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A política de garantia de preços mínimos (PGPM) e estoques públicos brasileiros no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19: o caso do abastecimento de arroz e seus impactos para a segurança alimentar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-06) Oliveira, Jessica Gomes Siqueira de; Santos, Leandro de Lima; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2750978055015275; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8413-5372
Access to food is one of the principles of food security, which is presented as one of the premises for promoting the dignity of the human person. The guarantee of food security and the human right to adequate food (DHAA) guide the policies developed by the public administration, whose aim is to promote social security. In this context, ensuring continuous food supply, guaranteeing access to food, is the main objective of the State's action mechanisms. The Minimum Price Guarantee Policy (PGPM) is one of the policies aimed at this purpose, as it works to correct market failures, promoting income for farmers and affordable food prices for consumers. However, although the State's action is regulated in this regard, there was a considerable increase in the price of basic food items during the COVID-19 pandemic established in Brazil and around the world. Among them, rice (Oryza sativa L.) stands out, whose price rise directly affected the basic diet of the poorest Brazilian population. Therefore, the objective of the present study is to investigate state action and its adequacy in guaranteeing supply and regulating product prices. To this end, information on public and private rice stocks, present in the National Supply Company (CONAB) database, was analyzed. As a result, it was possible to conclude that state management in promoting food security during the COVID-19 health crisis was unsatisfactory. Knowing the scenario of currency devaluation and the consequent increase in exports, in addition to the increase in domestic demand, it was predictable that there would be a market imbalance between supply and demand and an increase in prices. However, the amount of rice stored in public stocks proved to be deficient in relation to national production, not meeting the conditions for intervention to guarantee food security for the population.
Priorização de áreas para instalação de usinas solares fotovoltaicas no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-06) Dino, Bruna Renata de Melo; Molin, Paulo Guilherme; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1529819650942373; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0943069705085602
With the development of the country, the demand for electric energy tends to grow, with estimates pointing outgrowth of more than 100% until 2025. Currently, in Brazil, one of the main sources of energy is hydroelectric power. Due to the recent climate change and water crises in the country, investing in alternative sources is necessary to avoid energy crises. One of the actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, given the agreement set in Paris, in 2017, is the increase of renewable energy. Among the sources, taking into account the potential for solar incidence in Brazil, the installation of photovoltaic solar power is an alternative that should be considered. Defining the best areas for implementing these, using environmental, technical, and economical criteria is important to optimize the use of available areas and increase energy efficiency. The main variables used in this study and their prioritization were defined from a bibliographic review. With the combination of the criteria and the processing in Geographic Information System (GIS) tools, the map of the priority areas for the installation of solar photovoltaic plants for the State of São Paulo was presented. It was identified that the north region of the state have a high degree of aptitude, while the southern region had the lowest, for the implementation of this type of business.
Criação de Blocos para conexão com banco de dados MySQL no Block-Based Integrated Platform for Embedded Systems (BIPES)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-06) Nascimento, Wanderson Moreira; Santos, Marilde Terezinha Prado; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9826026025118073; Aroca, Rafael Vidal; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9262228584082064
The no-code development trend, also known as no-code or low-code, has gained popularity for its ability to speed up the development process and allow people with no programming experience to create solutions in a simplified way. A solution that fits this trend is the Block based Integrated Platform for Embedded Systems (BIPES), a platform for developing embedded systems based on blocks, designed to make it easier to create electronic projects without the need for advanced knowledge in programming. With BIPES, users can create programs to control electronic devices by combining pre-programmed graphic blocks that perform specific functions, without the need to write code. The platform is compatible with several popular microcontrollers, such as ESP8266 and ESP32, and offers a user-friendly graphical interface to facilitate the creation of programs. To meet the needs of users already familiar with databases, blocks were developed for sending data from ESP32 to a MySQL database. These blocks were created to help collect analog and digital data read by the ESP32 and send this data to a MySQL database through a PHP code that communicates and processes the data. With the use of these blocks, it is possible to collect data in real time from the ESP32 and store them in a database, allowing this data to be analyzed later and used for different purposes. To validate the effectiveness of the blocks for sending data developed in BIPES, a DHT11 sensor connected to an ESP32 board was used. The sensor was used to collect temperature and humidity data from the environment, and the blocks were configured to send this data to a MySQL database. Throughout the validation process, it was possible to confirm the functionality of the blocks and the correct communication between the ESP32 and the database, allowing the collection and storage of data in real time. Block validation was an important step to ensure the reliability and efficiency of the system for sending data to MySQL databases developed at BIPES.
Deficiência e violência na perspectiva de profissionais da rede de proteção e estudantes universitários
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-06) Cruz, Lilian Pinheiro da; D'Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2123263466935482
This dissertation is exploratory in nature and was divided into three studies. In the first study, an integrative literature review was carried out to analyze the national and international scientific production on disability and violence. For the data search the keywords disability AND violence, disability AND violence and disability AND violence were used in the electronic databases Scopus, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Web of Science and PubMed. Initially, 1953 articles were identified, and after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 21 articles were considered eligible for the final sample. Among the studies analyzed, most addressed abuse and disability in general. The data obtained indicated the vulnerability of children and adolescents with disabilities to suffer violence, discussed the risk factors mainly associated with the family environment and children's variables, and the consequences of violence. The second study describes the methodological path of elaboration of a vignette instrument (VIOLETAS - Questionnaire of vignettes on violence against children and adolescents with disability) that followed the stages of construction, based on criteria and scientific recommendations from national and international literature. The instrument aimed to analyze the attitudes of the respondents in face of situations of violence against children and adolescents with disabilities, and was assessed by five expert judges (2 from the violence area, 2 from the disability area and 1 from the law area) and considered the values of the Coefficient of Content Validity - CVC of the judges in relation to parts 1, 2, 3 and vignettes. After the suggested changes, it went through a sample of 20 participants (university students and professionals from the protection network) and after the contributions of the respondents the instrument was adapted to its final version. The third study aimed to analyze the relationship between conceptions of disability and attitudes towards situations of violence against children and adolescents with disabilities. 118 people participated in the research, 41 university students and 77 professionals from the services network (34 from education, 19 from health, 16 from social assistance, 2 from the judiciary, and 6 others). All participants answered an online form composed of the Scale Conceptions of Disability - ECD and VIOLETAS - Questionnaire of vignettes on violence against children and adolescents with disabilities. The analysis of the results indicated that: a) in general there is greater agreement on the part of students and professionals with statements of the historical cultural conception of disability, this data is discussed with the respondents' education and contact with the theme in undergraduate studies; b) most respondents pointed as the first attitude in the five vignettes "Talk to the child/adolescent with disability and/or family" such attitude is considered inappropriate by the literature, because it can cause revictimization, it is discussed that the indicated is to make the notification to the competent bodies; c) regarding the identification of violence and violations of rights, the percentages were high and/or unanimous in the identification of violence and when understood the identification of violations of rights the percentage decreased, it is discussed the inconsistency of this result because it is understood that all violence is a violation of rights, in this discussion it is also pointed out the factors that could prevent the notification of violence; and d) there were no differences in attitudes when understood each of the conceptions of disability. Finally, it is considered that the main contribution of the research was to indicate how emergent investigations in this area are, how important it is to discuss this reality and invest in professional/university training.
Determinação da relação matemática entre resistência à compressão e densidade física de um concreto alternativo em função da porcentagem de resíduo de arenito como agregado miúdo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-06) Ramos, Luiz Miguel Faria; Gazzola, Jonathan; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0159433721761670; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3908079821093809
This research work sought to analyze the possibility of determining if there is a mathematical relationship of the strength of an alternative concrete as a function of the replacement content of fine aggregate by sandstone, based on the replacement of part of the conventional fine aggregate (sand) by sandstone. The sandstone used in this research project was from the Pirambóia geological formation and substituted part of the aggregate in percentages of 0%, 15%, 30%, and 50% in relation to the total volume of sand. The percentages of 10%, 20% and 40% could not be made due to the UFSCar laboratories being paralyzed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Tests were performed to determine physical density and axial compression, according to NBR 5739. With the test results, it was possible to determine three prediction equations for the strength behavior of sustainable concrete according to the percentage of sandstone used as fine aggregate, being these two equations of grade 1 and 2. Mathematical relationships between physical density and compressive strength were also observed. The importance of this work is due to the optimization of the use of sandstone in the concrete mixture according to its employability