A abordagem da temática sobre violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes nos cursos de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas

Abstract

Brazil presents alarming data on sexual violence against children and adolescents. There are several studies that highlight the fundamental role that schools play in combating sexual violence against children and adolescents and it is, mainly, through teachers that combating actions are implemented, based on the legal commitment to report cases that have occurred. knowledge, involving suspicion or confirmation of mistreatment against children or adolescents, however, studies show that teachers are unprepared to deal with the situation. The present study aimed to analyze the issue of sexual violence against children and adolescents in Biological Sciences Degree courses at public higher education institutions in the state of São Paulo, as well as verify the conditions in which future teachers work in confronting sexual violence. against children and adolescents. To this end, the methodology adopted was both the documentary analysis of the pedagogical projects of the aforementioned courses, and the analysis of the perceptions of students who are in the last year of the respective courses. The research scope included 28 courses included in the documentary research and the participation of 20 students, responding to an online form, representing 11 courses. The data obtained shows that the topic of sexual violence rarely appears in course curricula. In general, participants present knowledge about the phenomenon and the role of the teacher in situations of sexual violence, such as the role of identifying signs of violence, reporting it and providing sexuality education as a prevention tool. However, this knowledge appears to be superficial when it comes to identifying and appropriately referring cases. According to the participants themselves, they feel unprepared to act in the fight against sexual violence against children and adolescents due to insufficient knowledge about the topic and legislation, the absence of the topic during graduation, not knowing how to act and help victims and not know how to recognize the signs they present. In view of the above, we reinforce the need to include the topic in curricula and a solid approach to it to prepare future teachers to prevent and combat sexual violence against children and adolescents.