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Sintomas não psicóticos e uso de substâncias psicoativas entre trabalhadores de enfermagem da linha de frente no contexto da covid-19: estudo observacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-08)
Oliveira Junior, Eduardo Gomes de
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Gonçalves, Angelica Martins de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6648011576049252
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7265-5837
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7826744021192205
To evaluate the presence of non-psychotic symptoms and their relationship with the sociolaboratory profile and use of psychoactive substances by frontline nursing workers. Method: observational, cross-sectional and analytical study composed of a simple random sample of 219 nurses, technicians, and nursing assistants working on the front line in any level of health care. Those who did not fully respond to the research form or were not formally linked to institutions in a city at interior of the State of São Paulo, Brazil were excluded. An online questionnaire was applied with social and labor information, a Self Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20) to identify non-psychotic symptoms and the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) to screen substance use. For data analysis were used descriptive statistics (mean, median, standard deviation, and variance) and inferential statistics (Fisher's Exact Test, Mann Whitney's U Test, and Spearman's Correlation Test). Sample normality was tested using the Shapiro Wilk Test. The odds ratio was calculated to verify whether a given social-occupational variable was related to a greater chance of having non-psychotic symptoms. The significance level adopted for all statistical tests was 5%. Results: It was found that in the majority of the sample, non-psychotic symptoms started before the COVID-19 pandemic and there was maintenance of them associated with differences in gender, history of psychiatric disorder, and workload; however, there was no correlation with substance use. The highest means of psychoactive substance use were found for alcohol and tobacco, respectively. Despite this, the use of such substances was predominantly low risk, i.e., one that does not require intervention. Alcohol abuse was found in 61 (28.2%) of the participants. Regarding tobacco, 26 (11.9%) Conclusion: mental distress was associated with differences in gender, history of psychiatric disorders (anxiety and depression disorders) and workload, however, they were not related to the use of PAS. Nursing on the front line has historically been associated with negative impacts on the mental health of professionals, yet the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are continuous and may vary according to realities and time frames, opening possibilities for new investigations.
Segurança pública nas fronteiras: a estratégia nacional de segurança nas fronteiras e seus efeitos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-08)
Pradelli, Maíra
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Nadai, Larissa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9218432303757297
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Machado, Igor José de Renó
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4705450652848752
This dissertation focuses on the public policy National Public Security Strategy on the Borders (ENAFRON) and seeks to understand how this public policy arises and what it establishes in the social world through its reports, whose function is to diagnose the "problems" of the borders. From the imaginations around the narrative conventions about the “problems” of the borders, I analyze what are the solutions that the “State”, represented by state agents can solve these issues. The documental ethnography range from laws, decrees, norms and a series of regulations and official documentation that synthesize, describe and qualify an idea of border, which transformed itself, a short period of time, from a policy aimed at strategic development and regional for a security governance and control of mobility, transit and displacement regimes. I conclude that the management modalities around Enafron encompass modes of repression and protection anchored in an imagination about what and who should be repressed and what and who should be protected.
Análise do comportamento da Covid-19 no Brasil e em Sorocaba via modelagem matemática epidemiológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-08)
Almeida, Leonardo Alberto Freire de
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Silveira, Graciele Paraguaia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6251988404047002
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9437242979400662
Mathematical modeling of epidemiological phenomena, using systems of differential equations, combined with the evolution of computational techniques, increasingly contributes to decision-making processes, prevention and control of diseases. This Course Completion Work has as its theme studies on the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil and in the city of Sorocaba/SP, making use of the compartmental mathematical model SIR (Susceptible, Infected and Removed), which was solved numerically via Euler's method. The objectives consisted of running simulations of the model, in Python language, collecting real Covid-19 data in the country and in the municipality, estimating the system parameters and plotting graphs capable of helping to understand the dynamics of the pandemic. Data regarding Brazil were taken from the Coronavirus Brasil digital platform, made available by the Federal Government in partnership with the country's health units. The information regarding the municipality of Sorocaba was collected on the SP Covid-19 Info Tracker digital platform, prepared by a committee of researchers from Unesp, USP and CeMai, which centralized the records in daily Covid-19 bulletins, taking into account the data provided by the municipalities of the state of São Paulo. This research began in a scientific initiation project, developed between 2020 and 2021 and arose from the great need for knowledge about the spread of the disease across the country and the search for alternatives that were appropriate for making satisfactory predictions, with a minimum of resources possible. The results achieved showed the importance of an adequate adjustment for the disease transmission parameter and confirmed that it is possible for a relatively simple SIR model to produce solutions in the same order of magnitude as the real data, serving as a forecasting tool to a certain extent of the pandemic. In addition, a model like this allows validating the application of public measures, verifying whether there has been an increase or decrease in the number of cases, in relation to what was expected.
Seleção de padrões internos para análise elementar em métodos instrumentais com plasma induzido
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-08)
Fontoura, Beatriz Martins
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Nóbrega, Joaquim de Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8833989058164529
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9134-9547
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4539197426067818
This thesis approaches the challenges and strategies to use the internal standardization calibration method in two instrumental methods, i.e. inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and microwave induced plasma optical emission spectrometry (MIP-OES), for complex matrix analysis. In the first study, MIP-OES performance was evaluated for determination of 14 analytes with energies between 1.85 and 12.07 eV in urine. Three dilution levels (2, 20- and 200-fold) were evaluated to correct matrix effects, together with the internal standards (ISs) Ga, Ge, Pd, Rh, Sc and Y and with molecular species formed in nitrogen plasma (CN, N2, N2+ and OH). The limits of detection varied between 0.3 and 329 μg L-1. Using proper dilution, it was possible to use a single IS to correct matrix effects for all analytes, i.e. Ge, Rh or Sc for 20-fold dilution and N2+ for 200-fold dilution. In the next step was investigated interferences from two carbon sources, i.e. ethanol and oxalic acid, on the analytical signals of 10 elements by MIP-OES. Oxalic acid caused a signal increase for Al, Ca, Cd, Cu, Fe, Hg and Mg, and a signal suppression for As and P. High levels of ethanol (≥ 1 % m v-1) led to signal increments for all analytes and Bi, Ge and OH behaved as universal ISs. The external gas control module (EGCM) was also tested to correct matrix effects, however, it was not appropriate for Al, As, Hg and P. In the last study, the performance of both instrumental methods was evaluated for determination of 18 analytes in isotonic and energetic drinks. It was observed that argon plasma presented a higher robustness in comparison with nitrogen plasma, since only Si, Pb and Zn presented recoveries below 90 %. The criterion adopted to select internal standards in Ar-ICP and N2-MIP was verified and the best results were obtained through addition and recovery experiments rather than similar physical-chemical properties between analyte/IS. Multi-internal standard calibration (MISC), a recently proposed method in the literature, was also evaluated. It was demonstrated as a simple strategy for correcting matrix effects. The selection of the best IS is not needed because it uses several internal standards. Recoveries between 90-110 % were obtained for most analytes in both matrices and instrumental methods, and LODs were comparable to those obtained in traditional calibration strategies. MISC allowed the use of species from the plasma for obtaining analytical curves, e.g. Ar lines (ICP) or molecular species (MIP) and presented itself as a feasible alternative to the use of internal standardization.
Diferenças entre as percepções de mães encarceradas e mães externas ao cárcere quanto ao exercício da maternidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-08)
Cabianca, Letícia Moraes
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D'Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5235305030008118
The various considerations regarding the exercise of motherhood made “being a mother” a central issue in several studies, which reiterate the different facets of motherhood depending on the context in which it is seen. One of the contexts in which motherhood expresses delicate consequences is the Brazilian prison environment, a scenario of immeasurable vulnerability. In this sense, there are studies on the meanings of motherhood for incarcerated mothers, in addition to countless studies on these meanings for mothers who are located outside the prison environment. However, no studies were found with comparative analysis between the two groups of meanings. Given the lack of comparative studies, added to the increasing number of women who share the prison environment with their children, this study aims to analyze the perceptions of incarcerated mothers and the perceptions of mothers who are located outside the prison environment regarding the exercise of motherhood, seeking to identify similarities and differences in the mothering process. To this end, 10 mothers whose children were up to 6 months old participated in the study, 5 of them incarcerated and the other 5 outside prison. These mothers were recruited so that the participants were equivalent to each other in terms of sociodemographic variables (age, income, education, self-declaration of color and marital status) and number of children, in order to minimize the effects of these variables on the results found. The participants answered a questionnaire characterizing the participants, the Critério Brasil for categorization into a socioeconomic class, a scale for analyzing their social support (EPSUS-A) and a semi-structured interview to obtain their perceptions about the exercise of motherhood. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. As a result, similarities were identified between the two groups of mothers in terms of perceived social support, feelings of discovering the pregnancy and the existence of suffering and concerns in motherhood; while differences were identified related to discomfort regarding the body changes triggered by pregnancy, the type of aspect most highlighted in childbirth, the presence of obstetric violence, issues involved in breastfeeding, the degree of support for motherhood performance, the perception of themselves as mothers and the type of suffering most faced. It was concluded that the context where motherhood is exercised has an influence on perceptions regarding its exercise.
Análise da fragilidade ambiental da bacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão dos Cavalos no Munícipio de Itapetininga-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-08)
Souza, Mônica de
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Simonetti, Vanessa Cezar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0277566600848300
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6845-4875
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Arruda, Emerson Martins
Environmental research is essential to understanding the landscape and promoting an integrated analysis of the environment. Although numerous techniques and approaches have been refined, the understanding of the landscape as a dynamic system continues to inspire research. The uncontrolled increase in the world population has impacts that harm the ecosystem balance, especially regarding water quality in watersheds. The lack of studies that relate land use and water resources with active urban regions hinders the implementation of effective management measures. With the aim of assisting in territorial planning and watershed management, this study sought to develop spatial data that demonstrate environmental fragility and land use conflicts. The study was developed in the Ribeirão dos Cavalos watershed, located in the municipality of Itapetininga, through geoprocessing techniques where geomorphological and land use and occupation data were evaluated, identifying conflicts arising from their use, as well as environmental fragility and water quality alteration. Through this analysis, it was possible to develop a synthesis vision of the watershed, aiming for conservation and recovery, as well as providing primary data for a possible identification of priority areas in territorial planning, since this area does not have studies related to its fragility.
Estudo sobre a evolução legislativa em âmbito federal e estadual (SP) relacionada a logística reversa a partir da sanção da política nacional de resíduos sólidos (Lei 12.305/2010)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-08)
Rossi, Letícia Borsato
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Tiezzi, Rafael de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7979063304544915
One of the environmental problems that has gained prominence is the immense amount of waste produced by the population. In Brazil, discussions related to this theme gained intensity with the publication of Law n° 12.305/2010, which recognized the implementation of Reverse Logistics as a fundamental instrument for the management of solid waste. This study aims to analysis based on the National Solid Waste Policy established by Law n˚ 12.305/2010 and the national and state legislative evolution that underlies the exercise of reverse logistics in Brazil and the State of São Paulo (SP), in addition to mapping the main challenges faced in the implementation of RL in Brazil and expose the innovations proposed by the legislature. For this study, a bibliographical research and analysis of secondary data were carried out, access to documents was obtained through databases and online libraries. The results indicate the existence of a series of challenges, these distributed in three categories, related to political/legal, operational and social aspects. In addition, the PNRS is innovative, as it establishes a hierarchical order prioritizing the non-generation and reduction of waste, establishing shared responsibility for the life cycle of products, in addition to recognizing the importance of collectors of recyclable materials as a fundamental element in waste management. In view of the above, it is concluded that the objectives proposed in this work were achieved, allowing the listing of standards that deal with Reverse Logistics, in addition to carrying out a survey of the challenges faced for the implementation of Reverse Logistics Systems in Brazil and finally brought the innovative points established by the exposed guidelines. In this sense, this work ends by raising numerous points that need to advance in the current debate on reverse logistics and also identifying the need to complement the PNRS.
Secagem de folhas de aroeira (Schinus terebinthifolius raddi.) com aquecimento por micro-ondas: avaliação da retenção de cor e qualidade dos extratos etanólicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-08)
Santos Júnior, Paulo Sérgio
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Ferreira, Maria do Carmo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7070885875161111
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6275003261077006
In this study, the drying of aroeira leaves (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) with microwave heating was evaluated in order to reduce moisture, color retention and chlorophyll concentration, as well as preserving total phenolic compounds (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA) in the dried leaf extracts. The leaves were first characterized for their morphological and physical properties. Drying tests were performed in a White-Whestinghouse microwave, model EM 3500B, with specific powers ranging from 0.56 W/g to 4.35 W/g. To verify the drying conditions, a Central Rotational Composite Design (CCRD) 22 was performed with 4 tests under axial conditions and 3 repetitions at the central point, totaling 11 tests. The color intensity was determined by the colorimetric method based on the CIE L*a*b* color system. The bioactive compounds were extracted through maceration in ethanol for 7 days. The concentration of total phenolic compounds (TPC) was determined evaluated by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and antioxidant activity was determined by the DPPH method. Through the analysis of multiple regression coefficients, the effects of specific power and drying time on quality parameters final moisture, TPC, AA, and effective energy consumption. The results showed that higher power levels reduced drying times as they resulted in higher heating rates. Statistical analysis showed that the power and drying time have significant effects on the responses final moisutre, TPC content, AA and effective energy consumption. Based on by the Tukey test the color parameters L*, a*, b*and ∆E* showed no significant differences as applied power and drying timewere increased. There was no statistically significant differences in the chlorophyll contents of dried leaves, regardless of the applied power and drying time. Based on the response surfaces generated by the regression models, an optimization procedure was performed based on the desirability function to identify the operating condition that would best preserve the bioactive compounds with lower effective energy consumption. It was identified that the optimum drying condition would be obtained at the power of 1.5 W/g and time of 275 min.
Design science research em gestão de operações: proposta e avaliação de um modelo de referência para projetar artefatos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-08)
Bagni, Gustavo
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Godinho Filho, Moacir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6136685270563354
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0315166757122262
Despite the high potential contribution of Design Science Research (DSR) in the Operations Management (OM) field, there are still few studies published using this approach. Furthermore, the reference models for conducting the DSR do not explain how to design an artefact, the central element of DSR, and do not propose alternatives for different types of DSR. This thesis begins with a systematic literature review that identifies the main characteristics of studies using DSR developed in OM and proposes the existence of two types of DSR in this field: one focused only on practical contributions and another whose objective is also to contribute to theory. Three variables distinguish these two types. Based on this characterization and the study of previous models for conducting DSR studies in the OM field, a new reference model focused on artefact design is proposed. This model combines CIMO Logic with DSR since the beginning of the study, providing a structured process of designing artefacts, reducing the time and resources required. The model also explicitly includes the relationship between kernel theories and design theory in the second mode knowledge generation process. It is suitable for both types of DSR, although for the first type the benefits are partial, as the final step is not performed (formulation of design propositions). Finally, evaluating the model through the empirical implementation of an S&OP process focused on new products (empirical situation in which the model proposed in the thesis was implemented and evaluated), the thesis contributes to this class of problems by showing that it is possible for two S&OP processes in the same organization, one focused on mature items and the other focused on new products.
Toxicidade dos metais cádmio, cobalto e níquel, isolados e em combinações binárias, para a clorofícea Raphidocelis subcapitata
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-08)
Reis, Larissa Luiza dos
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Dornfeld, Adrislaine da Silva Mansano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0101649577482109
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3118-4960
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Melão, Maria da Graça Gama
In aquatic ecosystems, organisms are exposed to several compounds capable of interacting and generating toxic effects. Metals are naturally present in these environments and some are essential to the metabolism of organisms. However, anthropic activities have increased the concentration of these elements, which are capable of causing damage from the first trophic level. In the present study, the effects of the metals cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co) and nickel (Ni), isolated and in binary combinations, on density, maximum quantum yield (ΦM), efficiency of the oxygen evolution complex (F0 /Fv), generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), carbohydrate synthesis, chlorophyll a fluorescence, cell size and complexity of the freshwater chlorophyte Raphidocelis subcapitata. Cd decreased cell density, ΦM, increased ROS generation, F0/Fv, chlorophyll a fluorescence, size and cell complexity. Co decreased density, chlorophyll a fluorescence, carbohydrate synthesis, and ΦM and, on the other hand, increased ROS, F0/Fv, size and the cellular complexity. Ni caused changes (increase and decrease) in cell density and in ROS generation, decreased carbohydrate synthesis, and chlorophyll a fluorescence. Regarding the photosynthetic parameters, Ni did not alter ΦM and caused an increase in F0/Fv only at 0.50 mg L-1. The Cd-Co mixture caused synergistic effects at high doses of Co and low doses of Cd; and antagonism at low Co and high Cd concentrations. The model that best fitted the data was CA (concentration addition) with DR deviation (dependent on the dose ratio). Furthermore, the mixture caused antagonistic effects to ΦM and F0/Fv. The Cd-Ni mixture, on the other hand, resulted in antagonism effects at low doses and synergism at high doses, with a dose level change greater than IC50. The IA model (independent action) with DL deviation (dose level dependent) best explained the data. Photosynthetic parameters were not altered by the mixture of metals, however, there was an increase in cell size and complexity, as well as changes in ROS generation and chlorophyll a fluorescence. And the Co-Ni mixture resulted in synergistic effects at low Co and high Ni doses and antagonism at high Co and low Ni doses, the data better fit the CA model with DR deviation, with changes in all analyzed parameters. Considering that microalgae are the basis of aquatic food webs and metals can be bioaccumulated and biomagnified, the damage caused can reach higher trophic levels and impact the ecosystem. Therefore, it is concluded that the metal mixtures caused toxicity to the microalgae, highlighting the importance of evaluating the studies of mixtures, their effects and mechanisms of toxicity on the organisms, in order to protect the biodiversity of the aquatic ecosystem.
Biscoitos elaborados a partir de formulações alternativas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-09)
Almeida, Sabrina de Castro Penteado de
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Felisberto, Mária Herminia Ferrari
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8168866437746596
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Pimentel Filho, Natan de Jesus
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9157232954010211
Healthier products are becoming increasingly attractive to the consumer, requiring the study of alternative formulations in bakery products, in order to nutritionally enrich the product, without modifying its traditional characteristics. Due to the popularity and the consumption convenience of cookies, it becomes necessary to understand the impacts of these changes on sensory characteristics, as well as stability over time and the main microbiological threats present in these alternative formulations. Therefore, the goals of this work were to evaluate recent publications to understand the impact of the partial and total replacement of wheat flour by other functional ingredients, like fruits pulps such as caja and peach, as well as the addition of by-products, once considered residues, like fruit peels, fish carcasses, sugar cane bagasse, different flours (oats, corn, mycoprotein, broad bean, insect and young bamboo culm), coffee extract and sea grapes, cinnamon, insect oil and palm oil. From the review, it was noted the potential that several ingredients, common in the daily life, have to improve and add nutritional benefits to bakery products, without harming stability throughout shelf life or its sensory characteristics. In addition, it was analyzed different replacement levels of fat by hydrated chia seeds in cookies formulations. By the analysis of the cookies technological characteristics, such as texture analysis, water activity and moisture over time, it was possible to notice that this replacement by up to 40% did not impact negatively on the cookie characteristics.
Organizações da sociedade civil da Guiné-Bissau: debatendo o seu papel no desenvolvimento das comunidades locais do país
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-09)
Baldé, Bacar
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Vargas, Marcelo Coutinho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8869018482093008
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4057837902554982
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6045-8011
The current Guinean political scenario invites us to resume a debate on democracy and the role that civil society plays in the country. The work sought to analyze the current context through an interdisciplinary descriptive study addressing the current situation in the country and the successive coups d'état as obstacles to socioeconomic and political-institutional development. With the main focus on debating the role of Guinean civil society. I seek to frame this theme through the discussion of the main “classical” theories about the modern State, Democracy and Civil Society, confronted with the theoretical contribution of some contemporary authors. From the debate involved in these theories, analyzes were made based on the Guinean reality itself. These analyzes allowed us to arrive at certain considerations about the progress of both democracy and civil society and its relationship with the State in Guinea-Bissau. After analyzing the current political situation and confronting theorists who have already addressed similar issues at different times, it was noticed that Guinean civil society does not only cover formal entities of organized interest groups, but also a wide variety of traditional forms of social cooperation in the different ethnic communities existing in the country. It is considered that it would be possible and desirable for the Guinean state to promote the appreciation and eventual adaptation of conflict resolution practices of some ethnic groups (Balanta and Mandinga) to mobilize and engage these communities in local development projects. Finally, it was also concluded that the still precarious and unstable character of democracy in Guinea-Bissau limits the performance of CSOs, removing the possibility that they can achieve their objectives and implement their projects, usually interrupted when a coup occurs or if overthrow a government.
Electromigration of multiterminal transport bridges
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-09)
Abbey, Elijah Anertey
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Ortiz, Wilson Aires
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0241177338066307
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Motta, Maycon
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8340540626164812
With the continued miniaturization of integrated circuits (ICs), the case of metallic tracks subjected to stress caused by transport currents has become a matter of increasing concern, as it puts at risk the reliability of electronic devices. Because they are minuscule, on-chip interconnects in ICs are extremely prone to Electromigration (EM), which is a well-known cause of failure in semiconductor ICs, and through time, researchers have discovered ways to first control the wearout issue and then ultimately master it. However, the EM control reliability scenario is significantly changing in the current interconnect technologies, and a number of important issues need to be addressed. This work is devoted to the investigation of current-induced modifications in micro-scale junctions and constrictions of superconducting and metallic materials. In the first part of our experimental results, we investigate the targeted and localized material modifications produced by electropulsing on Al capped Nb microbridges with multiterminal configuration. The affected regions on the Nb/Al bilayer terminals are revealed by an in-lens secondary electrons detector in a scanning electron microscope as well as by Kelvin-probe Force Microscopy, both suggesting a decrease of the work function in the modified areas. In contrast to that, the affected areas are neither apparent through an Everhart-Thornley secondary electrons detector nor through Atomic Force Microscopy, which indicates little morphological changes on the microstructure. In addition, we demonstrate that the extension of the electroannealed regions is strongly influenced by the terminal geometry. These results are captured by complementary finite element modelling which permits us to estimate a threshold temperature of (435 ± 35) K needed to induce material modifications. These findings provide further insights on the subtle modifications produced by gentle electroannealing of Nb/Al microstructures and represent a step forward towards mastering this emerging nanofabrication technique. In the last experimental chapter of this thesis, we report on results concerning the structural modification of Al and Ni microconstrictions induced by elecropulsing by monitoring the resistance of the constrictions during EM in order to prevent permanent damages and preserve the junction for multiple trials. We applied current pulses to locally change the physical properties of the constrictions. Scanning Electron Microscopy inspection showed that the voids and hillocks found in EM of Al are noticeably missing in EM of Ni. The EM process in Ni occurs in a fairly well defined area, as one could predict in view of the occurrence of current crowding and local heating. EM in Al, on the other hand, appears to occur more randomly, possibly due to less transparent grain boundaries.
Desenvolvimento de um dispositivo eletroquimiluminescente de baixo custo para detecção do SARS-CoV-2 em saliva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-09)
Leite, Taíse Helena Oliveira
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Faria, Ronaldo Censi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8659496864305621
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6169122144470793
This work is a response to the COVID-19 pandemic, in which a new method for detecting the SARS-CoV-2 virus in saliva based on genome-genetic assay performed at room temperature is proposed. The method allows the detection of viral RNA quickly, without the need for steps of transcription and amplification of the genetic material, the signal being obtained using the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) technique. For this, a disposable platform was developed allowing to work with 10 samples simultaneously, reducing the cost of inputs and reagents. Two nucleotide sequences of the virus nucleocapsid gene were studied, named sequence 1A and sequence 2A. The viral RNA calibration curves were evaluated for two sequences individually, and these were linear in the range of 5.0 fmol L-1 to 5.0 nmol L-1, with a linear correlation coefficient of 0.999 for sequence 1A and 0.975 for sequence 2A. Cohorts of positive and negative patient samples were evaluated as a comparative method. The analysis of the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve showed that the method achieved excellent sensitivity and specificity for the 1A sequence, which was more sensitive than the 2A sequence. Also, the test was performed with the presence of the two sequences simultaneously and evaluated in two different cohorts of patients. The proposed method showed an excellent discriminatory ability of individuals with COVID-19, with a sensitivity and specificity of 92%. To assess the accuracy of the method, more than 200 samples were tested with RT-PCR or rapid antigen test results.
Análise do impacto da Covid-19 nas condições de conforto e salubridade das edificações de uso habitacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-09)
Yoneda, Juliana Boacnin
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Silva, Sandra Regina Mota
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9973870842834947
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8148980563138431
The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the lives of people in all parts of the world. This new situation highlighted the importance of quality living spaces for health protection and as a place of life and safety. In this context, this study was conducted to examine the comfort and health conditions of residential buildings and the impacts resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic through a review of different criterias and parameters related to this area. As an investigative method, a comparative study based on the literature reviews which supported the analysis and systematization of concepts and parameters for the pre and post pandemic periods. Through this, we are able analyze and identify future trends. Therefore, for the success of the study, the nine foundations defined by the Harvard School of Public Health (HARVARD T.H. CHAN SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, 2017) were used as a starting point, with other foundations added – accessibility, sustainability and connection with the external environment. The additional foundations were understood in the scope of this work as opportunities for updating this analysis in the face of the new pandemic scenario and its implications for the comfort and health conditions of residential buildings. The analysis of the results identified that the effects of the pandemic on housing were more evident and perceptible concerning comfort, sanitation, work, communication and connection with the external environment. From the identification of these five relevant aspects for the housing conditions, it was observed that transformations in the behavior of residential building users, as well as changes in the conception of these spaces, have adapted to the new requirements.
Estratégias participativas construídas entre estudantes e professora nas aulas de Educação Física
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-09)
Baio, Cristina Gil de Carvalho
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Ramos, Glauco Nunes Souto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0134679842280022
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2644-2838
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1232486725281261
On behalf of pandemic and social isolation we have been through, there was a potentiation of a new global reality, since the population was restricted to their homes and, in many cases, the systematized body practices were left out. Within the school context where I work, I could observe such situation, because most of the students took the Physical Education class as the only time in wich they could perform oriented body practices. Towards that scenario of returning to the presential classes, the objective of the study is analyse the implications of a teaching process to the construtction of knowledge related to the experimentation of body practices through integrated strategies in Physical Education classes.The project is based on a qualitative research approach, characterized by research-action, in wich the professor-researcher, planned and taught the pedagogical activities. The sudy was performed during one school year, involving 26 students from a 4° grade class of the elementary school, from a municipal school located inner-state São Paulo. The data were collected through class diaries developed by the professor-researcher, rounds of conversation and a mixed questionnaire with open and closed questions applied to the students. After collection, the data were qualitatively analyzed through the establishment of two categories, namely: 1 – The construction of students’ knolwedge from the paticipatory process, wich allowed us to analyse the construction process of the students’ knowledge, within the context of the Physical Education classes in the face of the content provided; and, 2 – Possibilities and challenges in the implementation of the participatory planning proposal, in wich we seek to promote means of recognition of the problems, the exaltation of achievements and over this analyse and reflect on possible solutions, so as not to be only on complaints and we can make announcements. Thus we conclude, in general, the dynamics of the developd planning through participative strategies were very real allowing the corresponsibility of the students in teaching and learning process and the valuation of their knowledge, breaking the traditionally logic establiched to the school education, in other words, viewing the students as the ones who learn and the professors the ones who teach.
Uma revisão sobre os estudos de dietas de aves brasileiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-09)
Costa, Caik Firmino
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Francisco, Mercival Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4305313620456233
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2083-7812
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0839202247456396
Food is something necessary to support life and studies on diet are fundamental for understanding the ecology, evolution and conservation of species. In addition, a growing number of works have been demonstrating that anthropic activities can interfere with the availability of food for organisms, putting many of them at risk of extinction. Although several methodologies for the study of diets have been proposed in recent years, a large number of species still lack detailed studies on the food components they consume. For this reason, the objective of this work was to carry out a bibliographic survey of Brazilian bird species that have studied their diets and the methodologies used, with emphasis on endangered species. Of the 1971 bird species that occur in Brazil, 171 had some type of diet study (8.6% of the species). Among the 254 taxa threatened with extinction, only 15 had some type of diet study performed (10.6%). Most studies/species used the fecal sample analysis method (n = 64), followed by stomach analyzes of slaughtered birds (n = 44); direct observations (n = 40); natural regurgitation (n = 9); chemical regurgitation (n = 38); collection of egregopylae (n = 4) and radioactive isotopes (n = 22). This lack of data is worrying, since the number of species worldwide whose populations have been reduced due to direct and indirect effects of the availability of food resources is increasing. Thus, this subject should be further explored in order to obtain more information to assist in the conservation of the species.
Utilização de cogumelos e seus subprodutos no desenvolvimento de produtos cárneos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-09)
Oliveira, Kelvin Henrique Seixas de
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Selani, Miriam Mabel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4857619853197645
Meat products, foods widely consumed in Brazil and worldwide, have several components relevant to health, such as fatty acids, minerals (especially iron), vitamins such as B12 and proteins of high biological value. However, their high consumption can negatively affect human health, as they contain high amounts of saturated fat, sodium, cholesterol and chemical additives. For this reason, the population has increasingly demanded products that offer health benefits. In view of this, there is a current trend of studies that seek alternatives to make meat products healthier, with emphasis on the use of edible mushrooms and their by-products. The aim of this bibliographic review is to provide an overview of the use of edible mushrooms and their by-products in meat products, in order to understand how they interfere with the physical- chemical, technological and sensory properties of reformulated products when applied as antioxidants, meat extenders and flavor enhancers. Studies have shown that mushrooms and their by-products have interesting characteristics for the preparation and reformulation of meat products and that their application has given interesting technological characteristics to products, in addition to making them healthier, more natural and sustainable. It is important that more studies are carried out in order to deepen the knowledge about this reformulation and to make possible the industrial application of mushrooms and their by-products in meat products.
Avaliação dos pilares da sustentabilidade na cadeia de suprimentos de uma startup atacadista de hortifrutigranjeiros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-09)
Rodrigues, Eduardo Cirineo
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Duval, Henrique Carmona
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1127516712972199
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Borsatto, Ricardo Serra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5988987575101933
In the current context, in which the food sector is integrated, the implementation of a supply chain must pay increasing attention to issues related to quality, food safety, environmental responsibility, and sustainability. However, the number of intermediaries in the chain and the devaluation of family farming pose numerous challenges for these practices. The understanding of responsibility on the part of the agents in the fruit and vegetable supply chain must be discussed and presented in a clear, collaborative way, in order to alleviate problems and ensure environmental, social and economic balance. For this reason, to analyze the alignment and integration of the chain, a form was created targeting partner farmers, buyers involved in the wholesale company's stock and customers, characterized as establishments in the food business. With these surveys, significant information can be obtained relating to aspects of differentiation between a traditional supply chain and a wholesale startup of fresh produce. With regards to the cultural alignment of the agents, it is possible to verify Frexco's position regarding the proposals of Environmental, Social and Corporate Governance (ESG) and the follow-up of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Estrutura, função e evolução das luciferases de Mastinocerini (Coleoptera: Phengodidae) e origem biossintética da luciferina em coleópteros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-09)
Souza, Daniel Rangel de
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Viviani, Vadim Ravara
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3942043373510668
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0245966248392912
The origin and evolution of bioluminescence in Coleoptera from the Elateroidea superfamily depend on a better understanding of the metabolic origin of the luciferin substrate and the luciferase enzymes evolution. Several luciferases from the 4 bioluminescent beetles families (Lampyridae, Elateridae, Phengodidae and Rhagophthalmidae) have already been cloned and investigated by our and other research groups in recent decades. However, only three functional luciferases from the Phengodidae family have been cloned and investigated so far, the red light-emitting luciferase from Phrixotrix hirtus head and the green light-emitting luciferase from Phrixotrix vivianii. Thus, the origin and evolution of head and lateral lanterns luciferases, as well as the relationship between structure and bioluminescence spectra in these enzymes, are still incomplete, needing to study other luciferases from different lanterns and life stages of other species that emit intermediate colors of light. Within this theme, this thesis had two main goals: (1) Increase knowledge of the bioluminescence evolution in the Phengodidae family through cloning, expression and characterization new active luciferases cDNA from different lanterns and (2) understand the biosynthetic origin of beetle luciferin. For the first time, we associate larva and adult of a phengodid specie, the Stenophrixotrix pallens found on the UFSCar Sorocaba campus, through molecular analyzes of the 16S and 18S rRNA genes and the bioluminescence spectra. We cloned two new luciferases cDNA, one from the Brasilocerus sp. head and another from P. hirtus lateral lanterns, we expressed them in bacteria and characterized these luciferases. Luciferase from Brasilocerus sp. head lantern presented a peak of bioluminescent emission at 566 nm in pH=8, while the luciferase from the P. hirtus lateral lanterns shows an emission peak at 563 nm. The presence of a single luciferase in the head and lateral lanterns trascriptomes of Brasilocerus sp., the kinetic and spectral characteristics of luciferass from Stenophrixotrix pallens larvae, suggest for the first time that some species of Mastinocerini presente only one luciferase isoform in different lanterns and life stages, unlike Phrixotrix spp. The R215T mutation and the asparagine 351 deletion in the P.hirtus lateral lanterns luciferase had a bathochromic efect of ~30 nm, confirming the importance of arginine 215 and loop 351-360 in bioluminescence spectra determination. Finally, to better understand the biosynthetic origin of luciferin in coleopterans, we developed bioluminescent bacteria transformed with Amydetes vivianii luciferase to evaluate the in vivo synthesis of luciferin in the presence of cystein and quinine precursors. These studies showed that cysteine has a detoxifying impact on p-benzoquinone concomitantly with luciferin formation, suggesting that coleopteran luciferin may have arisen as a by-product of quinone detoxification.