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Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde e sarcopenia em idosos da comunidade: fatores associados e comparação com o contexto pandêmico da covid-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-05) Camargo, Guilherme Gasparini; Orlandi, Fabiana de Souza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7395879552721664; Pavarini, Sofia Cristina Iost; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1983620301963081; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8049479439487907
Sarcopenic older adults are at greater risk of falls, hospitalization, death, diminished functional and cognitive capacity and a poorer quality of life compared to non-sarcopenic older adults. The aims of the present study were to analyze factors associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL – total and domains) in community-dwelling sarcopenic older adults and determine possible differences in the perception of HRQoL among these individuals before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Two studies were developed. The first involved data from a previous study with 54 and 117 older adults with and without sarcopenia, respectively, according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2. The Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) was used to assess quality of life. Comparative and linear regression analyses were performed. Differences between groups were found regarding health conditions and the perception of HRQoL, with worse outcomes among sarcopenic older adults. Perceived HRQoL was poorer in the sarcopenic group compared to the non-sarcopenic group in the following SF-36 dimensions: physical functioning (<0.001), physical role functioning (<0.029), general health state (p<0.001), vitality (<0.011) and social role functioning (p<0.001). All models related to HRQoL in sarcopenic older adults were statistically significant, with the best prediction related to physical functioning (83.3%). The factors associated with low HRQoL were being married (p<0.001), being widowed (p<0.022), depressive symptoms (p<0.007), anxiety/depression (p<0.005) and pain (p<0.009) in the general health state domain; nutritional status (p<0.045) in the social role domain; and depressive symptoms (p<0.005) in the mental health domain. The second study compared the HRQoL of sarcopenic older adults before and during the COVID-19 pandemic using the Sarcopenic Quality of Life (SarQoL®) scale. For the pre-pandemic period, a databank was used with information collected at the homes of the older adults. During the pandemic, the same individuals were interviewed by telephone. Interviews lasted an average of 15 minutes. Half of the older adults felt vulnerable to contamination by SARS-CoV-2 (p<0.001), felt some or considerable fear (p<0.013), a minority felt isolated and a reduction occurred in activities of daily living (p<0.001). No differences were found in the comparison of the pre-pandemic and pandemic period regarding the perception of overall HRQoL or any of the dimensions, with the exceptions of locomotion (p = 0.013) and body composition (p = 0.005). In conclusion, older adults with sarcopenia had poorer HRQoL in all domains of the SF-36 compared to the non-sarcopenic group, except for the bodily pain, emotional role functioning and mental health domains. Being married, being widowed and having depressive symptoms, anxiety and pain were associated with poorer HRQoL in the general health state domain, nutritional status was associated with the outcome in the social role domain and depressive symptoms were associated in the mental health domain. Unlike what was expected, no differences were found for the majority of HRQoL domains evaluated using the SarQoL® scale before and during the pandemic among sarcopenic older adults. These findings are important to the planning of care for older adults in the primary care context.
Análise física e mecânica do uso de fibra de milho como material alternativo na produção de concreto reforçado com fibras vegetais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-05) Moreira, Fabiana de Souza; Matos, Andreia Pereira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6155202940087696; Gazzola, Jonathan; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0159433721761670; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5820898308911415
Sustainability has become a growing concept in contemporary society. Namely the application of alternative materials in civil construction has increased considerably, like concrete reinforced with vegetable fibers. Actually, Brazil is one of the largest grain producers in the world, which directly implies the generation of agricultural and industrial residue. It is estimated that in the 2021/2022 period of corn harvest, Brazil produced about 264 million tons of corn residues, like cornstalk that through previous treatments, provide the removal of impurities from the fibers and corroborate to increase improvements in the characteristics of resistance to cracking, impact and compression of concrete reinforced with vegetable fibers. Therefore, the present project objectived to analyze influence of the cornstalk fiber in concrete, through the specific mass and resistance to axial compression determination. For this, corn fibers has been submitted to the pull-out test to determine its critical length. Furthermore, corn fibers underwent a heat treatment in boiling to remove impurities and sugars, as well as, any residues from the harvest. The specimens has been molded with different percentages of fibers for a better spectrum of analysis, being them 0% (control), 2%, 6% and 10% and based on NBR 5738: 2003. The tests performed has been conducted based on the respective regulations: NBR 5738 and NBR 5739. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, tests of 10% composites were not performed. However, the 6% fiber specimens showed an average compressive strength of 36.5 MPa while the control 29.7 MPa. For the specific mass, the variations determined were not significant, with a slight reduction in the same with the addition of fiber. It is concluded that, fiber reinforced concrete shows great potential for application in civil construction.
Modelo de transformação de empresas de manufatura para a servitização digital
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-05) Favoretto, Camila; Oliveira, Maicon Gouvea de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7546749502855942; Mendes, Glauco Henrique de Sousa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7564259060572565; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2588486501752384
Servitization and digitalization are trends that have generated changes in manufacturing companies. From the convergence between them arises the concept of digital servitization. Digital servitization is understood as the use of digital technologies in servitization-related processes and offerings. Like servitization and digitalization, digital servitization, to varying degrees, requires reconfiguring the business models of manufacturing companies. The literature points to digital servitization as a process of organizational change that can be understood by the factors that lead to this change (context), the factors that need to be transformed (content), and how the change is processed (process). Therefore, it is relevant to understand digital servitization from a holistic perspective and to understand how it unfolds throughout its implementation. Therefore, this thesis has the general objective of developing a model that describes the transformation process of manufacturing companies towards digital servitization. For this purpose, a multi-method approach was used that brings together several research methods such as systematic literature review, research with experts, and multiple case studies. Furthermore, the thesis was organized in the form of articles, which summarize the main results achieved: (i) identification of challenges in digital transformation from the perspective of the business model; (ii) an account of how digitization fundamentally transforms manufacturing companies in their transition to services; (iii) clarification of the transformation process to digital servitization in manufacturing companies from the perspective of experts and, (iv) understanding of how the journey to digital servitization in manufacturing companies unfolds from case studies. The integration of results allows the description of the transformation process for digital servitization in manufacturing companies. In this sense, a conceptual model was proposed for the digital servitization process. In terms of theoretical contributions, this thesis contributes by (i) discussing the challenges faced by manufacturers in the search for innovation in business models through digital transformation; (ii) presenting a conceptual model and propositions capable of providing a broad view of how digitalization imposes changes in the traditional dimensions of servitization; (iii) demonstrate the factors that impact the transformation process to digital servitization and their interrelationships; (iv) reveal how the journey to digital servitization unfolds from the analysis of two cases and, (v) develop a theoretical-conceptual model for the transformation process of digital servitization. As a practical contribution, the results guide managers that can be used to guide or improve the process of implementing digital servitization in their companies.
Reparar as cores. Etnografia do cerrado junto às mulheres no sertão das veredas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-05) Lima, Jacqueline Stefanny Ferraz de; Vianna, Anna Catarina Morawska; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2245801371286766; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6360042109630956
This thesis presents an ethnography of the cerrado with the women who live in the sertão das veredas, geographically located in the northwest of Minas Gerais state (Brazil). Walking, knowing, and writing the cerrado together with the women's mexidas is the main task of this work. Its main argument follows the idea of reparar as cores [repairing the cerrado colors], an expression often used in the sertão das veredas that express the variety of forms found in the colors of the landscape. This thesis is attentive to the ordinary practice, to everyday relations among rural women and the contrasts between the poverty of development and the riqueza [wealth] in the cerrado. It is about the relation of time and the abundance that comes from the variety of collective practices of economic organization. Likewise, it focus on the nuances of the women's adherence to development projects, and the way they create difference and wealth, in contrast to the pecuniary quantification of the cerrado. It also discusses the various ways people establish prices in very particular economic transactions. Finally, it deals with the color of pigmentations that, in face of lived experiences amid the transformations of the land, the waters, the wind, the flowers, the landscape, paint an image against the secamento do tempo [the drying of time] in the cerrado.
Desenvolvimento de alimento vegetal tipo requeijão para população com alergia alimentar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-05) Oliveira, Kaio Soldá; Payão, Júlia de Melo; Oliveira, Ingrid de; Kato Junior, Edison Tutomu; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2870505840656417
Considering the increase in the number of allergy cases related to products originating from milk, it is necessary to develop products with rheological and sensory characteristics similar to conventional products, replacing animal protein with a vegetable base to include this food in the population's diet allergic. Knowing that cottage cheese is a food present in Brazilian cuisine, it is estimated that there will be demand fortheproduction of the new product. Thus, it is reported the development of a requeijão food of vegetableorigin based on manioc, which is totally free of lactose and casein. For this, three differentformulations were elaborated, and sensorial analyzes were carried out by the triangular test in order to find the closest formulation to conventional cream cheeses. Rheological analyzes were also performed using rotational rheometry, in order to achieve the characteristic fluid profile, analyzing the behavior of the shear rate curves as a function of the shear stress of the formulations. However, it was found that formulation three was the closest to commercial requeijão, both sensorially and rheologically. However, other formulation tests would be carried out to correct aspects pointed out by the panelists, such as residual cheese flavor and viscoelastic texture, which were not performed due to lack of time.
Otimização do desempenho dinâmico de um manipulador robótico planar em série com redundância no espaço das tarefas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-05) Oliveira, Gustavo Corrêa de; Fontes, João Vitor de Carvalho; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9473668144091435; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0437019052413874
Robotic manipulators are increasingly present in current industrial activities. They are used in tasks such as: painting, drilling and welding operations, material handling, etc. Although these robots are widely used, their tasks are often not performed optimally. There are different characteristics that can be used to define the optimization of a manipulator, such as manipulability, torque, energy, conditioning, among others. Task space redundancy occurs when the end-effector has more degrees of freedom than the task needs, so it is possible to optimize performance using the excess degrees of freedom. This excess of degrees of freedom defines a problem with infinite solutions for the robot joint positions. Defining these positions through an optimization process is called redundancy resolution. There are two types of resolution: local and global. The local observes the gradient of a cost function at each instant of time and decides the joint positions from that. The global one observes a cost function throughout the task execution period to define these positions. Therefore, this work aims to study a planar serial robotic manipulator using task space redundancy to optimize its dynamic performance in order to compare the different redundancy resolution methods. The local and global methods were compared with each other and with the performance of a non-redundant robotic manipulator. In addition to this analysis, the impact of other factors on the optimization of dynamic performance was studied, such as the initial orientation of the end-effector and the use of a weighting factor for gravitational forces in the dynamic equations. The manipulator implementation, simulation and optimization were done using the software MATLAB. The results obtained indicate that the resolution of the redundancy by the local method presented a better dynamic performance and that the joint optimization of the initial orientation and of the weighting factor of the gravitational forces collaborates for this.