Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2023-02-02"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 8 de 8

Terceira idade, redes sociais digitais e política: o papel das redes sociais digitais na decisão política da terceira idade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-02) Brassoloto, Matheus Palumbo; Iasulaitis, Sylvia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4226275371443693; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3526-1003
In this study we investigated the impact of virtual social networks, such as Facebook and WhatsApp, on the elderly and how this influences their political perspectives. Seniors are a significant part of the population, and they often face challenges when using these platforms due to unfamiliarity with technology and other barriers. Our objectives included a comprehensive review of the literature on technology, seniors, politics and social media, identifying the obstacles that older people face on social media and analyzing usage patterns, types of interactions and shared content. We explore how older people apply the heuristic model when accessing political information on social media and evaluate the impact of this information on their political perspectives, as well as the effect of fake news and misinformation. We used a comprehensive methodology, combining theoretical review with a questionnaire applied to 64 elderly people. The results revealed that the third Age is quickly adapting to digital technology, with internet and cell phone access widespread. Both WhatsApp and Facebook play essential roles in their lives, being used for social connections and obtaining information. Platforms such as WhatsApp exert significant influence on the political decisions of older people, with family groups playing a crucial role in disseminating political information. We conclude that the relationship between the elderly, virtual social networks and politics is evident and evolving, and we must face challenges related to the dissemination of unverified information and promote digital literacy are crucial to ensure informed and inclusive political participation of those elderly people in the digital age. We recommend future studies to deepen our understanding of these ever-evolving dynamics.
Trajetorias: um conjunto de dados ambientais, epidemiológicos e indicadores econômicos para a Amazônia brasileira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-02) Rorato, Ana Claudia; Dal'Asta, Ana Paula; Lana, Raquel Martins; Santos, Ricardo Bruno Nascimento dos; Escada, Maria Isabel Sobral; Vogt, Camila de Moura; Neves, Tatiana Campos; Barbosa, Milton; Andreazzi, Cecilia Siliansky de; Reis, Izabel Cristina dos; Fernandes, Danilo Araujo; Souza, Anielli Rosane de; Monteiro, Antonio Miguel Vieira; Codeço, Cláudia Torres; Silva-Nunes, Mônica da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9035132783411687; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8407302694962257; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2518752229392005; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3685339264701382; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9947670889009026; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5931551158048124; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0367313068792605; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1070312160270046; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7344032911778389; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5912024067464378; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2839366380149639; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5180108615629613; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5548874445110156; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0654596992211296; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1929576902623348
The Trajetorias dataset is a harmonized set of environmental, epidemiological, and poverty indicators for all municipalities of the Brazilian Legal Amazon (BLA). This dataset is the result of a scientific synthesis research initiative conducted by scientists from several natural and social sciences fields, consolidating multidisciplinary indicators into a coherent dataset for integrated and interdisciplinary studies of the Brazilian Amazon. The dataset allows the investigation of the association between the Amazonian agrarian systems and their impacts on environmental and epidemiological changes, furthermore enhancing the possibilities for understanding, in a more integrated and consistent way, the scenarios that affect the Amazonian biome and its inhabitants.
Gestão do cuidado de enfermagem em pediatria: desenvolvimento e avaliação de protótipo de aplicativo baseado na filosofia Lean Healthcare
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-02) Cicogna, Elizelaine de Chico; Zem-Mascarenhas, Silvia Helena; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0185144417072417; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0486229069767297
Understood as a great encouragement to the quality of life of the population, the evaluation of the quality of the health service has been highlighted among the themes of global importance. Essential for the success of health management, knowledge of the service supports the decision-making process, and this can be obtained through indicators. Continuous measurement leads to the development of indicators that allow evaluating the performance of health services. From the observation of the processes based on activities that reflect the quality of the service, the manager optimizes his resources and increases the efficiency and quality of the service. Having Lean Healthcare and its principles and values as a theoretical framework, the objective of this thesis was to develop and evaluate an application model based on Lean Healthcare principles for the management of nursing care in a pediatric hospital unit. Developed from the Power Apps® platform for mobile devices and considering the particularities of the pediatric unit under study, the prototype application called Cronoanálise & Indicadores da Assistência (C&IA) allowed professionals to online record the activities and times of nursing care. From a Power BI® panel, the assistance information will allow monitoring of all occurrences in the unit, thus allowing the manager to have privileges to intervene just-in-time. Data collection and evaluation in the pediatric unit were carried out between the period of Nov/23/2022 thru Dec/05/2022 with 18 nursing professionals. In its results made available in Power BI®, information was transmitted about the care dynamics, indicators, processes, and workload considering the context, the team, and the assisted client. After using the application in the pediatric unit, between Dec/05/2022 and Dec/30/2022, the C&IA went through other expectations planned in the usability instruments (System Usability Scale - SUS), quality (Software Quality) and recommendation (Net Promoter System – NPS). All estimates made by 11 managers of pediatric health services and nursing professionals at the pediatric unit ended with approval rates among the evaluators, with the C&IA being recommended by the managers. The use of information technology has shown that it can contribute to the advancement of knowledge and an automated system can direct nursing practice towards actions directly to the patient. In this way, investing and promoting a team after knowing its skills and needs, considering the context and the public to which this assistance is provided, is to guarantee efficiency to the main actions of the team and, consequently, seek, in continuous improvement, guarantees for the quality of care of nursing.
Caracterização parcial e imobilização covalente da Neutrase® comercial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-02) Manzolli, Bruna Luiza de Jesus; Novo-Mansur, Maria Teresa Marques; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1198926223396748; Monti, Rubens; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5962867835836749; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3652881556946374
The use of enzymes as agents for modifying the functional properties of proteins has been widespread, mainly in the food industry. One of the most studied groups for this purpose are the proteases. Proteases are responsible for breaking peptide bonds between amino acids in proteins, producing smaller peptides and functional free amino acids. The use of the Neutrase® enzyme is explained by the fact that it is a protease that hydrolyses whey proteins, a highly polluting by-product and, most of the time, discarded in the dairy industries, aiming at obtaining derivatives with better functional properties. The general objective of this work was to partially characterize the crude extract of commercial Neutrase® derived from a Bacillus sp. The results obtained showed in the first enzymatic assay of free neutrase, its activity, determined through spectrophotometric analysis, was 27.9 U/mL. The total protein dosage found in the assay resulted in a value of 0.94 mg/mL. At the optimal activity temperature, 55 °C, the protease remained stable for a few hours. In addition, with the use of metallic ions, a characteristic of the existence of metalloproteases in the extract was observed. Regarding covalent immobilization, two supports were tested and the activity values of the Neutrase-Glyoxyl-Cob Corn (NGSM) and Neutrase Glyoxyl-Agarose (NGA) derivatives were 1.04 U/g and 1.15U/g, respectively. In addition to immobilization yields below expectations, unsatisfactory values for the methodology used. Despite this, future studies with other types of immobilization and functionalization of the support may favor the hydrolytic activity of the enzyme, a fact that still makes it a possible potential for new industrial applications.
Evolução e morfologia comparativa dos pés em aranhas Mygalomorphae e raptoriais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-02) Caetano, Carolina de Almeida; Labarque, Facundo Martín; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7227934929457482; Fusari, Lívia Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4951378712238107; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2132147716831527
Spiders are among the most diverse animals on the planet and have developed different morphological and behavioral characteristics for capturing prey. Recently, it has been suggested that the microstructures of spiders' feet could reflect their way of capturing prey. Mygalomorphae composes one of the first clades of spiders to branch, with more than 3000 known species, with the microstructures of the feet little studied, but with well-defined and diverse hunting behaviors. Another group of spiders little studied regarding foot morphology and hunting behavior are those with raptorial foot configuration. We studied the anatomy and functionality of Mygalomorphae and raptorial spider feet using 3D reconstruction modeling, scanning electron microscopy, and light microscopy. Evolutionary reconstruction of Mygalomorphae foot features using a composite tree of spiders indicated (1) that they exhibit two character states for the metatarsal-tarsal joint, (2) a putative evolutionary novelty with two pairs of foot sensilla in two rows, (3) another possible synapomorphy in Theraphosoidina is the morphology of the subungual tufted plates that are partially separated from the tarsus by a dorsal suture. In the case of spiders with raptorial feet, evolutionary reconstruction of their features indicated that similar traits arose three times independently in Trogloraptoridae, Gradungulinae, and Doryonychus raptor (Tetragnathidae). The defining features of the raptorial feet are (1) a complex formed by the base of the elongated prolateral superior claw connected with the sclerotized ring of the pretarsus, with (2) the first pressing against the tarsus. This complex can even flex over (3) stout raptorial macrobristles forming a scaled-down version of a trapping basket on the tarsus to capture prey during hunting. Furthermore, our results show that taxa previously compared with raptorial spiders, Celaeniini (Araneidae) and Heterogriffus berlandi (Thomisidae), have other configurations of spider feet, lack the characteristics that distinguish raptorial feet, and lack the tarsal trapping basket. We also make predictions about the possible behavior of the aforementioned taxa that will need to be tested through observation of live specimens. We conclude that multiple tarsal morphological microstructures are required to define any spider foot and recommend a comprehensive assessment before asserting a foot configuration for any spider taxon.
Resíduos orgânicos naturais e biochars: produção de material com elevada capacidade adsortiva por metais potencialmente tóxicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-02) Rosa, Luana Maria Tavares; Waldman, Walter Ruggeri; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0616238673458322; Oliveira, Luciana Camargo de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6238603150964753; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2856818124202652
Waste management and the development of environmentally efficient alternatives are among the most discussed issues today. For a better understanding of the potential of different natural organic residues that do not always have a specific application, this work addresses three main objectives: to carry out a systematic review of the literature to evaluate the distribution of research carried out with a focus on the relationships between the conversion of natural organic residues in biochars and their interaction in the adsorption of potentially toxic metals (PTM); characterize and evaluate the adsorption capacity of Cd2+ and Pb2+ ions by different natural organic residues in natura and biochars; use an espresso coffee machine to extract humic substances (HS). The review carried out covered the period from 2002 to 2022 in the Scopus and Google Scholar databases, followed by simulations in VOSviewer. The natural organic residues and biochars were characterized in terms of organic matter, total metals and structurally by spectroscopic techniques in the infrared region by Fourier transform, nuclear magnetic resonance and diffusion ordinate, thermogravimetric analysis, spectrophotometry in the visible ultraviolet region, spectrometry fluorescence, pH, pHzpc, stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy analysis, which were submitted to adsorption tests. The HS extraction using an espresso machine was compared with the fractions obtained by the standard methodology described by the International Society of Humic Substances (IHSS). The results of the review showed that there was a deepening in the studies focused on the properties of biochars from different natural residues, with 35 residues being selected from which the experimental conditions favored the adsorption processes by PTM were verified. The characterization of in natura residues and their biochars made it possible to observe their heterogeneity and structural alterations after pyrolysis, allowing an increase in porosity and surface area that possibly favored the adsorption tests. For Cd2+ and Pb2+ ions, adsorption capacities of 3.8 mg g-1 and 4.5 mg g-1 were achieved in filter cake and eucalyptus sawdust biochars, respectively. The extraction of HS using the coffee machine allowed yields of up to 8.22% for the soluble fractions of HS and 90.90% for the poorly soluble fraction, and 15.57% for the soluble fractions of HS and 59, 01% for the poorly soluble fraction of HS, using the methodology proposed by the IHSS. The results obtained made it possible to highlight the growing progress of research aimed at mitigating the impacts caused by the inadequate disposal of natural organic waste, highlighting the possibilities of each natural organic waste and its biochars in the retention of PTM. Finally, the extractions carried out using an espresso coffee machine proved to be a viable alternative for the fractionation of HS, being able to contribute to its microscale extraction with applicability in studies on a laboratory scale and in didactic applications for teaching the properties of HS.
O barro espirra, respira e inspira: reflexões sobre o trabalho feminino na arte cerâmica de Icoaraci, Belém, Pará
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-02) Souza, Marzane Pinto de; Silva, Maria Aparecida de Moraes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6792025643983370; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4907657782530380
Dans cette recherche intitulée L'argile éternue, respire et inspire: réflexions sur le travail féminin dans l'art céramique d’Icoaraci, Belém, Pará, je cherche, à partir des notions de genre, de mémoire et d'identité, à comprendre la dynamique du travail féminin effectué par les hommes et les femmes dans les ateliers de poterie classées en Famille, Famille-Entrepreneur et Micro-entreprise; et d'analyser les changements survenus dans la production, dans la vie et dans les processus de constitution et de renforcement des identités des hommes et des femmes qui continuent la production de pièces utilitaires, lisses et non peintes; qui produisent et recréent les styles indigènes Marajoara et Tapajônico; qui revendiquent la reconnaissance des céramiques Paracuri ou Icoaraciense; qui créent de nouveaux styles; et qui maintiennent l'art de la céramique comme l'une des principales activités de la culture (im)matérielle dans l'État du Pará. L'orientation théorique et méthodologique de cette recherche est basée sur (I) l'analyse du travail féminin du point de vue des mémoires et des récits de la vie quotidienne des artisanes et des artisans, basée sur Halbwachs (1998), Benjamin (2000), Portelli (2001), entre autres, visant la possibilité de réécrire l'histoire de ce groupe qui maintient l'existence de cette culture (im)matérielle et de montrer les expériences qui (re)créent les savoirs et les pratiques de l'art céramique; (II) s'appuie également sur la perspective des formations identitaires, de Dubar (1997, 2009, 2018), Hall (2001, 2016), entre autres, qui s'identifient et s'identifient par leurs savoirs, par leurs morceaux, par leurs récits de vie ; (III) tout comme il s'appuie sur les rapports de genre qui guident cet univers symbolique de la maison et de l’atelier, de Kofes et Piscitelli (1997), Saffioti (2015), parmi tant d'autres auteurs. Cette recherche socio-anthropologique utilise des observations directes, des entretiens à scénario ouvert, des enregistrements audiovisuels et l'analyse de contenus disponibles sur les réseaux sociaux comme méthodologies et techniques. Les considérations finales indiquent des changements dans la pertinence du travail des femmes et l'inclusion des hommes; montrer que la mémoire des maîtres de l'art céramique (re)crée des savoirs et des pratiques; présenter les significations afro-indigènes légitimées dans les formations identitaires; et exposer les relations de genre qui guident ces dynamiques dans les multiples dimensions sociales de l'univers symbolique de l'art céramique d’Icoaraci.
A relação entre as pedagogias de Célestin Freinet e Adolphe Ferrière: um estado do conhecimento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-02) Neto, Ari Teixeira Almeida; Fortunato, Ivan; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8293044394759438; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4415086378116518
This dissertation aims to map Brazilian research that relates Freinet and Ferrière educators in the period from 2017 to 2021. For this, a State of Knowledge research was carried out. In the survey, 258 published works were located, being 24 theses, 51 dissertations, 9 graduation monographs, 1 specialization monograph and 173 articles. After a refinement of these works, and a qualitative analysis, we had as a result, the synthesis of the views of the authors of the mapped studies as follows: For 15 works, which corresponds to 60% of the total, the pedagogies of Freinet and Ferrière are related to the fact that both are linked to the New School Movement. In 5 works, which corresponds to 20% of the total, the relationship between the educators' pedagogies is that Ferrière's Active pedagogy served as a reference for the development of Freinet's pedagogy. In the view of 3 works, which corresponds to 12% of the total, the relationship between the authors' pedagogies is that the two influenced the emergence and consolidation of the Reggian Approach to early childhood education. And for 2 works, which corresponds to 8% of the total, the pedagogies are related in the sense of defending the same practices, which are: project pedagogy and the importance of promoting outdoor education, in contact with nature. In the end, this mapping is expected to motivate further research on the subject, emphasizing the importance of studying in depth the relationship between the pedagogy of these two authors, and also the importance of studies focused on the pedagogy of Adolphe Ferrière, as it is perceived during the research, the low amount of research focused specifically on the pedagogy of this author.