human ecology in an Amazonian riverine context, at the same time that reveal women's perception and knowledge about ecology, landscape, history, environmental changes, among other related topics.
Terapia Ocupacional: controversias y debates circulantes en América del Sur entre 2010-2018
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-04) Leiva, Mónica Matilde Díaz; Soto, Pablo Cottet; Malfitano, Ana Paula Serrata; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1462870858750395; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8928348244937663
El objetivo de esta investigación es presentar siete debates y asuntos en controversia que se despliegan en Argentina, Brasil, Colombia y Chile, durante el periodo 2010-2018. Estos países tienen una participación activa en los debates dentro de la región, cuentan con los programas más antiguos de la región, tienen un número mayor de terapeutas ocupacionales, existe una mayor institucionalización académica tanto en el pregrado como postgrado y hacen circular revistas de terapia ocupacional de larga data y libros sobre terapias ocupacionales con autorías colectivas nacionales y transnacionales. El abordaje metodológico de la investigación es de tipo cualitativo con un enfoque de análisis social del discurso, se utilizó el mapeo de controversias a través de la revisión y análisis documental. Es posible identificar dos grupos de debates: en el primero se encuentran aquellos que discuten las prácticas de las terapias ocupacionales en torno a lo social, en torno a las comunidades y los territorios, en torno a género y feminismos y en torno a América Latina y el sur. En el segundo grupo de debates, se encuentran las prácticas de las terapias ocupacionales en torno a los derechos humanos, en torno a los saberes y la producción de conocimientos y en torno a lo crítico. Es posible concluir que existen controversias que expresan diferentes modos de actuar y concebir el mundo, cada uno condensa experiencias del vivir cotidiano desde el cual se van hilando formas plurales e inacabadas de hacer terapia ocupacional. Las controversias que emergen dan riqueza y heterogeneidad a la profesión/disciplina, permiten tensionar las asimetrías de poder y la relevancia política de las prácticas que se producen desde América Latina.