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A luta camponesa contada através da memória dos assentados do Lote Mãe Terra - Assentamento Horto Bela Vista em Iperó/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-08)
Souza, Leticia Lauane de
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Mariano, Neusa de Fátima
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8472989391950981
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5003743301847104
La lucha por la tierra es inherente la formación del territorio brasileño y el campesinado siendo uno de los representantes de esta lucha todos los días no podia dejar de se acerco. La clase campesina que tiene una moral para el trato con la tierra y que cree en el respeto a la naturaleza para construir sus relaciones, tiene memorias muy ricas que expresan resistencias en la construcción de sus territorios y territorialidades. De esta forma, pensar las memorias como factor de resistencia en la lucha campesina por el acceso a la tierra es dar voz a los grupos silenciados, valorando sus trayectorias en la construcción de sus territorios y territorialidad. Intentamos mostrar que las memorias pueden ser utilizadas en discusiones de Geografía y que la cuestión agraria en Brasil tiene mucho para ser discutido en diferentes perspectivas.
Rotas digitalizadas: autonomia e controle no trabalho de entregadores por aplicativos em Araraquara - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-08)
Jacobsem, Bruno Portari
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Lima, Jacob Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9244132532446607
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9818262611142270
The insertion of digital technologies in business models in the last decades allowed the advance of the platformization process of several activities, granting new arrangements to the ambiguous relations between autonomy and control of work. Such is the case of delivery app workers – occupation that has been growing in Brazil since 2015 alongside the spread of "technology companies" mediating delivery services. Whereas control – now executed by diffuse and unknowable algorithms – appears to subsume to the possibilities of agency propounded by companies, autonomy is attached to the generalization of the entrepreneurial discourse and – formally magnified – it masks relations of subordination which may become evident throughout daily experiences of these workers distanced from a regulatory perspective of work. The objective of this dissertation was to characterize the relationship between both dimensions – autonomy and control – amidst working conditions of delivery app workers. The research was conducted with workers of this segment on four different platforms operating in the city of Araraquara (SP), whose reports allowed us to situate the reality of an autonomous "riding" life into the current context of exploitation and subordination of labor to capital.
Valorização da lignina - um panorama geral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-08)
Bonatti, Érika
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Sitta, Elton
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4326476348284298
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4977333455603955
The urge to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, combined with the severe damage to the environment, such as the increase in the average world’s temperature, lead to incentives for research aimed at sustainable development. Consequently, the discussion about the transition from fossil resources to renewable raw materials and energy has become increasingly popular. Among the possible renewable sources, biomass has been gaining more and more prominence in recent years, due to its abundance and energy potential to replace petroleum derivatives. In particular, lignocellulosic biomass has advantages associated with the non-competition with the food sector, as well as opportunities for economic development and minimization of waste in agricultural areas. For this reason, lignocellulosic biomass has become the target for further studies and research. In this sense, although many advances have been made in terms of the valorization of cellulose and hemicellulose, the valorization of lignin is still a great challenge for researchers, due to its structural complexity and variable composition. The present work aims to highlight the state of the art in terms of fractionation, depolymerization and lignin valorization processes and the main renewable products that can be obtained through the improvement of the current conversion technologies.
Casa de tèranga: nomeações e materialidades da migração transnacional entre Senegal e Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-11)
Santos, Frederico Santos dos
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Dulley, Iracema Hilário
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3004789177515766
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6481258231132929
The Senegalese present on the streets of the city of Passo Fundo (RS/Brazil) have called my attention since 2010, when I joined the University of Passo Fundo as a professor. By attending Sunday muslim meetings, I realized the challenges of these displacements in living long years away from my family. The argument that I develop in this thesis is that the Senegalese family is constituted in the displacements of the subjects, from the materialities of the relationships and naming processes, in the tangle of places inhabited in their settlements, in which the tèranga (which can be translated as hospitality and honor) is a fundamental element, more than the house as a physical space. The field research was developed as a multi-sited ethnography, having two territories as a starting point, Passo Fundo (RS/Brazil) and Dakar (Senegal), but it was not restricted to them. In Brazil, it was carried out from Passo Fundo, accompanying the Senegalese in Porto Alegre and São Paulo (from January to August 2019), and in Senegal (from September 2019 to March 2020), departing from Dakar, traveling across 9 cities. Ethnography continued as a mesh, from the notion revisited by Ingold in the reticular trails left by the Senegalese as they follow their life in the keur (house), in their places of settlement, with multiple entanglements, with apparent permanence and solidity, in an ecceity experienced in the panoramas and transitions taken by the inhabitants.
Aplicação do combustível derivado de resíduos (CDR) para otimizar o uso da palha de cana e casca de eucalipto como fonte de energia térmica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-11)
Gundim, Robmilson Simões
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Nakashima, Gabriela Tami
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6568518277464223
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Yamaji, Fábio Minoru
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4787449634914831
Refuse derived fuel (RDF), characterized as part of municipal solid waste (MSW), is the leftover from the recycling process of waste not yet disposed of in landfills. The cement industry already uses RDF in natura as part of an alternative source of fuel to reduce CO2 emissions. The objective was to investigate the production of mixtures, through agglutination and/or extrusion of RDF with sugarcane straw and RDF with eucalyptus bark to optimize their energy use. Seven flakes-type treatments were produced through the extrusion process (granules of mixtures of RDF with undefined biomasses and formats): T1 (100% RDF), T2 (90% RDF and 10% bark), T3 (75% RDF and 25% bark), T4 (50% RDF and 50% bark), T5 (90% RDF and 10% straw), T6 (75% RDF and 25% straw) and T7 (50% RDF and 50% straw) and six pieces-like treatments (compacted material from mixtures of RDF with undefined biomass and formats), following the same proportions (from T2 to T7). The results showed that the density of the treatment produced in flakes format (RDF with straw) was approximately 10 times greater than RDF (in natura). The moisture of the flakes treatment (RDF with bark), compared to the bark, achieved a reduction of 83%. The higher heating value (HHV) of the treatment (RDF with bark) was 30% higher than the bark. The results indicated the real possibility of producing mixtures between RDF and biomass, by extrusion process. The result is a better quality solid fuel: more homogeneous, lower humidity, higher HHV and easier storage and handling.
Avaliação de um programa de ensino de habilidades de brincar para crianças com TEA aplicados por mães durante o período de isolamento social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-12)
Biazim, Miriana de Araujo
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Domeniconi, Camila
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9684535663947328
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0486-3543
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1220697919630931
Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social communication and restricted interests. Parental training is being a possibility to teach parents about the concepts in Applied Behavior Analysis, expanding the learning opportunities of new behaviors of children. This study aimed to verify whether a procedure for teaching behavioral skills with three mothers would be enough to increase the number of opportunities to play with their daughters with autism and, therefore, increase the number of children's independent responses in games and games. The mothers were taught using three different Teaching Procedures: Video Modeling, Family Guidance and Immediate Feedback. Three dyads were selected, which were included in a Telehealth Program in ABA. The dependent variable measured was the mothers' behavior when playing with their daughters. Playing behavior was operationalized in: selecting the appropriate objects for playing, ensuring the conditions of a favorable environment with a minimum of distractors during the teaching phase, guaranteeing instructional control, that is, the direction and control of mothers through instructions, increase eye contact as a way to increase social engagement and increase shift changes during play proposals. Social engagement in this research was defined as the modification of the mother's facial expression due to the game and the choice of reinforcers. The independent variable was the teaching implemented to teach mothers new behaviors aimed at expanding the repertoire of playing with their daughters. The results achieved their initial objectives and it is possible to observe the expansion of play arrangements between mothers and their daughters through the learning of new behaviors.
Semeadura direta na restauração em floresta tropical úmida na Colômbia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-13)
Marin Paladines, Harvey
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Piña-Rodrigues, Fatima Conceição Márquez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1475369713141675
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7954420319561534
Faced with the challenges of ecological restoration, the study of techniques that can be used on a large scale, with cost reduction and efficiency of results, direct sowing has shown success in several places, requiring improvement of the methodology and, mainly, selection of species. suitable for use at the beginning of the restoration implementation. Thus, our objectives were to identify forest species with aptitude for direct seeding as well as to analyze survival and development, according to their performance in the variables studied in order to classify the species based on their probability of success and potential for direct seeding. In an area of 768 m2 in the municipality of Popayán – Cauca, Colombia, direct sowing was implemented, in a row system, using manual sowing in a row, compared to manual sowing by hauling in soil prepared by harrowing where 17 forest species of different families and sizes were used. with a density of 250,000 seeds.ha-1. Emergence was monitored for 450 days at different intervals and all individuals were identified and marked in 64 plots of 3m x 2m. Height (H) and diameter at neck height (DAC) were counted and measured for all seedlings. Potential classes were established based on their growth (H, DAC), germinability, emergence and probability of success. 94.12% (16 species) emerged with 5 to 240 individuals, and 1024 survivors after 450 days (13,333 plants.ha-1). Germinability (Gd) and survival rate (S) were significant predictors of Probability of Success (PBS) in the linear regression model built, there was a tendency to increase Probability of success with increasing Germinability (Gd) and survival rate (S). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed that the first two components were responsible for 77.4% of the total variance of the data set; additionally, a strong correlation was observed between the variables PBS (Probability of success), Gd (Germinability), survival (S) with the large and medium sizes of seeds regardless of the ecological group. It can be concluded that the non-pioneer species, Inga densiflora, Quercus. humboldtii and Jacaranda caucana; as well as the pioneer species Delostoma integrifolium and Heliocarpus americanus showed the best aptitude and at the same time correlation with the variables Probability of success, Germinability, survival, Emergence and growth in height and diameter.
Os impactos dos cuidados parentais e familiares na carreira acadêmica de docentes: um survey na Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-13)
Postigo, Isabelli Carolina Sampaio
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Rigolin, Camila Carneiro Dias
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2388584081961836
This undergraduate final project intent to analyze the impact of the parental and familiar care in the career and personal life of teachers from three different departments from Federal University of São Carlos: Occupational Therapy, Information Science and Electrical Engineering. For that, a quiz will be applied in the survey mode, with closed questions. The theoretical reference is based on woman’s scientific works, such as Adriana Maria Tonini, Elizabeth Bortolaia Silva e Maria Teresa Citeli, bringing their production and theories to light. Also, it covers specially researches about gender and science produced in the scope of Science and Technology. To the data collect with the theachers, it has been delivered a quiz, in the survey mode, with mostly seal questions, related with parental care, domestic work, academical activities and scientific production of those people. The results indicate that woman had increase their domestic work, in addition to be the main responsible for caring home.
Avaliação de estimativas populacionais com dados de luz noturna VIIRS DNB
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-13)
Xavier, Rana Barbara Silveira
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Bourscheidt, Vandoir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8224261649535795
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4643874881839526
The population projections of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) serve as a basis for urban studies, planning and monitoring. In this sense it is essential that they get as close as possible to reality, which is constantly undergoing changes. For this, periodic reviews of the methods used to maintain data quality are necessary. On the other hand, these constant urban changes highlight the need for new data sources in addition to conventional population projections, and nighttime remote sensing demonstrates the potential to meet this demand. Using the Visible Infrared/ Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Day/Night Band (DNB) instrument operated by NASA's Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) program, it is possible to use the product generated by it, the VIIRS Nighttime Lights (VNL), in different ways, and are generally applied in urban studies in conjunction with land surface and population census data. In view of this, this work proposes to carry out an analysis of the relationship between night light compositions of the VIIRS instrument and the population estimates of the IBGE in the period from 2014 to 2020. On this sense, the methodology applied involved the use of data from population estimates together with the VNL compositions, producing OLS linear regression-scatter plots of the relationship between the population estimate and the luminosity for each year in Brazil, and WLS weighted linear regression for the regional relationship between the population estimates and luminosity, considering the areas as a weighting factor, seeking to identify whether the relationship between the data remains stable over the years. The results suggest a reduction in the relationship over time, which may be affected, among other factors, (i) by the expansion of illuminated (rural) areas; (ii) the impacts of the pandemic on luminosity; as well as (iii) by the possible distance of the estimates in relation to the real population totals. This analysis sought to provide subsidies for the adoption of this type of data as a complementary parameter in population estimates.
Estudo termomecânico da fratura de blocos refratários eletrofundidos aplicados em fornos de fusão de vidro via simulações computacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-14)
Oliveira, Thais Mota de
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Angélico, Ricardo Afonso
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4572583709143785
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Pandolfelli, Victor Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369376873984839
Currently there is a great motivation and need for advances in the understanding of the best operating conditions of industrial equipment. As far as glass production is concerned, one action field is the search for increasing the working life of the refractory lining of glass melting furnaces, directly associated with glass quality, process energy efficiency, cost and other factors. Electrofused AZS (Alumina-Zirconia-Silica) refractories are used for the lining of glass melting furnaces due to their corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. However, operating conditions can drastically alter the performance of this refractory, limiting the lifetime of the furnace. Computational simulations have proven to be a useful tool for analyses where in situ testing of the glass melting process is difficult and involves certain risk for experiments and validations. In view of this, the present study aimed to investigate AZS blocks with electrode support, which present a reduced lifetime due to cracking and intense erosion. With the software Abaqus, a thermomechanical analysis was carried out via finite element models (FEM) to determine the maximum principal stress in the block during the heating of the furnace. Which reached the rupture limit of the AZS block approximately 42 h after the start of furnace heating at 0.13 m from the hot face. Regarding the process parameters analyzed, the cooling system of the electrode had a positive effect only for its own life, reducing the oxidation of the material. The study of different thermal histories still did not prevent the crack initiation during the heating of the furnace. Changing the hole geometry affected the maximum principal stress field, and for this condition after 43 h the maximum principal stress reached the AZS modulus of rupture was 43 h. The critical point at which this maximum principal stress. In order to study the effects of material change in the thermomechanical simulations, thermodynamic studies were additionally carried out via FactSage, with the objective of analyzing the corrosion of different refractory compositions in contact with glass, to find out a potential composition to replace AZS. The results showed that zirconia-rich compositions present higher glass corrosion stability. Finally, a comparative thermomechanical analysis between AZS and commercial HZ (High Zirconia) was conducted via thermal and mechanical simulation.
Potencialidades e limites de uma s.d. sobre eugenia: educação para as relações étnico-raciais e controvérsias científicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-14)
Miranda, Alexandre Marcel de
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Silva, Douglas Verrangia Corrêa da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7699024298055259
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7459083019107633
This work proposes a methodological approach to the development of a didactic sequence as an Educational Curriculum Material, having the controversial theme - Eugenics, which presents itself as a Socio-scientific Question - QSC. This theme is developed through three fields of Education: the Curriculum, Relations for Ethnic-Racial Education and Teacher Training. The proposition of this didactic sequence aligned with educational design and this triangulation of fields, in addition to presenting itself as an educational innovation, presents itself as a proposal to evaluate its potentialities and limitations. In this way, the work consisted in the formulation of criteria that, after analysis, bring the perception that the didactic sequence can, with its potential, reach the presupposed objectives and that, due to its limitations, the formation of the teacher is significantly a preponderant factor for the its existence. Therefore, when developing, in the future, the application and evaluation of this didactic sequence, it will be possible to guide the production of an Educational Curriculum Material (ECM), which is a curricular material that is concerned with the formation of the teacher, with the promotion of education on socio-scientific issues (QSC's), and more specifically, on education for ethnic-racial relations in Science Teaching.
Fragilidade e fatores associados em pacientes com câncer de mama em tratamento oncológico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-14)
Cordeiro, Larissa Martins
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Orlandi, Fabiana de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7395879552721664
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2645557474314474
Breast cancer is currently the most incident among women around the world. Chemotherapy treatment can cause side effects associated with frailty. Frailty is characterized by a clinical condition of vulnerability and worsening of the condition when subjected to stressful factors. The general objective of the research was to identify factors associated with the fragility of women with breast cancer undergoing cancer treatment. It was a correlational, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach and the sociodemographic and clinical instruments, the Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI), the Social Support Scale of the Medical Outcome Study (MOS-SSS), the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer were used. of Life Questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ-C30) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer of Life Questionnaire - Breast Cancer (EORTC-QLQ-BR23). Sixty-seven women with breast cancer who were undergoing cancer treatment were interviewed. To present the results, three articles were prepared, the first study aimed to verify the relationship between frailty and social support of women with breast cancer undergoing cancer treatment. The average age of the participants was 59.78 years, with 38.81% being frail and 61.19% non-frail. Frail patients had a worse perception of social support in all domains of the MOS-SSS scale. The physical domain of frailty was negatively correlated in all MOS-SSS domains, except for the material social support domain, whereas the psychological domain was negatively correlated with all MOS-SSS domains and in relation to the social domain, it was confirmed. There was a negative correlation with the emotional social support and information social support domains. The second article aimed to relate frailty with the perception of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Among the results, it was found that frail women had worse sleep quality, more falls, more pain and movement limitation and perceived changes in their lives after starting treatment. Frail women had a worse perception of HRQoL compared to non-frail women. In the third and final article, the factors associated with the fragility of women with breast cancer undergoing cancer treatment were verified. The factors that were significantly associated with the fragility of women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy, in a significant way, were: social support (OR:0.926) and the HRQoL domains, physical function (OR:0.948), performance of role (OR:0.966) and future perception (OR:0.980), these being protective variables. It was concluded that there was a relationship between frailty and the perception of social support and HRQoL, and frail women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy had a worse perception of social support and HRQoL. Social support and some dimensions of HRQoL (physical function, role performance and future perception) were jointly associated with frailty, which are protective factors for the frailty of women with breast cancer undergoing cancer treatment.
Sítios cromossômicos instáveis e diversificação cariotípica em Loricariidae: análise citogenética e molecular
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-15)
Glugoski, Larissa
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Vicari, Viviane Nogaroto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8691663299749290
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Moreira Filho, Orlando
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3927076022470557
Loricariidae includes species vulgarly known as armored catfishes. Cytogenetic data revealed wide chromosomal diversity in this family, resulted from both diploid number (2n) variation, because of centric fusion events, and structural chromosomal rearrangements, such as inversions, centromeric repositioning and translocations. The chromosomal rearrangements found in Loricariidae are associated with double strand DNA breaks at sites rich in repetitive sequences. The instability present in these regions is described as “evolutionary breakpoint regions” (EBRs), which are considered hotspots for chromosomal rearrangements, and would be involved with the 2n reduction in the group. However, there are still few studies that sought to characterize the unstable chromosomal sites that generate karyotypic evolution in Loricariidae. Previous studies with Rineloricaria showed that these sites were located in rDNAs clusters, or at adjacent areas. Thus, this work aimed to identify and characterize the DNA sequences present in sites prone to chromosomal breaks, aiming to understand the molecular mechanism of chromosomal rearrangements and karyotypic diversity present in Loricariidae specimens. In the present study, we analyzed 95 specimens belonging to two subfamilies: Hypostominae (Ancistrus aguaboensis 2n = 50; Ancistrus cf. multispinis 2n = 52) and Loricariinae (Rineloricaria latirostris 2n = 46 and 48; Rineloricaria pentamaculata 2n = 54, 55 and 56), collected in different hydrographic basins in the South, Southeast and Central west of Brazil. Classical and molecular cytogenetic techniques were used, such as comparative in situ hybridization of 5S and 18S ribosomal genes (rDNA), telomeric sequence (TTAGGG)n, single repeat sequences ((A)30, (CA)15, (GA)15, (CAT)10 and (CGG)10), in addition to the analysis of genomic data provided by Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS). The results obtained revealed that Ancistrus cf. multispinis (2n = 52 chromosomes) presents a karyotype considered basal for Ancistrini, while A. aguaboensis has 2n = 50 (first karyotypic description), resulting from Robertsonian fusion (Rb) events, triggered by double strand breaks and rearrangements at sites of rDNA 5S, corroborating previously data found in other species of the group. For R. latirostris, we obtained the repetitive fraction for the recognition of microsatellite sequences present in regions previously described as chromosomal fusion points. It was found that repetitive sequences such as rDNAs, hAT transposon, and microsatellite units are present in flanking regions of chromosome breakage sites in R. latirostris, and because they contain sites of paralogous sequences present in non-homologous chromosomes, these sequences may have acted as facilitators of Rb fusion events present in this group. Furthermore, the involvement of acrocentric chromosomes in Rb fusion events was discussed, with the participation of 5S rDNA and microsatellites, which culminated in the emergence of a numerical chromosomal polymorphism observed in specimens of R. pentamaculata from the Barra Grande River (2n = 54 to 56). The data presented for Rineloricaria corroborate studies that suggested that the 2n reduction is resulted from Rb fusion, with the decrease of subtelo/acrocentric chromosomes and the consequent formation of metacentric chromosomes, with or without ITS vestiges. In summary, it was demonstrated the accumulation of repetitive DNAs present in regions of chromosomal breaks and their potential involvement with the extensive chromosomes observed in Loricariidae, impacting the diversity and karyotypic evolution of the group.
Mercado financeiro na Classificação Decimal de Dewey: proposta de expansão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-15)
Gil, Luana Carolina de Castro
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Dal'Evedove, Paula Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1170937498266968
Bibliographic classification systems play a very important role in organizing works in the collection, as well as retrieving information from databases. Considering that obtaining privileged information in the context of the financial market provides a competitive advantage, the question is whether Class 332 dedicated to Financial Economics covers the financial market subject in its scope and detail? Therefore, the general objective of this research is to put the expansion of the representation of the financial market in the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC). This is an exploratory and descriptive study, which has an applied nature and a qualitative approach. Therefore, a bibliographic research was carried out to analyze the literature on the subject, as well as to identify the terms used in the financial market. Furthermore, it was based on the methodology of Barité Roqueta (1990) to develop the proposal to modify the classification scheme. As a result, it is possible to insert about fifty terms, which were organized by expanding six existing subclasses and creating seven other subclasses. It is concluded that the proposal can contribute to the organization of knowledge about the financial market, as well as meet the informational needs of users.
Diversidade da ictiofauna nas bacias do alto e médio Paranapanema
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-15)
Ferreira, Natali Szeremeta
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Cetra, Maurício
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6775493342513120
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2393231736717349
Freshwater fishes are fundamental components of biodiversity, and it is necessary to develop actions aimed at conserving these species in the face of anthropic changes in the XXI century. In this sense, it is fundamental to understand the mechanisms underlying the composition and distribution of these species along environmental gradients, applying different measures of diversity for this purpose. Alpha diversity represents the species richness in a given location, while beta diversity is a measure of species dissimilarity along environmental gradients, which includes two contrasting components of community structuring: species replacement and richness difference. Thus, alpha and beta diversities are part of regional species diversity, or gamma diversity. This study aimed to understand the taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of the ichthyofauna of the Upper and Middle Paranapanema River. Presented as a book chapter, Chapter I includes a review of the ichthyofauna of rivers, streams, and reservoirs in the Upper and Middle Paranapanema River. In this sense, 128 species were recorded in these environments, with greater representation from the Characidae and Loricariidae families. The highest species richness and the lowest proportion of autochthonous species from the Upper Paraná River (83%) were found in reservoirs, with 20 species recorded only in these environments. The headwater streams have the lowest richness and the highest proportion of autochthonous species, being essential for the conservation of endemic species and species that are exclusive to this type of environment. Then, Chapter II investigates different measures of diversity for two spatial scales in the Paranapanema River: the Alto Paranapanema basin and the Pinhal sub-basin, for taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity. The values of total alpha and beta diversity, as well as the values of the substitution and richness difference components of beta diversity were estimated. Next, the relationship of taxonomic beta diversity to the environment was analyzed, and the contribution of local, spatial, and stream-surrounding effects to the dissimilarity were divided. The gamma diversity and the taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic alpha and beta diversities were higher for the Alto Paranapanema basin compared to the Pinhal sub-basin. Furthermore, the replacement component was greater than the richness difference for the taxonomic beta diversity in the two spatial scales. The effect of the surrounding area was the most significant finding to explain the compositional dissimilarity for the basin, while the geographic distance was the most important result to explain the total beta diversity for the sub-basin. The general findings show the importance of using different scales in the study of stream fish diversity, as well as the relevance of headwater streams in order to preserve the diversity of ichthyofauna at a river basin scale.
O ser cientista brasileira em uma universidade portuguesa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-15)
Januário, Letícia Azevedo
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Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2712552693974233
The research emerges from the encounter of case reports involving discrimination and harassment directed at Brazilian women in Portuguese universities with my experiences as a university student in Portugal. The intentionality is to unveil the phenomenon “what is it to be a Brazilian scientist in a Portuguese university”. Therefore, the phenomenological interrogation guiding the research is “What is it to be a Brazilian woman in a Portuguese university?”. The theoretical foundations chosen to construct this research were the coloniality of power/being/knowledge, feminist theory, especially decolonial feminism, and gender studies in Social Studies of Science. The methodological procedures are inspired by phenomenology as a philosophical method, specifically in the approach of the Situated Phenomenon. Socializations were conducted with the research participants and registered in a field diary, followed by interviews with the intention of giving voice to those who experience the phenomenon to be unveiled. The profile of the participants is composed of Brazilian women in academic activity in Portuguese universities at the postgraduate level, and exclusion criteria were not adopted. Altogether, ten interviews were carried out, transcribed, and analysed according to the indications of the Situated Phenomenon approach. In other words, from reading the transcription of the interviews, establishing, and grouping units of meaning and constructing a nomothetic matrix containing the identification of units of meaning in their convergences and divergences grouped in each thematic category. Three categories emerged from this process: A) The centre of knowledge; B) Colonial violence in all its aspects; C) Confrontations. Based on these categories, the speeches and the dialogue with the theoretical foundations were presented, enabling the understanding of the aspects of the phenomenon studied. The categories revealed a scenario richly marked by the colonialities of power, being and knowledge, in which various mechanisms of maintenance of power structures are present: the racialization and hypersexualization of Brazilian women's bodies, the distancing of women from science in the name of traditionalism/conservatism by patriarchy, the delegitimization of knowledge from the global South and the contradictory appropriation of it in search of prestige, in addition to various types of violence such as racism, xenophobia, sexism and discrimination against queer people. We learned from the participants that in addition to dealing with the “common” aspects of academic life, being a Brazilian female researcher in Portugal is also fighting against stereotypes, linguistic prejudice, epistemicide, transphobia, racism and other forms of violence. This thesis comprises a denunciation text of the condition of Brazilian women scientists in Portugal.
Relação pessoa-a-pessoa no pré-natal de alto risco: estudo de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-15)
Souza, Bruna Felisberto de
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Wernet, Monika
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6056127658896265
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5961914997733254
Pregnancy is a physiological phenomenon and, therefore, its evolution occurs without complications in most pregnant women. However, there is a group of women who, based on conditions such as some individual characteristics, sociodemographic conditions, previous reproductive history, clinical conditions prior to pregnancy, may indicate a higher risk of developing pathologies with a potential for unfavorable outcomes. This group of women is called high-risk pregnant women. When diagnosed, they are indicated for concomitant follow-up in high-risk prenatal services. Being in the situation of a high-risk pregnant woman tends to converge the woman and her family towards a fragmented biomedical assistance approach, which gives little value to subjective, emotional, and relational aspects. This exclusively technical and biomedical approach misses the chances of weaving care in its broadest sense, excluding singularities and preventing the establishment of a person-to-person relationship. The general objective of this study was to analyze prenatal care for high-risk pregnant women developed by nurses on home visits based on Joyce Travelbee's nursing theory. The specific objectives were to discuss aspects of the visiting nurse's relationship with the high-risk pregnant women towards autonomy and discuss the incorporation of home visitation by nurses in high-risk prenatal care. A qualitative, field study was proposed, with an interventionist character, under the methodological strategy of the case study. The case was the relationship between nurse and high-risk pregnant woman in the home visit and care. The development of the home visits took place from March 2018 to March 2020, in a city in the interior of São Paulo, when 17 women and high-risk pregnant women were visited by nurses every two weeks. To study and report the cases, the full transcription of the audio recordings of the home visits developed and of the field notes of the visiting and researcher nurses was carried out. The seventeen cases are presented individually, with visibility of the phases proposed by Joyce Travelbee and the needs explored in the person-to-person relationship. The analysis of the cases allowed us to identify that the person-to-person relationship was central and essential for the fabric of care, when the attentive, sensitive, and attentive attitude and the appreciation of the relationship supported and enabled the particularities of these high-risk pregnant women to manifest themselves and be welcomed. The meeting of the sense and significance of the situation of being a high-risk pregnant woman and the circumscribed mothering was always, in some way, launched in the relationship and effected a counterpoint to the insufficiencies experienced in high-risk prenatal care, anchored in the biomedical model they had received until then. It is concluded that producing care guided and driven by the person-to-person theory has the potential to transform the scope of prenatal care, with the potential to transform gestational and delivery outcomes. Still, the person-to-person relationship naturally promotes therapeutic encounters and responsibility in nursing and health care. Furthermore, Joyce Travelbee's reference is indicated as an anchor for home visits, as is the signalization of the importance of nursing theories being guaranteed in professional training, with opportunities for these professionals to be exposed to ways of understanding the metaparadigms of nursing. In any case, the care of the visiting nurses based on the person-to-person relationship in this study is seen as a care practice that has the potential to reconstruct the organizational scenario of interactions in the health field, especially in the experience of women who experience high-risk prenatal care. This is because the person-to-person theory has the potential to serve as a conceptual and practical model, subsidizing new care productions, valuing care centered on the person and the family, with the potential to accommodate the needs revealed in the meetings.
Minimização do risco de carteiras de investimento através da programação linear e da teoria de Markowitz
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-15)
Freitas Junior, Carlos Moraes de
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Carvalho, Silvia Maria Simões de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8244087426759161
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2243696271430881
The study presented in this project aimed at the formation and optimization of portfolios with 20 shares traded on B3 based on Markowitz's modern portfolio theory and Linear Programming, considering the minimization of portfolio risk, modeled from a quadratic programming problem and solved through computationally implemented algorithm. The data collection period began in 2020, when there was a global economic crisis due to the COVID-19 pandemic and consequent isolation measures. Three portfolios were formed during the pandemic period, which were observed between January 2021 and March 2022 and showed results as expected compared to the 1/n strategy and the Ibovespa variation.
Atomização a gás da liga de alumínio AA2017: efeitos dos parâmetros de processo nas características físicas dos pós produzidos visando aplicação em manufatura aditiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-15)
Pinotti, Vitor Eduardo
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Gargarella, Piter
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4641435644243916
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5072100559323918
Gas atomization is the main method to produce metal powders for LASER powder bed fusion (L-PBF), which is an additive manufacturing (AM) technique. It produces metallic powders with suitable characteristics to be applied in AM/L-PBF. The optimization of the parameters involved in the gas atomization process is necessary to produce powders with good fluidity and high apparent density, which are preconditions to be used in the L-PBF. The choice of an optimal set of parameters can also provide an increase in powder production yield. However, the optimization of this process is complex, because there are many parameters involved and, therefore, a systematic study must be carried out to better understand their correlation with the powder’s characteristics and their application (e.g. MA/L-PBF, for that research). Based on this context, this work aimed to study the influence of the three main process parameters at two levels (nozzle diameter (𝑑0): 1.5-2.5 mm; superheating temperature (Δ𝑇): 75-150 ºC; atomization pressure (𝑃𝐺): 20-40 Bar) on the physical characteristics of AA2017 aluminum alloy powders. It was identified that the average particle size (𝑑50) was poorly affected by the variation of parameters, while the width of the particle size distribution curve was significantly altered. The more suitable powder to be applied in AM/L-PBF was produced in an experiment with a specific set of parameters (𝑑0=1.5mm; Δ𝑇 =150 ºC; 𝑃𝐺= 20 Bar). It presents appropriate fluidity (funnel of Carney) and suitable apparent density: 0.28 s/g and 1.51 ± 0.02 g/cm3, respectively. These behaviors occurred due to an optimal combination of granulometric distribution and morphology. Finally, mathematical analysis was performed, in which the results obtained experimentally were compared with theoretical calculations based on the Lubanska equation. A good correlation was observed between the measured and calculated mean particle size (R2 = 0.97).
Commodities agrícolas da Amazônia - quem consome e por quê? Estudo transversal em uma população amazônica urbana do Acre
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-15)
Borges, Hillary Cristina
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Nogueira, Rudi
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Pacheco, João Vitor Coelho
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Bastos, Paula Rúbia Jornada
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Arruda, Rayanne Alves de
O Brasil possui uma rica variedade de alimentos regionais que fazem parte da biodiversidade amazônica, tais como o açaí, cupuaçu, pupunha, buriti e castanhas. Além de contribuírem para a segurança alimentar, eles podem trazer inúmeros benefícios para a saúde e para a economia local. Este estudo tem o objetivo de descrever o consumo desses alimentos no município de Mâncio Lima, Acre, e avaliar quais são as variáveis individuais, domiciliares, socioeconômicas e alimentares relacionadas a esse consumo. Foram entrevistadas 824 pessoas moradoras da área urbana de Mâncio Lima, com mais de 17 anos de idade, entre janeiro e fevereiro de 2012. Os resultados mostraram que o açaí foi o alimento mais consumido e os fatores associados a essa ingesta foram consumir frutas, verduras e feijão mais de 5 vezes na semana. O consumo de cupuaçu teve associação com consumo de frutas e doces acima de 5 vezes na semana e com episódios pregressos de malária vivax. Para a castanha, houve associação com sexo feminino, dormir em áreas onde foi efetuado desmatamento, ter calçada de cimento ou tijolo em frente à casa, produzir frutas para consumo próprio e consumir feijão mais de 5 vezes na semana. O consumo de pupunha esteve associado a trabalhar em atividades de desmatamento, à produção de frutas para consumo próprio e a maior idade. Para o buriti, houve associação com já ter tido malária falciparum, consumir frutas pelo menos 5 vezes na semana, maior idade e a presença de insegurança alimentar moderada ou grave.