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Formação continuada de professores de biologia: um estudo bibliográfico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-20) Barbosa, Regina Auxiliadora; Galindo, Camila José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4950003851687226; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9735069312989658
Continuing education is considered an inherent condition for the professional performance of teachers, a duty to be offered by the State, and a part of the teaching workload. However, despite the mandatory nature and increasing studies, there is still a lack of research that highlights the situations of this training and teachers’ specialties in a broader way. There is also a diversity of sources where information can be found. This plurality led to the definition of qualitative research of the bibliographic type. This research is mainly based on André (1999), Nóvoa (2009), Tardif (2012), and Zeichner (1993) studies, as well as on Brasilian legislation that regulates the continuing education of teachers. The study aimed to identify the trends and challenges posed to the continung education of biology teachers, pointing to the perception of different conceptual and methodological approaches considering Dialnet scientific papers database from 2000 to 2021. A total of 44 articles were found, and 6 of these were selected.The results indicate that the exercise of teaching and formative practices tend to be reviewed with social changes; training for biology teachers highlights topics such as genetics, DNA and evolution, with emphasis on the historical approach to contente and knowledge of concepts about scientific models used in laboratories and blood circulation; training proposal for the use of didactic material (with different activities) present in a biology book; scientific production in the specific area has continued to grow since the last decade, but there is a need for expansion to make it possible to make know situations in different contexts, whether systems, schools, stages and/or educational modalities or even states/regions. It was considered that continuing education as an offer of support to the teacher will be more efficient if it listens to the demands of the teachers themselves and when it constitutes a perennial training process, no longer being fragmented proposals and disconnected from the teachers’ needs. The expansion of research is concluded as a condition to better support training proposals for biology teachers.
Efeitos da cetamina sobre comportamentos defensivos em ratos Wistar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-20) Felício, Hadassa Kéuly; Oliveira, Amanda Ribeiro de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4993675879410961; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2761838888275894
Ketamine is a non-competitive glutamatergic receptor antagonist widely used as a dissociative anesthetic. Preclinical and clinical studies have indicated that ketamine exhibits antidepressant-like effects. Concurrently, much evidence has suggested that glutamatergic neurotransmission may participate in the underlying biological mechanisms of stress responses and anxiety disorders. Thus, it is plausible that ketamine, in addition to its antidepressant-like effects, may also have anxiolytic-like and/or panicolytic-like effects. The present study aimed to investigate the behavioral effects induced by subanesthetic doses of ketamine in rats exposed to the elevated plus-maze (EPM), elevated T-maze (ETM), conditioned place preference/aversion, and catalepsy tests. For that, 145 male Wistar rats weighing on average 340 g were used. For each test, the subjects were randomly allocated into four groups: 1- Saline (0.9% physiological saline), 2- Ket10 (10 mg/kg ketamine), 3- Ket20 (20 mg/kg ketamine) and 4- Ket30 (30 mg/kg ketamine). In the EPM, the dose of 10 mg/kg ketamine decreased the number of entries and the time spent in the open arms, without affecting entries into the closed arms, suggesting an anxiogenic-like effect. No other significant effect of ketamine was observed in the ETM, conditioned place preference/aversion, or catalepsy tests. Although the rapid and sustained antidepressant-like effects of ketamine appear to be a robust finding in the literature, anxiolytic-like and panicolytic-like effects were not observed in the present study. The diversity of results observed for ketamine in animal models for anxiety and panic indicates the need for further investigation.
"Todos os brasileiros comem o mesmo café da manhã?" - Perspectivas interculturais nos cadernos de apoio de língua inglesa do currículo paulista para o ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-20) Blandino, Paulo Rogério; Viana, Nelson; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6252579012192711; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7850407984352990
This research aims to verify the concept of interculturality present in the activities of the English textbooks for the last years of elementary education of the São Paulo Curriculum. Therefore, and with regard to the theme of interculturality, the works of Tubino (2005), Maher (2007), Candau (2008), Walsh (2010) and Piller (2017) were used as a theoretical framework. Considering that in the official text of the São Paulo Curriculum (SÃO PAULO, 2019) interculturality is seen as a direct result of teaching English as a lingua franca (ELF), the theoretical framework was complemented by works related to this theme (CANAGARAJAH, 2013; JENKINS, 2005, 2009, 2015, 2017; JENKINS; COGO; DEWEY, 2011; LEFFA, 2006; MOITA LOPES, 2008; ROSA, 2021; SEIDLHOFER, 1999, 2001, 2005, 2009; SEIDLHOFER; WIDDOWSON, 2017; SIQUEIRA, 2011). Regarding the methodology, and based on the classification proposed by Paiva (2019), the research was characterized as being qualitative in nature, descriptive and documentary in relation to research methods, inserted in the area of social sciences, within the field of Applied Linguistics and having as source of information the official documents of the São Paulo state Curriculum and the Common Core Curriculum (BNCC), as well as the English textbooks for the last years of elementary education, from which the activities for the analysis were selected. Based on the theoretical discussions held about the terms culture, multiculturalism and ELF, and relating them to the categorization of interculturality proposed by Walsh (2010), it was verified that in the activities there are characteristics of the three perspectives of interculturality: relational, functional and critical, and not only of the latter, considered as the closest to the conception of interculturality presented by the São Paulo Curriculum.
Validação da determinação de macro e micronutrientes em ração de peixes por espectrometria de emissão óptica com plasma induzido por micro-ondas (MIP OES)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-20) Garcia Filho, Amauri; Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
The work with analytical methodologies has acquired great relevance and target of high demand in research and agricultural development. Thus, this work seeks to offer detailed options in fish feeding monitoring studies. First, a methodology for preparing samples was proposed. The lack or abundance of some nutrients can cause damage to the animal and the production chain of the psychoculture. Despite the existence of other procedures, the defined digestion method employed 150 mg of analyte, weighed directly in the vials of modified PTFE, then added 3.0 mL of HNO3, 2.0 mL of H2O2 30% (m/m) and 3.0 mL of H2O to digest the fish feed specimens to determine macro and micronutrients. After the digests the final solution was soured to 30 mL with water. The nutrient reading process was performed by microwave-induced plasma optical emission spectrometry (MIP OES). The veracity, verified with the use of MR and addition and recovery tests, presented values between 82 and 108%. The results of mass fractions of Ca, Mg, K, P, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn and Na found in the fish feed samples analyzed are: 17.38 g kg-1 P; 26.30 g kg-1 Ca; 5.79 g kg-1 K; 1.6 g kg-1 Mg; 1.89 g kg-1 Na; 106.81 mg kg-1 Zn; 197.93 mg kg-1 Fe; 9.05 mg kg-1 Cu; After preparing and determining, the stage of validating the methodology to quantify and detect macro and micronutrients by MIP OES was performed. The study presented satisfactory linearity when analyzing its r2 values. On the other hand, the selectivity analyzed in the study, when related to the matrix effects obtained satisfactory results. The limits of detection and quantification obtained were, respectively, 0.001 mg kg -1 and 0.005 mg kg -1. The results show that the validation procedure is of paramount importance for the maintenance and monitoring of fish diets. In addition, microwave-induced plasma optical emission spectrometry (MIP OES) is an economical alternative in nutrient analysis in fish feed. Despite the nutritional importance, the presentation of the contents of other inorganic nutrients by manufacturers is not required by legislation.
Avaliação entre a correlação de atributos das áreas alteradas imagens de ressonância magnética de pulmão, bem como a concentração de marcadores inflamatórios no sangue de pacientes com COVID-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-20) Gomes, Alisson Roberto; Ribeiro, Marcela Xavier; Ribeiro, Marcela Xavier; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0300141044144026
SARS-CoV-2, also known as COVID-19, was responsible for the global pandemic that started in 2019, which has repercussions to this day. This project aimed to find a correlation between characteristics extracted from the inflamed regions present in pulmonary magnetic resonance imaging and inflammatory indicators from blood tests of a set of patients diagnosed with COVID-19, through image processing and data mining techniques. Among the methods used to perform this analysis are correlation mining, association rules and classification through decision tree. From the results obtained, it was possible to find a correlation between the study variables, where a high rate of the inflammatory markers urea and creatinine in the blood is associated with one of the characteristics of pulmonary magnetic resonance imaging, which is the number of pixels present in the inflamed regions. However, this correlation alone does not conclusive the possibility of using magnetic resonance imaging as a substitute method for those currently used for the diagnosis of patients with COVID-19. Other analyzes such as patient classification, using correlation, to identify who needs to perform the blood test, in addition, it is possible to create new analyzes improving the techniques used for data extraction and even opting for the extraction of other attributes from the images.
Cannabis e turismo: contexto e um breve panorama
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-20) Paiva, Raul Pontes; Ferragi, Cesar Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8059661338196579; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4564217067085722
The recent changes in drug legislation in different countries and states, especially in relation to marijuana, motivated the interest in investigating the tourist flows resulting from these novelties. Before verifying the existence of the tourist activity related to the plant, as well as its concepts, motivations, impacts, and other aspects, a historical contextualization about cannabis was carried out, where it was verified that there is a millennial relationship between the vegetal species and human beings. It then became appropriate to investigate the reasons that led to the criminalization of marijuana, being verified a motivation linked to racism and xenophobia of whites towards communities that used marijuana in their cultures, especially black communities. The impacts of prohibitionist policies were also studied, and it was concluded that, besides not impeding the dissemination of drugs, they end up generating abuses and violence, that mainly affect the black and peripheral population. Later, data collection was carried out that allowed the visualization of aspects of the cannabis industry in different countries, such as economic flows, tax collection, and product varieties. As for tourism, different destinations, attractions, and services related to cannabis were verified. Finally, an exploratory research was carried out to gather perceptions, experiences, and opinions about cannabis and tourism, in order to identify the different consumer profiles and their respective demands. Among the conclusions obtained, there was a preference for recreational use in an eventual trip, and for destinations such as Amsterdam and Uruguay, with demand for specialized travel agency services and cannabis-friendly lodging.
Avaliação do domínio ATPásico da proteína não estrutural 3 (NS3) do vírus da Zika e investigação de derivados de hidantoínas e oxadiazol como agentes antivirais baseados na estrutura da proteína
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-20) Osti, Ygor Gabriel Pontieri; Anibal, Fernanda de Freitas; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4918261968772806; Morão, Luana Galvão; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4089503184237675; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7328757215344918
One of the great challenges in the field of public health in Brazil has been related to the existence of flaviviruses that cause diseases with high rates of contamination, such as to Dengue, Zika and Chikungunya. The challenge in combating them increases due to the conditions climatic conditions conducive to the dissemination of its vectors commonly classified within the genus Aedes, whose common vector among the three is Aedes aegypti. The presence of Zika virus in the national territory in 2015 and despite having been configured as epidemic, Zika had benign symptoms and low lethality, however, the factor of concern linked to the Zika virus (ZIKV) was the sudden emergence of complications Severe neurological disorders: Guillain-Barre syndrome in adults and Congenital ZIKV (microcephaly) in newborns, occurring at the time of the epidemic and lasting current days. There is still no cure or vaccine to prevent ZIKV infection, the main preventive measure, currently, the control of transmitting mosquitoes. In this way, the The search for molecules with the potential capacity to become drugs is extremely necessary and interesting. It is known that two processes are critical to the life cycle of the virus in the human host: (1) infection and (2) viral replication. The replication process depends essentially from the non-structural proteins encoded by the viral genome. The NS3 has two protein domains: serine protease (NS3Pro) and NTP-dependent RNA helicase (NS3Hel), responsible, respectively, for the cleavage of polyproteins after translation and for the unfolding of a double-stranded RNA prior to RNA polymerization and capping. Being thus, when processing fragment screening data, two fragments were observed promising agents acting as potential inhibitors of NS3Hel, being hydantoins and oxadiazole. However, the present work continued what the group has been doing, in the effort to search for drug candidate molecules against ZIKV and shows the screening of 28 molecules derived from hydantoins and oxadiazole tested against the ATPase activity of NS3Hel in order to explore promising molecules that inhibit this protein. Also carried out was Differential Scanning Fluorimetry (DSF) to assess thermal stability as well as binding affinity between promising protein-compounds. In these tests, six compounds showed promising inhibition profile above 70%, which will continue to be explored in future group trials.
Sobre a qualidade das bases de dados públicas brasileiras: estudo de caso na saúde
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-20) Silva, Guilherme Servidoni da; Santos, Marilde Terezinha Prado; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9826026025118073; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5525062051920606
With the ever-growing digitalization of governments worldwide, great effort has been put towards data transparency. One important milestone of this trend is the Open Government Data workshop, which took place in 2007 in Sebastopol, California, where the eight Open Government Data principles were defined. Since then, large scale initiatives from government institutions worldwide were put in place to make their datasets more transparent, and among them, Brazilian institutions. With initiatives such as the Information Access Law and the Brazilian Portal of Open Data (Lei de Acesso à Informação and Portal Brasileiro de Dados Abertos, respectively, unofficially translated), data from municipal, state and federal Brazilian government institutions are accessible to any interested citizen. However, effort towards data quality is as important as the openness of the data itself, so it can be used clearly, optimally, and as granularly as wished. Picking up from selected datasets made available by the Brazilian unified healthcare system (Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS), through the Datasus Tabnet platform, and the national agency for health insurance providers (Agência Nacional de Saúde Suplementar - ANS ), this paper aims to analyze the quality of this data, proposing meaningful and reusable improvements to any government entity that wishes to open its data, with great care for quality. Leveraging acquired knowledge from a project executed by the Chicago-based multinational consulting firm Kearney for a hospital based in São Paulo, where numerous market analyses were based on open data provided by SUS and the ANS, the dimensions for data quality proposed by Parker et al. were used to analyze the available sets. In order to exemplify where such quality effectively interferes in the easiness of the work being done, sanitized analyses were brought up, showcasing the value of opening government data, and how they can be continuously improved.
Percepção dos trabalhadores sobre o trabalho presencial e o home office: Estudo de caso em uma empresa de adquirência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-20) Prado, Gabriela Cassia; Fontes, Andréa Regina Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4848646681792317
Although the telecommuting or home office modality already exists, with the Coronavirus pandemic, the practice of working outside the offices has intensified. With the end of the isolation caused by the new virus and the consequent return of face-to-face activities, we sought to understand, with this research, the advantages and disadvantages of the home office and telecommuting from perceptions shared by employees of the selected company. The study was developed from interviews and questionnaires applied to workers of a company in the acquiring sector. As a result, the main problems pointed out by the workers were inefficient communication with teammates in the home office work model and the distance to the workplace in the face-to-face regime. It was concluded that most employees prefer the hybrid work model to reconcile the advantages existing in both work models: face-to-face and home office.
Como as ações vinculadas ao bem-estar do trabalhador afetam sua satisfação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-20) Passetti, Pedro Henrique; Fontes, Andréa Regina Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4848646681792317
Remuneration is one of the reasons why workers join certain companies. Even though the salary is a legal obligation, there are companies that opt for other alternatives besides a remuneration that end up retaining their workers. Alternatives, these, that stimulate their physical, social and mental well-being. The present study analyzes how alternatives beyond financial remuneration reach productivity in the same magnitude as other companies that offer financial solutions. Through interviews with workers from a company that offers a range of benefits, we analyzed their feelings in relation to their feelings, both physiological and social, in order to understand if these solutions end up directly inferring the well-being of workers who receive benefits. as remuneration.
Avaliação de métodos de construção de redes e detecção de comunidades no agrupamento de textos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-20) Dal Bello, Paulo Henrique; Valejo, Alan Demétrius Baria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9546164790189830; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3918266533231668
Due to the large amount of data produced daily in text format, whether publicly on social networks or privately within companies, there is a need to analyze and extract information from them. The goal is to turn them into useful tools, such as translation systems and virtual assistants. The area of Natural Language Processing, in conjunction with Machine Learning, provides the necessary technologies for such an objective. One of the most explored tasks in this context is the clustering of documents through unsupervised classification. Document clusters can provide a description of the subjects covered by a collection of documents, representing, in general, categories or themes. Considering this task, in addition to the traditional clustering algorithms, such as k-Means, approaches based on networks have been gaining notoriety in the literature, which build a network from the document collection and use community detection to find groups of documents representing similar themes. These approaches initially need the construction of a network from the documents analyzed, and several algorithms can be used for this purpose, which produces networks with distinct topological characteristics, directly interfering with the quality of the cluster. In this context, the aim of this study is to analyze the influence of network construction algorithms in the clustering of texts. It seeks to assess whether the different ways of building networks can influence the generation of community structures that are representative considering the classes of text documents.
Memória e aprendizagem dialógica: uma abordagem interdisciplinar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-20) Rossi, Luana Aparecida; Marigo, Adriana Fernandes Coimbra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4014738511373573; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5105614855092388
The general objective of this work was to understand the concepts of memory and learning, analyzing the works of Lev Vygotski and Eric Kandel in light of the concept of dialogical learning. It started from the need to investigate the relationship between contributions from neuroscience and psychology to the field of education, considering that the national academic literature points out gaps regarding the possible contributions of neuroscience in the educational field. The methodology used in this research was content analysis, of bibliographic nature. Three bibliographic sources by Eric Kandel and three by Lev Vygotski were analyzed. The main results pointed out that Kandel and Vygotski have several convergences, as they indicate the social and cultural character of memory and the capacity of modifying it and behavior from experience and learning, both at a biological and psychological level, through sociocultural means. Of the divergences, it was found that they occur in the objective and methodology used by the authors for the understanding of memory and learning. Based on the study performed, it was concluded that the convergences found point to a common path between neuroscience and cultural historical psychology regarding the concepts of memory and learning. In addition, it is necessary to expand the studies involving neuroscience and education, in order to overcome social inequalities, to develop pedagogical practices based on scientific evidence that favor the development of students, overcoming conceptions based on only one author, in view of the complexity of the human being and contemporary social needs.
Diabetes não controlado e trajetória de declínio da função cognitiva: há diferenças entre homens e mulheres e nos domínios afetados?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-20) Cochar-Soares, Natália; Alexandre, Tiago da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5393622641681701; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2087725285261320
Background: Despite the high prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its consequent complications, there is still a lack of longitudinal studies that analyze the cognitive decline considering disease uncontrolled cases. Objective: To analyze the trajectory of cognitive function, in analyzes stratified by sex, according to the presence and control of diabetes during eight years of follow-up. Method: Data from 3,984 participants from English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA Study) were used, 1,752 men and 2,232 women. The study outcomes were the performance of cognitive domains memory, executive function, temporal orientation, in addition the global cognition. Cognitive performance in each test was standardized as z-score by schooling and age. Exposure was classified into participants without diabetes, with controlled diabetes and with uncontrolled diabetes. For the trajectory analyzes of the global cognition and cognitive domains, generalized linear mixed models were used for men and women, separately, and controlled by sociodemographic, behavioral and health conditions variables. Inverse Probability Weighting (IPW) was used to compensate losses of follow-up and to correct survival bias, common in longitudinal studies. Results: No differences were found between the z-score of global cognition and cognitive domains according to baseline diabetes status in either men or women. During eight years of follow-up, women with uncontrolled diabetes had a greater decline in global cognition z-scores - 0.037 sd per year (95%CI - 0.073; - 0.001) and executive function - 0.049 sd per year (95% CI - 0.092; - 0.007) when compared to those who did not have diabetes. There was no difference in the trajectories of the memory and temporal orientation cognitive domains as a function of diabetes status in women. In men, there was no difference in global cognition trajectories as well as in any cognitive domains according to diabetes status. Conclusion: Women who do not control adequately the blood glucose have a greater risk of cognitive decline. Global cognition and the executive function domain seem to be more affected by uncontrolled diabetes than the memory and temporal orientation domains. Gender seems to influence this relationship, since among men there was no association in the trajectory of cognitive function according to diabetes status. Thus, glycemic control, especially in women, is essential for maintaining cognitive function.
O trabalho híbrido pós pandemia: estudo de caso com trabalhadores de uma empresa do setor financeiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-20) Novaes, Thiemi Yamamoto Sakihama; Fontes, Andréa Regina Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4848646681792317
In a post pandemic the context, the facilitation and greater adherence to remote work, flexible work, before with few supporters arises. In this research, it was sought, within a specific niche, which was de tendency, preferences, main difficulties and advantages of adherence to the hybrid work, of workers in the financial sector. The present study compared experiences of ten workers under a hybrid work regime interviewed, with the researched theory, searching data both inside and outside Brazil seeking to understand what are the main reasons that lead to a specific preference of the company’s workers. The results, allowed to discover that the success of this type of hybrid work is linked to the flexibility in daily basis and also the use of the hours of the day in a more efficient way.
InFaRR: Um algoritmo para reroteamento rápido em planos de dados programáveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-20) Luz, Gustavo Venancio; Verdi, Fábio Luciano; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9143186843657940; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4309476101721612
InFaRR (In-network Fast ReRouting) is an algorithm for fast rerouting in programmable data planes. Implemented in P4, InFaRR is free of additional management headers (overheads) and network state management packets (hearbeats). InFaRR has four essential features not jointly found in other recovery mechanisms: Loop prevention, Pushback, Recognition and Restoration and Return to the main route. Tests in a Sandard Fat-Tree and AB Fat-Tree topology with failures in different scenarios showed positive results when compared to state-of-the-art algorithms in the literature. In scenarios in which the other algorithms were able to recover, InFaRR presented less time variation in packet delay when the Pushback, loop Prevention and Recognition and Restoration mechanisms was used, resulting in fewer hops when bypassing the failure. In scenarios with multiple failures, InFaRR successfully rerouted where the others algorithms in some cases looped. The unique mechanism for returning to the main route innovated in view of the possibility of verifying remote links in the data plane, making it possible to return to the main route without intervention from the control plane.