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Matrículas de alunos com deficiência em duas universidades federais com formação inicial na área da Educação Especial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-29) Schimdt, Millena; Raiol, Josivan João Monteiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7112678419238517; Orlando, Rosimeire Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4254571422608459; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7119275635208121
Several barriers are encountered when we talk about the education of people with disabilities, especially with regard to higher education. Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) have a character focused on efficiency and production, hindering access and, mainly, the permanence and success of this public. Due to the difficulties, the performance of professionals prepared to mediate the education and interactions of these students becomes relevant and, in this regard, two universities gain notoriety: the Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM); and the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), both pioneers in the formation of professionals in the field of Special Education. Given this, it becomes relevant to have access to data on the enrollment of people with disabilities in these universities. Thus, the present work has the general objective of analyzing the admission of people with disabilities to the Federal University of Santa Maria and the Federal University of São Carlos, based on data from the 2019 Census of Higher Education, a delimited year since it was the only data available on the website of the National Institute of Educational Studies and Research Anísio Teixeira (INEP) at the time of collection. It was also sought to draw a profile of these students according to race, sex and form of admission. This is a qualitative, exploratory and documentary study. As a result, the low number of people with disabilities in both universities was visualized, as well as the inequality in the enrollment of this public in relation to race and sex. The most recurrent profile was obtained, in the first university, people with physical disabilities and, in the second, people with hearing impairment, in both cases white, male and entering through the National High School Exam (ENEM). It was concluded that the fact that these universities are a reference in the training of professionals in the area of special education, has no influence on the enrollment number of people with disabilities in both.
Sinergismo entre química e matemática: ensino de planejamento fatorial nos cursos de graduação e pós-graduação em química da UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-29) Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues; Barros, Tomas Edson; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5442017085057925; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
The main idea of this dissertation is to highlight the synergism of two sciences: chemistry and mathematics. The first part of the text is dedicated to a chemometric tool known as Design of Experiments (DoE) applied to the optimization of mixtures. The optimization of an etching process was discussed, and mixtures composed of three acids were evaluated for semicondutors surface treatment. Two strategies were assessed: (i) the use of partial derivate and (ii) the implementation of an algorithm to determine the optimal experimental condition. During the application of partial derivative, several aspects need to be analyzed to identify if the optimal point is located at the vertice, edge, or inner part of the mixture (triangle). On the other hand, the proposed algorithm employed successive approximations avoiding the application of several exception conditions as demonstrated in partial derivative strategies. The proposed algorithm creates an initial population of variables combination (v1, v2, ..., vn) and tests it in order to identify the best condition. The second part of the dissertation, it was performed a comparison between undergraduate and graduate students from chemistry courses. Both groups of students (n = 200) had classes about DoE, and two types of data were considered: (i) students’ grades obtained during the evaluations and (ii) students’ opinions about the course. This comparison was performed before and during the pandemic of Covid-19. During the pandemic period, it was prepared videos about several topics related to DoE and these videos were presented to the students using the YouTube platform. In addition, recorded synchronous meetings were also performed. The recorded material (≈ 20 hours) was watched for more than 2500 hours. Before the pandemic period, it was not observed any difference between both groups of students regarding the grades obtained. On the other hand, the students’ opinion pointed differences (p − value < 0.05): aspects about the remote classes (i) before and (ii) during the pandemic. It was observed that the graduate students are more interested and open to the strategies of remote classes than the undergraduate. Approximately 60% of the graduate students are open to hybrid classes after the pandemic. The experience with remote classes permitted to reach students from different parts of Brazil (17 states) as well, as some countries from Latin America (Argentine, Colombia, and Peru). The whole experience was very productive and gratifying, being possible to present more informative content to the students. In addition, opens perspectives for a hybrid situation pos-pandemic phase.
O fórum de educação do campo, águas e florestas da Amazônia: realidades, contradições e possibilidades na construção das políticas educacionais no período de 2014-2018
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-29) Pereira, Waldiléia do Socorro Cardoso; Bezerra Neto, Luiz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4809080593333472; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6721133491881471
The political struggle is not spontaneous act, it is a conscious task, it is a fundamental act of the working class that uderstands the relations and conditions of spoliation imposed under the rules of the capitalist system. The study/research reaffirms the marxist thesis that only working class can react against the historical social conjuncture founded on the logic that denies human emancipation. The inevitable abolition of another kind of slavery is exposed and join to combative forces, the theorizing exposes remnants of transgressions that become possible from the taking of a position and the collectivity of workers boosting their combatives impetus. The subordinate condition of education workers cause the resistance manifested in the Municipal Forums of Rural Education in Manaus. Our disaccommodation/problematization focus on the forums as a reactivity in the face of vertical educational public policies that at that moment was jettisoning to the producers of educational action their rights. The general objective was to understand, from the concrete reality, the mediations, contradictions and the possibilities of forums to rethink the founding logic of educational policies in rural schools in Manaus. The initial hypotheses indicated that the forums subverted the control of the system making the union between teachers, technicians, students, parents, community members to discuss for the fisrt time about hegemonic ideological intentions at the center of the system itself. Some central questions initially direct our reflection: would the resistance of the fact observed be a type of revolution? Do such workers, express the feasible subversion of the system in the system? What was the importance of the forums to rethink educational policies in the municipality system? Was it really a processo of critical unveiling about the political conjunture? Was there effective action and not passive participation of workers in the struggle relating to rural education? So that specific objectives proposed were: a) To identify the contradictions in the educational work that contributed to forging the collectivization of workers in the forums; b) Problematize public educational policies developed through local and national projectes and programs between 2014 and 2018; c) Discuss historical and conceptual aspectual aspects of the context and those resulting from the forums such as antagonisms and feasibility for the elaboration and execution of against hegemonic actions within the hegemonic system itself. The thesis defended here is anchored in the theoretical foundation whose base is the historical materialism which sustains the very conception of rural education whose structure is built from the contradictions in the social struggle. The purpose was a study with documental characteristics using analysis through the scientific data colletion in the reports of the forums elaborate by the municipal commitee of Rural Education at the Municipal Education Departament of Manaus.
Análise do efeito do agente crioprotetor dimetilsulfóxido (DMSO) visando melhorar a criopreservação de microalgas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-29) Borsari, Marcela Celano; Tessarolli, Leticia Piton; Lombardi, Ana Teresa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6737850858443813
Cryopreservation is a technique that adds ease of maintenance of collections and genetic preservation of strains, but it has a high failure rate and problems in the rehabilitation of strains, using cryopreservers (CPA) such as alcohols, sorbitol and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) to inhibit the formation of ice crystals inside the cells increasing the success of the protocol, even considering the toxicity of these substances. The objective of the present work was to produce an adapted protocol for the freezing of species of the genus Kirchneriella using DMSO based on the physiological response of the cells. For this, Kirchneriella lunaris was the organism chosen and the impact of different concentrations (v/v) of DMSO and exposure times on absorbance (570, 684 and 750 nm), cell density (cells/mL) and photosynthetic yield was verified. maximum. Initially, the growth curve was performed to determine the point of highest biomass concentration and cultivation time. After determining the optimal time, experiments were started to validate possible protocols, through a toxicity test in 96-well plates, monitored daily by absorbance to define the DMSO amplitude, with concentrations ranging from 0-20% of the chosen CPA. We proceeded to evaluate the growth and experiment of photosynthesis (PhytoPAM) under the effect of DMSO. The results showed that the best protocol is in the range of 5-10% (v/v) of DMSO, concentrations in which the microalgae can withstand the toxicity of the cryopreserver and can resume growth after thawing. It is concluded that the cryopreservation protocol using CPA DMSO 10% obtained better results in the freezing of strains of Kirchneriella lunaris (CCMA-UFSCar 087, 123 and 443) and in the resumption of growth. This result can be extended to other species of the genus Kirchneriella, but in this case a more in-depth study should be carried out, as possible limitations must be considered due to morphological, physiological and genetic differences that are found in different species and directly alter the cryoprotectant efficiency. DMSO during cryopreservation.
Impactos psicológicos e sociais da divulgação de imagens íntimas na adolescência: um estudo de casos múltiplos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-29) Duarte, Giovanna Maria; Pessoa, Alex Sandro Gomes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4333565964821090; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3769511979323191
Sexting is defined as a practice that includes posting, sharing or sending messages or images with a sexual content. It may include the production and sharing of videos and photos of themselves or others in a situation of nudity and/or sexual acts. Beyond the moralistic discourses, it is understood that the practice of sexting in adolescence may be associated with the initiation of sexual life. In addition, it can be a way of exploring sexual possibilities and freedom, starting relationships, strengthening intimate bonds or relating sexually. On the other hand, such a practice can constitute a potent risk factor for the subjects who practice it, especially due to the possibility of unauthorized divulgation of intimate images. Based on these observations, the objective of this project is to analyze the motivations for the practice of sexting and the social and psychological impacts of the divulgation of intimate images released without the consent of female adolescents. The research is of a qualitative nature, in a cross-sectional period, executed by a study of multiple cases. The reports were obtained on videos, in the YouTube platform, of teenagers who, voluntarily, reported their experiences when they had intimate content divulged without consent. In this way, the material shared by 8 female adolescents, who were threatened or effectively victims of the unauthorized dissemination of intimate images were analyzed. The analysis of the reports found was carried out through Content Analysis. Four different categories were created that align with the research objectives: (1) Context of the exposure; (2) Lack of support and psychosocial impacts to victims; (3) Protective factors and mobilization of coping strategies; (4) Resilience and Youth Protagonism. The main findings highlighted, therefore, how the intimate images of the adolescents were leaked and the risk factors that intensified their vulnerability after the unauthorized divulgation. In addition, the research identified people and institutions that constituted the affective-social support network for victims, helping them to overcome adverse events resulting from exposure. Furthermore, the last category analyzed how the attitude of the adolescents of voluntarily posting their videos on a platform with wide access, can be associated with processes of resilience and youth protagonism, insofar as this action was motivated in order that other adolescents do not have similar experiences. The results obtained brought important and still little explored information about the motivation of sexting and the social and psychological consequences that the leak of intimate images caused in the victims' lives. It also contributed to the understanding of risk and protection factors that victims have and opened the way for the elaboration of new research questions.
Estudo da correlação de fótons e controle óptico a partir do fenômeno da transparência eletromagneticamente induzida em cavidades para um átomo de três níveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-29) França, Gustavo Henrique de; Souza, James Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2212240621620011; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8289708225730733
The ability to produce and control single photons is one of the outstanding goals of quantum optics to pave the way towards the implementation of quantum devices. In this work, we present a theoretical study on the phenomenon of electromagnetically induced transparency combined with cavity quantum electrodynamics (CEIT) to explore the control of quantum fluctuations and photon statistics of a light beam. For this purpose, we consider a system composed of a single three-level atom in Λ configuration strongly coupled to a single quantum mode of an optical cavity. The dressed states of the system and its respective energy eigenvalues were analytically calculated through the diagonalization of the interaction hamiltonian according to the Jaynes-Cummings model. Using the formalism of the master equation for open quantum systems, we obtain the temporal evolution of the expected value of the atomic and cavity field operators, which allowed us to numerically calculate the properties of the system in the steady state, such as the transmission spectrum of the system, using different parameters. The photon statistics and the quantumness of the light emitted from the cavity were featured by calculating the equal-time second-order intensity correlation function $g^{(2)}(0)$. Additionally to the photon statistics control, which can be optically tuned via the control field intensity, with $g^{(2)}(0)$ varying from sub-Poissonian to super-Poisonian behavior, the correlation function shows two well defined sub-Poissonian regions, resulting from a single-photon and a two-photon blockade. The achievable quantum control can significantly contribute to the implementation of individual or strongly correlated photon sources or devices which attenuates or amplifies the relative intensity noise of a light beam.
Juntas de aço inoxidável super duplex UNS S32760 soldadas por fricção e mistura mecânica (FSW): microestrutura e comportamento de corrosão eletroquímica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-29) Vacchi, Guilherme dos Santos; Sordi, Vitor Luiz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8364164402481940; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7422-4881; Rovere, Carlos Alberto Della; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8141224513975606; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1534-0561; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9208208180440064; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4402-6689
In this study, the corrosion resistance of the face and root surface of an AISD UNS S32760 friction stir welded (FSW) joint using optimized parameters was investigated. Microstructural changes were evaluated by MO, SEM and XRD and mechanical properties by Vickers microhardness mapping. The determination of the degree of sensitization was carried out by DL-EPR technique, while the localized corrosion resistance were evaluated by cyclic potentiodynamic polarization in neutral pH salt medium and potentiodynamic polarization in acid medium containing chloride ions. The results showed that the base metal (MB), retreating side (RS), stir zone (SZ), advancing side (AS), and root region presented distinct and heterogeneous microstructures. FSW welding promoted an increase in the ferrite phase volume fraction and grain refinement in the RSSZ, SZ, AS-SZ, AS-TMAZ and root regions, contributing to the increase in hardness. In the RT-ZM, ZM, AV-ZTMA and root regions, metallographic analyses after electrolytic attack indicated the formation, within the ferritic matrix, of Cr-rich precipitates, which were classified as out-of-equilibrium Cr nitrides (Cr2N). From the DL-EPR test, the highest degree of sensitization was observed at RT followed by AV, root, ZM and MB, where the corroded regions corresponded with the etched regions after electrolytic testing. through polarizations tests, the MB presented the highest localized corrosion resistance to localized corrosion and no pitting formation was observed while all welded regions presented pitting after the tests, which nucleation occurred preferentially in ferrite/ferrite grain boundaries, a fact that was related to the precipitation of Cr2N. It was concluded that the microstructural changes and the precipitation of Cr2N promoted by FSW welding were responsible for the reduction in the localized corrosion resistance of the welded regions, and this degradation was more pronounced in the RT, followed by the AV, root, and ZM.
Analise dos fragmentos florestais para a seleção de áreas prioritárias para conservação no município de Indaiatuba-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-29) Carrion, Mayara de Oliveira; Martines, Marcos Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5317839291904450; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4187154428606903
The fragmentation of the Atlantic Forest represents a threat to the biodiversity characteristic of this biome. Landscape Ecology, with the help of Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing, uses spatial data to characterize the current conditions of forest fragments through measures that quantify and evaluate the landscape. The present work aimed to analyze the remnants of the municipality of Indaiatuba-SP using the metrics of area, core area and distance to the nearest neighbor, in order to generate a priority indicator for conservation as a way of subsidizing the process of decision-making concerning the planning and adoption of effective conservation measures.The mapping of the fragments was carried out by means of photointerpretation of high resolution orbital images, followed by manual vectorization at a scale of 1:3,000. A total of 887 fragments were mapped, totalizing 3,288.69 ha, which corresponds to 10.56% of the territory studied. The metrics showed that 85.46% of the fragments have up to five ha, in addition to the absence of a core area in 51.41% of the remnants, while 72.83% are within 39 meters of another patch. The analysis of the priority indicator showed only three fragments of very high relevance for conservation, due to their expressive size of area and core area, as well as their proximity to another patch. The results obtained show a high level of fragmentation and low forest cover in most of the municipality's sub-basins, reinforcing the need for the set of remnants to be the target of environmental planning actions.
Uso de biofertilizantes à base de esterco bovino para a produção de mudas de tomate
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-29) Gambarini, Caetano Pinto Coelho; Forti, Victor Augusto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5742976162363922
Tomato is one of the most consumed vegetables globally and of great importance to the Brazilian economy. The development of healthy and well-nourished seedlings is a fundamental step for the success of production and the use of natural biofertilizers can be a good alternative to reach the initial needs of the culture. The experiment aimed to evaluate the effect of different formulations of organic biofertilizers based on bovine manure on the development of tomato seedlings. For this, 3 biofertilizer formulations were prepared, a basic one without additions (1), and two enriched ones, one with horn and hooves flour, potassium sulfate and reactive natural phosphate (2) and the other with horn flour and hulls, lithotanmium algae, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, reactive rock phosphate and borax pentahydrate (3). Each of the biofertilizers was evaluated at concentrations of 10% and 20%. In addition, a treatment without fertilization was added, irrigated only with water as a control. During the seedling development, 4 evaluations were carried out, at 40, 50, 60 and 70 days after sowing (DAS), computing the total height, stem diameter and number of leaves of the seedlings. At 70 DAS, the seedlings were evaluated for fresh and dry matter. Formulation 2 at a concentration of 20% showed the best results for average plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves and the highest fresh and dry matter at 70 DAS.
Cognição e subtarefas do Timed Up and Go em idosos preservados cognitivamente, com comprometimento cognitivo leve e doença de Alzheimer: um estudo longitudinal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-29) Ferreira, Ana Carolina Gonçalves Vilarinho; Ansai, Juliana Hotta; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1028110691131464; Andrade, Larissa Pires de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7334391500340646; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5445259629568079
Background: Studies suggest that motor alterations are associated with a higher risk of developing cognitive impairment in the elderly. However, no studies were found in the literature that evaluated over time the relationship between specific cognitive domains and functional mobility, nor how functional mobility can predict changes in the cognitive diagnosis in cognitively preserved elderly people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's (AD). The Timed Up and Go (TUG) and its subtasks - getting up, walking forward, returning, walking back, and turning to sit - is a test widely used in clinical practice to assess functional mobility in the elderly and allows for the analysis of greater cognitive resources. additional organization and planning during the walk, being challenging when compared to straight-line walking tests. Aims: In this thesis two studies were developed: 1) The first aimed to assess whether the measures of functional mobility of the TUG subtasks in elderly people with different conitive profiles (cognitively preserved, MCI and AD) are related to declines in cognitive domains (attention/orientation, memory, fluency, language, visuospatial skills, and global cognitive performance) after 32 months. 2) The second study aimed to analyze whether functional mobility, assessed by the TUG and its subtasks, predicts changes in the cognitive diagnosis and compared the progression of the cognitive diagnosis of MCI, AD and cognitively preserved after 32 months. Furthermore, it analyzed whether the initial performance of the TUG and its subtasks showed similar characteristics among elderly people who worsened or not in the cognitive diagnosis. Method: The volunteers were evaluated in relation to the cognitive medical diagnosis by a specialized team. Cognitive functions were assessed by the Addebrooke Cognitive Examination – Revised (ACE-R) and Clinical Assessment of Dementia (CDR). Functional mobility was evaluated by TUG, associated with the motion capture system using the Qualisys Track Manager software at two moments: M1 (initial moment evaluated between January and September 2015 and diagnosed as cognitively preserved, MCI or AD) and M2 (after 32 months evaluated between September 2017 and May 2018).Results: These studies showed that the return subtask had a positive relationship with decline in most cognitive domains, except verbal fluency, and total scores of global cognitive functions, as assessed by ACER after 32 months. It was also observed that the initial performance in time and cadence of the TUG, the average speed in the forward gait subtask and the number of steps in the return gait were able to predict changes in the cognitive diagnosis after a period of 32 months. In addition, in this same period, most of the elderly maintained or improved the cognitive diagnosis and this same elderly had a shorter TUG time when compared to the group that had a worsening of the cognitive diagnosis. Conclusions: The cognitive impairment caused by MCI and AD can promote a decline in functional mobility not only in more advanced stages of the disease, but also in pre-dementia stages, such as MCI or mild AD stage. Therefore, a clinical assessment of functional mobility using the TUG and its subtasks can contribute to the understanding of the progress of cognitive changes in elderly people with MCI, AD and cognitively preserved. Thus, health professionals, especially physical therapists, can have a better understanding of the evolution of AD and MCI by developing care strategies to delay the progression of functional mobility and the consequent impact on the lives of these elderly people.
Diferentes comprimentos de onda e intensidades luminosas na germinação de sementes de Melocactus zehntneri (chapéu-de-frade) e desenvolvimento vegetativo de Hylocereus undatus (pitaia)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-29) Magnani, Mariana Freitas Campos; Cardoso, Jean Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3681181863704059; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3488737184219533
Melocactus zehntneri and Hylocereus undatus are cacti popularly known as Chapéu-de-Frade and Pitaia, respectively. They are cacti with great commercial potential and have great importance in the economic movement of the country. As a way to establish improvements in the production of these species, the present project aimed to determine the influence of wavelengths and light intensity on the germination of M. zehntneri seeds and on the in vitro vegetative development of H. undatus. To this end, the seeds of fenugreek hat were disinfected and sown in Petri dishes containing two layers of filter paper saturated with 5 mL of sterile deionized water. Later they were placed on different light intensities and wavelengths provided by Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamps and grown in a growth room, these in the wavelength ranges of blue, red, red + blue (3:1) and, as a control, white light. As a complementary experiment to the germination, the influence of the light deprived environment on the germination of M. zehntneri seeds was tested, being taken to the bright environment of the growth room after three periods: 10, 20 and 30 days. Pitaia was subcultured in vitro from the initial material and placed in flasks containing culture medium. Subsequently, they were randomly arranged on three different light sources: blue, red, blue + red and, as a control, white light. The effect of lights on the germination of M. zehntneri seeds influenced the development of different pigments in the seedlings. The wavelengths that had the best effect on germination were the red and white spectrum under intensity III and red + blue under intensity II, reaching 67.5%, 72.5% and 70% of germinated seeds, respectively. In the in vitro development of H. undatus, the photoresponse under the blue, red + blue and white wavelengths were the most vigorous, presenting the highest mean values for the variables analyzed. In the light deprivation experiment for three periods of time, all treatments caused the germination rate to be reduced to almost zero, even after being exposed to light, suggesting that the seeds were induced to secondary dormancy.
Produção de nanomateriais a base de carbono obtidos a partir da decomposição catalítica de metano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-29) Silva, Juliana Alves da; Suelves, Isabel; Santos, João Batista Oliveira dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0285313473901330; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9611188168972544
The natural gas reforming routes are consolidated technologies in the production of H2, however, these routes produce significant amounts of greenhouse gases and require the separation and purification of H2. The catalytic decomposition of methane (CDM) process is a promising alternative to traditional processes, as it produces COx-free H2 and carbon nanoparticles (nanotubes, carbon nanofibers or graphene-based structures) with wide applicability. To increase the competitiveness of CDM, it is necessary that the carbon produced has a high commercial value. Thus, the quality control of carbon characteristics is essential, as it is expected that carbon nanostructures free of defects and with uniform characteristics have remarkable mechanical, electronic and magnetic properties. However, the quality control of these carbon nanostructured materials is still very low by this process due to several factors that influence their production. To prepare high quality carbon nanotubes or nanofibers and, at the same time, produce H2 with a high yield, it is necessary to develop active and stable catalysts. In the present research project, catalysts based on Ni and Fe were prepared by the coprecipitation, impregnation and fusion method and tested in the decomposition of CH4. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), N2 physisorption, temperature programmed reduction (TPR), Mössbauer spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, transmission and scanning electron microscopy (TEM and SEM). The synthesis method influenced the metal-support interaction, particle size and specific surface area. The catalysts prepared by the coprecipitation and fusion method were more active during the reaction producing fishbone and bamboo carbon nanofibers on Ni and Fe catalysts, respectively. The impregnation method was inefficient in generating nanofibers, promoting the formation of short and irregular fibers. Carbon production was up to 11.8 grams of carbon per gram of iron and 1.4 grams of carbon per gram of nickel for materials prepared by the coprecipitation method. Subsequently, the functionalization of the catalysts used was performed and it was observed that there was an increase in the amount of oxygenated functional groups on the carbon surface, which expands the application and use of these materials.
Performatividades linguísticas e purismo linguístico: contribuições da sociolinguística feminista, da linguística queer e da glotopolítica para o debate acerca da linguagem inclusiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-29) Santos, Vitória Regina Mendonça dos; Míguez, Antón Castro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6829358449068280; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0592-7270; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9672424033334613
En este trabajo, a partir de una revisión bibliográfica, se presentan las contribuciones de la sociolingüística feminista, la lingüística queer y la glotopolítica para el debate acerca del lenguaje no sexista, el lenguaje inclusivo (o incluyente) y el lenguaje neutro, con el objetivo de traer algunos entendimientos de esos campos de investigación y contribuir para la proposición de perspectivas más problematizadoras (y menos esencialistas) que comprenden esas intervenciones (en/por la lengua) como performatividades lingüísticas y activismo lingüístico y también como interpelaciones a una ideología lingüística aun estructurada en la defensa del purismo lingüístico o fundamentada en ideologemas (especialmente en defensa del masculino genérico) que buscan descalificar o deslegitimar esas intervenciones.
Entre lebres e quelônios: o que se entende por editora “independente”
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-29) Silva, Ana Carolina da; Salgado, Luciana Salazar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5206927424265495
Bajo la perspectiva de la teoría de la midiología de Régis Debray (1991), analizamos nuestro objeto, la editorial paulistana Quelônio, viéndola como un mídium, siendo este representado por cualquier objeto técnico que como idea se convierte en fuerza material. Y a partir de los procesos y valores que la constituyen, identificándose como una editorial “independiente” y Bonsai, según la propuesta desarrollada por Júnior (2016). Esta categoría, presente en el trabajo del autor, representa las pequeñas editoriales o editores que no están debidamente organizadas como empresa, sino, muchas veces se presentan en colectivos o iniciativas culturales, como ferias. Discutimos la forma con la que Quelônio sensibiliza a la comunidad discursiva en la que se insiere, aunque esté ubicada en una prestigiosa región de la ciudad de São Paulo, la editorial logra ocupar tanto espacios destinados a publicaciones "independientes", como los tradicionales del mercado editorial. Los factores que nos llevan a identificarla como una editorial “independiente” son: i) la forma en que se produce; rescata técnicas manuales, creando una narrativa que va contra la agilidad de las grandes editoriales siendo estos aspectos sostenidos por la metáfora presente en su nombre; la que significa todos los grupos de especies de tortugas en el mundo; ii) la conjetura que la editorial proporciona al ocupar espacios colectivos de "resistencia"como las feiras, en oposición al mainstream (aunque no forme parte de LIBRE). Así que el objetivo de este trabajo fue comprender cuáles son las prácticas que nos llevan a señalar una iniciativa editorial como “independiente” y cómo el ser categorizado agrega mucho más valor simbólico que el significado de la palabra “independiente”.
Formação com a comunidade escolar: uma perspectiva de alfabetização e pós alfabetização no contexto da educação CTS
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-29) Nahum Júnior, Mário Sérgio; Lopes, Nataly Carvalho; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0285391776145231; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2512152073062905
In this country marked by historical and current sociocultural inequality, it is essential to develop a formative educational project that unveils this reality, that builds bridges instead of chasms and ensures access, permanence and quality in education. Thus, in face of the disastrous results obtained by the Brazilian educational system in its evaluative systems and its public policies, it becomes essential to return the school to the Brazilian people, in a formative process of reconstruction that extends beyond the school walls, reaching the heart of the school community. Therefore, our investigation sought to understand what are the potentialities and implications of the formative process facing the school community, using themes associated with the Latin American Thinking on Science, Technology and Society (PLACTS), under the conception that touches literacy and post-literacy in a critical perspective of its life context. For this, structuring ourselves in communities of practice (CoPs) and based on the thought collectives (PCs), we propose formative meetings based on the assumptions of an education in Science, Technology and Society, in the perspective of Latin American Thinking (PLACTS) and based on scientific knowledge and dialogicity between the subjects, seeking to promote literacy and post-literacy, in the perspective of a critical reading of their life context. Thus, the records were made by means of recordings of the meetings held virtually - by Google Meet - and, subsequently, the dialogues constituted the data that were transcribed for interpretation and analysis from the Textual Discourse Analysis (TDA). The analysis of the results allowed four categories to emerge: (1) "The dialogicity and egalitarian dialogue in the community of practice"; (2) "The community of practice as a collective of thought"; (3) "Literacy as a critical perspective: an education beyond the school intramurals"; (4) "The PLACTS allied with CTS education: the PLACTS education". Thus, we can conclude that the formative meetings provided an unveiling and a denuding of reality, as they promoted action and reflection, literacy and post-literacy, providing the breaking down of barriers that separated the school from its community. Therefore, with the formation of a single way of thinking, based on an egalitarian dialogue and consistent with the themes that permeate our life context, we transform not only the physical, psychic, and relational reality of the subjects, but mainly their hearts. Discussions that centered on the local and Latin American context, made possible the emergence of a new concept: PLACTS education.
A Biblioterapia e sua influência na Pandemia da COVID-19: relatos de experiências praticadas em ambiente virtual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-29) França, Maria Caroline Alves Calado; Gracioso, Luciana de Souza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4898201916360294
The context of the COVID-19 pandemic demanded a worldwide social isolation as the most effective way to mitigate the virus contagion. However, there were many psychological impacts caused by this radical change in daily life. In this context, this research seeks to answer the question: How were the library therapy practices during the COVID-19 pandemic? Its general objective was to identify and present initiatives of bibliotherapy practices in the context of the pandemic, which were developed remotely, categorizing the themes developed, within categories that represented the main or most recurrent psychic problems emerging in the pandemic period. The specific objectives were: to introduce bibliotherapy in informational studies, to present the pandemic context and its psychological unfoldings in society, to locate and analyze bibliotherapeutic practice experiences developed during the pandemic. Specifically, we will identify and analyze the activities developed by the project developed by Galeno Amorim, entitled "Library Therapy Session" promoted weekly on his Youtube channel. For the construction of the theoretical framework, bibliographic and documentary research was used. For the systematization and analysis of the initiatives of bibliotherapy practices were consulted remote documentary sources exclusively and descriptive analysis of its content.
Repositório da Literatura Digital Brasileira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-29) Rocha, Rejane Cristina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5669300635333699
Estudo do perfil do consumidor de açúcar mascavo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-29) Lotumolo, Matheus Buzo; Verruma-Bernardi, Marta Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3470912236544684; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5156461070197749
That brown sugar has a higher nutritional composition when compared to crystal and refined sugars and its consumption has increased in recent years, there was a need for a study on the consumer profile of the product. The questionnaire addressed questions about brown sugar regarding the mode and frequency of consumption, purchase, reasons that lead or not to consumption and preference according to color. For data collection, an online questionnaire made available through a link between the months of February and April 2022 was used and the results generated a spreadsheet with the percentages obtained. Of the total number of people, 228, 41.2% of respondents were men and 58.3% were women, with 92.5% from the Southeast region of Brazil. Brown sugar was purchased by 19.7% of the participants. The main form of consumption is in recipes, according to 49.6% of respondents and 26.3% to sweeten the coffee. The reason that leads to consumption for 23.2% of people is that it is a less processed food. The main reason that led them not to consume brown sugar was the price (34.2%). The factors reported when purchasing the product are price (40.8%), validity (25%) and color (24.6%). Regarding the choice of coloring of the available sugars, it was found that the preference was greater in relation to brown sugar with lighter color. It is concluded that the importance of knowing the consumer of the product, so that I can understand direct to their preference.
Trabalho na experiência de travestis e mulheres trans
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-29) Souza, Gabriela da Rocha; Scopinho, Rosemeire Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4770451465556845; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8769201583489875
In the current model of social organization, there is the dominant phenomenon called cisheteronormativity, that is, cisgenderness and heterosexuality are conceived as natural, correct, healthy and expected. In short, as the only ways to live and experience gender identity and sexual orientation. Thus, the standards of gender and sexuality that deviate from this norm are referred to processes of exclusion, discrimination and various other oppressions, in the case of the LGBTI community (lesbians, gays, bisexuals, transvestites, transsexuals and/or transgender and intersex). This occurs, above all, with people who are most at odds with gender norms, transvestites and trans women, on whom the worst rates of unemployment and violence fall. Generally, this group suffers frequent and early expulsion from the family, they are expelled directly or indirectly from school and are constantly excluded from formal job opportunities, factors that contribute to the social vulnerability they experience. The work here is understood not only as a means of material survival, but also as an activity loaded with symbolic value that is fundamental to the identity, subjective and social construction of the subjects. The main objective of this research is to understand the representations of transvestites and trans women about transphobia, especially in relation to work and the search for survival. For this, with the qualitative method, semi-structured interviews were carried out with transvestites and trans women who had professional experiences and a bibliographic survey on this topic. Through the interviews, it was possible to perceive that all of them have experiences with transphobia since childhood and their professional trajectories were often related to informality, prostitution and specific areas of the beauty market. Only one interviewee had significant experiences with formal employability. As much as brazilian society has advanced in guaranteeing some rights for the LGBTI+ community, transvestites and trans women are still the most vulnerable in this group, since they face prejudice on a daily basis and are targets of violence in different areas of social life.
Expressões de resiliência oculta em adolescentes vítimas de exploração sexual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-04-29) Moreno, Carolina Serrati; Pessoa, Alex Sandro Gomes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4333565964821090; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8406069129648155
Given the complexity of the phenomenon of sexual exploitation of children and adolescents, it is important that the different sciences engage in confronting and understanding the mechanisms that support the perpetuation of this practice. Similarly, investment by the scientific community is deemed necessary in relation to the identification of protective factors and resilience processes present in the lives of victims subjected to the exploitative and degrading market of the sex industry. This research started from the hypothesis that adolescents in situations of sexual exploitation, because they do not access efficient programs and because they come from extremely adverse contexts, may resort to sexual exploitation as a strategy to ensure mental health and personal positivity. In other words, because they are in a condition of subordination and social abandonment, they extract social and psychological resources from sexual exploitation to trigger unconventional resilience processes. Based on these arguments, the general objective of this study was to verify the manifestation of processes of hidden resilience with adolescents with a history of involvement in situations of sexual exploitation. The research was qualitative, in a transversal period and from the multiple case study modality. The fieldwork was carried out with two female adolescents who were victims of sexual exploitation, as well as two professionals who attended to them in medium and high complexity services of the Unified Social Assistance System (SUAS). Two semi-structured interview scripts were used. All dialogues that emerged in the field work were recorded on a digital device and subsequently submitted to the transcription process in full. Data interpretation took place through content analysis. The data obtained were divided into four categories, namely: Relationship with the Mother”, “Affective-Sexual Dimension and Corporeality”, “Substance Abuse and Chemical Dependence” and “Repercussions of Sexual Exploitation and Social Vulnerability on Mental Health”. Such categories refuted the initial hypotheses of the investigation. In summary, it was not evidenced in the data that the adolescents extracted resources that favored development from sexual exploitation. On the contrary, the research revealed exposure to numerous risk factors associated with sexual exploitation, and their recruitment into this exploratory network intensified the participants' vulnerability and, in a way, affected the adolescents' mental health. This report presents the main implications of the empirical study, describes the limitations and points to new investigative questions that may arise from the present study.