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Introdução à Mecânica Quântica no Ensino Médio através de uma discussão sobre a constante de Planck
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-28)
Oliveira, Júlio César Gomes
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Soares, Antonio Augusto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8093480629202515
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0276362829730225
In this work, we develop an educational product to introduce quantum mechanics in High School through a discussion about Planck's constant. As a learning framework we used David Ausubel's Meaningful Learning Theory (MLT). The product was applied in three meetings for two classes of the second year of high school integrated into the technical course. In the first meeting, a mapping questionnaire was applied in order to raise the students’ prior knowledge related to introductory concepts about Quantum Physics and Planck's constant. In the second meeting, we present a brief historical context about the discovery of Planck's constant and the emergence of Quantum Mechanics. At the end of this meeting, we applied the questionnaire from activity 1. In the third meeting, we carried out an activity to determine Planck's constant using a computational simulator and another using the Arduino platform to automate the collection of experimental data. At the end of this meeting, we applied the questionnaire from activity 2.Through the analysis of the mapping questionnaire, it was possible to identify that a large part of the students in both classes had never heard of Planck's constant and when comparing this questionnaire with the answers from the questionnaires from activities 1 and 2, we noticed a clear evolution in the knowledge acquired by students related to the topic covered in the educational product. Some of the purposes of this work were to contribute to the teaching of Quantum Physics in high schools, in order to make experimentation more accessible, to develop students’ scientific literacy, to combat pseudoscience, and to show students that science is in constant construction. It is hoped that this work can contribute to the area of physics teaching and collaborate for the development of scientific literacy of citizens, in order to promote training so that they can participate assertively in discussions in society involving scientific and technological issues related to Quantum Physics.
Embebição e osmocondicionamento como indutores de germinação de sementes florestais potenciais para a semeadura direta
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-28)
Oliveira, Andreliza Roberta Terciotti de
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Almeida, Lausanne Soraya de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6324511279955544
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Piña-Rodrigues, Fatima Conceição Márquez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1475369713141675
Some forest species used in direct seeding present low emergence in the field, such as Croton urucurana Baill., Gallesia integrifolia (Spreng.) Harms, Handroanthus heptaphyllus (Vell) Mattos, Jacaranda cuspidifolia Mart and Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi. In order to know the germination pattern, sought through the Systematic Literature Review information that would complete gaps in order to elaborate protocols of soaking and osmoconditioning for the target species. For the soaking test, four replicates of 25 seeds were used, it was conditioned in germitest paper rolls damred with distilled water, in the proportion of two and a half times its mass and were kept in BOD at 25° C and photoperiod of 12 hours. In the first 12 hours, they were weighed on a precision scale (0.0001g) at one-hour intervals and after every 24 hours until the protrusion of the radicle. From the weight obtained, the embebition curve was constructed. The species presented different embebition velocity, being 4 days (96h) for S. terebinthifolia and G. integrifolia, 5 days (120h) for H. heptaphyllus and 7 days (168h) for C. urucurana and J. cuspidifolia, the period in which germination began. Seed osmoconditioning was performed with Polyethylene glycol 6000 at osmotic concentrations (0.0, -0.6, -0.9, -1.2, -1.5 MPa), in the periods of 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours. The osmoconditioning of the seeds was carried out with Polyethylene glycol 6000 at osmotic concentrations (0.0, -0.6, -0.9, -1.2, -1.5 MPa), soaked in periods of 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours. The embebition in water (T0) in the period of 24h, reached germination of 72% for J. cuspidifolia, while for G. integrifolia and S. terebinthifolia in this same period of embebition, the highest percentages of germination were obtained in the treatment -0.6 and -0.9 MPa, being 59% and 78% respectively, it is inferable that the conditioning through these osmotic potentials in 24-hour instilling are promising because they favored increased germination.
Estudo comparativo entre os aços galvanizado S235 e inox 304 aplicados na construção de torre de resfriamento submetida a ação dinâmica e comportamento não linear
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-28)
Sousa Filho, Paulo Almir Borges de
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Rubert, José Benaque
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1726311467903505
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7363407230099487
The present investigation is focused on the evaluation of two types of steel, stainless 304 and galvanized S235, applied in steel structures builds commonly present in cooling towers. This equipment is widely found in industries, such as sugar and alcohol, and can be exposed to corrosion according to the properties of the fluids inherent to the process. This coupled with vibrations can make them more susceptible to failure. It is necessary to analyze the structural integrity, checking critical points and the displacements, loads and tensions of the entire structure. The analysis is based on the direct stiffness method, using bar and truss elements in a three-dimensional reference system, with static and dynamic modules. For the time-dependent analysis, Newmark's algorithm is applied considering the system unconditionally stable with respect to the adopted time increment. A bilinear constitutive model with linear hardening is used to describe the elastic-plastic behavior of the materials, while corrosion is considered as a homogeneous reduction in the cross-sectional area of the bars. To solve the non-linear finite element problem, routines were written in Fortran and examples from the literature were analyzed in order to check the accuracy of the results. In the case study, the input loads were based on data collected through software in field analysis. Static and dynamic analyzes are performed for both materials, with and without corrosion, establishing a comparison between the effects of nonlinearities and the structure response according to the materials used. The results prove the better behavior of stainless steel 304 compared to galvanized structural steel S235 W, when 50% corrosion is induced in part of the structure, especially when analyzing the response in the plastic phase of the elements. Critical elements are identified in order to propose a corrective intervention to prevent the collapse of the structure.
Intervenções fisioterapêuticas em indivíduos com osteoartrite na base do polegar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-28)
Tossini, Natália Barbosa
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Pereira, Natalia Duarte
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3408152349657748
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Serrão, Paula Regina Mendes da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2917658715637353
Introduction: Osteoarthritis is a chronic and degenerative disease that affects synovial joints, especially the thumb carpometacarpal joint. Also known as rhizoarthritis, osteoarthritis of the base of the thumb causes significant functional damage, pain and loss of grip and pinch strength. Its high prevalence, especially in postmenopausal women, added to the clinical picture and public spending, making research in this area important, aiming to improve physiotherapeutic rehabilitation protocols based on scientific evidence. Objectives: This thesis aimed to realize a systematic review with meta-analysis in order to identify and synthesize the effectiveness of conservative physiotherapeutic treatments in individuals with osteoarthritis at the base of the thumb. It was also the objective of this thesis to develop and apply a treatment protocol based on strengthening the 1st dorsal interosseous muscle for these individuals. Methods: A systematic review with meta-analysis was developed, searching the Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PEDro, CENTRAL and Open Gray databases from the beginning until February 2022. Randomized clinical trials were included that used some physical therapy intervention, in individuals with OA at the base of the thumb, compared to a passive or active control group. The quality of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach and, the standardized difference of means (SMD) was used to calculate the meta-analysis. The randomized clinical trial included individuals over 40 years of age with a clinical and/or radiographic diagnosis of osteoarthritis at the base of the thumb. Subjects were randomized into an intervention group or a control group. Tools were used to evaluate pain, functionality, grip strength and pinch strength pre and post treatment, which lasted six weeks, with sessions three times a week. Study variables were expressed as mean, standard deviation, the delta of change and percentage. Results: Nineteen studies (n= 1477) were included in the systematic review, and eight (n= 568) underwent meta-analysis. The main result found in the meta-analysis was that the orthosis intervention was superior to the passive control group for pain improvement (SMD= -1.02, p=0.03 and very low evidence), grip strength (SMD= 0.45, p=0.02 and very low evidence) and pinch strength (SMD= 1.78, p=0, 01 and very low evidence), but there was no improvement in physical hand function (p=0.54). In addition, the use of a neoprene orthosis was similar to the use of a thermoplastic orthosis in improving pain (p=0.38), hand physical function (p=0.50), grip strength (p=0 .42) and pinch strength (p=0.14). Finally, the short thermoplastic orthosis was also similar to the use of the long thermoplastic orthosis in improving pain (p=0.88) and physical function of the hand (p=0.58). Regarding the clinical trial, seven individuals were evaluated, four in the intervention group (IG, n=4, 56 years old) and three in the control group (CG, n=3, 63 years old). With the preliminary results of this study, it was possible to observe that both rehabilitation protocols have a positive effect on the improvement of pain level, physical function of the hand, manual dexterity and increasing grip and pinch strength. Conclusion: We conclude that proposing an intervention with an orthosis for individuals with OA at the base of the thumb is better than passive interventions for improving pain, hand physical function, and grip and pinch strength. Regardless of the type of material used to make the orthosis and its design, there is an improvement in the clinical outcomes mentioned above. In addition, we concluded that both the protocol focused on strengthening the 1st dorsal interosseous bone and the conventional protocol brought benefits to individuals with osteoarthritis at the base of the thumb.
Práticas pedagógicas de alfabetização e letramento de crianças surdas na língua portuguesa escrita utilizando a Libras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-28)
Lima, Micaele Cristina Sousa
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Rocha, Daniele Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0948893650052847
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5820742380395550
The general objective of this work is to investigate how the literacy and literacy process of deaf children works so that they can acquire a linguistic base at an early age so that there is no damage to their education and learning of the written Portuguese language. To this end, it was first necessary to carry out a brief bibliographical survey about language, as well as its acquisition, in order to analyze where in language literacy enters and where literacy enters and its relevance in the education of the deaf. Another important aspect addressed is the role of the school as a space for social interaction, and as such, the role of literacy and literacy for deaf children, so that they, as well as hearing children, can be able to communicate with each other. Furthermore, a subject that could not be left aside, as it is the main guide on this path; it is the teacher, how his training should be so that every need of each student in his learning can be met, so that he feels welcomed and perceives his own progress both in learning and in society. Since the training of a teacher is analyzed through some basic guidelines, this work seeks, through a literature review, to point to the educational and social impact that the teaching of Libras can have on teacher training. The methodology used for the research was the analysis of videos from the channel “O Diário de Fiorella”, in order to understand how Fiorella acquired the written Portuguese language. Finally, the relevance of the mandatory subject of Libras in Teaching Degrees was highlighted, as well as examples of pedagogical practices for this group, which, like all others, needs to be seen, remembered and attended to according to their individual needs.
Declínio motor em indivíduos com paralisia cerebral no início da transição para a vida adulta: fatores associados e implicações para a participação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-28)
Monteiro, Rayane Félix Lôbo
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Chagas, Paula Silva de Carvalho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6390215585850045
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Campos, Ana Carolina de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5292093208120940
Contextualization: As a result of improved health care, individuals with Cerebral Palsy (CP) have shown greater longevity, which makes it relevant to understand the biopsychosocial aspects related to their health at the beginning of the transition to adolescence and adult life. For this, two studies were developed aiming at. Study 1 was a systematic review that raised factors related to motor decline in adolescents and adults with CP. The results obtained from the 22 identified articles indicated that the factors age, pain, neuromusculoskeletal aspects, level of the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), changes in gait parameters, history of surgeries, and mobility performance that seem to influence the motor decline or improvement of adolescents and adults with CP. Given the above, Study 2 was carried out, which aims to characterize the profile of functionality and disability of adolescents with CP in Brazil, identifying the prevalence of risk factors that influence the motor decline of this population and their impact on participation, in which were 69 adolescents with CP, with a mean age of 11 years, were evaluated cross-sectionally using the GMFCS instruments, Manual Skill Classification System (MACS), Participation and Environment Measure - Children and Young People (PEM-CY), Pediatric Assessment Inventory of Disability - Computerized Adaptive Test (PEDI-CAT), applied remotely. The results indicated that in the home section, the GMFCS and Age factors were associated with the involvement variable. The MACS was associated with the desire for change and the GMFCS factors and health services (private/private) were associated with the number of activities. In the school section, the age factor was associated with the frequency variable. MACS was associated with engagement, desire for change, and number of activities. In the community section, MACS was associated with the frequency dimension. MACS and topography factors were associated with involvement. In the desire for change dimension, MACS factors and rehabilitation services were associated. And in the number of activities, the MACS factor was associated. Thus, the study presents a contribution in terms of public health, being able to subsidize the construction and structuring of public policies aimed at adolescents and adults with CP, promoting the appreciation of these subjects for their skills and potential.
Arquitetura systolic array baseada em FPGA para o filtro de Kalman robusto aplicado a um sistema aéreo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-28)
Campos, Leandro José Evilásio
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Inoue, Roberto Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6221209121565990
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2813-9330
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6674401889269549
This dissertation presents a proposed implementation of a hardware accelerator, with parallel architecture based on systolic array, for building the navigation system in an aerial vehicle. The estimate of the attitude, position, and speed of the drone is established by a robust Kalman filter due to possible uncertainties in the parameters of the sensors. The structure is assisted by data from an inertial measurement unit, attitude, and position information from a monocular visual SLAM solution, and position and velocity references obtained via GPS. Furthermore, the operating modes of the navigation system are defined according to the availability and reliability of the sensors. Thus, the flexibility of the air vehicle operation in different environments will depend on the multiplicity and quality of the information sources to estimate the states of the air navigation system. The main contribution of this study is the possibility of building a state estimation system with accurate and real-time results, which is a fundamental need in aerial robotics. For this, the Robust Kalman Filter solution is performed in an FPGA. The calculation strategy is based on matrix factorization using Givens rotation and, in sequence, using the reverse substitution algorithm. Thus, the analysis of configurations in a heterogeneous software/hardware approach can provide possible improvements in the computational performance of the air navigation system.
Descortinando o transtorno do desenvolvimento da aprendizagem: perspectiva da terapia ocupacional no contexto escolar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-28)
Paterra, Izamara Pereira
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Figueiredo, Mirela de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3660487766535040
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0101-0115
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5471073834331779
The present study aimed to describe the initial stages of the process of elaborating an educational material about children with developmental learning disorders and occupational performance issues. This proposal is justified by the recognition of the ethical commitment of translating and transferring scientific knowledge into actions, such as the preparation of educational material, which can protect and promote benefits to the health and development process and occupations of children in schooling and literacy development stages. The methodological research applied to the development and validation of educational material involved two initial stages: literature review and demand survey. The literature review was carried out in national occupational therapy databases and in the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) and aimed to identify previous skills for literacy (at the elementary school level), the strategies and/or assessments used in the school/classroom to identify children with developmental learning disorders (6 to 10 years), selecting studies published in a period of 10 years (January 2012 to January 2022), with texts fully available; those which were not aimed to school environments were excluded, as well as those in editorial and poster formats. The demand survey stage was carried out with 4 teachers from public elementary schools in the cities of Miguelópolis-SP and Sacramento-MG. In the literature review, 55 studies were analyzed that dealt with the contents of: Prior Skills for Literacy; Main Children's Occupations; Strategies and Evaluations and Performance of Occupational Therapy in the School Context. The answers from the interviews generated the analysis and discussion categories: Professional Profile and Work Routine; Knowledge about Developmental learning disorder (Theoretical and Practical) and Didactic Material. The results found in both stages point to the need to create didactic material that offers support to teachers in relation to the theoretical definition of developmental learning disorders, child and occupational development and forms of evaluation that help in the early identification of cases and assist in the creation of strategies in the classroom, with suggestions and adaptations of pedagogical activities and activities/games/plays that offer/encourage the stimulation of child development and occupational performance. It is concluded that the challenges presented by inclusion in education are of a multifactorial, political and historical nature, thus, the proposal of the didactic material is justified by the need to offer possibilities for health promotion and prevention in the school environment.
O efeito de um programa de gestão de casos para prevenção de quedas em aspectos da funcionalidade de pessoas idosas: um ensaio clínico randomizado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-28)
Lopes, Juliana Ferreira
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Gramani-Say, Karina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5096508613057074
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4901235233821179
Introduction. In view of the increase in population aging and the greater risk of recurrent falls in this population (≥2 falls in the last 12 months), there is a need for fall prevention programs with case management aimed at promoting the functionality of the elderly. The Activity and Participation components are discussed, according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) since it is a useful structure for the multifactorial understanding of falls. Objective. Evaluate the functionality of elderly fallers participating in a fall prevention and case management program. Method. This is a unicentric controlled Randomized Clinical Trial, parallel group (Intervention Group-GI and Control Group-CG) and single-blind (evaluators); composed of Initial Assessment (IA) and Follow-up after 22 weeks. 62 elderly people with recurrent falls, Brazilians and non-institutionalized, participated remotely. Sociodemographic characteristics, health conditions, self-rated health, functionality were investigated through the assessment of disability in activities and restriction in participation by WHODAS, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (Lawton scale), level of physical activity (modified Baecke Questionnaire for elderly-QBMI), characterization and description of falls (Falls Risk Score) and concern about falling by FES I. There was coding by ICF category for WHODAS and Lawton. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis, Mann Whitiney and Kruskall Wallis tests (p≤0.05) were performed (SPSS 20.0 program). The dependent variable is related to the functionality described in WHODAS 2.0. The independent variables were: physical activity level, General Health Self-Assessment - AGS, education, age, number of reported falls and IADL. The CG was encouraged to maintain their daily activities. The IG was accompanied by a case management, physical and cognitive training team. The analysis of the study occurred in the manuscripts: 1) Functionality Analysis among the total sample of elderly people; 2) Analysis of variables between program groups. Results. The total AI sample showed a prevalence of females (88.71%), widowers (46.77%), Caucasians (82.26%), Southeast region (87.10%), polypharmacy (50.0%), Regular AGS (43.55%), indication for recurrent falls (69.35%) and partial dependence for IADLs, higher averages for involvement in household activities (me=1.3) and household chores -WHODAS (me =50) (CIF: d630-d649). The WHODAS total score had a negative and strong correlation with the IADL (r=-0.709); negative and moderate with years of education (r=-0.524) and AGS (r=-0.588); positive and moderate with age (r=0.553); positive and strong with the number of falls (r= 0.090). Falls were frequent at home (67.74%) leading mainly to bruises (38.71%) and fear of falling again (66.13%). No significant difference was found between groups for functionality and IADLs. In the Follow up, the GI showed a decrease in means in domains D2 (me=28), D4 (me=0), D5.1 (me=30) and D6 (me=27) when compared to the initial assessment. Conclusion.The Program promoted remote monitoring, identifying functional limitations in the participants.
Nanofibras eletrofiadas contendo caldo fermentado de paenibacillus polymyxa e nanopartículas de prata: produção, caracterização e avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-28)
Oliveira, Luís Fernando Rocha
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Corrêa, Daniel Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0461451015026948
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5592-0627
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4796020932607939
Chronic wounds have no defined recovery time, often leading to complications that can ultimately result in the patient's death. This scenario, combined with the growing number of multidrug-resistant bacterial cases, has intensified interest in researching new antimicrobials and more efficient delivery methods. Mats composed of electrospun nanofibers are promising platforms for drug delivery and wound dressing applications due to properties such as high surface area and porosity, which facilitate cell adhesion and mobility in the wound area. In this work, lyophilized fermented broth of Paenibacillus polymyxa (FBP) was incorporated into mats of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(caprolactone) (PCL), biocompatible and biodegradable polymers, produced via electrospinning. Electrospun bilayer PVA/PCL mats containing FBP exhibited fewer fiber defects, and FTIR analysis confirmed FBP incorporation; however, the samples showed low antimicrobial activity even at higher FBP concentrations. To improve bioactivity, surface modifications were performed using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), well-known nanostructures for their potent antimicrobial properties. Among the samples modified by spraying and immersion, the latter showed better antimicrobial responses; however, the method led to PVA dilution. By removing PVA from the formulation, PCL/FBP25% mats were obtained, which, when modified with AgNPs via immersion, exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity in the study. Additionally, FBP incorporation improved PCL properties, such as wettability and fiber uniformity, highlighting the potential of these nanofibers for further studies in skin dressing applications.
Narrativas de professoras egressas do PARFOR: o que dizem as flores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-28)
Santos, Jucenilton Alves
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Anunciato, Rosa Maria Moraes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3064136997342775
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1478-411X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4923660984467727
The present thesis, developed in the Postgraduate Program of Education in the Federal University of São Carlos, focuses on teacher education public policies. The main objective was to analyze the implications of the Basic Education Teachers Training National Plan (the brazilian portuguese initials are: PARFOR) for former teachers who have worked in southwest Bahia. The data used in this research were narratives produced by seven former teachers in the context of the PARFOR. The data collection instruments used were the formative memorial and narrative interview, collected in a virtual environment through email exchanges and videoconferencing. In effect since 2009, PARFOR annually offers special classes in undergraduate courses and second undergraduate courses, in the classroom modality, especially for public school teachers who do not have higher education in the area where they teach, according to the requirements of the Directives and Bases of Education Law (the portuguese initials are: LDB). The study was based on the interpretative qualitative approach which contributes to explore the phenomena in all their complexity and in a perspective that enables the understanding of the reports through the participating teachers’ point of view. Data were organized and analyzed considering the following steps: reading, interpreting, and describing the material collected. The analysis was methodologically supported by teacher education research. The results demonstrated that teachers idealized the teaching profession in their childhoods by playing at school and imitating other teachers. They attribute to their families the encouragement to become teachers. According to the participants, the most relevant motivations to starting PARFOR were to improve professional practice, desiring to go to college, and to make changes in their professional careers. The main aspects highlighted as positive of entering PARFOR are the knowledge built, the professors' profile as committed professionals, improvements in pedagogical practices, and the fulfillment of their dream as a graduate student. The negative aspects observed were the difficulty in reconciling study and work, fatigue, the frequency of classes, and the lack of materials and resources. The analyses indicate that the former teachers understand professional development as a continuous process as they are building their own teaching identity, regardless of how long they have worked or had professional experience in teaching. The research process and the results acquired allowed us to understand how the participating female egress teachers understand the valorization of teaching, comparing theory and practice and perceiving the theory present in their own didactic and pedagogical practices that were re-signified after the influences of the course. We analyze that the training developed during the PARFOR/UESB Pedagogy course, by stimulating the teachers to discuss and reflect about the constitution of teaching and the teaching process and its implications, contributed to the apprehension of new knowledge and also to their personal and professional development.
Qualificação de Instrumentos para Análise da Política de Inclusão Escolar na Ótica de Professores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-28)
Moraes, Maiara Cristina
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Lourenço, Gerusa Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1474728505225459
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7550-4858
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9600979189816610
The National School Inclusion Policy from the Perspective of Inclusive Education guarantees the teaching of the target audience of Special Education (PAEE) in common class schools and its execution in conjunction with other legal provisions and plans proposed in the country have been the subject of studies nationals indicating their limits and challenges. The process of monitoring the school inclusion policy is an urgent topic that requires mechanisms that can actually raise indicators about the context of practice experienced. In this sense, a research agenda has been carried out in order to contribute to large-scale measurement tools, of which the present study is part. Thus, this work aims to verify the perspective of teachers of common education and specialized educational services regarding the school inclusion policy experienced and contribute to the analysis of the relevance and quality of the instrument proposed for this analysis. The research has a descriptive and qualitative approach, and included the participation of the Special Education manager of a municipality in the interior of São Paulo, a teacher, seven teachers working in common education with experience with PAEE students in their classes, and eight Education teachers Special. An interview was carried out with the manager to characterize how the network was organized regarding assistance to PAEE students. With the other participants, the School Inclusion Policy Assessment Questionnaire instruments were applied in the format of individual interviews: Common Education Teacher (QUAPOIE-PC) – version 5, and the School Inclusion Policy Assessment Questionnaire: Special Education Teacher (QUAPOIE-PE) – version 5. The interviews were recorded and transcribed and analyzed, compiling the responses per question. The results indicate that the school inclusion policy has been applied and interpreted, based on the participants' speeches, still with limitations and challenges regarding collaboration between Special Education teachers and regular education teachers. Another point observed was related to the PAEE student learning process. The participants demonstrated satisfaction with the execution of their work and pointed out that the municipality provided sufficient support, and that specialized educational assistance was a priority service offered by the network. However, they felt that the work carried out in Special Education was little recognized and that they felt lonely, as not everyone knew the role of the AEE teacher. It is considered that the methodological strategies applied allowed achieving the objectives and identifying demands for adapting the instruments with a view to their application as a closed instrument in future studies and also contributing to a brief assessment of the policy of the municipality studied from the perspective of these actors.
Avaliação da modulação autonômica cardiovascular e da rigidez arterial de indivíduos com diabetes mellitus tipo 2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-28)
Silva, Claudio Donisete da
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Catai, Aparecida Maria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5801652590531684
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Mendes, Renata Gonçalves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9634590922242052
Background: Cardiovascular system problems are widely studied in the population affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), among these problems are those related to cardiovascular autonomic modulation (MAC), accessed through heart rate variability (HRV) blood pressure variability (BPV) and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) as well as problems related to arterial stiffness (AS). Furthermore, it is known that breathing exerts a great influence on the cardiovascular system and the coupling between these two systems may also be impaired in T2DM patients. Thus, the present thesis aimed to investigate the relationship between MAC and AS and whether cardiorespiratory coupling (CRC) can present damage in the T2DM population. This thesis consists of two studies, presented below: Study 1: Objective: To investigate the existence of an association between AS and BPV in T2DM patients and to verify whether higher levels of AS impact autonomic responses in this population. Methods: 74 individuals with a clinical diagnosis of T2DM participated in the study, of both sexes and aged between 40 and 65 years. These were divided into two groups based on the level of AS identified by the pulse wave velocity (PWV) value, in the AS group (ASG n=13) and in the non-arterial stiffness group (NASG, n=61). AS was assessed by PWV using the SphygmoCor® device with transducers positioned over the right carotid and right femoral arteries and by pulse wave analysis to obtain the augmentation index (AIx) and the augmentation index corrected for a heart rate of 75 beats per minute (AIx@75). BPV was evaluated beat to beat by photo plethysmography using Finometer equipment (Finometer Pro, Finapres Medical Systems). For statistical analysis, Pearson's or Spearman's correlation test was used as appropriate and two-way ANOVA was performed to identify differences between groups. Results: Patients with T2DM showed a significant correlation between AS and BPV index. The mean PWV found when evaluating the whole group was 5.94±1.96 m/s, and when divided into groups the means were ASG 8.90 (8.27-9.85) and NASG 5.20 (4.58-5.97) m/s. In addition, the groups showed differences in heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity. Conclusion: In individuals with T2DM, the assessed AS index showed a significant association with BPV. Study 2: Objective: to evaluate the CRC in T2DM patients and healthy individuals and test the hypothesis that this method can provide additional knowledge to the information obtained through HRV, both by linear and non-linear methods. Methods: Individuals diagnosed with T2DM2 (T2DM=32) and a control group with apparently healthy subjects (CON=32) participated in this study. For CRC analysis, the electrocardiogram, non-invasive blood pressure and thoracic respiratory movement were recorded at rest in the supine position and in the standing position after an active postural maneuver. Beat-to-beat series of cardiac period and systolic blood pressure were analyzed with the respiratory movement signal using a traditional non-causal approach, such as the squared coherence function (k2). Two-way mixed-model ANOVA was used to compare groups and post-hoc analysis was performed using Tukey's test. In this T2DM sample, no differences in HRV were observed when compared to the healthy control group, but T2DM patients showed a reduction in resting CRC. Conclusion: We conclude that in patients with T2DM, the ACR, reflected by the squared coherence function, may already be compromised even before the changes in HRV.
Tertúlia Dialógica Pedagógica: formação permanente do professorado com base em evidências científicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-28)
Silva, Vivian Massullo
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Braga, Fabiana Marini
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1103496815216263
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1444448625137218
The permanent and continuous training of teachers is a field of study that relates to different areas of knowledge based on ideological, political, social, epistemological and philosophical conceptions. In this work, the terms: permanent education and continuing education are purposely used together to demarcate the theoretical position in Freire (2015). The training movement based on scientific evidence has appeared in the reports of international organizations that directly relate the improvement of education with the quality of teacher training. Proven to be effective in the permanent and continuous formation of teachers, the dialogic Pedagogical Gathering (TDP) is a Successful Educational Action (CREA, 2015) and shows itself as a viable alternative for the dialogic formation of teachers in Brazil that seeks to unite with scientific knowledge, promoting improvement in the knowledge and social relationships of the entire school community. This doctoral thesis is based on the following research question: Can Dialogical Pedagogical Gatherings, as a dialogic training of teachers, contribute and in what way to the permanent and continued training of teachers based on scientific evidence in Brazil? As a general objective, we analyze, through transforming or excluding elements reported by the research participants, how the Dialogic Pedagogical gathering can be inserted in the context of permanent and continuous formation of teachers in Brazil, contributing to a permanent and continuous formation based on scientific evidence. Based on the framework of the Communicative Methodology (GÓMEZ et al., 2006), the investigation involved a total of 11 teachers from different regions of Brazil. To collect and deepen the data, focus groups and communicative reports were carried out. The investigation listed transforming and excluding elements in 5 categories: permanent and continuing education in the current context of teachers; the pedagogical dialogical gathering in the permanent and continuous formation of teachers; scientific training and scientific evidence in the permanent and continued training of teachers; the role of school management in the permanent and continuous training of teachers; public policy and its relationship with the permanent and continuous training of teachers. The data reveal that the egalitarian and intersubjective dialogue is a fundamental element in the TDPs and contributes to the deepening of the theoretical and scientific bases, giving autonomy and security in the teachers' pedagogical decision-making. The excluding elements reveal that the lack of dialogue with the managers, the bureaucratization and hierarchization of the courses offered and the deviation from the objectives of permanent and continuous formation are factors that create obstacles in the improvement of the formation and education offered. The final analysis between the system and the world of life (HABERMAS, 2012) reveals that the system has promoted this hierarchization and bureaucratization in training at the same time that it can contribute to offering a dialogic training. On the other hand, the world of life is capable of providing answers towards coexistence and permanent and continuous dialogical formation.
Competências e habilidades do arquivista de dados: mapeamento sistemático da literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-28)
Lopes, Daniele Ianni
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Dal'Evedove, Paula Regina
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1170937498266968
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5512300242405300
The current configurations of society bring new possibilities for professional activity and substantially change the role of archivists in the digital context. In this scenario, what are the skills and abilities of the archivist who works with data? With the purpose of contributing to the understanding of the state of the art on the issue, the objective is to systematize the skills and abilities desirable for the archivist to work with data, in the light of the available literature. To this end, a mapping of theoretical, empirical and literature review studies was carried out that address the role of the archivist with data; identification of literature recommendations for archivists working with data and archivists' professional experiences with data; and systematization of a set of skills and abilities required of the archivist who wants to work with data. It is a systematic mapping of the literature that evokes scientific articles published in Web of Science (WoS); Base de Dados em Ciência da Informação (BRAPCI); Google Scholar; Information Science & Technology Abstracts - ISTA (EBSCO); Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts with Full Text (LISTA) and Scopus to obtain the national and international scenario dedicated to the issue. The analyzed scientific productions reveal a recent introduction of the theme in the agenda of discussions of Information Science, with predominance for researches that investigate digital informational environments and the digitalization and preservation of data; reveal that the term data archivist is the predominant nomenclature; and that the requirements compiled with the systematic mapping integrate three central axes: training, information management and archival public policies. It is concluded that the archivist who works with data must recognize himself as a data archivist and be aware of digital transformations and its constant innovations to remain prominent in the job market.
Análise da transferência de calor e parâmetros térmicos em leito empacotado de fermentação em estado sólido
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-28)
Sales, Éverton Holanda
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Casciatori, Fernanda Perpétua
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1269950652196294
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3175764863332015
Aiming at expanding the scale of solid-state fermentation processes (SSF), it is necessary to develop and improve appropriate bioreactors. Of note are the packed-bed bioreactors (PBBs), which have already been studied for the production of enzymes useful in the biofuel processing chain, such as cellulases for second-generation ethanol. However, one of the main problems in the operation of these bioreactors is the overheating of the bed, so that heat transfer studies in these systems are necessary. In this context, the objective of this project was to evaluate the thermal behavior of a bed packed with solid agro-industrial waste, with and without the occurrence of cultivation. For tests without cultivation, the bed was packed with the the humid substrate (mixture of sugarcane bagasse and wheat bran in a 3:7 weight ratio), but not inoculated. With the aid of thermocouples and a thermal imager, the radial thermal profiles were evaluated in a steady state, for a fixed bed height, with water flowing through the jacket and air percolating through the bed in co-current directions (water and air ascending) and counter-current (ascending air and descending water) and under flows of 175 and 350 L/h percolation of air saturated in humidity. Effective parameters were determined through the traditional two-parameter model, based on which modified dimensionless numbers were defined and calculated to allow a better thermal analysis of the system. For a given flow, the thermal parameters were higher for fluid flow in counter-current, as well as increased with the increase in air flowrate. The cultivation case study was the production of cellulases by Myceliophthora thermophila. During cultivation, transient temperature profiles were recorded at various radial and axial positions. With fluid flow through the jacket and percolating air again in co and counter-current, maximum temperature reached was around 52°C, around 7°C above the optimum for cultivation. Finally, to test a strategy to possibly mitigate the overheating of the system, cultivations were carried out with periodic reversal of the percolating air flow. Although the maximum temperature reached was the same, greater thermal homogeneity was observed in the bed, probably due to the better air distribution between the fermenting modules.
Trajetórias de Jovens Mulheres LBT: Memórias de (Des)acolhimento Institucional, violências e resistências
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-28)
Caires, Rute
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Mendonça, Viviane Melo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4827331651090223
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4716352888908421
This work was based on studies on the human condition in contemporary times and has as its theme the violence suffered by people who are touched by the categories of inequalities, in particular, gender, race, class and sexuality. The aim of this research was to understand how young lesbian, bisexual and transgender (LBT) women experience the processes of institutional reception in shelters for children and teens. Specifically, bearing in mind that these women are now adults and are no longer in these shelters, it intended to: a) analyze the memory narratives of the experiences lived by these young women in the shelters, seeking to identify processes, actions and discourses of resistance and overcoming the possible violence suffered during his life; and b) analyze how the period of institutional sheltering affected the way these young women have built their identities and affective and social relationships after leaving the institution. The theoretical-methodological approach was Oral History. Interviews were held with 03 young LBT women who were institutionally sheltered for having their rights violated and who left the shelters upon reaching the legal age of eighteen. The results of the analyzes of the three interviews carried out reinforced the perspective of the constant violation of the basic rights of the young women participating in the research, marked by various types of violence and negligence that were enhanced in the intersectionality of the categories of inequalities present in their lives. It is therefore concluded how necessary it is to analyze the categories of inequalities in an inseparable way, since the narrators' memories highlight issues related to their classes, sexualities, gender, ages and their races; and they pointed out how these categories meet and overlap in their experiences of abandonment and violence. Although the host system is fundamental for the protection of the rights of the young women interviewed, specific training is needed for the professionals, in order to instruct them on how respect for diversity is part of guaranteeing the rights, above all, for the purpose of ending violences.
Inferência Bayesiana para modelos de volatilidade estocástica baseados em mistura de escala da distribuição normal assimétrica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-28)
Condori, Ritha Rubi Huaysara
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Ehlers, Ricardo Sandes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4020997206928882
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9428128499731511
This dissertation aims to evaluate and compare the performance of the No-U-Turn Sampler (NUTS) algorithm, implemented in the Stan software, in estimating the parameters of stochastic volatility models with leverage based on scale mixtures of the skew-normal distribution. These SV models can simultaneously capture important features of financial return series, such as leverage effect, heavy tails, and asymmetry. The results of simulation studies show that, according to bias and root mean squared error (RMSE) measures, the NUTS algorithm performs well. When comparing the NUTS sampling approach with that of the stochvol package, we observe that stochvol has faster execution times, but NUTS outperforms it in terms of effective sample size. Additionally, we propose the use of the Leave-Future-Out Cross-Validation (LFO-CV) technique for selecting stochastic volatility models and evaluate the performance of information criteria and cross-validation techniques for model selection. Finally, we apply the developed methodology to real return series.
Caracterização microestrutural, eletroquímica e tribológica de revestimentos HVAF Fe₆₈Cr₈Mo₄Nb₄B₁₆
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-28)
Mota, Igor Gabriel Coinete
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Koga, Guilherme Yuuki
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0933095081175012
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Botta Filho, Walter José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8956458007749112
High corrosion and wear resistance are basic requirements for materials that operate in aggressive environments such as those found in the petrochemical, mining and agro-industry industries. Fe-Cr-B-based vitreous/nanocrystalline alloys are well-established candidates for applications where high corrosion and wear resistance are required, as the Cr-rich vitreous matrix allows passivation, while the hard, refined borides ensure the die protection against wear. Recent and pioneering works carried out at DEMa UFSCar have developed ferrous and nanocrystalline coatings, produced by thermal spray, resistant to wear and corrosion. Both corrosion in saline media (acidic and basic) and wear (abrasive and sliding) were investigated, indicating excellent performance and durability compared to carbon and stainless steels. In addition to the interesting combinations of chemical and physical properties, these alloys are relatively low-cost systems and, therefore, are viable from an economic point of view. The present master's thesis investigated the microstructure of the FeCr alloy coating produced by High Velocity Air-Fuel process (HVAF) through the use of commercially pure elements and powders produced by gas atomization, and their evaluation to corrosion and wear. The coating produced was characterized by optical microscopy (OM), confocal microscopy (CM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X ray diffractometry (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wear tests (Standard Test ASTM G133-05), corrosion tests (potentiodynamic polarization), hardness and porosity measurements. The results obtained indicated good corrosion resistance of the coating against the substrate (SAE 1020) and the ingot, however, due to the wear mechanisms present during the tests and the characteristics arising from the deposition process used, the coating showed low wear resistance.
Imigração brasileira nas cadeias globais de cuidado: um estudo sobre Au Pairs brasileiras na Holanda
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-02-28)
Oliveira, Bruna Padilha de
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Georges, Isabel Pauline Hildegard
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8496471825849003
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1305693636271709
This text aims to present an investigation into the dynamics of new international migration processes, focused on the apprehension of care as an expression of a new form of international division of service work, based on the study of experiences lived by Brazilians as Au Pairs in the Netherlands between the years 2008 to 2012 and 2018 to 2022. I understand this cultural exchange program as an expression of care work relationships, as the exchange migrant is responsible for domestic work and child care in the host family. Thus, the apprehension of the different motivations, meanings, strategies and interests of the subjects that pervade the migratory dynamics, marked by various social inequalities present in this process (gender, class, race, nationality, among others) is considered a sociological problem. The proposed research follows a qualitative methodology based on mediated and multi-sited research, both on platforms that make up online social networks such as Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp and Youtube, as well as in offline environments that make up the daily lives of research subjects and companies that offer Au Pair services (agencies, language school, etc.). Procedures such as semi-direct interviews and observations of posts on electronic pages related to the theme “Au Pair in Holland” (blogs, agency websites, etc.) were carried out. For data analysis, I use gender, care, international migration, work/family reconciliation policies as a theoretical framework, in order to present a discussion of how this exchange program intersects work and consumer relations.