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Crenças e rituais de famílias de pessoas dependentes de alcool: revisão integrativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-24) Costa, Marceli Karina; Zerbetto, Sonia Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1282433435871232; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2522-1948; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3299700159467213; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8689-070X
Facilitating and restrictive beliefs influence families in the process of living with and facing the situation of alcohol dependence, in relation to its functionality and treatment. Rituals are resources created and used by families so that they can function and face everyday life. Objective: To identify, in scientific productions, the beliefs and rituals that permeate the experience of the family that lives with alcohol dependents and how they impact the family dynamics. Methodology: Integrative review of national and international literature from 2000 to 2020, in the PubMed/Medline, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science, CAPES Periodicals, CINAHL, PsycINFO databases, using the PICo strategy, under the guidelines of the document Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis-extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and theoretical interpretive basis of the Disease Belief Model (CDM). Results: Facilitating beliefs consisted of beliefs of care, hope, cure of the disease and spirituality and religiosity. However, beliefs related to care and religiosity were recognized as both facilitating and restrictive beliefs. The restrictive beliefs involved themes of hopelessness, distancing the alcoholic from and by the family, acceptance and normalization of the alcohol problem, denial of the disease by the family member and belief in care, in which there was a negative influence on alcohol consumption. Regarding family rituals, these were identified in both positive and assertive and negative aspects, that is, they hinder functionality and family dynamics. The rituals that facilitated the functionality and family dynamics involved situations related to the care of the alcohol user, empathic understanding of the family towards the user; the rituals that hampered the functionality of the family consisted of social isolation and exclusion of the member who used alcohol from family life, the consumption of family alcohol recognized as a cultural and transgenerational act; presence of the ritual of silence, of confrontation, religious; ritual of moving house due to embarrassing situations and unstable routine rituals. Final considerations: The same belief can be both facilitating and restrictive for different families in the universe of alcohol dependence, depending on several factors, which will influence the perception and feelings generated by the family unit so that it can take behavioral action in the face of adverse or challenging situations, resonating in family dynamics and functioning.
Modelagem BIM para estimativa da geração de resíduos da construção civil: estudo de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-24) Selare, Juliana Mara; Marques Neto, José da Costa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2392932422695163; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3870020443243910
Construction waste represents a significant portion of the solid waste generated in the country, and this amount continues to grow without effective management, with irregular disposal being one of the main problems faced in most of Brazil. Studies indicate that the use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in the design and planning of projects can be an effective tool for reducing the amount of waste generated, as these wastes are predominantly produced by errors and unexpected changes during the design and construction phases. Therefore, the primary objective of this research is to evaluate the application of BIM modeling in the generation of construction waste during the project design phase. The research quantifies, through BIM modeling, the elements used in the project design and estimates the rate of waste generation during construction based on the obtained data. Additionally, it develops a waste management plan for the analyzed project, using the obtained quantities to estimate the amount of waste to be generated, characterizing it in a way that facilitates proper final disposal. This research contributes to the use of BIM modeling in the waste management market by enabling, through an existing estimation model, the prediction of the amount of waste generated during the construction phase. This allows for greater project control and aids in the development of the management plan, enabling construction companies to identify waste categories, determine the most significant types of waste flows, trace their origins, and estimate the necessary amount of stationary dumpsters. For future research, it is recommended to develop a tool capable of automatically estimating the waste generation rate based on the quantity takeoff tables generated by Revit software, making the process of waste characterization in the waste management plan more agile, efficient, and reliable.
Camadas de heteroestruturas hexagonais planas modeladas por grafos quânticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-24) Souza, Osmar do Nascimento; Oliveira, César Rogério de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5485204156806697; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9839649733570632
We started this work by reviewing an application of periodic quantum graph theory to model monolayer hexagonal materials with δ_a and δ_b parameters associated with the different types of atoms located in their vertices. We verified that materials of this nature have gaps in their spectral bands and express the size of this opening according to these parameters. In the Chapters 2 and 3, extend this modeling to equal bilayers, stacked in type AA and AA′, and in the Chapters 4, we studied heterostructures with two mixed layers and the “sandwich” hexagonal boron graphene-nitride: a single graphene sheet between two layers of hBN, and a single hBN sheet between two layers of graphene. In each of these configurations, we use the Schrödinger operator with its respective boundary conditions and we introduced a weak t_0 interaction parameter between the connections of different layers. We analyzed initially the dispersion relationship obtained in these models regarding the existence of conical or parabolic touches and confirmed, in rigorous models, known results in the physical literature, namely: hBN bilayers do not have Dirac cones, but, in AA stacking we identified the presence of parabolic touches. In the case of mixed bilayers, our study allows us to conclude that the inclusion of an hBN layer over a graphene layer can induce a gap in the graphene sheet and we express the width of this gap according to the parameters t_0 e δ_a. In the study of “sandwiches”, hBN-graphene-hBN and graphene-hBN-graphene, for certain particular values of the parameters, we found that the inclusion of a single graphene sheet between two sheets of hBN does not eliminate the gap of the hBN, but induces a reduction in the width of the spectral gap in an order of magnitude; by on the other hand, in the case graphene-hBN-graphene, the graphene cone at the origin prevails in this sandwich, but it also caused gaps in the other Dirac cones of the graphene. Such results can be justified by the fact that, in these heterostructures, carbon atoms have interacted with other inequivalent hBN, nitrogen, and boron atoms, causing a reduction or increase of the gaps. Finally, in the last chapter, we consider hexagonal quantum graphs and we adapt our proposal to include a magnetic field in the hBN sheet. We demonstrate that if the magnetic flux is constant in the hexagonal network and is a rational multiple of 2π, then there will be values of thisflux such that, for certain boundary conditions at the vertices (modeling the hBN), the conical touches in the operator scattering relation will cease to exist and we guarantee the existence of gaps.
Espiritualidade e religiosidade: a percepção de idosos da comunidade com alto escore em espiritualidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-24) Oliveira, Gabriel Brassi Silvestre de; Pavarini, Sofia Cristina Iost; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1983620301963081; Dupas, Giselle; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9461883918498554; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9144237682796921
Research on the themes spirituality and religiosity of the older persons has gained space among researchers in the health field. This study aimed to understand the perception of spirituality and religiosity of older people in the community who presented a high spirituality score on the Pinto and Pais Ribeiro Scale, in a previous assessment. The qualitative study used Harold Koenig's concept of spirituality, and as for the methodological process, narrative analysis was carried out. The study followed all ethical recommendations for research with human subjects. Interviews were carried out with 26 older people selected from the database of a previous study and who were registered in the areas covered by the Family Health Units of a town in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Data collection took place in two periods, from May to November 2019 (when the qualifying exam took place) and from June to September 2021 (interruption due to the COVID 19 virus pandemic). The semi structured interviews were carried out at their home, recorded, transcribed and later analyzed by the author. The guiding question was: how is the spirituality in this phase of your life? Through the narratives, five themes emerged: Aging, Support, Faith, Religious Practices and Resilience, each with its own categories. The transcendental aspects of spirituality were observed in the themes of Faith and Religious practices, providing feedback on Resilience. Resilience was one of the most significant themes observed in the participants' speeches, especially in situations of adversity. The Support theme included counting on the support of family and friends and also offering material, affective and spiritual support, as well as following the word of God to help others. Faced with the pandemic, the older people interviewed in this context, adapted their routines and did not leave religious practices. The results show that the older people in the community with a high spirituality score, interviewed in this research, relate aging to spirituality/religiosity and resilience, thus favoring the meaning of life, and overcoming adversities such as the pandemic.
Projeto Mulheres do Café e o potencial do uso das mídias digitais para a comercialização
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-24) Moriconi, Arthur; Montebello, Adriana Estela Sanjuan; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4326971138357942; Abreu, Lucimar Santiago de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7025928931374268; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6532335499365511
Access to the internet and digital media have increased significantly and gained relevant proportions in rural areas. They became a means for the commercialization of the coffee production of the group of producers linked to the project "Mulheres do Café", established by the Paraná Institute of Technical Assistance and Rural Extension - EMATER, in 2013, with the participation of 250 women from 12 municipalities, from the North Pioneiro-PR region, sought to promote social advances and economic insertion for the collective of women. The objective of the work is to analyze the direct and indirect influences of social media in the process of commercialization of coffees produced by this group of producers and to evaluate to what extent access to digital media stimulates social and economic promotion, during the Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, it will be crucial to emphasize especially the connections, from digital marketing platforms. This evaluation involves a set of qualitative methods, aiming to understand access to media and marketing strategies. Simultaneously, interviews were carried out based on a semi-structured script to understand and densely describe the role of social media in the coffee marketing process, verifying how the process occurs and what are the requirements for participation, benefits and challenges. With the data collected, advances in marketing generated by social media were observed, especially in the pandemic period, replacing face-to-face marketing. The knowledge generated supports the formulation of public policies and the improvement of family incomes, as well as the functioning of associations, cooperatives and private and/or public institutions.
O ensino médio e a cultura digital : desafios e possibilidades de o uso do aparelho celular dentro da sala de aula
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-24) Ferreira, Damiana Andreia; Zuin, Antônio Álvaro Soares; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5543562307373287; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2943944548956316
In contemporary society, the smartphone has become an indispensable tool both in leisure time and in work-related activities. In possession of the device, it is possible to film, photograph, send and receive messages on WhatsApp, access social networks, among others. Given the various services and applications, the cell phone can be seen as a useful tool in the teaching and learning process. However, in the scenario of the omnipresence of the screen, consumption exacerbated by audiovisual stimulus damages the subject's ability to concentrate.Based on the theoreticians of the Critical Theory of Society, the objective of the research is, in the digital culture scenario, to investigate the pedagogical potential of the cell phone, considering the high school level. The methodology adopted was the reflection and revitalization of the cultural industry concepts by Theodor W. Adorno and Max Horkheimer; and the concept of semiformation produced in the essay Theory of Semiformation, written by Theodor W. Adorno. Finally, selection and analysis of academic articles published in the last decade of the 21st century, which analyze the contribution of the mobile device in high school classes. That said, the first chapter of the research seeks to analyze and revitalize the concept of cultural industry. In the second chapter, analysis and revitalization of the concept of semi-formation. In the third chapter, based on the discussions held around the concept of cultural industry and semi formation, the articles selected for this research were examined from 3 categories: 1) the ways in which the contents are worked through the cell phone in teaching classes medium; 2) attention span and a3) relationship between teacher and student. It is concluded that, in times of digital culture, the cell phone through applications, educational softwares, games and the use of images and sounds, is capable to contribute to the teaching and learning process of young people and adolescents, however it is necessary to make a critical analysis of the damage caused to the subject's internal structure and the modification of the teacher-student relationship to think about a pedagogical proposal.
Proposta de sequência didática para o ensino de fisiologia humana integrando os sistemas locomotor e nervoso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-24) Silva, Ana Flávia Faverão Ferreira da; Calzolari Neto, Anselmo João; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4906309581958797
The teaching of science and biology still faces several challenges to be overcome, especially in relation to the exacerbated number of existing concepts and the fragmentation of content dealt with in these disciplines. The area of Physiology, based on the high number of concepts and the present fragmentation of content, deserves special attention in order to overcome these challenges. Along with this, inside the schools, we still find many classes based on the traditional teaching model, even though we know that, based on our current society, it must also be overcome. Thus, this paper aims to propose a didactic sequence for the teaching of Human Physiology, based on the Dialogical Learning and the Three Pedagogical Moments (3MP). This theoretical and methodological foundation has pointed evidence to overcome these challenges, in order to move towards a more democratic and egalitarian education.
Percepção de ciência e tecnologia de futuros professores das séries iniciais do ensino fundamental: um estudo descritivo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-24) Ferreira, Maria Luiza; Moraes, Letícia Estevão; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4358189417039369; Gebara, Maria José Fontana; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6585493065968961; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6231030601324519
A functioning democracy requires citizen participation in questions of science and technology (S&T). The attitudes of beginning Pedagogy students towards S&T are relevant because as prospective teachers they will influence future generations of school children. Their attitudes will influence their actions in the classroom. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to examine the opinions and attitudes with regard to S&T of students beginning a Pedagogy course at a public federal university, in the interior of San Paulo state. Students began their studies in 2020 and 2021. Data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The perceptions of S&T by the public were analyzed in relation to existing research, including perceptions of pedagogy students. The group analyzed represented 74% of the beginning students. The data collected in the first semester of 2021 were obtained from a structured questionnaire. Based on previous research in public education undertaken in Brazil in 2015, a Likert scale was used. A socioeconomic survey was also undertaken. Students responded to the two questionnaires during synchronous sessions on the Google Meet platform. Descriptive statistical analyses were applied using the IMB Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The majority of the students were feminine (87% of the total). The students were between 17 and 24 years old. They belonged to classes C and D, had no classroom experience, and the majority had attended public schools. Positive visions of S&T were held by all groups. The research showed that the students were interested in themes in S&T, but did not consider themselves well informed about them. Students showed little participation in scientific-cultural activities. The students investigated use the internet, TV and newspapers to inform themselves about S&T. On the internet the students mainly used Instagram. Twitter and Facebook were also used. In addition, the study showed that they trust scientists, who are considered to be intelligent, but demonstrates the desire for greater citizen participation in decisions about questions of S&T. Considering topics in S&T, the study showed that the students trust universities, public research bodies, hospitals and museums. In addition, despite half of the students considering themselves religious, the great majority demonstrate low confidence in churches with regard to topics in S&T. The results obtained here contribute to the knowledge of perceptions of such teachers and, thus, may help in the formulation of better practices for such courses. The results of this study may also contribute to actions for the popularization of science and the formulation of public education policy.
A Universidade Federal de Tocantins/Campus de Arraias na Consolidação do Desenvolvimento Socioeducacional: os indicadores sociais e as percepções dos sujeitos da Região Sudeste do Estado do Tocantins
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-24) Nascimento, Maurício Reis Sousa do; Rothen, José Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1942510389127549; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1607315969165214
This study analyzes the process of insertion of the Federal University of Tocantins (UFT) in the Southeast region of the State of Tocantins and seeks to understand the impacts that this institution has in the region considered the relationship between university and social development. In this research we seek to show that understanding of development and its social aspect from the action of the university, as Sen (2000) can reflected beyond the meaning restricted only to the growth of wealth. The case studied refers to the performance of UFT from the Arraias Campus - TO, having as main objective to analyze the insertion of this institution in the Southeast region of Tocantins evaluating its contribution to socio-educational development in this region. To this end, we developed a theoretical and empirical investigation, through bibliographic and documentary surveys, searches in several public databases and field research covering the social subjects who participate in the university in the city of Arraias and the Southeast region of Tocantins as: students, graduate students, teachers, administrative technicians and municipal secretaries of education. This research is based on the understanding that universities play an important role in the educational, social and economic development of the cities and regions where they are located. We seek to reflect the role of UFT in this region, considering the historical, social and political developments that have developed and that have long exposed the populations of southeastern Tocantins to a process of inequalities and easing of public policies, especially in higher education. The data of this research show that the Southeast region of Tocantins has been experiencing advances in its social and educational development, such as teacher training for basic education; improvements in indicators of human development, basic education, longevity, expansion of the number of people with higher education, but despite these advances there are still high illiteracy rates and concentration of income. This research reveals that since the arrival of UFT the region has added important gains from the socioeconomic, cultural, and educational point of view, but that such advances are not strongly linked to the action of the university and despite the institutional consolidation of UFT/Arraias Campus the space for its performance on several fronts is still open.
Relações entre provimento de cargos e estilos de liderança nas práticas de gestão escolar: uma pesquisa bibliográfica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-24) Gava, Shirley Aparecida; Nascente, Renata Maria Moschen; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3742955383665134; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4031323295763787
This investigation was carried out within the scope of the Study and Research Group on School Organization: Democracy, Human Rights and School Administrators’ Development – DEFORGES. The theme in which it is inserted is the democratic management of public schools, having as object the different ways of filling the positions of school principals, in the different school systems existing in Brazil, and the relationships between these ways and principals’ leadership styles. The investigation was carried out in order to problematize the following question: what are the relationships between forms of provision of principals’ positions/functions and school leadership styles? Thus, the general objective was to identify the forms of provision for the position/function of school principals and their leadership styles. The specific objective was to clarify these relationships, with regard to school administration practices, referenced in national digital publications, derived from empirical research, in the digital databases SciELO - Brazil, Google Scholar, Portal de Periódicos da CAPES and Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações, between the years 2011 and 2021. Methodologically, it is a qualitative and exploratory investigation in education, having the bibliographic research as method and the content analysis as technique. The instrument used to process and organize the data was the MAXQDA22 software. Among the results obtained, the predominance of the managerial style of leadership stands out, regardless of the forms of provision of principal manship positions/functions raised in this research, so the practices of these professionals have prioritized bureaucratic and administrative aspects of everyday school life. In this way, school principals, as expected institutional leaders, by disregarding other leaders, as well as by neglecting the importance of collegiate and social participation in decision-making, have contributed to the maintenance of impermeable organizational structures, not only hindering and/or preventing school democracy from manifesting itself, but also maintaining the hierarchy overload on the relationships among diverse school agents, thus reinforcing individualized forms of power and authoritarian actions in public schools.