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Desenvolvimento de procedimentos para a determinação de cobre e zinco em fertilizantes minerais misto por espectrometria de emissão óptica com plasma induzido por micro-ondas (MIP OES)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-10-21)
Fidelis, Suzane Cristina
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Nogueira, Ana Rita de Araújo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7034773971317045
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1343707476494928
DEVELOPMENT OF PROCEDURES FOR COPPER AND ZINC DETERMINATION IN MIXED MINERAL FERTILIZERS BY MICROWAVE-INDUCED PLASMA OPTICAL EMISSION SPECTROMETRY (MIP OES). In the pulp industry, eucalyptus, introduced in Brazil in 1904, is the main raw material, according to the Brazilian Association of Silviculture. For these plants' good development, fertilizers must be used to meet their nutritional needs. In this approach, the determination of nutrients both in plants and in fertilizers is a demand of industrial quality control laboratories. Mixed mineral fertilizers, specifically the micronutrients copper and zinc, were the object of the present study. In partnership with the raw material supplier, aspects related to sampling were evaluated, and compaction during transport was investigated. Next has studied the sample preparation, with digestions involving open vials and assisted by microwave radiation. The determination of the analytes (copper and zinc) was performed by microwave-induced plasma optical emission spectrometry (MIP OES). The equipment and materials necessary for the execution of this project were made available in the laboratories of Bracell, unit in Lençóis Paulista, in the São Paulo State. The raw material responsible for being the source of copper and zinc (10% of each nutrient) was provided by the supplier. Different extractor solutions such as aqua regia, sulfuric acid, and citric acid did not show greater extractions effectiveness than hydrochloric acid, the method recommended by the manual of analytical methods of the Braziliam Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply (MAPA). The wet digestion procedure in an open system on a hot plate presented statistically similar mean values (paired t-test) compared to the digestion performed in a closed system in a microwave digester for Cu. Otherwise, for Zn, the digestion assisted by microwave radiation was less effective, which suggested problems related to the heater program. The matrix after grinding (20 mesh) and the intermediate portion (retained in a sieve) were analyzed. Addition and recovery tests showed high recovery levels in part had on the sieve in all extractor studied solutions. The results suggest a possible matrix effect in MIP OES determinations, indicating the need to evaluate new alternatives for calibration or the use of an internal standard.
Modelos de sobrevivência induzidos por fragilidade discreta com fração de cura e riscos proporcionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-10-21)
Espírito Santo, Ana Paula Jorge do
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Cancho, Vicente Garibay
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3503233632044163
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7428767920770482
This work presents two new survival models induced by discrete frailty with unobserved heterogeneity and proportional hazards structure, for lifetime data. The first model consider the discrete frailty variable with Katz distribution and the second with Generalized Poisson distribution, which have overdispersion, equidispersion and underdispersion properties. The new models encompasses as particular case the promotion cure rate model. The proposed model with katz discrete frailty also encompasses the mixture cure rate model and cure rate model with dispersion. Inference aspects for proposed models as discussed, in a classical approach for Katz distribution, for which the maximum likelihood tools were used and regression models were presented to evaluate the effects of covariates in the cured fraction. Furthermore, an expectation maximization algorithm for determining the maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters of the model was presented. For Generalized Poisson model, a baysean aprouch was also used, through Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation method, especifically Metropolis–Hastings algorithm. Finally, the modeling was fully illustrated on cervical cancer data sets.
Uma abordagem para predição da estabilidade transitória em sistemas elétricos de potência a partir de redes neurais artificiais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-10-22)
Mancini, Gabriel
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Fernandes, Ricardo Augusto Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0880243208789454
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Fernandes, Tatiane Cristina da Costa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2590102586758022
In an electrical network, the assessment and prediction of dynamic safety are essential to avoid interruptions in the supply of electrical energy to consumers, in addition to ensuring that the system operates reliably. Regarding the transient security assessment, predicting the behavior of the electrical power system in the post-fault period within a short time interval is essential so that preventive and, if necessary, corrective actions are taken. Traditionally, in the planning and operation of an electrical network, this study can be developed through the numerical solution of nonlinear differential equations, however, the accuracy of this analysis is limited by the capacity of representation of the model and the need for its constant updating. Considering the operation of power systems nowadays, with a continuous increase in load demand as well as the participation of energy generation sources with intermittent characteristics, this task has become increasingly challenging, increasing the degree of complexity of the mathematical model. On the other hand, the improvement of phasor measurement systems boosts the use of machine learning techniques to predict the status of the transient stability of an electrical network, among which neural networks have stood out. In view of this, the present work aims to investigate the use of artificial neural networks to predict transient stability in an electrical power system through measurements that can be easily measured by phasor measurement units, such as magnitude and voltage angle of the buses. In the proposed structure, the smallest number of measurement cycles necessary to perform the prediction is investigated, so that the behavior of the system (stable or unstable) is identified in the shortest possible time, helping the operator to make a decision. The results obtained in the IEEE 68 bus system show the efficiency of the predictor, which obtained an accuracy of 97.5% in the classification from 6 consecutive cycles of measuring the system response. When only 1 measurement cycle was provided to the predictor, a high accuracy is also achieved 96.1 % by the proposed methodology.
Predição de carga de energia elétrica no Brasil utilizando técnicas de Deep Learning
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-10-22)
Cunha, Leticia Amaral da
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Suetake, Marcelo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8630323559353535
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Inoue, Roberto Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6221209121565990
The open electricity market has stood out for being a competitive and dynamic way of trading an asset that was previously restricted to passive consumption. The freedom of negotiation provided to the participants of this market makes the prediction of its price, as well as the factors that affect it, extremely important. The purpose of this study is to develop three models based on different techniques of recurrent artificial neural networks and their comparative analysis. For this, the LSTM Feed Forward, LSTM bidirectional and GRU architectures must be applied to each of the time series explored. Average electric energy load data from the Brazilian free energy market between the years 2011 to 2021 are applied as an input for training, validation and testing processes. For the evaluation of the results, metrics of wide application were used, such as mean square error and mean absolute percentage error. The analysis of the models verifies the performance of the applied techniques, as well as possible causes for the performance of the established metrics. The results showed the bidirectional LSTM and GRU types as viable modeling results
Adolescentes, redes sociais e educação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-10-24)
Peres Júnior, João Carlos
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Sant'Ana, Izabella Mendes
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lattes.cnpq.br/7860235863062183
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1268634528979112
This work aims to address the relationship between adolescence, social networks and education, considering the impacts that social networks can have on the lives of these developing individuals. focusing on changes in communication from the evolution of information and communication technologies; b) approach the teenager today and virtual social relationships, and c) explain the relationship between social networks and the educational area. For this, a narrative review was carried out on the subject, in which studies were identified in the scientific literature in areas of knowledge that address adolescence, especially the Human Sciences and Education. Initially, aspects that conceptualize what the internet and social networks are are focused, as well as the changes in social communication that occurred with the advent of these social networks. Next, adolescents in the 21st century are approached in the face of changes imposed by virtual social relationships, including aspects related to bullying and cyberbullying. Subsequently, it deals with the use of social networks and their relationship with the lives of adolescents and with Education. It is argued that social networks provided the creation of channels of communication, interaction and approximation between people, especially adolescents, but they can also influence processes of illness, exclusion and lack of commitment to life in society. In this sense, networks need to be used consciously and responsibly to ensure respect for people and social coexistence. In addition, it is considered that technologies are means that can be used in learning as long as the use is made within certain limits and pedagogical proposals configured according to the objectives of each educational institution.
Ingestão plástica em aves marinhas necropsiadas pelo Projeto de Monitoramento de Praias da Bacia de Santos (PMP-BS)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-10-24)
Caetano, Pedro Baes
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Roman, Lauren
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Montoya, Carolina Reigada
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5171685489598372
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5921753550609252
Plastic pollution is a problem that affects the world's oceans and is increasing over time, being recognized as a new environmental crisis. It is known that seabirds are an extremely threatened group of birds by many natural and anthropogenic threats, and they ingest plastic in a comprehensive way between species, suffering direct and indirect impacts. These species allow the assessment of plastic pollution in the open ocean. Monitoring approaches based on this have been implemented around the world, providing robust data to evaluate pollution over time and to inform policies to tackle plastic pollution. On the other hand, in Brazil, there is a delay in dealing with the issue, being considered one of the main polluters of the South Atlantic. From this, the present study used a database from the daily and uninterrupted monitoring of seabirds stranded on the South and the Southeast Brazilian coast and necropsy records by the Projeto de Monitoramento de Praias da Bacia de Santos (Beach Monitoring Program of Santos Basin, PMP-BS) to understand how the species that occur in Brazil are related to plastic pollution and being impacted along with other anthropic disturbances, to ultimately designate potential bioindicator species. A new diagnosis of marine species ingesting plastic is provided, with 8 new records (3 seabirds and 5 shorebirds). An increase in reports of plastic ingested by birds was identified between 2017 and 2020 and the main causes of death and anthropic impact (fishing, plastic ingestion, and oiling) and vulnerable species were diagnosed. Plastic is also seen to potentially influence causes of death related to starvation, a secondary effect of plastic ingestion when not a direct cause. From this, we discussed species of seabirds to be considered as bioindicators in Brazil.
Gramáticas Pedagógicas para o ensino de PLE: uma reflexão a partir do objeto indireto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-10-24)
Chamorro, Rebeca Wiezel
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Yokota, Rosa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9230517686993400
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8534943642853369
This research aimed to analyze Portuguese as a Foreign Language (PFL) textbooks grammars, focusing on the teaching aspects of the indirect object (IO) construction in Brazilian Portuguese (BP). The research presented is an exploratory-inductive study, with a qualitative paradigm, documentary nature and descriptive methodological basis, based on the perspective of grammar and language learning argued by Batstone (1994) and Larsen-Freeman (2003). Four PFL’s grammars were analyzed with publications made between 2010 and 2020. This investigation was based on studies that define the categories of Teaching Materials (TOMLINSON 2013; BROWN, 1994, LUCAS, 2016) and a brief historical background on some methodological trends of foreign language teaching. Finally, we built a characterization of the pronominal constructions of IO in BP through portuguese grammars and descriptive linguistic studies (CUNHA; CINTRA, 2001; BECHARA, 2009; CASTILHO, 2010; BERLINCK, 1996; MORAIS; BERLINCK, 2006; 2007). For the organization and analysis of data, 3 categories were elaborated: CAT. A - Elements of organization of the textbooks; CAT. B – Category sort and methodology references from the textbooks. C - Teaching procedures based on IO grammar content. The purpose of the categories is to make a diagnosis of how teaching about IO has been done in grammar textbooks of PFL. The results of this analysis indicate that there are factors such as: the teaching material category, the methodology foundation adopted by the material, the grammar and language perspective, which directly influence the grammar approach in PFL grammar textbooks that need to be known by educators and students for a better use these teaching materials. The data also indicate that, when opting for the non-systematization of grammar, many materials end up resorting to traditional normative classifications of BP that are unable to explain all occurrences of the verbal complementation of IO (CANÇADO; AMARAL, 2016). We sought to collaborate with a broader understanding of the possibilities of grammar teaching in grammar textbooks of PFL, in addition to verify, through analysis, how the content is being approached in materials that seek to explicitly explain the grammar of BP for foreigners.
Uma proposta de metodologia do ensino de filosofia acerca do pensamento kierkegaardiano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-10-24)
Oliveira, Cristian Ribeiro de
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Maamari, Adriana Mattar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5707827597161294
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9853505003458683
To develop a critical, creative and autonomous citizen based on reflective thinking, this is the challenge that we propose in the present work, following the Kierkegaardian philosophy and seeking to dialogue with premises that encompass the existentialist philosophy and passing with considerable emphasis on the pedagogy of Paulo Freire. We chose to face the challenge of thinking about an education that aims at the construction and effectiveness of subjectivity in a process of humanization of the individual, where the edification must happen inside each existing one in the midst of its relationship with the world. We were able to achieve our goals, namely, to think about the possibility of working with Kierkegaardian thinking on the ground of the Brazilian basic education classroom, promoting constant dialogue with the contemporary educational urgency that should promote a critical awakening in the student class through existential philosophy. Within this conception, the impossibility of impartial education was proved, given that the educator must take a stand on the difficult task of being both a master and an apprentice. To think about an education that really has an effective commitment to the subjectivity of each existing, with the ethical transformation of society and the edification of people. Finally, the present work evokes the need to think about an education that has as its main objective the construction of authenticity and, consequently, the development of a critical, ethical and political conscience of people, allowing them to understand the possibility they have to change the directions of society and thus create culture.
Agricultores no Vale do Paraíba (SP): entre a produção e o consumo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-10-24)
Benjamim-Vieira, Camila
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Martins, Rodrigo Constante
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6617183095074852
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5318612038237337
Las descripciones encontradas en la literatura brasileña sobre cómo las poblaciones rurales se organizaban para obtener alimentos, y así sus formas de vida, mostraron una alimentación basada en una economía de subsistencia, que correspondería al cultivo, a la recolección y a la caza. Esa dieta cambió con el avance de la agroindustrialización y de todos los campos que ella movilizó, ganando la atención de los investigadores que se enfocan en sus resistencias y modificaciones. La reemergencia de productos “de la tierra” y de la producción para el autoconsumo como estrategia de seguridad alimenticia y de reproducción familiar ya está en evidencia desde hace mucho. Esta tésis se desarrolla en este contexto, cuyo objetivo es analizar sociológicamente cómo los agricultores se mueven entre la producción y el consumo de alimentos. Con base en la sociología reflexiva de Bourdieu y su metodología cualitativa, la investigación de campo se hizo en Vale do Paraíba (SP) a través de revisión de literatura, observación etnográfica, entrevistas semiestructuradas y consultas a bases de datos secundarias. El análisis permitió concluir que las estrategias de producción y consumo de alimentos de los agentes rurales se ubican entre múltiples variables, enfatizando el contexto histórico local, la estructura sociopolítica, la composición del capital y de la familia, lo que permite afirmar que las opciones productivas no se limitan al ámbito económico, como tampoco las elecciones alimentarias no son puramente individuales, pues se mueven entre los límites del Campo de posibilidades de las familias, al igual que se mueven entre los espacios sociales como productores/consumidores.
Processos Educativos do Centro de Culturas Indígenas: indiagem, acolhimento, desafio e conquista na Universidade Federal de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-10-24)
Aquino Pereira, Marcos José de
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Oliveira, Maria Waldenez de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3404769527869004
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7574204713367606
Yepé turusú yukuasá ĩdiginaitá yũbuesá ruka upé yaseruka wá kuiri Brasil uyumuyukuá piri mukuĩ pu muyupirusá 2000 akayú riré, nhã indiginaita yumuatiri resewara ripiká asui mairamẽ uyupirú yumunhãsá musuãtisara. Kuá uyumuturusúsá yupapaiwa ũba wera uyukuá uyereri yumbuasara yawé uyumukiriari arãma mã inidígina takuásá ikuara upé, uymukamẽ arã yane mirasáita kuasáwa papera upé asui kua uyũbuéwaita taiku tawiké arama mayé ta mirasá rupi, asui maã ta putariwaá asui tapurandúsá wera waá. Nhã irũ, siiya mãmasáita, purandusáita, ta uyumuyukuá mairamã taikuã yũbuesa kuara upé rameã taiku, uyumuatiri panhẽ nhãita kuximawara waitá kuera aikué yumuramunhã panhẽ ta mirasáita rupi, aápe tarasúte ta sikari mayé tamunhã yumuatirisá asui awá ta upisiru arã aĩta nhã munhãsaita mira a supé, mayé kuá mamẽ yamunhãwa yané kitiwara UFSCar pura (CCI). Kuá usikaisáukuá CCI pura ta irũ usikari umukamẽ, taikusá rupi, ta uyũbuesaikú rupí aikué waá aápeurikú arãté upisirú yepewasú yumuramunhã upé asui umunhã arã tairum mukamẽsá rãgá, munhãsá asui mayé ta tamukaturu arã kua tauyũbuéwa, tamanduari arã sesé kua kuiri wara muramũnhasá nhã mukamẽsa mayé uyumunhãrã kuá peénũgara sãtáarama uande taruaxara kuá kuxima suiwara wáitá tamunã puxuwera nhandearã, mukamẽsá kuximawara wa yawé, mayé yaikusá yakuasárupi, yane mirasáita kitiwara asui yaikúsá purãga, mamẽ yamukamẽ yaparawaka wá ya usari arã yané anãmaitá umuhã wa. Mayé uyumunhã panhẽ awairũ, uriku te umukamẽ mayé kuri santa yandé, yasikai arã mayéta yamunhã yane kiiwararupi, tehêy, pinaitikasá mãnduarisara, umukamewa payẽ maye munhãsaitá tamunhãwa taiku kuiri, mayé kua usikaisáukuá uyumunhã muatirisáupé, purandusáupé asui yamaãsá rupi yawéarã yariku kuá mukamẽsá. Ásuiwára tayukuá kuá mutirikasáitá: A- Ĩdiagi, B- Musuãtisara asui C – Yamunhãnawaita asui iwasusawaitá, umukamẽ waitá maye ta uyũbuesaikú rupí yane kitiwara aikué wa uiku CCI upé, mukũi mãmãsáita upé: yũbuesáita ĩdiginaita pãtu asui nhã ti waitá indígena, mãamẽ ta yumbuéwa asui tamukamẽ takitiwara ta mirasaita ukuasá, nhã maye tawasemu tamukamẽ ara ki akué aĩta aápe, asui mayé taiku arã nhã yũbuesá ruka upé asui sukara upé.
Expressão recombinante e ensaios de atividade de duas thaumatin-like proteins do Maqui (Aristotelia chilensis)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-10-24)
Matuhara, Yan Eiji
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Silva, Flávio Henrique da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1757309852446263
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0423269209507957
Thaumatin-like Proteins (TLP) are members of the Pathogenesis-Related Proteins family 5 (PR-5), and are present in fungi, plants and invertebrates. In plants, these proteins are involved both in the host’s defense, often associated with antifungal properties, and in the regulation of physiological processes, such as floration or fruit maturation. Maqui (Aristotelia chilensis) is a plant native to South America and intimately related to Chile, being used in the food industry and traditional medicine of the chilean culture. Lately, this plant has received the title of “Superfruit” because of its high anthocyanin content. Since this is a species that has recently gained the spotlight, the prospect for the biotechnological potential of its proteins is still limited. Therefore, this work consisted in the identification, heterologous expression and activity assays of TLP from Maqui. From the transcriptome of the plant cultivated in Temporary Immersion Bioreactors, four sequences were identified, of which two were obtained by cDNA amplification. These were cloned in the expression vector pPICZɑA for the recombinant production in Pichia pastoris expression system. The purified proteins were submitted to assays of β-1,3-Glucanase, inhibition of fungal hyphae growth, osmotic stress tolerance and permeabilization of yeast plasmatic membrane. The results suggest that the TLP from Maqui are capable of hydrolyzing β-glucans and also able to permeabilize Pichia pastoris plasmatic membrane, although they did not show any inhibition on the growth of fungal hyphae or increased the host’s osmotic stress tolerance.
Comportamento de blocos estruturais de concreto com diferentes agregados sob altas temperaturas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-10-24)
Medeiros, Wallison Angelim
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Parsekian, Guilherme Aris
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Moreno Junior, Armando Lopes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5216412123239986
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7798651726059215
Comportamento de blocos estruturais de concreto com diferentes agregados sob altas temperaturas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-10-24)
Medeiros, Wallison Angelim
;
Moreno Júnior, Armando Lopes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5004049383694261
;
Parsekian, Guilherme Aris
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7798651726059215
The present work aims to investigate, in laboratory, of structural concrete blocks submitted to high temperatures to contribute with relevant information for the design of structural masonry in a fire situation. Since Brazil still does not have a national standard for masonry design in a fire situation, a first study was carried out, applying international standards for the Brazilian context. However, this approach must be carried out with caution, as there are significant differences in materials and procedures in civil construction in each country. In the second study, knowing that the material present in the hollow concrete blocks has, due to its geometry and manufacturing process, intrinsic properties that differ from the wet cast concrete material, a methodology is developed to evaluate and obtain, in laboratory, of the mechanical resistance of concrete blocks under high temperatures in a more adequate way. Then, in a third study, the thermal and physical properties of dry vibrated concrete, consisting of different types of coarse aggregate (basalt, limestone, and gneiss) and three different strength classes of blocks (6, 12 and 24 MPa) are investigated; comparing and evaluating the similarities and differences with wet cast concrete. The particularities of dry concrete used in the manufacture of masonry blocks showed significant differences in some analyzes due to their peculiarities in terms of porosity, humidity, density, etc. Based on the methodology properly developed to evaluate hollow concrete blocks, a fourth study was carried out to evaluate the influence that the type of coarse aggregate and the resistance class of the blocks, after heating, exert on the residual mechanical strength. It was observed that the mechanical behavior of hollow concrete blocks differs, to a certain degree, from the residual mechanical behavior found in the literature for wet cast concrete. Hollow concrete blocks tend to maintain compressive strength from room temperature to higher temperatures, 300°C for siliceous aggregates and 400°C for limestone aggregates. With the parameters obtained in the previous phases of the study, which served as a starting point in the approach of thermal models, in the fifth study, it was possible to determine isotherms of the concrete blocks by numerical models calibrated from experimental results. In this way, a numerical approach to verify in a simplified way the resistance of concrete blocks in fire situation by analytical method is presented. The data and analyzes reported on methodology, residual thermal and mechanical properties of hollow concrete blocks produced from a concrete mixture of very dry consistency, vibro-pressed and with normal weight aggregates, are new and unprecedented to enable the understanding of the behavior of Brazilian blocks and guide future research.
Electromagnetically induced transparency under effects of light-mediated interactions, entanglement generation, and Fock states detection
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-10-25)
Oliveira, Murilo Henrique de
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Villas-Bôas, Celso Jorge
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5700887540085418
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7635532484317309
This thesis presents a brief compilation of the works developed during my doctorate, and can be divided basically into three main parts. In the first one, we show the changes caused by considering long-range interactions mediated by light in the phenomenon of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). We also show how these interactions can negatively impact population transfer through a stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) process, which may imply a technical limitation for EIT-based quantum memories, as the density and optical thickness of the samples have been increasing in recent experiments to obtain better efficiencies. In the second part, we propose two new schemes to generate highly entangled states in a system of two non-degenerate qubits coupled to a common bosonic mode, in both of which we use an EIT analogue to better understand and interpret the physics of the system. The first method relies on the injection of energy into the mode through a coherent pump to prevent the mode from decaying to vacuum, and under a certain parameter regime, we show that it is possible to obtain a maximally entangled steady state. In the second method, we transfer the population to the maximally entangled state through a STIRAP-like process. In the third and last part, we present a new idea for single-shot measurements of Fock states using the Autler-Townes effect, where two methods are proposed: both a destructive and a non-destructive one. The results presented were obtained from the experimental implementation of this scheme in a system of trapped ions, for measurements of phonon number states.
O teletrabalho docente na cultura digital e o direito à desconexão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-10-25)
Oliveira, Ricardo Nascimento de
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Mill, Daniel Ribeiro Silva
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1515286597269486
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7117414340148663
This research aims to investigate the consequences of teaching telework in the context of digital culture in the light of changes in the Brazilian labor legislation. The intensive use of digital technologies and mobile telecommunication devices has changed life in society, with repercussions on work. This transformation particularly affected the working hours, form and place of work of professors who carry out non-face-to-face activities. Based on a bibliographical survey, on Brazilian legislation, on the Labor Code of Portugal, on Comparative Law and International Human Rights Law standards, the general objective is to analyze, in the context of teaching telework made possible by digital technologies, how are the boundaries between the teacher's professional and personal life. In pursuit of this general objective, five specific objectives were considered: to draw an overview of the transformations in the working hours of teaching teleworkers in the graphocentric digital society of the 21st century; to analyze the factual and legal contours of the phenomenon of invasion of the privacy of teaching teleworkers through work, through TDIC, as well as to observe how their periods of non-work are going (especially in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic); to analyze the repercussions of the teaching telework situation regarding the load of professional activities and the right to disconnect; to map the rights and duties of teachers, in a situation of telework, within the graphocentric digital society, with regard to the folding of time and space (ubiquity) and the working day (flexibilization, precariousness); draw a comparative profile of the regulation of teaching telework in Brazilian legislation, post-labor reform (Law 13,467, of July 13, 2017), with the Portuguese one (Labor Code), making incursions in Comparative Law and International Human Rights Law, aiming to investigate the improvements that can be made in the national legislation. With regard to methodology, a general literature review was carried out, field research was carried out, using a questionnaire (with objective and open questions) and semi-structured interviews with the participating professors, analyzing the data qualitatively and quantitatively. Documentary analysis of normative texts of International Human Rights Law was also produced, as well as comparative law, covering Brazilian, Portuguese, French, Argentinean, Chilean law. Due to telework and ubiquity, precarious rights are observed, as opposed to promises and real benefits. As a result of the work, it is recommended the inclusion of the right to disconnection in the country's legislation, the implementation of public policies to raise class awareness in favor of better working conditions for teachers, as well as the establishment of equal rights, especially in regarding the workday, between face-to-face workers and teaching teleworkers.
Análise toxicológica da nanopartícula de óxido de ferro misto (NP Fe3O4) com ligantes de sulfonato de sódio (SO3)-Na+): in vitro e in vivo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-10-25)
Feitosa, Karina Alves
;
Anibal, Fernanda de Freitas
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4918261968772806
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1711011967064666
Known for their biocompatible potential and magnetic property, iron oxide nanoparticles are the target of several studies for different applications. However, the synthesis of new nanoparticles with different physicochemical characteristics leads to unknown biological interactions that may pose health risks to their manipulators. In this study, the mixed iron oxide nanoparticle (Fe3O4 NP) with sodium (SO3)-Na+) sulfonate ligands, of interest in the energy sector, was evaluated through nanotoxicological aspects. Initially, morphological, chemical, and physical characterization of the Fe3O4 NP was performed using SEM-FEG (High-Resolution Scanning Electron Microscopy), DLS (Dynamic Light Scattering), Zeta Potential, UV-Vis (Ultraviolet-Visible Absorption Spectroscopy) and ATR-FTIR (Fourier Transform Attenuated Total Reflection Infrared Spectroscopy) techniques. For the in vitro experiments, different concentrations of Fe3O4 NP (250; 100 and 50 μg/mL) were analyzed against murine fibroblasts (LA-9) in periods of 24, 48 and 72h. Thus, its cytotoxic potential was established through analysis of mitochondrial function (MTT), morphological changes and cell internalization (Prussian Blue), production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), Nitric Oxide (NO) (Griess reaction), cytokines (IL-6 and TNF), determination of cell death (flow cytometry) and analysis of clonogenic potential on the 7th day after exposure. For the in vivo experiments, mice (BALB/c) were divided into 5 experimental groups (100; 50; 25 and 10 mg/Kg of Fe3O4 NP) and were intraperitoneally exposed to 4 doses over 14 days, and the toxicity of repeated doses was evaluated. Indicative signs of toxicity, hematological parameters (overall and differential leukocyte count), liver function analyses (TGO and TGP), quantification of cytokines (IFN-ˠ; TNF; IL-6 and IL-10) and histological analysis of the organs, heart, lung, liver, spleen and kidneys were evaluated. The results showed that Fe3O4 NP has a circular shape, with heterogeneous particle distribution, compacted and agglomerate formation. There was the internalization of Fe3O4 NP for all concentrations tested in vitro (250, 50 and 100 μg/mL) in a time/dependent manner. However, the increase in ROS occurred only for the 250 μg/mL concentration. Moreover, it is suggested that this same concentration triggered a senescence process in fibroblasts (LA-9), due to the low cellular metabolism and consequent reduction in colony formation within seven days. All concentrations tested during in vivo experimentation (100; 50; 25 and 10 mg/Kg) promoted damage to mouse organs, especially to the liver. There was activation of the immune system through the production of leukocytes and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Our results contribute to the knowledge about the toxicology of iron oxide nanoparticles, demonstrating the importance of analyses in longer periods after exposure. Keywords: Nanotoxicology; Inflammation; BALB/c; LA-9; Histology; Senescence.
Ensino de autocuidados para docentes em tempos de pandemia da Covid-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-10-25)
Soares, Caroline Fernanda
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Carmo, João dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1263046410329694
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9068652218632978
This study verified the effects of online self-care intervention on the well-being of elementary school teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the pre-test, the Lipp Stress Symptoms Inventory for Adults (ISSL), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the WHO quality of life instrument (WHOQOL-bref) were applied. The intervention consisted of a stress management workshop, with relaxation techniques and daily self-care. Post-test and follow-up involved reapplying the pre-test, immediately after the intervention and three months later, respectively. The group and individual results pointed to a reduction in stress and anxiety levels, expressing the importance of intervention studies that aim at the well-being of the teaching category, exploring various techniques and methods, and that consider the effects that the COVID-19 pandemic may have caused in the short, medium and long term.
Práticas educativas no ensino de Ciências realizadas no âmbito do PIBID: possibilidades e expectativas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-10-26)
Rosalin, Ana Carolina
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Furlan, Elaine Gomes Matheus
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3179865576965852
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Faria, Paulo Cezar de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3630521378837174
The Institutional Scholarship Program for Teaching Initiation (PIBID) emerged as an initiative to improve and enhance teacher training for basic education, establishing a partnership between Higher Education Institutions and Basic Education schools in the public education network. . Currently, the program is the subject of numerous studies that seek to highlight its importance in the initial training process; however, few works deal with the importance and relevance of the practices adopted by PIBID in Basic Education, more specifically in Science Teaching. This research has the general objective of identifying, in theses and dissertations, the educational practices in Science teaching carried out within the scope of PIBID. In this sense, we seek to answer the following research questions: “What practices are prioritized by PIBID in the area of Science teaching? Where do they occur? How do they occur? The pedagogical practices adopted by PIBID, in Science teaching, mostly fit into which pedagogical models?” The present work uses a qualitative approach, where new information was produced regarding practices in the context of PIBID. It is a descriptive research, because it describes the facts and phenomena of the reality in which the educational practices in the teaching of Sciences carried out within the scope of PIBID are inserted. As for the procedures, it is a bibliographical research, using theses and dissertations as a source of data. The data obtained from reading the dissertations and theses were treated using Discursive Textual Analysis (DTA), as it allows understanding the meanings that the participants have about the aspects under study. We analyzed 16 works (13 dissertations and 3 theses) that showed the following aspects: the fulfillment of the current demands of science teaching by PIBID, in joint work with the school; the possibility for scholarship holders to follow everyday school situations and reflect on them based on discussions that emerge at the university; the possibility of continuing education by supervising professors, through activities developed by pibidians, which can provide theoretical subsidies and arouse interest on the part of supervising professors to incorporate them into their practices, in addition to the possibility of incorporating alternatives for teaching the contents proposed in the day-to-day activities of supervising professors, thus producing a positive and collaborative impact.
As Fundações de Amparo à Pesquisa (FAPs) e o desenvolvimento da CT&I na região Norte
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-10-26)
Santos, Josiane dos
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Kerbauy, Maria Teresa Miceli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4762029784021248
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5492019768945326
The state funding agencies, the Research Support Foundations (FAPs, abbreviation in portuguese) are institutions of financial support for regional scientific research, collaborae with the regional scientific system and with the decentralization of resources to science, technology and innovation (ST&I). The implementation of FAPs in the North region is recent, starting in the 2000s, most of them at the end of this decade. In Amazonas and Pará, FAPs were instituted in 2003 and 2007, respectively. In the other states of the North region, between 2009 - some operating from 2013 - and 2022, the state agency funding ST&I in Roraima, the last FAP created in Brazil. The FAPs make available, among their actions, the funding programs to support regional ST&I. This research investigates how FAPs act in the region and how their funding programs encourage local scientific development. The study describes and analyses the administrative characteristics, the management models and the interests (explicit or not) of the state funding agencies of the North region, these items direct the formulation and purposes of its ST&I promotion programs. It also analyzes the characteristics and purposes of these development programs. The fostering programs analyzed refer to edicts published at three moments: in the first year of operation of each FAP; in 2015; and in 2019. They are framed into four lines of promotion: human resource training (masters and doctors) and institutional support to post-graduate programs; strengthening of research institutions (infrastructure and personnel); research networks in the region; and regional themes. The institutional situation of some FAPs remains almost unchanged in comparison with the beginning of their activities and the current moment: insufficient staff to meet the institutional demands; consecutive budget cuts; and state government measures that interfere with management and operation. The FAPs of Amazonas and Pará have more institutional strength compared to the others, they are also the states with more scientific institutions, i.e. greater representation of the scientific community. The FAPs, as well as decentralisation, have as their objectives the collaboration in the construction of the local scientific agenda. In this sense, research agendas are constructed through dialogues with local scientific actors - represented by the members of the Superior Boards - and the demands of the political actors are designed in the local government plans for the scientific area. As a polysemic word, development has different meanings for each individual, and this is the challenge when promoting it: to conciliate collective interests.
A etnografia da “batalha” contra a tradição, a feitiçaria e os espíritos dos ancestrais entre os evangélicos de Maputo, Moçambique
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-10-27)
Tivane, Fernando Félix
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Lanna, Marcos Pazzanese Duarte
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8355559441138016
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3364180835410062
This thesis explores, ethnographically, the meanings of “Christian born-again” and self-giving among pentecostal in Maputo, the capital of Mozambique. It argues that the pentecostal churches in Mozambique are encompassed by “traditional” practices (always associated with witchcraft and sorcery), which they fight daily, as they cause diseases and other afflictions in the lives of the faithful. This struggle, waged by the pentecostal churches, far from being a new phenomenon, it constitutes a continuation of a war once fought by the post-independence Mozambican socialist state under the leadership of the Frelimo Party, within the scope of the project of invention of the Homem Novo. In fact, there is an analogy between the Homem Novo of Frelimo socialism and the “born-again man” of pentecostal Christianity. This thesis was carried out from a qualitative approach and concludes that both the post-independence Mozambican state and the pentecostal churches are institutions encompassed by these “traditional” practices that they claim to fight.