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A abordagem da temática sobre violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes nos cursos de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-14) Dan, Bianca Lorenzi; Furlan, Elaine Gomes Matheus; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3179865576965852
Brazil presents alarming data on sexual violence against children and adolescents. There are several studies that highlight the fundamental role that schools play in combating sexual violence against children and adolescents and it is, mainly, through teachers that combating actions are implemented, based on the legal commitment to report cases that have occurred. knowledge, involving suspicion or confirmation of mistreatment against children or adolescents, however, studies show that teachers are unprepared to deal with the situation. The present study aimed to analyze the issue of sexual violence against children and adolescents in Biological Sciences Degree courses at public higher education institutions in the state of São Paulo, as well as verify the conditions in which future teachers work in confronting sexual violence. against children and adolescents. To this end, the methodology adopted was both the documentary analysis of the pedagogical projects of the aforementioned courses, and the analysis of the perceptions of students who are in the last year of the respective courses. The research scope included 28 courses included in the documentary research and the participation of 20 students, responding to an online form, representing 11 courses. The data obtained shows that the topic of sexual violence rarely appears in course curricula. In general, participants present knowledge about the phenomenon and the role of the teacher in situations of sexual violence, such as the role of identifying signs of violence, reporting it and providing sexuality education as a prevention tool. However, this knowledge appears to be superficial when it comes to identifying and appropriately referring cases. According to the participants themselves, they feel unprepared to act in the fight against sexual violence against children and adolescents due to insufficient knowledge about the topic and legislation, the absence of the topic during graduation, not knowing how to act and help victims and not know how to recognize the signs they present. In view of the above, we reinforce the need to include the topic in curricula and a solid approach to it to prepare future teachers to prevent and combat sexual violence against children and adolescents.
Caracterização e viabilidade de impressão 3D para nanocompósitos de PLA/TPU/SEP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-14) Zanon, Tiago Thomaz Migliati; Marini, Juliano; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4533610255047654
In recent years, a significant increase in the use of additive manufacturing techniques (AM) has been observed for the conformation of devices to the biomedical area. Since scaffold processing is extremely delicate, as a consequence of its structure and geometry, 3D printing presents itself as one of the most promising methods for making them. To improve the printing properties related to the blend of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), which are immiscible polymers, aiming at future biomedical applications (scaffolds), it was decided to test the sepiolite (SEP) inclusion in different dispersion protocols. Four nanocomposites (PLA/TPU/SEP) of the same composition, but with different mixing protocols were produced and evaluated according to the properties of the pure materials (PLA and TPU) and the blend (PLA/TPU). During the development of the PLA/TPU/SEP nanocomposites, an investigation was carried out regarding the processing characteristics (torque rheometry), the thermal properties (DSC and TGA), the rheological properties (oscillatory regime), and their correlation with the necessary characteristics for the scaffold printing. From the analyzes carried out, it can be observed that the presence of SEP improved the thermal and rheological properties, compared to the PLA/TPU blend, and, consequently, had a positive impact on the scaffolds printing, qualitatively and quantitatively. On the other hand, the different mixing protocols did not present significant results, since none individually stood out among the others, and, therefore, without presenting significant properties improvement that would justify its preference in future uses.
Análise, seleção e agrupamento de características relevantes das equipes da NFL durante os anos de 2013-2016 e suas relações - um estudo de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-14) Araujo, Mariana Oliveira; Moura, Maria Sílvia de Assis; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9410151859448447; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8044335700008996
On this work, the study of different NFL (National Football League) variables was proposed, with the main goal of analysing, selecting and clustering their characteristics and its correlations. Data on the official NFL website was grouped and made available on file datas on the website Kaggle, by the players positions and characteristics. Multivariate Statistics data methods are presented, and then an analysis of data from a four year period is presented, in order to analyze the results of all teams during a regular season. The Principal Components Analysis and Cluster Analysis methods were used to select and group variables for a better analysis.
Avaliação da potencialidade de aplicação de sistemas poliméricos com liberação controlada no tratamento de doenças do gado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-14) Marinho, Bruna Santostaso; Marini, Juliano; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4533610255047654
Agriculture is responsible for a fifth of the Brazilian GDP, and the milk industry is the biggest generator of jobs in Brazil. However, some diseases that affect cattle, such as mastitis and hoof affections, can harm this chain. With this in mind, research began on new methods of administering antibiotics, other than by mouth or injection, to avoid stress on the animal. For this, materials such as polycaprolactone or poly(lactic acid) are widely studied to have the drug added in order to develop devices with controlled release. In this review work, some significant works involving the main biodegradable polymers and the development of controlled release were analyzed, and, in the end, it was observed that a technique for producing polymeric fibers was widely used, electrospinning. In addition, bibliometric research was developed, that is, research that showed, in numbers, how the development of these studies occurred over the years. With this research, it was possible to observe the potential in the study of the subject, since about 26,000 works were found about controlled release and only 21 works that dealt with the controlled release of drugs aimed at the treatment of mastitis, for example. In general, the work can validate the interest in the subjects individually and prove the great potential in studies that involve all the themes of the work correlated.
Microplástico: um contaminante invisível
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-14) Pinhatti, Victor Carrera; Agnelli, José Augusto Marcondes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7592090152400440
Microplastics are small-sized plastic particles that primarily arise by the breakdown of larger plastics. They are considered ubiquitous contaminants in the environment and are found in the most diverse environmental matrices, from ocean trenches to the top of mountains, even in products that we consume and in the air we breathe. Animals and humans are constantly exposed to microplastics and these interactions bring many health hazards. This review addresses relevant issues on the subject of microplastics – regarding classification; its sources; the incidence on environmental matrices and their impact on organisms; analytical challenges; the main initiatives and solutions that aim to fight this type of contamination; and a study regarding population perception about the subject.
Efeitos da interação e da movimentação de parasitoides especialista e generalista no controle da broca da cana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-14) Macedo, Allan Mello de; Montoya, Carolina Reigada; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5171685489598372; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5949499855105131
The dependence of parasitoids on hosts for reproduction, and the fact of their foraging behavior and reproductive success be strictly related to their hosts, making them important agents in biological pest control programs. However, the release of parasitoids and their movement in crop areas can lead to the establishment of complex interactions of these with the community of herbivores and natural enemies present in the agricultural landscape. In this context, unpredictable results can occur when generalist and specialist parasitoid species compete for a common host, the target pest to be controlled. The frequency and abundance of alternative hosts of generalist parasitoids play an important role in modulating the competition with specialist parasitoids, defining the balance between costs and benefits arising from the switching of hosts when it chooses to attack a common host, directly affecting the success of biological control. Through mathematical modeling, this study aimed to analyze the effects of competition between specialist and generalist parasitoids for Diatraea saccharalis, the sugarcane borer. For this, biological parameters obtained from interaction among Cotesia flavipes, specialist parasitoid, Tetrastichus howardi, generalist parasitoid species, and D. saccharalis were used, aiming to answer the following questions: (i) Is the associate release of specialist and generalist parasitoid species effective for the pest control? (ii) Does the parasitoid release site in the crop area influence species’ effectiveness of pest control? (iii) Considering the costs of host switching and interspecific competition interaction, what is the effect of the alternative host variations on making parasitism to a common host advantageous for the generalist parasitoid population and consequently for its use in biological control programs? (iv) Do the location of the target host (i.e., pest) and alternative hosts in the agricultural landscape interfere with the generalist parasitoid’s permanence in the target crop and, consequently, with the biological control effectiveness?
Efeito da celulose bacteriana como enxerto no reparo tecidual e revascularização após queimaduras cutâneas em modelo animal: um protocolo para uma revisão sistemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-14) Nobre, Jacqueline Jennifer Cardoso; Carvalho, Cristiano; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4296634454655924; Rossi, Karina Nogueira Zambone Pinto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4705154788194140; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3485755329871852
INTRODUCTION: Skin burn injuries often cause death and long-term disability, and multiple articles are available in the literature presenting applications of bacterial cellulose for skin wound healing. The use of biomaterials for wound repair is among the most promising approaches, promoting the development of different dressings. Currently, there is a variety of dressing materials that are used for wound treatment, such as films, foams, hydrocolloids, and hydrogels. A widely used and studied example of hydrogel is bacterial cellulose (BC). BC is a natural polymer, synthesized by several bacteria, which has favorable characteristics to be applied in wounds. OBJECTIVE: To develop a protocol for a systematic review of the effect of bacterial cellulose as a graft on tissue repair and revascularization after skin burns in an animal model. METHOD: Following PRISMA guidelines and Cochrane recommendations, an electronic search will be performed in Medline/PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases for relevant articles published up to August 2022. Only preclinical trials comparing bacterial cellulose treatment to a control or placebo group will be considered eligible for inclusion. Study screening and data extraction will be performed by two authors. The methodological quality of the primary studies will be assessed using the SYRCLE's RoB tool for animal studies. The quality of evidence for each summarized outcome measure will be assessed using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations) approach. RESULTS: The results of this study will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication. CONCLUSION: The present protocol will assist in the elaboration of a future systematic review, addressing the effectiveness of bacterial cellulose as a graft in tissue repair and revascularization of skin burns in animals experimental.
Isolamento e caracterização de bactérias endofíticas associadas a Paspalum vaginatum Swartz com potencial biotecnológico e agrícola para promoção de crescimento vegetal e biocontrole
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-14) Fernandes, Ana Carolina Vasconcelos; Lacava, Paulo Teixeira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8947678349043750; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5201364823500867
Paspalum species are important constituents in native pastures of tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas. Paspalum vaginatum is a grass native to coastal areas in Brazil and is widely used on golf courses in the United States due to its robustness and tolerance to abiotic stresses such as drought, waterlogging and salinity. Bacteria (endophytic) located within this species may be partially responsible for tolerance to these extreme conditions. The use of bacteria capable of promoting plant growth as inoculants is an ecologically correct strategy to replace chemical fertilizers and improve plant production. This study aimed to isolate and evaluate the potential for solubilization of inorganic phosphate (ISF), biological nitrogen fixation (NFB), production of 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA) and antagonistic potential of endophytic bacteria associated with P. vaginatum. The bacteria were isolated from roots and leaves of P. vaginatum and tested in vitro for NFB, ISF, IAA production and antagonism against the phytopathogenic fungi Bipolaris sp. Among the 72 bacterial isolates tested, 42 fixed nitrogen (58,3%), 28 solubilized inorganic phosphate (38.9%), 70 produced AIA (97.2%), even in low amounts, and 12 showed antagonistic potential against Bipolaris sp. (16.7%). The 24 bacteria with the best results in the tests were identified by sequencing the 16S rDNA. The genera Bacillus sp., Pantoea sp., Enterobacter sp., Agrobacterium sp., Pseudomonas sp., Staphylococcus sp. and Streptomyces sp. were identified by the 16S rDNA gene sequencing of the 24 selected isolates.
Silenciamento do gene itgb3 de células de tumor de mama murino triplo negativo (4T1BM2)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-14) Machado, Aline Maria; Altei, Wanessa Fernanda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3727790337302830; Araújo, Heloísa Sobreiro Selistre de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4065824911933203; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3465406543529253
Breast cancer is the most recurrent type of tumor in the world, surpassing lung cancer, according to data published in 2021 by the World Health Organization (WHO). When tumor cells spread or invade nearby or distant tissues, secondary tumors are formed and this process is called metastasis. αvβ3 integrin are heterodimeric receptors that connect cells to the extracellular matrix (ECM), they are crucial due to their role in signaling that contributes to cell motility, proliferation and cell behavior, being a therapeutic target of great relevance. The main objective of the present work was the production of a murine breast cancer cell line (4T1BM2) silenced for αvβ3 integrin and the analysis of the effect of this silencing. To obtain this silencing, lentiviral vectors produced from envelope and packaging plasmids were used together with the plasmid encoding the synthesis of interference RNA, which targets part of the β3 subunit gene, to be used in transfection. from the human kidney embryonic cell line (293FT). The viral particles were transduced into the tumor cell and the selection of silenced cells was performed using the antibiotic Puromycin. The verification of partial silencing of β3 integrin was obtained by western blotting and flow cytometry, certifying different levels of integrin in the parental and silenced cells. The evaluation of cellular behavior was carried out through functional migration assays in Boyden's chamber and wound healing. In addition, zymography assays were performed to compare the content of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) present in the parental cells and in the silenced cells. The results obtained in this work indicate the achievement of a silencing for the β3 subunit and the functional assays showed a lower migration rate of the silenced cells, as well as a decrease in MMP-9 and an increase in MMP-2 in these cells. These data contribute to improvements in knockdown procedures for this cell type and demonstrate the complex role of integrins in tumor progression.
Avaliação do potencial de fibras ópticas biopoliméricas: celulose e seda
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-14) Padilha, Caroline Faria; Otoni, Caio Gomide; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9403804691367376
Due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability, natural polymers are increasingly being studied for optical fiber manufacturing. Aiming at environmental preservation and sustainability, the use of renewable sources in the production of these materials, as well as their disposal and degradation period, are extremely important. In this way, the exploitation of the attributes of biopolymers, such as cellulose and silk, brought a new perspective to polymer optical fibers’ future, their application in sensors and in biomedicine. This assignment presents the results reported in different studies of these materials, their applications, limitations and capabilities. The basic parameters and operating principles of optical fibers are introduced, briefly addressing the traditional fibers, and only then focusing on biopolymers. Cellulose and its derivatives stand out in the development of optical fiber sensors, especially for the detection of variations in humidity. Silk fibroin, on the other hand, is a great candidate for implants, with its high biocompatibility and excellent optical and mechanical properties as success factors for advances in optogenetics. Several variables, such as solvents and preparation of the initial solution, the production technique and the processing temperature, directly influence the resulting material properties, and need to be improved in order to reduce propagation losses. In conclusion, the best method and material for manufacturing natural waveguides, as well as the standardization and adaptation for large-scale production, has not yet been defined. The potential of natural polymers in the production of optical fibers is clear, but there is a long way to go for their full development.