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Otimização do desempenho dinâmico de um manipulador robótico planar em série com redundância no espaço das tarefas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-05)
Oliveira, Gustavo Corrêa de
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Fontes, João Vitor de Carvalho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9473668144091435
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0437019052413874
Robotic manipulators are increasingly present in current industrial activities. They are used in tasks such as: painting, drilling and welding operations, material handling, etc. Although these robots are widely used, their tasks are often not performed optimally. There are different characteristics that can be used to define the optimization of a manipulator, such as manipulability, torque, energy, conditioning, among others. Task space redundancy occurs when the end-effector has more degrees of freedom than the task needs, so it is possible to optimize performance using the excess degrees of freedom. This excess of degrees of freedom defines a problem with infinite solutions for the robot joint positions. Defining these positions through an optimization process is called redundancy resolution. There are two types of resolution: local and global. The local observes the gradient of a cost function at each instant of time and decides the joint positions from that. The global one observes a cost function throughout the task execution period to define these positions. Therefore, this work aims to study a planar serial robotic manipulator using task space redundancy to optimize its dynamic performance in order to compare the different redundancy resolution methods. The local and global methods were compared with each other and with the performance of a non-redundant robotic manipulator. In addition to this analysis, the impact of other factors on the optimization of dynamic performance was studied, such as the initial orientation of the end-effector and the use of a weighting factor for gravitational forces in the dynamic equations. The manipulator implementation, simulation and optimization were done using the software MATLAB. The results obtained indicate that the resolution of the redundancy by the local method presented a better dynamic performance and that the joint optimization of the initial orientation and of the weighting factor of the gravitational forces collaborates for this.
Análise física e mecânica do uso de fibra de milho como material alternativo na produção de concreto reforçado com fibras vegetais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-05)
Moreira, Fabiana de Souza
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Matos, Andreia Pereira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6155202940087696
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Gazzola, Jonathan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0159433721761670
Sustainability has become a growing concept in contemporary society. Namely the application of alternative materials in civil construction has increased considerably, like concrete reinforced with vegetable fibers. Actually, Brazil is one of the largest grain producers in the world, which directly implies the generation of agricultural and industrial residue. It is estimated that in the 2021/2022 period of corn harvest, Brazil produced about 264 million tons of corn residues, like cornstalk that through previous treatments, provide the removal of impurities from the fibers and corroborate to increase improvements in the characteristics of resistance to cracking, impact and compression of concrete reinforced with vegetable fibers. Therefore, the present project objectived to analyze influence of the cornstalk fiber in concrete, through the specific mass and resistance to axial compression determination. For this, corn fibers has been submitted to the pull-out test to determine its critical length. Furthermore, corn fibers underwent a heat treatment in boiling to remove impurities and sugars, as well as, any residues from the harvest. The specimens has been molded with different percentages of fibers for a better spectrum of analysis, being them 0% (control), 2%, 6% and 10% and based on NBR 5738: 2003. The tests performed has been conducted based on the respective regulations: NBR 5738 and NBR 5739. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, tests of 10% composites were not performed. However, the 6% fiber specimens showed an average compressive strength of 36.5 MPa while the control 29.7 MPa. For the specific mass, the variations determined were not significant, with a slight reduction in the same with the addition of fiber. It is concluded that, fiber reinforced concrete shows great potential for application in civil construction.
Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde e sarcopenia em idosos da comunidade: fatores associados e comparação com o contexto pandêmico da covid-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-05)
Camargo, Guilherme Gasparini
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Orlandi, Fabiana de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7395879552721664
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Pavarini, Sofia Cristina Iost
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1983620301963081
Sarcopenic older adults are at greater risk of falls, hospitalization, death, diminished functional and cognitive capacity and a poorer quality of life compared to non-sarcopenic older adults. The aims of the present study were to analyze factors associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL – total and domains) in community-dwelling sarcopenic older adults and determine possible differences in the perception of HRQoL among these individuals before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Two studies were developed. The first involved data from a previous study with 54 and 117 older adults with and without sarcopenia, respectively, according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2. The Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) was used to assess quality of life. Comparative and linear regression analyses were performed. Differences between groups were found regarding health conditions and the perception of HRQoL, with worse outcomes among sarcopenic older adults. Perceived HRQoL was poorer in the sarcopenic group compared to the non-sarcopenic group in the following SF-36 dimensions: physical functioning (<0.001), physical role functioning (<0.029), general health state (p<0.001), vitality (<0.011) and social role functioning (p<0.001). All models related to HRQoL in sarcopenic older adults were statistically significant, with the best prediction related to physical functioning (83.3%). The factors associated with low HRQoL were being married (p<0.001), being widowed (p<0.022), depressive symptoms (p<0.007), anxiety/depression (p<0.005) and pain (p<0.009) in the general health state domain; nutritional status (p<0.045) in the social role domain; and depressive symptoms (p<0.005) in the mental health domain. The second study compared the HRQoL of sarcopenic older adults before and during the COVID-19 pandemic using the Sarcopenic Quality of Life (SarQoL®) scale. For the pre-pandemic period, a databank was used with information collected at the homes of the older adults. During the pandemic, the same individuals were interviewed by telephone. Interviews lasted an average of 15 minutes. Half of the older adults felt vulnerable to contamination by SARS-CoV-2 (p<0.001), felt some or considerable fear (p<0.013), a minority felt isolated and a reduction occurred in activities of daily living (p<0.001). No differences were found in the comparison of the pre-pandemic and pandemic period regarding the perception of overall HRQoL or any of the dimensions, with the exceptions of locomotion (p = 0.013) and body composition (p = 0.005). In conclusion, older adults with sarcopenia had poorer HRQoL in all domains of the SF-36 compared to the non-sarcopenic group, except for the bodily pain, emotional role functioning and mental health domains. Being married, being widowed and having depressive symptoms, anxiety and pain were associated with poorer HRQoL in the general health state domain, nutritional status was associated with the outcome in the social role domain and depressive symptoms were associated in the mental health domain. Unlike what was expected, no differences were found for the majority of HRQoL domains evaluated using the SarQoL® scale before and during the pandemic among sarcopenic older adults. These findings are important to the planning of care for older adults in the primary care context.
Modelo de transformação de empresas de manufatura para a servitização digital
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-05)
Favoretto, Camila
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Oliveira, Maicon Gouvea de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7546749502855942
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Mendes, Glauco Henrique de Sousa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7564259060572565
Servitization and digitalization are trends that have generated changes in manufacturing companies. From the convergence between them arises the concept of digital servitization. Digital servitization is understood as the use of digital technologies in servitization-related processes and offerings. Like servitization and digitalization, digital servitization, to varying degrees, requires reconfiguring the business models of manufacturing companies. The literature points to digital servitization as a process of organizational change that can be understood by the factors that lead to this change (context), the factors that need to be transformed (content), and how the change is processed (process). Therefore, it is relevant to understand digital servitization from a holistic perspective and to understand how it unfolds throughout its implementation. Therefore, this thesis has the general objective of developing a model that describes the transformation process of manufacturing companies towards digital servitization. For this purpose, a multi-method approach was used that brings together several research methods such as systematic literature review, research with experts, and multiple case studies. Furthermore, the thesis was organized in the form of articles, which summarize the main results achieved: (i) identification of challenges in digital transformation from the perspective of the business model; (ii) an account of how digitization fundamentally transforms manufacturing companies in their transition to services; (iii) clarification of the transformation process to digital servitization in manufacturing companies from the perspective of experts and, (iv) understanding of how the journey to digital servitization in manufacturing companies unfolds from case studies. The integration of results allows the description of the transformation process for digital servitization in manufacturing companies. In this sense, a conceptual model was proposed for the digital servitization process. In terms of theoretical contributions, this thesis contributes by (i) discussing the challenges faced by manufacturers in the search for innovation in business models through digital transformation; (ii) presenting a conceptual model and propositions capable of providing a broad view of how digitalization imposes changes in the traditional dimensions of servitization; (iii) demonstrate the factors that impact the transformation process to digital servitization and their interrelationships; (iv) reveal how the journey to digital servitization unfolds from the analysis of two cases and, (v) develop a theoretical-conceptual model for the transformation process of digital servitization. As a practical contribution, the results guide managers that can be used to guide or improve the process of implementing digital servitization in their companies.
Desenvolvimento de alimento vegetal tipo requeijão para população com alergia alimentar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-05)
Oliveira, Kaio Soldá
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Payão, Júlia de Melo
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Oliveira, Ingrid de
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Kato Junior, Edison Tutomu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2870505840656417
Considering the increase in the number of allergy cases related to products originating from milk, it is necessary to develop products with rheological and sensory characteristics similar to conventional products, replacing animal protein with a vegetable base to include this food in the population's diet allergic. Knowing that cottage cheese is a food present in Brazilian cuisine, it is estimated that there will be demand fortheproduction of the new product. Thus, it is reported the development of a requeijão food of vegetableorigin based on manioc, which is totally free of lactose and casein. For this, three differentformulations were elaborated, and sensorial analyzes were carried out by the triangular test in order to find the closest formulation to conventional cream cheeses. Rheological analyzes were also performed using rotational rheometry, in order to achieve the characteristic fluid profile, analyzing the behavior of the shear rate curves as a function of the shear stress of the formulations. However, it was found that formulation three was the closest to commercial requeijão, both sensorially and rheologically. However, other formulation tests would be carried out to correct aspects pointed out by the panelists, such as residual cheese flavor and viscoelastic texture, which were not performed due to lack of time.
Reparar as cores. Etnografia do cerrado junto às mulheres no sertão das veredas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-05)
Lima, Jacqueline Stefanny Ferraz de
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Vianna, Anna Catarina Morawska
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2245801371286766
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6360042109630956
This thesis presents an ethnography of the cerrado with the women who live in the sertão das veredas, geographically located in the northwest of Minas Gerais state (Brazil). Walking, knowing, and writing the cerrado together with the women's mexidas is the main task of this work. Its main argument follows the idea of reparar as cores [repairing the cerrado colors], an expression often used in the sertão das veredas that express the variety of forms found in the colors of the landscape. This thesis is attentive to the ordinary practice, to everyday relations among rural women and the contrasts between the poverty of development and the riqueza [wealth] in the cerrado. It is about the relation of time and the abundance that comes from the variety of collective practices of economic organization. Likewise, it focus on the nuances of the women's adherence to development projects, and the way they create difference and wealth, in contrast to the pecuniary quantification of the cerrado. It also discusses the various ways people establish prices in very particular economic transactions. Finally, it deals with the color of pigmentations that, in face of lived experiences amid the transformations of the land, the waters, the wind, the flowers, the landscape, paint an image against the secamento do tempo [the drying of time] in the cerrado.
Criação de Blocos para conexão com banco de dados MySQL no Block-Based Integrated Platform for Embedded Systems (BIPES)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-06)
Nascimento, Wanderson Moreira
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Santos, Marilde Terezinha Prado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9826026025118073
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Aroca, Rafael Vidal
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9262228584082064
The no-code development trend, also known as no-code or low-code, has gained popularity for its ability to speed up the development process and allow people with no programming experience to create solutions in a simplified way. A solution that fits this trend is the Block based Integrated Platform for Embedded Systems (BIPES), a platform for developing embedded systems based on blocks, designed to make it easier to create electronic projects without the need for advanced knowledge in programming. With BIPES, users can create programs to control electronic devices by combining pre-programmed graphic blocks that perform specific functions, without the need to write code. The platform is compatible with several popular microcontrollers, such as ESP8266 and ESP32, and offers a user-friendly graphical interface to facilitate the creation of programs. To meet the needs of users already familiar with databases, blocks were developed for sending data from ESP32 to a MySQL database. These blocks were created to help collect analog and digital data read by the ESP32 and send this data to a MySQL database through a PHP code that communicates and processes the data. With the use of these blocks, it is possible to collect data in real time from the ESP32 and store them in a database, allowing this data to be analyzed later and used for different purposes. To validate the effectiveness of the blocks for sending data developed in BIPES, a DHT11 sensor connected to an ESP32 board was used. The sensor was used to collect temperature and humidity data from the environment, and the blocks were configured to send this data to a MySQL database. Throughout the validation process, it was possible to confirm the functionality of the blocks and the correct communication between the ESP32 and the database, allowing the collection and storage of data in real time. Block validation was an important step to ensure the reliability and efficiency of the system for sending data to MySQL databases developed at BIPES.
Priorização de áreas para instalação de usinas solares fotovoltaicas no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-06)
Dino, Bruna Renata de Melo
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Molin, Paulo Guilherme
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1529819650942373
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0943069705085602
With the development of the country, the demand for electric energy tends to grow, with estimates pointing outgrowth of more than 100% until 2025. Currently, in Brazil, one of the main sources of energy is hydroelectric power. Due to the recent climate change and water crises in the country, investing in alternative sources is necessary to avoid energy crises. One of the actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, given the agreement set in Paris, in 2017, is the increase of renewable energy. Among the sources, taking into account the potential for solar incidence in Brazil, the installation of photovoltaic solar power is an alternative that should be considered. Defining the best areas for implementing these, using environmental, technical, and economical criteria is important to optimize the use of available areas and increase energy efficiency. The main variables used in this study and their prioritization were defined from a bibliographic review. With the combination of the criteria and the processing in Geographic Information System (GIS) tools, the map of the priority areas for the installation of solar photovoltaic plants for the State of São Paulo was presented. It was identified that the north region of the state have a high degree of aptitude, while the southern region had the lowest, for the implementation of this type of business.
A política de garantia de preços mínimos (PGPM) e estoques públicos brasileiros no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19: o caso do abastecimento de arroz e seus impactos para a segurança alimentar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-06)
Oliveira, Jessica Gomes Siqueira de
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Santos, Leandro de Lima
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2750978055015275
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8413-5372
Access to food is one of the principles of food security, which is presented as one of the premises for promoting the dignity of the human person. The guarantee of food security and the human right to adequate food (DHAA) guide the policies developed by the public administration, whose aim is to promote social security. In this context, ensuring continuous food supply, guaranteeing access to food, is the main objective of the State's action mechanisms. The Minimum Price Guarantee Policy (PGPM) is one of the policies aimed at this purpose, as it works to correct market failures, promoting income for farmers and affordable food prices for consumers. However, although the State's action is regulated in this regard, there was a considerable increase in the price of basic food items during the COVID-19 pandemic established in Brazil and around the world. Among them, rice (Oryza sativa L.) stands out, whose price rise directly affected the basic diet of the poorest Brazilian population. Therefore, the objective of the present study is to investigate state action and its adequacy in guaranteeing supply and regulating product prices. To this end, information on public and private rice stocks, present in the National Supply Company (CONAB) database, was analyzed. As a result, it was possible to conclude that state management in promoting food security during the COVID-19 health crisis was unsatisfactory. Knowing the scenario of currency devaluation and the consequent increase in exports, in addition to the increase in domestic demand, it was predictable that there would be a market imbalance between supply and demand and an increase in prices. However, the amount of rice stored in public stocks proved to be deficient in relation to national production, not meeting the conditions for intervention to guarantee food security for the population.
Deficiência e violência na perspectiva de profissionais da rede de proteção e estudantes universitários
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-06)
Cruz, Lilian Pinheiro da
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D'Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2123263466935482
This dissertation is exploratory in nature and was divided into three studies. In the first study, an integrative literature review was carried out to analyze the national and international scientific production on disability and violence. For the data search the keywords disability AND violence, disability AND violence and disability AND violence were used in the electronic databases Scopus, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Web of Science and PubMed. Initially, 1953 articles were identified, and after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 21 articles were considered eligible for the final sample. Among the studies analyzed, most addressed abuse and disability in general. The data obtained indicated the vulnerability of children and adolescents with disabilities to suffer violence, discussed the risk factors mainly associated with the family environment and children's variables, and the consequences of violence. The second study describes the methodological path of elaboration of a vignette instrument (VIOLETAS - Questionnaire of vignettes on violence against children and adolescents with disability) that followed the stages of construction, based on criteria and scientific recommendations from national and international literature. The instrument aimed to analyze the attitudes of the respondents in face of situations of violence against children and adolescents with disabilities, and was assessed by five expert judges (2 from the violence area, 2 from the disability area and 1 from the law area) and considered the values of the Coefficient of Content Validity - CVC of the judges in relation to parts 1, 2, 3 and vignettes. After the suggested changes, it went through a sample of 20 participants (university students and professionals from the protection network) and after the contributions of the respondents the instrument was adapted to its final version. The third study aimed to analyze the relationship between conceptions of disability and attitudes towards situations of violence against children and adolescents with disabilities. 118 people participated in the research, 41 university students and 77 professionals from the services network (34 from education, 19 from health, 16 from social assistance, 2 from the judiciary, and 6 others). All participants answered an online form composed of the Scale Conceptions of Disability - ECD and VIOLETAS - Questionnaire of vignettes on violence against children and adolescents with disabilities. The analysis of the results indicated that: a) in general there is greater agreement on the part of students and professionals with statements of the historical cultural conception of disability, this data is discussed with the respondents' education and contact with the theme in undergraduate studies; b) most respondents pointed as the first attitude in the five vignettes "Talk to the child/adolescent with disability and/or family" such attitude is considered inappropriate by the literature, because it can cause revictimization, it is discussed that the indicated is to make the notification to the competent bodies; c) regarding the identification of violence and violations of rights, the percentages were high and/or unanimous in the identification of violence and when understood the identification of violations of rights the percentage decreased, it is discussed the inconsistency of this result because it is understood that all violence is a violation of rights, in this discussion it is also pointed out the factors that could prevent the notification of violence; and d) there were no differences in attitudes when understood each of the conceptions of disability. Finally, it is considered that the main contribution of the research was to indicate how emergent investigations in this area are, how important it is to discuss this reality and invest in professional/university training.
Determinação da relação matemática entre resistência à compressão e densidade física de um concreto alternativo em função da porcentagem de resíduo de arenito como agregado miúdo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-06)
Ramos, Luiz Miguel Faria
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Gazzola, Jonathan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0159433721761670
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3908079821093809
This research work sought to analyze the possibility of determining if there is a mathematical relationship of the strength of an alternative concrete as a function of the replacement content of fine aggregate by sandstone, based on the replacement of part of the conventional fine aggregate (sand) by sandstone. The sandstone used in this research project was from the Pirambóia geological formation and substituted part of the aggregate in percentages of 0%, 15%, 30%, and 50% in relation to the total volume of sand. The percentages of 10%, 20% and 40% could not be made due to the UFSCar laboratories being paralyzed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Tests were performed to determine physical density and axial compression, according to NBR 5739. With the test results, it was possible to determine three prediction equations for the strength behavior of sustainable concrete according to the percentage of sandstone used as fine aggregate, being these two equations of grade 1 and 2. Mathematical relationships between physical density and compressive strength were also observed. The importance of this work is due to the optimization of the use of sandstone in the concrete mixture according to its employability
Um estudo sobre os impactos de algumas medidas sanitárias na incidência e mortalidade por COVID-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07)
Paiuta, Rhayani Aparecida
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Moura, Maria Sílvia de Assis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9410151859448447
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9031681515111592
Since March 2020, Brazil, like the whole world, has been facing a major pandemic caused by COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 is a highly transmissible respiratory infection and for this reason governments around the world have taken health measures to control cases of the disease and thus stop the pandemic. The lockdown was a sanitary measure used in some cities to prevent the movement of people on the streets and thus reduce the contamination of people with the disease. In addition, after almost a year since the beginning of the pandemic, some countries have started to apply vaccines as well in order to reduce the impacts of the pandemic. Faced with the uncertainty about what would actually be effective to control the number of cases and deaths from COVID-19, researchers and people of common sense began to be interested in these sanitary measures and began to question whether the lockdown or if the start of vaccination helped to control the pandemic. In this context, this work studied the effects of lockdown and vaccination on the number of new cases and the number of deaths by COVID-19 through time series techniques. After applying the methodology, we observed that the lockdown helped to reduce cases of COVID-19 in the city of Araraquara and that vaccination impacted the reduction of cases and deaths.
Nova proposta didática para o ensino de biologia molecular na educação básica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07)
Silva, Marilia Faustino da
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Fuentes, Andrea Soares da Costa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2426157257540389
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2941672894670182
The teaching of science and biology in basic education aims to provide minimum content so that individuals can deal with new information and are able to understand, question and position themselves in the face of ethical debates arising from the development and applications in the area of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology. However, the flow of information generated is not accompanied by the dissemination of scientific information in the school environment, nor is it incorporated into teaching knowledge on a continuous basis. In addition, the teaching of Molecular Biology and its related concepts, which involve a great capacity for abstraction on the part of the students, requires the elaboration and use of specific teaching resources. In this context, this work aimed to organize, develop and implement a continuing education course offered to teachers in basic education, focusing on the teaching profile of the public network, their needs and difficulties related to the teaching of Molecular Biology. From these data, a gamified software called BIOQUEST was developed, aimed at high school students. Then, the usability of the software and the impact on the learning of concepts related to Molecular Biology were evaluated, comparing the results of a conceptual test with students who used the BIOQUEST software, and students who had contact with the concepts in the traditional way. education. Data analysis based on the use of BIOQUEST revealed that , the software can be used as a pedagogical resource with basic education students, since it presents the concepts related to Molecular Biology in a playful way, being well evaluated in relation to usability. , exploration of the game in its entirety, the relevance of the subject for learning and ease of manipulation and navigation in the game, in addition to having a positive impact on the learning of concepts.
Revisão e caracterização da avifauna descrita nos EIA-RIMAs do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07)
Frezza, Fernando Henrique Sanches
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Alexandrino, Eduardo Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8328346468875255
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Piratelli, Augusto João
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4747322084219058
The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an environmental management tool implemented in Brazil based on the National Environmental Policy (Law No. 6,938/81) to assess, predict and mitigate the impacts that will be generated on the environment by the implementation of projects . Articulated with the EIA, the Environmental Impact Studies/Environmental Impact Reports (EIA/RIMAs) aim to assess the feasibility of projects through multidisciplinary analyses, including inventories of the fauna of the affected areas. Birds represent one of the biological groups most impacted by human activities, and about 170 species are classified in some degree of threat of extinction in the state of São Paulo alone. Thus, the objectives of this study were to carry out a comprehensive review of the EIA/RIMAs used for the environmental licensing process in the state of São Paulo from 2000 to 2019 to identify and ecologically classify the bird species that appear in these documents. For this, taxonomic, ecological and morphological characteristics of the species were considered. A total of 662 taxa were recorded in 151 enterprises, the most cited being Pitangus sulphutarus (n=150; 99.34% of enterprises) and Caracara plancus (n=148; 98.01%). Species with medium environmental sensitivity predominated (n=291; 39.27%), with invertebrate feeding preference (n=331; 50%), canopy as foraging stratum (n=92; 13.90%) and forest as habitat. preferred (n=202; 30.51%). Regarding endemic species, six (0.90%) were recorded for the Cerrado domain and 126 (19.03%) for the Atlantic Forest. We found that the many bird species present in the EIA/RIMAs are sensitive to environments modified by human activities, and the EIA-RIMAs are of paramount importance for the detection and protection of these species.
Avaliação de corrosão sob tensão e corrosão-fadiga do aço API 5L X70 em solução etanólica sintética
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07)
Santos, Elielson Alves dos
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Sordi, Vitor Luiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8364164402481940
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Rovere, Carlos Alberto Della
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8141224513975606
API X70 steel has been widely used in Brazil for the manufacture of ethanol transport pipelines, however, a recognized problem in carbon steel pipes exposed to ethanol is stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and, in addition, the pipelines are subject to fuel pressure fluctuations, causing concern in relation to fatigue. The objective of this research was to evaluate the SCC and corrosion-fatigue (CF) for X70 steel exposed to a circulating synthetic ethanol solution (CSES), with a view to the microstructure/environment interaction. Quench treatment in synthetic mineral oil was developed to modification of as-received microstructure. Mechanical tests were performed to analyze susceptibility to SCC, as well as cyclic loading tests to get fatigue crack growth rates (da/dN). Results on notched specimens with as-received microstructure (RA) and heat treated as-received microstructure (HTRA) revealed a strain reduction around 58% and 37%, respectively, after slow strain rate tests in CSES. Under constant load (CL), the RA microstructure steel appears no be sensitive to SCC at stress levels below the yield strength, however, under staggered constant load (SCL) the phenomenon was observed in both types of microstructure. The presence of corrosion product in the fracture surface initiation region for RA microstructure suggests crack closure, causing alterations in the initial portion of the da/dN-ΔK curves, shifting ΔKlim to higher values. Changes in crack growth rates in the Paris-Erdogan linear region for RA microstructure, at low ΔK levels at 0.25 Hz, were identified due to SCC, as well as some crack acceleration due to corrosion-fatigue. The interaction between HTRA microstructure and ethanol solution revealed lower da/dN rates when compared to rates obtained by contact of the solution with the RA microstructure.
Um estudo sobre a provisão de consórcio com séries temporais e machine learning
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07)
Lima, Thais Maíra Gonçalves de
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Moura, Maria Sílvia de Assis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9410151859448447
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3227699549617808
The consortium sector of a particular company works by dividing its customers into groups that start and finish at the same time the payment of installments of a combined amount to obtain their own vehicle. The acquisition of this car is carried out by drawing lots that take place at any time between the payment of the installments. The provision is a capital that the company needs to maintain in the event that customers in this group withdraw from paying these installments. If, at the end of the group, the company is unable to obtain the amount it had determined, another sector of the same organization will supply the necessary with the loan that will be essential for the group. Therefore, the greater the group’s default, the greater the loan amount that the company must reimburse in the consortium. In order to find ideal models that can estimate the necessary forecast of the provision and the value of the loan over time, two of the usual time series models were used: ARIMA and Exponential Smoothing - Holt Winters, which more approached the predicted values; and a Booosting - Machine Learning application.
Alergias e intolerâncias alimentares: comportamento e perfil dos consumidores - uma revisão bibliográfica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07)
Ferrari, Beatriz Lisboa
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Meira, Kelly Cristina
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Soares, Maysa Pádua
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Kato Junior, Edison Tutomu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2870505840656417
In recent years, with industrialization, the food sector has been transforming and accompanying changes in society. Such changes are related to consumer health, which has been developing some types of food intolerances and allergies. Food allergy is the abnormal reaction of the human immune system, through the ingestion of allergenic foods. Unlike allergies, food intolerance isn’t an exaggerated reaction to organisms not related to the immune system, but due to deficiencies and or lack of digestive enzymes produced by the body. Consumers with food intolerance or allergy showed a loyalty profile due to the difficulty and trust in new foods, however, many of them showed dissatisfaction with the commercialized ones, and are willing to spend more on higher quality products, allowing the insertion of new brands in the market. In addition, the female consumer profile stood out in the surveys, being responsible for the greater commercialization of foods intended for lactose intolerant and gluten allergy, and the child consumer profile had greater evidence in foods intended for casein allergy. That said, the present study aimed to analyze the most common types of allergies and intolerances, namely lactose intolerance, cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) and gluten allergy (celiac disease), highlighting the needs of the consumer according to their consumption profile and therefore we analyze technologies applied to meet the demand for hypoallergenic foods.
Otimização topológica para obtenção de nova geometria de órtese suro podálica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07)
Furtado, Nathan Meni
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Shiki, Sidney Bruce
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0573973677787523
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8589456629873989
With the improvement in current medicine, many diseases that were once fatal are now manageable with the advances in existing treatments and surgeries, but because of the increased survival, we also have an increase in the number of people who suffer from some physical sequel. To complement the treatment, orthoses are widely used, as they are body external mechanisms that aim to support, relieve or recreate the functioning of an affected limb. The AFO (Ankle-Foot Orthosis) or suropodal orthosis is one of the orthoses currently used for victims of stroke, multiple sclerosis and among other diseases, who suffer deviation sequels related to the ankle and foot. With the increase in stroke survivors in Brazil, the demand for the orthosis, which is provided free of charge by the SUS and which still manually manufactured by physical therapists in the units, has increased. With all this problem, studies to improve the AFO orthosis are large, aiming to solve, for example, the manufacture of more comfortable and optimized models through additive manufacturing, the use of lighter and more resistant materials such as carbon fiber and creation of new optimized and customized designs for the users. All approaches find a major barrier in the complexity of biomechanics, where the efforts of a person's gait are complex and vary with each individual or type of sequel, and the traditional AFO tries to be a middle ground that serves everyone. Therefore, the present work seeks to study one of these areas in order to improve the designs and generate savings for the production of orthotics in the Brazilian health system and serving as support for further research in the area. The chosen area was the simulation of an AFO model through topological optimization, a methodology that uses an algorithm to minimize/maximize the orthosis properties, in order to obtain a new design that is lighter (less volume) and equally resistant. For this, an optimization methodology was applied in the software ABAQUS, which sought to minimize the strain energy of the orthosis while fixing the volume reduction in a percentage (70% of the original volume, for example). In total, three optimizations were simulated with a reduction of 30%, 50% and 70% of the original orthosis volume, and from the results it was possible to arrive at a new proposed design of the AFO with a reduction of 30% of the original volume, which had results of mechanical strain close to the original. The results also validate the usefulness of the proposed methodology through the software ABAQUS, which can serve as a basis for new simulations in AFO orthoses or other orthoses.
Avaliação de diferentes agentes clarificantes no fermentado de arroz para a produção de saquê
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07)
Soares de Almeida, Camila
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Kato Junior, Edison Tutomu
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2870505840656417
Rice can be used in the alcoholic fermentation process, which combines the saccharification of the grain (transformation of starch into sugar), the use of a filamentous fungus of the Aspergillus species and the reaction of transformation of sugar into alcohol by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Clarification is an operation that aims to eliminate all substances, in suspension or dissolution, existing in a liquid, to make it clear and crystalline. One of the methods used for clarification is the use of bentonite, which acts through electrostatic charges. Other alternatives are the use of gelatin, which has been widely used in the clarification of beverages for its effective precipitation of agents such as tannin, due to its ability to form insoluble complexes with proteins, and the use of carrageenan gum, which has the ability to maintain particles in suspension and electrostatic connection. Therefore, the objective of this work was to obtain an alcoholic fermented product from rice wort and to test the use of different types of clarifying agents such as bentonite clay, associated bentonite and gelatin and carrageenan gum. The results were analyzed in terms of their physicochemical characteristics, and all parameters were in accordance with current legislation for sake production. Bentonite associated with gelatin was the clarifying agent that obtained the most satisfactory result, with turbidity values of 11.2 NTU, which can be concluded that its use is viable as a clarifying agent and in the reduction of turbidity and absorbance.
Análise dos conhecimentos pedagógicos de conteúdo expressos por licenciandos em matemática participantes do PIBID
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-07)
Greco, Danilo de Souza
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Silva, João Ricardo Neves da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5821775579111920
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2103384049178648
This work presents an analysis of the pedagogical content knowledge expressed by Mathematics undergraduates, participants of the Teaching Initiation Program – PIBID. This is a documentary research, in which the data were obtained through a document produced by the undergraduates, called portfolio, containing different narratives of the formative processes experienced in the PIBID. These data were analyzed based on the theoretical framework and contributions of Shulman (1986, 1987 and 2015), regarding the Knowledge Base for Teaching (BCE) and Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK). To carry out the research, a qualitative, descriptive approach was adopted, with methodological procedures of analysis supported by the analysis of Shuman (1986). The organization of the data relied on the help of tables, through which excerpts that showed some element of knowledge of the BCE were listed, based on episodes taken from the students' portfolios. The results of this research indicate that the knowledge of the undergraduates that stood out was the pedagogical content knowledge. These results point to the need for training programs for teaching with the knowledge necessary for educational practices in the classroom, considering as an example the PIBID and the importance of other researches that advance in the context of teaching science and mathematics.