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Participação dos neurônios noradrenérgicos do locus coeruleus nas manifestações comportamentais e respiratórias ao ataque de pânico induzido por CO2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-02)
Ripamonte, Gabriel Carvalho
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Batalhão, Luciane Helena Gargaglioni
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5850453468994497
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0751857279960309
It is well described that imbalances in the modulation of locus coeruleus norepinephrine (LC-NA) neurotransmission are responsible for several psychiatric disorders, including panic disorder. Patients with such a disorder are more sensitive to changes in CO2/pH and therefore are more likely to experience the "suffocation false alarm" which, in turn, triggers the panic attack. LC-NA neurons are involved in ventilatory responses to moderate concentrations of CO2/pH; however, its involvement in behavioral and respiratory responses to severe acidification is still unknown. We investigated the participation of LC-NA neurons by using C56BL/6 mice with a conditional knockout allele of Dbh (DbhcKO) crossed with En1cre (En1CreDbhcKO - LC-NA mutants). In addition, an hypomorphic genotype animal of the same genetic background was used (En1wtDbhcKO) as well as control animals (En1wtDbhwt) of both sexes (10-12 weeks; 20-25 g). The animals went through a period of habituation in ambient air, followed by exposure to normocapnic air (15 min) and then a mixture of gases enriched with 20% CO2 (7 min). The respiratory and metabolic response were VT, fR, VE, VO2 and VE/VO2 to each exposure. The behavioral responses analyzed were escape (jumping/running) and time spent immobile (freezing). In addition, the monoaminergic concentration in the brainstem and forebrain was investigated. A neuroanatomical study to determine which region of the LC communicates with the central nucleus of the amygdaloid complex (CA) and rostral ventrolateral medulla oblonga (RVLM), respectively responsible for fear and anxiety-like behavior and respiratory responses. In these regions, retrobeads were injected and the point of interest was evaluated. In addition, regions in which were activated in LC by 0 and 20% CO2 concentration were also analysed by c-Fos protein immunolocalization. The experimental protocols were approved by the local ethics committee (CEUA - n° 3340/20). LC-NA male mutant and hypomorphic rodents had a hypoventilation and a lower VE/VO2 compared to the control group. Furthermore, control male animals had a higher respiratory frequency then the same female group. LC-NA male mutant mice had a blunted jumping response (P=0.001) and more time spent in freezing (P<0.0001) compared to the other groups. Furthermore, LC-NA mutant animals had fewer racing episodes (P=0.0157) compared to wild animals. The En1wtDbhcKO group also presented a small number of jumps (P= 0.03913). No sex difference was observed among groups. In the brainstem, mutant males have a lower NA concentration than the control group (P= 0.03647). Furthermore, control males have a higher concentration of NA than females from the same group (P= 0.018141). Mutant females have a higher concentration of DOPAC than control females (P=0.003755). In the forebrain, mutant and hypomorphic animals of both sexes had a lower amount of NA compared to controls. The CA/LC projections seem to connect mainly neurons from the caudal and the dorsal medial-caudal region, while the RVLM/LC communication occurs throughout the locus coeruleus extension. Interestingly, most of the neuronal activation occurs in the caudal medial region of the LC in males, besides to the rostral medial and rostral regions, which does not occur in females. These findings suggest that norepinephrine originating from the LC has an important role in the respiratory and panic-like escape responses elicited in mice by exposure to CO2 in a sex independent way, despite being more prominent in males.
Filogeografia comparada e preditiva na divisão leste-oeste do Cerrado: teste de divergência simultânea e identificação de características preditoras de quebra filogeográfica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-02)
Silva, Luana Maria Deoclécio da
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Moraes, Evandro Marsola de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3100796431732251
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5651295919883889
The Cerrado is a vast savanna formation in central Brazil currently included in the list of the main global hotspots for biodiversity conservation. Despite the recognition of its biological relevance, the biogeographic processes that shaped the diversification of its biota at different taxonomic levels are still poorly understood. A relatively common pattern inferred in different Cerrado species is a phylogeographic break in the Brazilian Central Plateau, separating populations of different animal and plant species in an east-west direction. In this work, we combine comparative phylogeography with the predictive framework of machine learning to investigate the existence of synchronous events between species/population pairs that show the reported phylogeographic pattern and identify predictive variables of this divergence. The east-west phylogeographic break was determined through the construction of phylogenetic trees and when the authors of the articles reported the east-west division. We used Bayesian inference of shared evolutionary events to estimate the timing and synchronicity of divergence in eight taxa pairs comprising plants, arthropods, lizards, and frogs. Finally, we build a random forest statistical model using biotic and abiotic information to identify the best predictors of the phylogeographic structure. We identified that spatial congruence is associated with temporal synchrony in plants, mainly related to Pleistocene climatic events that preceded the Last Glacial Maximum. We identified multiple divergence pulses within animals that coincide with Neogene geological events and Quaternary climatic oscillations. Our statistical model predicted that biotic variables related to dispersal ability, gene flow, and habitat preference played a crucial role in structuring the east-west break of the central Cerrado lineages, consistent with the relative contributions of extrinsic and intrinsic forces that drive the responses of organisms.
A outra face católica da economia solidária: atividades do Instituto dos Irmãos Maristas das Escolas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-02)
Batista, Breno Minelli
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Souza, André Ricardo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7016915324466152
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0794829397530158
Catholicism in Brazil has effectively enjoyed a number of advantages based on its former position as the predominant religion in the country, despite its steady decline in adherents. There is a relevant Catholic role in the development of the solidarity economy, as a matrix for such a movement. Several studies have addressed the relationship between Catholicism and solidary economic practices, but focusing on the organization Cáritas Brasileira, linked to the CNBB, without duly contemplating other Catholic groups, such as the Congregation of Marist Brothers of Schools, which constitutes the other most relevant Catholic face of the solidarity economy in Brazil. This thesis focuses on the work of such a religious congregation in relation to the solidarity economy, comprising the period between the early 1990s and 2022. The theoretical foundation is based on the intersection between liberation Catholicism and the principles of solidarity economy in Brazil. country. The investigation was carried out from a qualitative approach, using mainly documental research and interviews. The development of the research went through three stages, namely: 1) moment of engagement of the Marists in supporting solidarity economy activities; 2) the trajectory of the Marist Institute of Solidarity, the main organization of the congregation; and 3) development of solidary economic activities, which were linked to the Congregation, after the closure of the Institute
Aircraft routing under uncertainty via robust optimization
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-02)
Campos, Rafael Ajudarte de
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Munari Junior, Pedro Augusto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1328868140869976
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4629692064767271
We address the robust vehicle routing problem (RVRP), focusing on the development of mathematical models and solution methods to incorporate uncertainties regarding travel times and demand, in traditional and practical variants. We are particularly interested in a practical variant, the aircraft routing problem, motivated by the real case of an on-demand airline company. Features such as heterogeneous fleet, time windows and maintenance requests are incorporated into robust optimization models that allow for the variability of uncertain parameters to be addressed. In particular, a new type of commodity flow model formulation, not yet explored in the robust optimization literature, even in classical variants, was developed for both the traditional RVRP and the aircraft routing problem. Moreover, we propose new compact models and tailored branch-and-cut methods considering different types of uncertainty sets, namely the cardinality constrained set and the single and multiple knapsack sets, using a recent approach based on dynamic programming to obtain the robust counterparts. The developed approaches were implemented and analyzed through computational experiments using instances from the literature as well as real-world data related to aircraft routing.
Congruência espacial das áreas de regionalização e endemismo na mata atlântica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-02)
Sousa, João Victor Oliveira
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Silva, Fernando Rodrigues da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8543094930527221
How contemporary geographic patterns of species diversity are formed is still an unresolved question in biogeography and ecology. The Atlantic Forest is one of the most threatened phytogeographic domains in the world and one of the world's biodiversity hotspots. The high species richness and endemism in the Atlantic Forest are generally attributed to topographical (i.e. elevation ranging from sea level to 2,000 m above sea level) and latitudinal (i.e. 25° extension) complexity, and current and past climatic variations. Although delimitations of endemic and biogeographic areas have been proposed in the Atlantic Forest, they were defined separately for birds, frogs, harvestmen, plants and snakes. However, there is no consensus on whether the main events affecting the rate of diversification and dispersion, such as topography (e.g. mountain uplift), rivers as barriers, past and current climatic fluctuations, are congruent for different biological groups. Here, I performed a literature review to assess the congruences between the delimitation of endemic and regionalization areas for different biological groups (i.e. anurans, birds, mammals, and snakes) in the Atlantic Forest. The first articles delimiting ecoregions or areas of endemism were published in the early 1970s, with a significant increase in the number of publications from 2000 onwards. The largest number of works found refers to the group of birds while plants and harvestmen were the groups with the smallest number of articles. It was noted that the ArcGIS and the R were the programs most used in the manipulation of data and maps obtained. It was seen that mountain ranges, rivers, current and historical variations, showed great influence on the distribution of groups in the Atlantic Forest, generating a pattern of congruence that was noticed in five major regions: Pernambuco, Dry Forests/Bahia Interior Forests, Coastal Bahia, Serra do Mar and Paraná/Araucaria Forest.
A nonparametric bayesian approach for modeling and comparison of functional data
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-02)
Moreira, Diogo Barboza
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Salasar, Luis Ernesto Bueno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5464564215528609
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7221959923579554
The current advances of technology provides, among other things, several ways of collecting data, which enlarges the possibility of studying new phenomena. Researches focused on studying the functional relation between a variable and some quantity (usually time) produce the called functional data. The main feature of this kind of data is that they are registered using devices that can record values almost continuously over time. Suppose two groups of functional data and the interest is to evaluate the similarity of the groups over some range of time. This work proposes a method to compare the groups using predictive samples. The method submit data to a smoothing step using orthonormal functions series and the coefficients of the series are then used to model functional data, due to the bijective relation between the target functions and their respective coefficients. The goal is to estimate the multivariate density associated to the coefficients of each group. Under nonparametric Bayesian context, the densities were estimated using Dirichlet Process Mixture model. Comparison of the functional data groups were performed using a dissimilarity index based on some L2-distance and estimated using the predcitive samples of the fitted DPM model. The index has a great interpretative appeal and constitute an useful tool for data analysis. Furthermore, it is proposed a bayesian scheme to test the homogeneity of groups of functional data based on the distance between the distributions of the processes for each instant of time. A quick simulation study is presented, as well as preliminary analysis in real functional data set.
Tempo da reparação: luta e memória da comunidade atingida de Paracatu de Baixo, Mariana/MG
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-02)
Marcurio, Gabriela de Paula
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Villela, Jorge Luiz Mattar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8301325600502054
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0501523188370610
This is an ethnography of the Paracatu de Baixo community’s reparation. It was affected by the collapse of the Fundão iron ore tailings dam in the city of Mariana, Minas Gerais. The residents were compulsorily displaced from the subdistrict to the city, where most of them are now living, according to a routine arranged by technical employees of Samarco (Vale and BHP Billiton) and Fundação Renova, created by the mining companies to repair the damage. The main objective is to characterize the affected people’s struggle to resume their way of living. I show that memory has become the main way to access the community from the contamination of Gualaxo do Norte River and the destruction of the land so that the ways of life have become unlivable. Based on fieldwork, reports, and documents, I describe the imposition of technical and legal apparatus in the process of reparation. I reveal how the affected people deliver their requests in these patterns, arguing that memory makes them real from a community’s perspective. The disaster establishes a rupture of time, creating “before” and “after,” when the ways of living, thinking, and making were extremely distinct. The affected people summon the past to evaluate the present and to think about the future. Therefore, the community is brought to the present by speaking, which is transcribed into projects, maps, chats, and monetary value. Memory composes the technical ways that aim for fair and full reparation.
Fatores que influenciam a mobilidade urbana da mulher: estudo de caso na cidade de São José do Rio Preto-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-02)
Nanya, Luciana Mayumi
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Sanches, Suely da Penha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3857424839674606
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5668884386564690
The initial objective of this research was to carry out an analysis of the urban mobility profile of women living in the city of São José do Rio Preto and the restrictions and perceptions that influence their daily commute that can cause exclusion from mobility. Due to the pandemic that started in March 2020, the research was limited to analyzing a group of women living in the city. The methodology used consists of carrying out a Focus Group (in order to verify the characteristics of the mobility of women in the city of São José do Rio Preto), and from the results, the elaboration and application of a questionnaire for the field research. Three Focus Groups were carried out in December 2019 with women living in the city of São José do Rio Preto, aged over 18, neighborhood leaders, university students, retirees, women employed in the formal and self-employed labor market, women with children dependents to travel, women without children and with adult children. The results of the Focus Groups were analyzed using the thematic analysis methodology of Braum and Clarke (2006), associated with the word cloud resource (graphic-visual representations that organize the words and the degree of frequency that the words are cited in the text) . Then the questionnaire for field research was elaborated and the data collection was carried out. Data collection, at first, used the Virtual Snowball methodology (necessary to reach the target audience at the time of social isolation). Subsequently, a second data collection was carried out using the Virtual Snowball methodology again associated with the active search for women in the city (in front of the bus station, in the blue mall and in the ONG As Valquírias). The collected samples were analyzed using the t-test, ANOVA and cross-classification statistics, with a significance level of α = 0.05 and 95% confidence in the result. The results show that for all mobility restrictions (time restriction, perception of insecurity, economic restriction, perception of difficulty in accessing urban activities, perception of insecurity, perception related to the quality of transport infrastructure), the existence of statistically significant difference for the means of the groups of women (p value <0.05 for ANOVA test and t test), for the characteristics of women. The results show that the profile of the woman who suffers the most exclusion from mobility for the group studied are women who use walking and public transport modes and transport by app/taxi, living in the regions of Schmitt and Talhado, with low incomes. very low and with an elementary education level. It is noteworthy that the results presented in this work do not represent the average profile of the city's residents. The samples collected were important for carrying out the research and the results limit the conclusions, but they are validated for the group of women researched.
Avaliação da eficiência e do desaguamento de lodo de ETA em Leito de Drenagem utilizando diferentes geotêxteis e aplicação de polímero
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-02)
Ortiz, Isabela Gagliardi
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Achon, Cali Laguna
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0307406069325793
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Kellner, Erich
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6855091004957784
During the stages involved in the water treatment process, sludge is formed, which is characterized as solid waste and, therefore, its destination must be compatible with the guidelines of the PNRS - Law 12.305/2010, prioritizing reduction, reuse and recycling. In this sense, dewatering, understood as a method of reducing the volume of sludge, meets the requirements established by the National Policy on Solid Waste. Dewatering is characterized by the removal of free water, supernatant found in the interstices of solids, using natural or mechanical systems. Drainage beds, designated as DB and previously conceptualized as drying beds, are among these natural systems. This technique has shown to be interesting, despite the lack of research using polymers as conditioning. Several authors defend the theory that the WTP sludge does not need a polymer to be dewatered, as it already has chemical conditioners, introduced in the water treatment process, which would facilitate dewatering. Thus, the main objective of this research was to study the application of polymers as a conditioner in the WTP sludge applied to the DB, with a view to improving efficiency and dewatering. For this purpose, a bench scale Drainage Bed system was used, with a total of 108 drainages, including tests without polymer (SP) and with polymer (CP), with 4 geosynthetics (3 non-woven geotextiles and a woven geotextile ), a fixed total solids (ST) content of the sludge of 2% and 3 sludge layer heights (H10, H30 and H50 cm). Subsequently, in order to choose the polymer to be applied to the DBs, cone tests were carried out with different types of polymers, concentrations and dosages, with the respective geotextiles. These results were applied to the BD system, characterized as CP-cone for each geotextile tested. In order to study another polymer selection method, the BD system itself was used, since the TAS (Solid Application Rate) between these two methods were considered different. Thus, tests were performed, characterized as CP-alternative, using the same geotextiles. The analysis of the results highlighted that the CP - alternative tests were able to increase the removal rates, mainly for higher hydraulic loads, with TAS > 6 kg/m2 , with superior quality of drains for all hydraulic loads; the alternative method would be the most indicated because it presented high removal with satisfactory quality. Only the non-woven geotextile GTNT600 showed no statistical difference in dry retained mass regardless of the hydraulic load and the method applied for polymer selection. Regarding the efficiencies, the EF (%) was > 98% for the CP tests. For the ESST (%) the values were > 96%. Higher hydraulic loads obtained higher TSS removal efficiencies, regardless of the test configuration (SP and CP – cone and alternative) with values above 98%.
Efeitos da manipulação farmacológica dos receptores canabinóides CB2 na função cardíaca do teleósteo matrinxã, Brycon amazonicus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-02)
Gonçalves, Yan Costa
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Monteiro, Diana Amaral
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0358411551730768
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4296128053314097
In addition to their known classical effects, such as analgesia and impaired cognition and learning, cannabinoids have also been related to the regulation of cardiovascular responses. CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors are present in several organs, including cardiac tissue. However, the effects of activation of these receptors on cardiac contractility are still unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate ventricular myocardial responses after activation of the CB2 cannabinoid receptor, using fish as an experimental model, which is an attractive tool for testing with innovative therapies. The effects of cb2 receptor activation with a synthetic selective agonist (HU-308) on the contractility of the isolated ventricular myocardium and on the expression of proteins involved with Ca2+ management during excitation-contraction coupling (E-C coupling) were investigated. Treatment with the CB2 receptor agonist increased the contraction force (Fc), cardiac pumping capacity (CPC), besides the contraction and relaxation rates of ventricular strips. Pharmacological manipulations with rianodine (sarcoplasmic reticulum blockade) and lithium (Na+/Ca2+ exchanger blockade) indicated a relevant contribution of both the SR and the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger in E-C coupling in the HU-308 treated group. Furthermore, the treatment with HU-308 induced significant increases in the expression of Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) (159%), sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a) (28%) e phospholamban (PLB) (67%) in the ventricles of matrinxã. In conclusion, CB2 receptors activation improved E-C coupling by increasing calcium-handling efficiency leading to a positive inotropic and lusitropic responses. The beneficial effects observed in this study on myocardial contractility suggest that CB2 receptors may be potential therapeutic targets in cardiac dysfunctions.
Diversificação em formações xeromórficas da Mata Atlântica - um estudo de caso com espécies do gênero Pilosocereus Byles & Rowley (Cactaceae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-02)
Leite, Fernanda Mizuguchi
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Bonatelli, Isabel Aparecida da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9946082913752883
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Moraes, Evandro Marsola de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3100796431732251
The Brazilian Atlantic Forest (BAF) is considered one of the five main hotspots on the planet. It extends in coastal regions of eastern Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina, displaying a sizeable geographic extension and a wide gradient of altitude, latitude, and climate conditions. Although BAF landscapes are predominantly composed of evergreen rainforests, there are also areas with xerophytic or open shrubby vegetation in the sandy coastal plains and rocky outcrops. These abiotic features promote a considerable heterogeneity of habitats in the BAF, allowing the formation of different physiognomies and plant communities. Most of the hypotheses proposed to explain the origins of the high diversity and endemism in this area are based on allopatric speciation models, such as those built on Pleistocene Refuge Hypothesis (PRH) and riverine hypothesis. Here, we employed molecular data, species distribution modeling (SDM), and tests of niche equivalency and similarity (NES) using Pilosocereus arrabidae complex (P. arrabidae, P. ulei, P. brasiliensis subsp. brasiliensis, and P. brasiliensis subsp. ruschianus) as a biological model to address questions related to evolutionary history, dispersal barriers, and refuges of the dry areas within the BAF. We sequenced four molecular markers (1,514 bp) for 97 individuals. However, we failed to solve the shallow relationships between species and individuals, as well as to conduct population genetic analyses, due to the high level of saturation among the aligned loci. The NES and SDM analyses showed distinct niches for the P. brasiliensis subsp., despite the presence of a contact area between Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santos states, while P. arrabidae and P. ulei displayed low niche overlap during the last 130 ka. The climatic oscillation events imposed a central-south distribution to this species in the present time. Here, we also observed a break in the region of Jequitinhonha and Contas river basins, a region that may work as an ecological barrier, affecting the species distribution. Overall, the P. arrabidae complex seems to be an important biological model for understanding the demography and diversification of taxa from dry areas of the BAF. The prospecting and use of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) approaches, may be a promising strategy to evaluate biogeographic hypotheses in this study model.
Um estudo exploratório envolvendo criptografia e fatoração numérica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-02)
Gomes, Fernanda Rodrigues
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Carvalho, Silvia Maria Simões de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8244087426759161
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9451515574391476
This research aims to investigate the implications of applying a teaching sequence using cryptography and numerical factoring in the learning of 1st grade high school students. Cryptography has several applications in today’s society, from the security of accessing a social network to even the protection of banking data; In this sense, the research sought to present students from the history of cryptography to the functioning of RSA cryptography and the role of a hacker in this environment. We tried to make a didactic approach using videos, text, certificates from social networks and a final challenge. The students became "hackers of good", performing the factorization of compound numbers contained in the keys of the challenge and decoding the message of each urn using a pre-coded table, to arrive at the result.
Desenvolvimento de vacina contra o patógeno emergente Serratia marcescens utilizando análises bioinformáticas de vacinologia reversa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-02)
Damas, Marcelo Silva Folhas
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Pranchevicius, Maria Cristina da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4772148921558977
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8874029143065410
Serratia marcescens is a nosocomial opportunistic gram-negative bacterium with intrinsic and acquired resistance to several antibiotic classes. Vaccines are an efficient, fast way to improve public health with a great cost-benefit. Reverse Vaccinology allows the identification of potential vaccine targets through computational analysis, reducing time and money spent in vaccine development. In this study, Reverse Vaccinology and Subtractive Proteomics were utilized to identify potential vaccine targets of 49 S. marcescens proteomes recovered from NCBI. Five proteins were conserved between strains and were associated with essential, resistance or virulence functions. Those proteins were present in the extracellular environment and were antigenic. A total of 7, 16 and 12 MHC-I, MHC-II and B cell epitopes, respectively, were identified from those 5 proteins. These epitopes were antigenic, immunogenic, conserved, hydrophilic, nontoxic, and non-allergenic. The MHC-I epitopes, 12 MHC-II epitopes and 12 B cell epitopes were conjugated among themselves and with adjuvants with the help of linkers, creating four vaccine constructs. The secondary and tertiary structure of the vaccine constructs were analyzed, along with their antigenicity, toxicity, allergenicity and hydropathicity. All the four models were docked Against TLR4-MD2 complex and the SMV4 model, which had the 50s ribosomal protein L7/L12 had the better binding affinity. The protein was in silico reverse-translated and was codon adapted to E. coli K12. The protein was also in silico cloned in the vector pET-28a (+). Although SMV4 is a promising vaccine candidate, further experimental validation is necessary to confirm its safety and efficacy.
Promessas de campanha eleitoral na agenda de governo em Moçambique: uma contribuição para a análise na gestão governamental (2015-2019)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-02)
Matavel, Princidónio Abrão
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Diniz, Simone
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9726360676770459
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1853120645925221
The research that gave rise to this thesis aims to analyze the election campaign promises and their fulfilment in the area of education, in public primary and secondary education in Mozambique, in the governing term of President Filipe Jacinto Nyusi, in his first governmental term 2015 to 2019. We opted for this study as a research strategy because we consider it appropriate to analyse this complex political phenomenon for the African reality, specifically Mozambican, and for providing the understanding of holistic peculiarities of the researched fact. The research was fundamentally based on a qualitative approach. The verification of the fulfillment of the promises was through the survey and analysis of data from the National Institute of Statistics (INE), the Ministry of Education and Human Development (MINEDH) of the Economic and Social Plans and their respective State Budgets corresponding to the five-year period in allusion; and textual documents Political and government programs, government legislation, reports and strategic plans of education in primary and secondary public education linked to the MINEDH. The theoretical basis that supported this thesis was Downs' Theory of Mandate (1957), which was considered the most convenient for verifying the fulfilment of electoral campaign promises in the area of education in public primary and secondary education. From the cross-referencing of the data obtained from the analysis of the research, the most significant results of the thesis conclude that despite the skepticism of most Mozambican citizens, the government administration of President Filipe Jacinto Nyusi in his first term of office, at the level of education, fulfilled most of the promises, in a percentage above 70% of the indicators analysed, in a context of major financial constraints. This means that despite the degradation of the entire national education system in Mozambique, there was some responsiveness and, consequently, a correspondence between the electoral promises and government action.
A liberdade em Aristóteles
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-05)
Normando, Afonso Gabriel Gadelha
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Lopes, Marisa da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5427042421727621
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8589062845458512
Several scholars have entertained the notion of freedom in Aristotle according to their respective aims and methods. Although their research may overlap in some aspects, they are significantly far from reaching any dialogue for discussion. Far from seeking a solution to this problem, the present study aims to analyze and consider the most common aspects of the freedoms in Aristotle and, thus, elaborate on its own specificity. It is primarily intended to investigate the Aristotelian concept of freedom and its relation to reason. Freedom firstly appears in the relations of the members of a household: The free should be governed as free people and the slave should be governed despotically. It is later found that what qualities underline these differences are some aspects of the human soul: The man has a complete deliberative faculty; the woman has it, but it is without authority; the child also has it, but it is incomplete; and the slave does not have it at all. If the freeman is the one who should rule for he has the faculty of deliberation, then, in order to define him, it is necessary to analyze the elements of the soul which make him the ideal ruler. The rational soul allows the freeman to calculate and to have a sense of time. Moreover, he is the only one who is able to deliberate, to decide and to have rational desires. His natural capacities allow him to act in a contingent world not as a slave, but as a freeman: Reason is his guide, not chance. Similarly, in politics, the true Aristotelian freeman should not act as he likes, as it is commonly done in extreme democracies, he should rather act according to the law.
Com o Mbaraká entre as palmas das mãos das palavras: uma poética do traduzir Ayvu Rapyta na Ameríndia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-05)
Ribeiro, João Paulo
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Martins, Maria Sílvia Cintra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9241992645160356
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5296702446756168
La recherche a un certain contenu interdisciplinaire, mais c'est en Linguistique que nous nous retrouvons. Une Linguistique qui pense à l'historicité, au sujet du poème et aux territoires. La politique appartient à le poème. Parallèlement à la poétique de la traduction du texte Ayvu Rapyta de León Cadogan (1959), en Mbyá-Guarani, nous théorisons sur les activités de traduction en Amérindie, ayant certains aspects du chamanisme, et la Poétique de la Relation et du Divers, concepts d'Édouard Glissant ( [1990] 2011) comme points de référence. Le perspectivisme amérindien (VIVEIROS DE CASTRO [2009] 2015) nous tenait aussi à cœur, surtout pour dialoguer avec la Poétique de la Relation. Concernant la poétique de la traduction, c'est dans la pensée d'Henri Meschonnic (1982; [1989] 2006; [1990] 2010; 2016; 2017) que nous avons une base et de Maria Sílvia Cintra Martins (2018; 2019; 2020; 2022) qui dialogue aussi avec la poétique indigène. Notre recherche présente quelques propositions de traductions de documents qui ne sont pas inédits et d'autres ont déjà traduit des parties. Notre proposition, destinée à s'écarter de l'interprétation, s'est imposée comme attentive aux aspects du divers parmi les syntagmes fournis par la physique de la traduction (cf. Haroldo de Campos [1963] 2013) en tenant compte d'une possibilité d'extra-monde. En ce sens, nous considérons le temps de la terreur et le temps de la guérison, en comprenant que les éléments linguistiques, qui ne sont pas des unités minimales de sens, pourraient être du sens. Pour cela, une manière de signifier, interpellative et participative dans la poétique de la traduction. Ainsi, considérant le chant comme une transformation du cri, nous comprenons le Rythme précisément comme une manière d'écouter le traducteur face à l'abîme, à la tentative de ne pas interpréter. Poétique de la traduction, pratique et théorisation, nous l'avons fait remarquer, ayant l'Amérindie comme territoire pour un peuple à la langue. Pour une théorie du poème en Amérindie, on réfléchit au poème du monde, au dit. Certains concepts de la pensée guarani contenus dans Ayvu Rapyta, en ne les traduisant pas, ont aussi grandement déterminé notre proposition et notre positionnement: tenondé, yvará, che ra'e, kuaa-ra-ra, yvy-potyra, entre autres. La diaspora était aussi le sujet de notre thèse. Ainsi, les aspects extra-mondains finissent par déplacer le monde, permettant un mode de vie, comme le rappelle la poétique amérindienne. La réflexion de Graça Graúna (2013) et de Davi Kopenawa ([2010] 2015) nous a conduits sur cette voie. Le langage de notre proposition est un langage de la poétique de la relation, que nous comprenons comme une possibilité de penser le langage pur, comme quelque chose que pensait Walter Benjamin ([1923] 2008). La langue pure comme devenir du présent: un peuple dans la langue, un peuple qui manquait et qui est déjà là.
Utopias virtuais: um estudo sobre o vaporwave e o ciberespaço geográfico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-06)
Pereira, Synclair Antonio Vieira
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Lana, Rita de Cássia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1816504631940006
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3973353251484647
The internet, a network communication model created primarily for military purposes in the 1960s, has become the primary means of communication of the early 21st century, revolutionizing the way we relate to each other and the world. These relationships, sometimes conflicting, reflect the conflicts of the physical-material space. Given the need to broaden the geographic view of cyberspace, and in this sense, the research carried out made use of vaporwave, an electronic and experimental musical genre that emerged and popularized on the internet in the mid-2010s as a case study, in an attempt to understand the new contemporary spatial flows. Adopting as a theoretical basis for the investigation the theories developed by Milton Santos, especially the Theory of Urban Economic Circuits, it was possible to understand the applicability and limitations of the use of the theory in the face of new spatial configurations of the globalized world. At the end of this research, it can be pointed out that the particularities of cyberspace demand a new perspective of analysis capable of embracing its accelerated flows, configuring, therefore, as a field full of questions to be addressed by geographic science in dialogue with other fields of knowledge.
Gestão de TIC no processo de compras públicas: análise da efetividade e dos entraves do sistema SAGUI suprimentos da UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-06)
Ferreira, Fábio Zuccolotto
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Martínez, Marta Pagán
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7522593438014023
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9747983347929739
The general objective of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness and the obstacles of the System SAGUI Suprimentos of UFSCar, from public procurement processes in the form of price registration. This case study, based on descriptive, exploratory, bibliographic, documentary and qualitative research, analyzed two information systems used at the aforementioned University, one implemented in 2018 and the other in 2021. Direct observation was carried out with field notes in the sector responsible for the IS at the São Carlos Campus from some dimensions and variables considered references by the literature focused on the evaluation of systems implemented in public organizations, such as: ease of use, productivity and time. The study showed that UFSCar's SAGUI Suprimentos system has brought effectiveness to the bidding processes, due to the ease of use, with the new system interface that more clearly presents the images and technical specifications of the products, resembling the well-known "e-commerce"; the productivity dimension, with more concise reports, based on pre-programmed information, which facilitate the grouping of similar items as well as the quantities demanded; by the time dimension, having considerably reduced the duration of the bidding process, despite the constant increase in bureaucracy. The obstacles are more related to the human factor (error) and the unaccompanied demands of users, which are therefore some challenges of the system for greater efficiency and effectiveness in public procurement processes, in addition to the training of users and internal staff.
Blockade and antiblockade effects with near-ground state neutral atoms
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-06)
Attie, Jorge Antonio Gonçalves
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Santos, André Cidrim
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8538873580371877
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Bachelard, Romain Pierre Marcel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4344589799192534
In this work we study the photon blockade and antiblockade effects in a system of neutral atoms with a two-level structure, in the limit where induced dipole-dipole interactions mediated by light are relevant. Such system is an interesting alternative to cold gases platforms with Rydberg atoms, with applications in quantum optics and quantum information protocols. For an ensemble of few atoms driven by a laser field, we monitor the photon statistics and the population dynamics of the excited states, identifying the regime of parameters under which blockade or antiblockade is achieved. Furthermore we study the correlations, non-classicality and entanglement of the emitted photons through the photon-photon correlations function and the Cauchy-Schwarz and Bell’s inequalities, with the aim of obtaining a source of pairs of photons strongly correlated and entangled.
Os ladrilhos da escrita memorial em Infância de Graciliano Ramos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-06)
Jesus, Ana Paula Ricci de
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Pinto, Débora Cristina Morato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1311151012002541
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5828075629859110
The aim of this work is to present an interpretation of the work Infância by Graciliano Ramos under the memorialist perspective, specifically concerning to a certain aesthetic of the memory in the book. For the composition of this analysis, we seek to highlight the writing of the self of the narrative, both for the recognition of the characteristics of autofiction as a literally genre, and the configuration of a testimonial writing and singular meaning for elaborating childhood’s traumas mediated by violence. To relate these different perceptions, we also develop the hypothesis of impressionism techniques drawing the necessary lines and giving colors and sensations to the author’s memory fragments, in a non-linear portrait, just like fundamental principles of reminiscence. Finally, the last part of the dissertation tries to reveal these elements from excerpts from the book Infância itself.