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O fechamento de escolas rurais do município de Limeira/SP: a negação do direito à educação aos trabalhadores do campo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-25) Rinaldi, Fernando César; Bezerra Neto, Luiz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4809080593333472; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4569165581850843
This research has aimed to analyze the problems that closing rural schools policy brings to individuals who live in rural areas. The work started from the hypothesis, verified and confirmed in the thesis, that the closure of the activities of these educational units causes social impacts to those affected by the procedure, as well as the subjects that may be impacted, due to a possible closure of the activities of the educational establishments public active in the field. The study was carried out in the city of Limeira, in São Paulo State, with students from the rural area enrolled in Kindergarten and Elementary countryside public schools in Limeira, and with those who had already been transferred to urban ones. For this, the research method historical-dialectical materialism was used, for the understanding of social reality; as well as bibliographic review techniques, documental and field research. The results show that, for the population already affected by the closure of the activities of the rural establishments where they studied, the most significant social impacts refer to the feeling of abandonment by the public power and the loss of the school as a reference for the community; for those who were not affected, the issue involving transportation, the distance to be traveled between home and school, and the parent´s concern for the safety of their child when studying in urban school are the impacts of greatest concern. It was noticed that, in view of the closure of rural schools, the population and workers living in the countryside must accept school transport or be denied the right to receive free education offered by the State, where they reside.
Oportunidade de um Sistema Produto-Serviço em um município rural do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-25) Bauer, Yuri Eduardo Pereira; Fernandes, Sânia Costa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2219574286392345; Saavedra, Yovana María Barrera; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6850307175821218; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6338613372751818
The linear economic model, extraction-consumption-disposal, degrades natural resources by removing them from their cycles due to human activities, requiring constant resource extraction. Economic models such as the Circular Economy showed how it is possible to integrate development and sustainability through strategies such as the product-service system, creating ways of using products to offer services and obtaining the solutions they provide. The objective of this work was to analyze the opportunities to insert a Product-Service System in the city of Campina do Monte Alegre. For this, a literature review was carried out aiming at Product-Service System design models, after which a review of primary and secondary data was carried out on the reality of the municipality, with this, Product-Service System opportunities were identified for the needs of the municipality. Using Product-Service System design tools, Value Ring, he drafted a proposal for a business model in the context of urban public transport and the proposal for their validation was shared with the citizens. The return to the proposal presented to the citizens was 98% of acceptance and 86% confirming the use of the service, the reports of many of these was about the expansion of the route and circulation times.
Autonomia e participação na elaboração do Projeto Pedagógico online da SME de Campinas-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-25) Carvalho, Rachel Teixeira de; Nascente, Renata Maria Moschen; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3742955383665134; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4000825650966630
This dissertation was carried out within the scope of the Study and Research Group on School Organization: Democracy, Human Rights and School Administrators’ Development – DEFORGES, and aimed to analyze whether the guiding documents for the construction of the online Pedagogical Project of the Municipal Department of Education of Campinas-SP can contribute to the improvement of democratic management in schools within the municipal education network. The central question was the following: how does the Municipal Education Department conceive the autonomy granted by the Law of Directives and Bases of National Education (BRAZIL, 1996) and lead the construction of the online Pedagogical Project? The specific objectives were to identify how the reference documents on the online platform define and orientate democratic and participative management; and to discuss the possibilities of autonomy and participation based on public norms concerning democratic management of public schools in Brazil. The methodological approach is qualitative, and documental based on data collected in the referred platform which were treated by content analysis. Our conception of Political Pedagogical Project indicates that it is a procedural and fundamental identity-related school document, directly related to democratic management. We expect this investigation may contribute to academic and social debates related to school management, by helping on building management development actions applicable to schools so that they advance towards the construction of collective and democratic work, and hence, assure the rights of students by pursuing common good through the provision of quality social education.
Ensino de Libras para ouvintes: design educacional de ambiente de aprendizagem dialógico (AVA)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-25) Torres, Regina Célia; Lacerda, Cristina Broglia Feitosa de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9468232016416725; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5711689858912686
With the recognition of the Brazilian Sign Language - Libras through the publication of Law n° 10,436 of 2002 and Federal Decree n° 5,626 of 2005, which regulated it, the teaching of the language became mandatory in several higher education courses. In addition, the actions of the “Living Without Limits Plan”, through Decree n° 7,612 of 2011, created conditions for expanding the training of professionals in the field of deaf education at different levels of sign language. However, despite this, there is a lack of teaching materials aimed at teaching sign language as a second language (L2), especially at more advanced levels. Based on the construction of an interdisciplinary dialogue between Education, Design and Technology, this thesis aimed to develop educational material to support the study of Libras as a second language (L2) for students enrolled in a higher education course in translation and interpretation in Libras/Portuguese Language, conceived under the dialogical perspective of the language in effective use as a differential. Through the application of methods and techniques of Design, we sought to identify how this area of knowledge may help in the configuration of pedagogical materials, and enhance the learning of knowledge of a language in the visual-spatial modality. Through qualitative research, in the research-application model in education, the instruments and procedures for data collection were explored using a questionnaire and focus group technique. In this sense, we have the following assertion as a thesis: That from a visual language guided by the principles raised by learners and educators, technology is placed as a pedagogical device to support education, teaching Libras as L2. This study was built based on the cultural historical theory proposed by Vygotsky, and presents issues related to language teaching, new technologies, visual culture, imagery resources and visual pedagogical practices. As a final product, a dialogic learning environment (VLE), structured in order to meet the demands identified with the end users, being presented concepts in Libras, dialogues in Libras, activities of Libras for Libras, activities of Libras for the Portuguese Language and theoretical aspects of the language. This thesis aims to contribute to the planning of educational materials that consider the specificity of the Brazilian Sign Language and, consequently, create more effective and interactive teaching and learning processes; in addition to innovating by reconciling the visual aesthetics and the discursive domain present in the activities proposed in the dialogic learning environment (VLE) developed.
Mudanças ambientais no Cerrado Pé-de-Gigante (Santa Rita do Passa Quatro-SP): um olhar para mudanças temporais na comunidade herbáceo-subarbustiva e para o córrego Pauliceia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-25) Silva, Márcia Cristina Martins da; Pivello, Vânia Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4281923164086080; Matos, Dalva Maria da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4728734263109138; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6856641428307192
There are several changes that time brings to the environment. This study sought to elucidate these changes in the flora of a cerrado area (Brazilian Savanna) in the Sao Paulo state, the Gleba Cerrado Pé-de-Gigante (Vassununga State Park) after more than two decades. The focus was the composition and structure of the posterior vegetation of the subarbus vegetation, repeating a study carried out 24-year ago in the same location and with the same methods. In this dissertation, the first chapter deals with this survey, carried out in 2021, in 324 0,5 x 0,5 m plots. Using PERMANOVA analysis and generalized mixed-effects models we saw differences in composition and we point out the woody encroachment as one of the factors of these changes. The chapter also provides a mapping and updating of the locations of the sources of the Paulicéia Stream, which rises entirely in the same study area. After more than 20 years, then, a reduction in the number of springs in relation to the topographic facts in the literature, in addition to the fact that these were impacted, above all, the presence of exotic invasive species of the fauna (Sus scrofa), although its location is a protected area. In the second chapter, we approach the quality and integrity of this stream, in order to determine the conditions of its waters. Habitat Integrity Index and Biotic Index, using benthic macroinvertebrates, were applied at seven collection sites in the dry season. We verified in a principal components analysis (PCA) the water abiotics that can influence the composition of the macroinvertebrate community and then a linear mixed model was applied to the result, where we obtained the expected result that more intact the habitat, more diverse the aquatic community. Finally, in the third chapter, we also carried out a systematic search in the literature and in virtual herbaria about the entire flora of the Cerrado-Pé-de-Gigante Gleba. The results can generate an updated list of species recorded in the area, which are compared with other nearby protected areas, where we were able to conclude that - although impacted - this Cerrado remnant is an important and rich fragment, which should receive attention for management and conservation actions.
Obtenção de filtros de celulose para aerossóis a partir de diferentes processos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-25) Toniazzo, Rean; Lucas, Alessandra de Almeida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9754332336954137; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9820382900297933
Given the crisis due to the SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic and the high demand for personal protective equipment (PPE), this master's project aimed to develop a process for manufacturing biodegradable filters from a renewable source for facemasks. The proposed material is cellulose nanofiber (CNF). To achieve this, the routes explored were: drying of wood cellulose and bacterial cellulose in the presence or not of a blowing agent. The first route consisted on the drying of the membranes of pure wood and bacterial cellulose nanofibers under different conditions of temperature and drying time, generating a water-free porous non-woven fabric. The second route consisted of adding the blowing agent Azodicarbonamide (ADC) to the cellulose membranes before drying them for the expansion of the fibrillar structure, increasing the size of the pores to favor the passage of air, without losing filtering efficiency. The filters obtained were subjected to morphological characterizations by SEM images and particle collection efficiency tests and air pressure drop to evaluate their use as aerosol filters following the NBR 13698 standard. The first route produced samples that became barriers to the passage of air, due to the quantity and nanometric dimensions of the pores present in the membrane. The second route, on the other hand, was able to produce filters successfully. Filters with collection efficiencies of up to 71% for 300 nm particles were obtained. However, most filters showed a pressure drop greater than 200 Pa/cm², above the limit set by the standard of 40 Pa/cm². In addition, the blowing agent in question generates a very large amount of solid residue that can compromise the use of these filters. Therefore, the production of cellulose filters using blowing agents is possible, but the use of ADC is not ideal.
Incompressible energy spectrum in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates: a weak wave turbulence theory approach
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-25) Santos Filho, Marcos Alberto Gonçalves dos; Santos, Francisco Ednilson Alves dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0500176058863562; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4904620606086595
Bose-Einstein condensates with their superfluidity property provide an interesting parallel to classical fluids. Due to the Kolmogorov spectrum of homogeneous turbulence the statistics of the incompressible velocity field is of great interest, but in superfluids obtaining quantities such as the statistics of the velocity field from the macroscopic wavefunction turns out be a complicated task; therefore, most of the work up to now has been numerical in nature. We made use of the Weak Wave Turbulence (WWT) theory, which provides the statistics of the macroscopic wavefunction, to obtain the statistics of the velocity field, which allowed us to produce a semi analytical procedure for extracting the incompressible energy spectrum in the WWT regime. This is done by introducing an auxiliary wavefunction that preserves the relevant statistical and hydrodynamical properties of the condensate but with a homogeneous density thus allowing for a simpler description of the velocity field.
Reator de leito fluidizado: revisão de literatura e dimensionamento de reator aplicado em contexto industrial no tratamento do glicerol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-25) Barbosa, Mariana; Pantoja Filho, Jorge Luis Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7139425471960071; Lovaglio, Roberta Barros; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4549716492984231; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2603250291119560
Industrial activities are among the most impacting anthropic actions, generating various residues that vary according to their chemical, physical and biological compositions, as well as volume and toxicity potential. With the increasingly stringent environmental regulations, the waste must be characterized, quantified, conditioned and treated appropriately before its final disposal. Companies must indemnify or repair the damage caused to the environment and to third parties, arising from any of their activities, increasing the costs with environmental protection, disposal and treatment of waste. However, the residues are not necessarily rejects without any application, many have the potential to be transformed into by-products or raw materials for other production lines, and may generate new revenue for the company. Glycerol is one of the largest waste generated by biodiesel production and, although it has several industrial applications, the large volumes produced make the co-product difficult to dispose of, reducing its value in the market. The implementation of biotechnological alternatives for the transformation of glycerol into co-products of higher added value has become essential, highlighting in this context the use of Pseudomona aeruginosa for the production of rhamnolipids or biosurfactants, which can be used in various sectors in the pharmaceutical, food, oil, among others. In this context, biotechnological strategies can be employed, such as bioreactors, capable of conducting a series of chemical reactions catalyzed by enzymes or microbial, animal or plant living cells, promoting the treatment of waste and generating coproducts resulting from this biodegradation. The Fluidized Bed Bioreactor (FBBR) presents several potentialities compared to other reactors, such as the high conversion efficiency of organic substrates, due to the high concentration of biomass adhered to the support material. In view of the mentioned aspects, this work aimed to describe the main phenomena and characteristics of the fluidized bed reactor, besides identifying the applications of this reactor for the treatment of industrial waste and potential generation of co-products of economic interest, through a literature review, as well as the design of a pilot FBBR reactor for glycerol treatment and biosurfactant production. The dimensioned reactor has 8.85 m of height, 0.268 m of internal diameter and 500 L of capacity, using crushed rubber as support material, its estimated glycerol consumption and biosurfactant production was 42004,8 g and 7200 g per day, respectivelyIt. Was found that FBBR reactor has several potentialities and that there are many applications for the treatment of industrial waste, besides its applicability for biodiesel producing industries, as an alternative to the surplus of glycerol in the market and as a way to add value to the waste.
Rizomas en los océanos latinoamericanos: del middle passage a la narrativa de la transfiguración
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-25) Sañudo Caicedo, Juana Maricel; Santos, Daiana Nascimento dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3975964906565734; Marques, Wilton José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5763590592946918; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3176384476526121
Son presentadas, en esta tesis, consideraciones sobre el corpus María de Jorge Isaacs, Afuera crece un mundo de Fernández y Um defeito de cor de Gonçalves, desde el marco de la Literatura Comparada, los Estudios Culturales, Feministas y la SocioCrítica. A partir de estas miradas y del abordaje de la esclavitud, problemática que sobrepasa el siglo XIX y llega hasta la producción de la Nueva Novela Histórica en la contemporaneidad, se observan las narrativas, los contextos, subjetividades, agencias/resistencias que revelan y fisuran la idea de nacionalidad construida tanto en el Brasil como en la Nueva Granada/Colombia. De manera que, estas trayectorias éticas, estéticas y políticas de los relatos de los esclavizados, dibujan a manera de mapa y a través de las Américas, un gran rizoma que pasó del relato traumático del Middle Passage a una Narrativa de la Transfiguración. Todo, con miras a curar la herida colonial de la esclavitud y, proponer otras formas de construir la nación, por fuera de los territorios de poder oficiales, fuesen estos geográficos o simbólicos y, más allá de la dialéctica de la ambigüedad y de las demoras legales en torno a las aboliciones de la esclavitud desde el siglo XIX como de sus secuelas.