Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2023-03-31"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 25

Uso do vegetal azolla caroliniana para adubação e fixação de nutrientes em meios aquapônicos: uma revisão bibliográfica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-31) Baumgartner, Thiago Soares; Bianchini, Flávio Gabriel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4178478588502700
Much thought has been given to global food security, water and nutrient expenditure. Hydroponics is a technique that has been around for some time and is relatively well accepted in both developed and undeveloped countries in general. Aquaponics, being a variant of hydroponics, in which the nutrients needed for cultivation come from the fish breeding tank, which excrete ammonia directly into the water. The present work has as its main proposal to present an alternative to traditional aquaponics, so that, instead of using fish as a breeding and source of nutrients, use the aquatic fern: Azolla caroliniana, due to its characteristic of assimilation of atmospheric nitrogen in the water , ease of propagation and maintenance. In addition, the vegetable has nutritional properties for both animal and human consumption, and can be used both environmentally and economically.
Feromônios em gafanhotos (Orthoptera: Caelifera): agregação e reprodução.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-31) Celeste, Rafaela Quirino Agusso; Lhano, Marcos Gonçalves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8089627474241345; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2760-5718
Locusts (Orthoptera: Caelifera) stand out mainly for their economic importance, since many species are common pests in agricultural and pasture ecosystems, devastating crops all over the world. In order to reduce the use of chemical intervention, the use of semiochemicals has been investigated, mainly pheromones, as a method for pest control. The present study aimed to present a bibliographic review on the scientific knowledge about sexual and aggregation pheromones in locusts in the world, since there is no compilation in the international scientific literature that even allows comparing the similarities and differences between the pheromones of the studied species. For the methodology, searches were carried out using secondary data available on the internet through base sources. In summary, the existence of sex and aggregation pheromones was demonstrated in only 5 species (Locusta migratoria, Schistocerca gregaria, Schistocerca piceifrons, Schistocerca americana and Dociostaurus maroccanus), which demonstrates how little is known about these substances in Caelifera and the urgent need for invest in research on its composition and its role in physiological and behavioral processes.
A condicionalidade em línguas indígenas brasileiras: uma análise tipológica-funcional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-31) Lourenço, Fabiana Pirotta Camargo; Hirata-Vale, Flávia Bezerra de Menezes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2797556968074056; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2855892336281392
In Brazil, 274 indigenous languages are currently spoken by individuals belonging to 305 different ethnic groups, which reflect a great linguistic and typological diversity, each constituting a complex system, with specific sets of sounds, categories and structuring rules, (Seki,2000). These languages have become the object of study in many works dedicated to describing their syntactic, phonological or pragmatic aspects. However, it was observed that regarding conditional subordinate constructions, there is a lack of studies dedicated, in a more comprehensive way, to characterizing their expression in these languages, as well as in Brazilian Portuguese and in other languages. Bearing in mind this lack and relevance of the theme, the main objective of this work was to typologically describe conditionality, promoting a systematization of the conditional expression, adopting for this purpose the typological-functional method of analysis, in a group consisting of 42 Brazilian indigenous languages, distributed among 19 linguistic families. The determination of the languages that make up the corpus was based on the classifications elaborated from the works of Rodrigues (2013) and Moore (2011). For language analysis, samples of conditional constructions described in works such as articles, theses and dissertations were collected. These constructions were analyzed, observing mainly the types of markers and the associations between them for the expression of the conditional value. The main hypothesis of the research, which was confirmed in the results of the analysis, was that the conditional value, in Brazilian indigenous languages, is expressed by different elements, which can be by a conjunction, affix, particle, among others, and in a mostly compositional/multifactorial way, that is, from a combination of elements that refer to other linguistic categories, such as irrealis and modality, which play a significant role in conditional marking. Still, regarding the contribution of time stamping (past/non-past) to the distinction of the conditional senses of counterfactuality and potentiality, as well as Plungian (2005), a scale of unreality was established, in which the counterfactuals seem to be more representative of the irrealis, as they are more directly linked to unrealized situations. The work, finally, made it possible to survey shared patterns between languages with regard to the formal and semantic expression of conditionality. It is also expected that it has contributed to the area of Indigenous Linguistics, and to the descriptions already developed about conditional subordinates in this area.
Óbito fetal e infantil evitável em Fernandópolis/SP: taxas e padrão espacial ao longo da pandemia da COVID-19 e anos anteriores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-31) Silva, Carolina Guerra da Mota e; Yamamura, Mellina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6221450513629923; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0462-7228; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3494382678596532; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9255-0338
Objectives: To characterize fetal and infant mortality from preventable causes before and during the emergency situation caused by the pandemic of COVID-19 in Fernandópolis. Methods: This is a study with observational, descriptive, ecological design, using spatial analysis techniques. The research population was composed of all fetal and infant deaths recorded in the Mortality Information System in the period from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2022. The study was submitted and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of São Carlos under Certificate of Ethical Appraisal Submission No. 63776122.0.0000.5504. After collecting the data of avoidable deaths and live births registered in the indicated period, we initially performed a descriptive analysis of the data, with data tabulation, calculation of absolute and relative frequencies. Subsequently, the geolocalization of cases was performed, which consisted of the geographic interpolation of the location of the case with the geographic feature of the municipality under study (digital census grid of the municipality). For this procedure, the Google Earth Pro® software API was used to obtain the respective geographic coordinates for the reported residential addresses (latitude and longitude). Finally, for figuring the findings, choropleth maps were constructed with the occurrence of preventable deaths by census sectors using the ArcGis software version 10.5. Results: Of the total 30 fetal deaths evaluated in the period, 14 (46.67%) were preventable, 13 (43.33%) were non-preventable and three (10.00%) were inconclusive. Of the 23 infant deaths evaluated in the period from 2018 to 2022, four (17.39%) were preventable, 17 (73.91%) were non-preventable, and two (10.00%) were inconclusive. The Fetal Mortality Rate (FMR) had been falling and from 2020 there was an increase, although the proportion between the first and the last year was lower, but remained in line with the live births line in the period. In the year 2021, 83.33% of fetal deaths were preventable. In the analysis of the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR), we noticed that it was quite low in 2018, when it had the highest number of live births (800), from then on it had a small increase until 2020 following the drop in births, but in 2021 it had a significant increase going from 4.34 to 15 per thousand live births and the proportion of preventable deaths was 27.27%. In the spatial pattern it was possible to observe that there are places that have a higher occurrence of preventable deaths. Conclusion: The study showed that there was an increase in avoidable fetal and infant mortality in the emergency period of COVID-19, however, avoidable fetal mortality was more frequent and with alarming occurrence at the end of the third trimester. The spatial analysis showed that there are areas in need of qualification of health actions.
Magnetic immobilized enzymes microreactors for in-vitro metabolism assays and/or biocatalysis applications
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-31) Furlani, Izadora Liranço; Oliveira, Regina Vincenzi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6609377714413073; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5061-5957; Cass, Quezia Bezerra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9197210255594409; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6550-1194; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6330806611270494; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2745-7612
Cytochrome P450s are a superfamily of hemeproteins widely used to study phase I reactions in in vitro drug metabolism assays and to correlate them with in vivo outcomes. In addition, this class of enzymes can be involved in the biosynthesis of high-value complex compounds and thus, has emerged as a key asset within industrial interest. Reactions catalyzed by CYPs are complex and routinely involve several steps. Moreover, problems related to the lack of catalytic activity and the constant supply of the cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) are some drawbacks to be overcome. Considering these aspects, new analytical alternatives should be implemented to transform conventional assays using CYP into a more valuable approach. Enzyme immobilization has been used for several years and it still represents a clever strategy to increase catalytic activity, stability, and when possible, to provide the reuse of the immobilized target. To meet this end, as the first part of the work herein described, the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) was covalently immobilized onto magnetic beads (G6PDH-Mbs). An LC-UV method was developed and qualified to quantify the production of NADPH. The biocatalyst bioreactor G6PDH-Mbs was characterized through kinetic studies where a sigmoidal profile was obtained. The application of G6PDH-Mb was demonstrated in in vitro metabolism assays using albendazole and fiscalin B. The implementation of G6PDH-Mb as a generator system increased 3-folds the production of the metabolites when compared to the use of commercial NADPH. The second part of the work is related to CYP immobilization. For that, rat liver microsomes (RLM) were used as a cost-effective alternative to modulating the immobilization conditions for CYP onto magnetic beads. Next, the optimized immobilization procedure was applied to human liver microsomal (HLM) to produce the biocatalytic bioreactor HLM-Mbs. Biotransformation reactions using HLM-Mbs were tested by monitoring the biotransformation of albendazole (ABZ) into albendazole-sulfoxide (ABZ-SO), and the temperature was evaluated to increase the production of the metabolites and the reuse of HLM-Mbs in multiple cycles. The application of HLM-Mbs in in vitro metabolism assays was demonstrated by kinetic and inhibition studies. In addition, catalytic activities for CYP2C9 and CYP2D6 were tested by evaluating the hydroxylation reactions of diclofenac and bufuralol as substrates. As a final contribution of this work, a dual biocatalyst bioreactor (G6PDH-HLM-Mbs) was created by mixing the generator system of NADPH (G6PDH-Mbs) with HLM-Mbs.
Comportamento reprodutivo em espécies da tribo Brassolini (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): uma revisão bibliográfica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-31) Silva, Matheus Alves da; Lhano, Marcos Gonçalves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8089627474241345; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2760-5718; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8077353897391293
Brassolini is a Neotropical butterfly tribe essential to the ecosystems. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the species reproductive behavior of this clade. Therefore, this article aims to conduct an extensive bibliographic review and reunite the studies of the last 40 years about the reproductive behavior of Brassolini. Among the 17 genera belonging to the taxon, only 5 had studies regarding their reproduction, with Caligo being the most studied genus, followed by Opsiphanes. In general, even if evolutionarily close, the genera adopt some distinct reproductive strategies regarding the interaction between males and females, mainly due to their anatomical differences. Nevertheless, territoriality is a salient aspect in their reproduction as well coloration indicates significant signaling to the opposite sex, as the blue-violet iridescence in Eryphanis, and in the adaptations for this purpose, as in the eyespots in Caligo. In a nutshell, comprehending the reproductive behavior of this group is crucial in the conservationist aspect, considering that these animals are symbols of beauty and can assist the conservation of other taxons by utilizing them as an umbrella species.
Desenvolvimento de um método para definição de limites de posição e ângulo para o sistema de interlock de órbita do Sirius
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-31) Saretti, Gabriel de Gois; Malavolta, Alexandre Tácito; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8477313173581967; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4733666991809191
Orbit Interlock is a security system whose purpose is to guarantee that the light beam generated by insertion devices of synchrotron light sources does not damage the vacuum chambers and other components present in the particle accelerator storage rings. Although some synchrotrons already have systems like this, there are few works available about the development methods, in the case of 3rd generation synchrotron light sources, and especially 4th generation synchrotron light sources such as Sirius, which has narrow vacuum chambers and high power insertion devices. The present project aimed to develop a practical and reliable method to define safe limits of position and angle for high luminosity insertion devices that are under development, such as the EPU Delta 52 and IVU18, as well as others already installed. The employed method combines two approaches already used in other light sources around the world, using a routine developed in MATLAB to define the Active Interlock Envelope (AIE) through geometric relations, the Back Ray-tracing method, and a routine developed in POWERSHELL to run automated ray-tracing Monte Carlo Method simulations in SYNRADCLI software to check the obtained limits, and thermo-structural finite elements analysis simulations to guarantee the integrity of not considered robust chambers. At the end of the work, the method is applied for the short EPU Delta 52 and the IVU18 insertion devices. The application of the method results in the quick definition of the safe limits of both devices, in which the efficiency of the method and the safe envelopes are discussed, as well as possible improvements for it are pointed out.
Epistemologias outras: processos educativos entre quilombismos e capoeiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-31) Oliveira, Gilmar Araujo de; Vasconcelos, Váleria Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9609054896546584; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0616-2372; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2057250663917395; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7617-6235
This doctoral research was developed in collaboration with Kilombo Tenondé (located in the village of Bonfim, city of Valença, in the interior of the state of Bahia), which is based on the principles of the encounter between culture and nature, as well as the preservation of ancestral heritage. In African and indigenous cultures, this heritage is related to the connection with Nature as a sacred place; collective relationships marked by solidarity, plurality, and integration; the valorization of the body as a sacred and cultural space; and the holistic notion of human development, where body and mind, spirit and natural environment are integrated. The investigation is based on the struggles of quilombos (communities formed by descendants of escaped African slaves) since their genesis, the difficulties encountered in land demarcation, and the quilombista perspective of Kilombo Tenondé, which presents itself as a possibility of confronting the coloniality of being, knowing, and power. It allows us to think about the mechanisms that promote the invisibility of other forms of knowledge and the lives of human beings and territories that have been victims of modernity/coloniality. Through the testimonials of frequent visitors to Kilombo Tenondé, the main objective is to identify, describe, and understand the emerging educational processes within this space. Data analysis is being conducted through Generative Themes, which are considered a proposal that aims to be consistent with a new way of conceiving knowledge and human development, emerging from the epistemology present in the practice of Capoeira. These themes are: Gingar (swaying), Esquivar (dodging), Combater (fighting), and Transcender (transcending). Today, the continuity of quilombos and the spaces built within this perspective represent the possibility of transcending modernity. It is a confrontation with the coloniality of being, knowing, and power, a process that allows the breaking of a cycle that racialized and subjugated, and enables us to think about the mechanisms that promote the invisibility of Other forms of knowledge and the lives of human beings and territories that have been victims of modernity/coloniality. Finally, we consider quilombos as possibilities for thinking about a pluriversal education that seeks inclusion and equity, fighting against historical erasure.
Gestão da diversidade sexual nas organizações: um estudo de caso em uma empresa de marketing digital
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-31) Chieregato, Igor de Castro; Rachid, Alessandra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6981682198988902; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6925670558767124
The topic of cultural diversity has been evolving in recent years and gaining relevance within organizations, which have begun to see it as an opportunity when well managed. Sexual diversity management is dedicated to promote an environment that is inclusive and respectful for individuals who deviate from the cis-heteronormative hegemonic standard. This study aims to analyze the practices of sexual diversity management observed in a digital marketing company and evaluate its level of maturity based on a conceptual model. To achieve this, interviews were conducted with the company's employees n order to map the practices, as well as the analysis of historical data related to the composition of the workforce to understand how these practices have been reflected in the company's reality. The company was classified according to the pillars proposed in the conceptual model, allowing for an understanding of he current level of maturity and the main challenges to achieve the next levels.
Instrumentação de linha de produção de dispositivos sensores baseados em nanofitas semicondutoras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-31) Pedersoli, André Aleixo; Chiquito, Adenilson José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7087360072774314; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8464415963213235
This work describes the stages of the photolithography process of electronic devices to study their electrical properties. properties developed in a semiconductor physics research laboratory. The optimization and automation of a photosensitivity device used in photolithography techniques are described. Automation was done using an Arduino Uno microcontroller and servomotors. The project was tested with the aim of reducing failures due to operational errors and seeking to improve safety in the production of devices involving ultraviolet radiation.
Desenvolvimento de eletrocatalisadores de sulfeto de molibdênio para produção de hidrogênio via eletrólise da água
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-31) Silva, Marina Medina da; Mascaro, Lucia Helena; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9130022476352844; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2741194964271911; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0634-3613
The amorphous molybdenum sulfide, MoSx, has shown to be an excellent electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and can be synthesized by electrodeposition. In this study, the electrodeposition of MoSx on conductive FTO, Ti, TiO2 semiconductor in the form of film (TiO2) and nanotubes (TiO2 NT), and carbon paper (CP) substrates was investigated. The deposition conditions and the relationship between the structure, morphology, and composition of the prepared films with the electrocatalytic activity for HER were studied. The results showed that the metal substrate, in comparison with FTO, reduced the resistance at the substrate/catalyst interface, as the value for FTO was almost 8 times higher than the value for the Ti substrate. The ease of electrical transport between Ti-MoSx had an effect on the Tafel coefficient, decreasing the value from 110 mV dec-1 in MoSx/FTO to 75 mV dec-1 in MoSx/Ti. The higher electrocatalytic activity for HER of the MoSx/Ti electrode was also observed at the overpotential required to reach -10 mA cm-2 (10), as this electrode required 123 mV, while the value for MoSx/FTO was 262 mV. The deposition of MoSx on TiO2 NT affected the catalyst growth mechanism, altering the MoSx chemical composition. XPS analysis showed an increase in the atomic percentage of the most active site for HER (Sbridg), in which a value of 47% was observed for MoSx deposited on a TiO2 film, while for MoSx deposited on TiO2 NT, the percentage increased to 67%. This result was related to the decrease in the 10, in which MoSx/TiO2 required 190 mV, while the value for MoSx/TiO2 NT was only 93 mV. However, this electrode was not stable, possibly due to greater exposure to the breaking of S-S bonds after H adsorption. Deposition on CP was possible after treatment to increase substrate hydrophilicity. After analyzing the deposition conditions, the electrode was applied as a cathode in the PEM electrolyzer at the Jülich Forschungszentrum, proving to be active for the RDH and stable under the operating conditions in which it was evaluated. In summary, the study of the type of substrate used for MoSx electrodeposition was essential to increase the catalyst´ electrocatalytic activity for HER.
Análise técnico-econômica-ambiental da produção integrada de etanol e biodiesel no contexto brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-31) Alves, Ediane de Sá; Giordano, Roberto de Campos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0834668419587001; Furlan, Felipe Fernando; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4136352953168873; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7747082409876496
The Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions must be reduced, it is a global emergency. Biofuels, such as ethanol and biodiesel, are indispensables parts of the brazilian renewable energy matrix, and has an essential place when thinking about the replacement of fossil fuels and the transition to a low carbon energy matrix. Brazil has a tactical position in this scene, due to its production volume of sugar cane and vegetable oils. The ethanol’s agro-industrial park is already well funded in the country. Meanwhile, biodiesel is still expanding at the national scenario. Biodiesel produced by enzymatic catalysis represents less environment impact, however its high production cost has been making its industrial implementation impractical. Hereupon, this thesis proposes to rate the biodiesel’s production’s enzymatic route, using as reference to compare the alkaline catalysis route. Different routes of enzymatic biodiesel’s production, distinguished techniques of segregation of this biofuel, its integrated production in a soy biorefinery and the process’ expansion to a integrated soy and sugar cane biorefinery are the discussed points. It was analyzed the separation of the biodiesel through washing it with hot water after caustic polish and by distillation. The Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) were chosen as economic metrics, and the Global-Warming Potential (GWP), as environmental metric. The results imply that the enzymatic biodiesel division shows better economic development while using biodiesel washing, but the distillation represented less environmental impact. The frying oil biodiesel had bigger IRR (38 %), and the smallest GWP (4,05 CO2eq/kg). The cultivated soybean oil transesterification the alkaline catalyze has NPV 4,5 times higher and GWP 4,4 % superior than the transesterification by Eversa® Transform 2.0 in free form and with four reuses of enzyme. On the low environmental impact production research, it was pretended the enzymatic biodiesel production integration, catalyzed by lipase free Eversa and with four reuses of enzyme, integrated to the oil extraction and the ethanol production in a soy and sugar cane combined biorefinery. To reduce the time of simulation processing of this case, the process was performed by Kriging universal metamodels, estimating the NPV and the GWP of biorefinery. The soy biorefinery and sugar cane showed economic viability with NPV of US$ 50 millions and some reduction on the CO2eq emissions, as much as to ethanol as to biodiesel. The application strategy was efficient, enabling the analyzes’ realization on tractable dimension systems.
Monitoramento de borboletas frugívoras no Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-31) Almeida, Alicia Antonioli; Urso-Guimarães, Maria Virginia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8718750802689009
Environmental monitoring through animals is widely used in Conservation Units, in order to diagnose the quality of the environment and intervene if necessary. The choice of indicator species should be based on its ecological response to changes in the ecosystem so that it can expose the reality of the environment in which it is inserted. Fruit-eating butterflies represent one of the most used groups for biomonitoring since they are abundant and have low-cost sampling, such as through transects. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze the degree of conservation of internal areas of the Carlos Botelho State Park (CBST), SP with different uses through the Biodiversity Monitoring Program with fruit-eating butterflies. For this purpose, the data was obtained by capturing Lepidoptera of different tribes in 48 traps strategically positioned in three transects, two on the park road and one on the internal road of the CBST. The samplings occurred in January and February 2022. Forty-eight butterflies were counted in total, with a significant representation of individuals from the Satyrini and Brassolini tribes in all transects. Their composition, however, reflects the different conservation statuses of the areas. Specimens of the Satyrini tribe were sampled with greater abundance in open and more anthropized environments (park road) and a greater abundance of specimens of the Brassolini tribe in more conserved environments of continuous forest (road-internal). The Carlos Botelho State Park repeats the same distribution pattern already detected in other CUs in the State of São Paulo participating in this monitoring program, highlighting the importance of continuing this program to understand how the use of the Park affects sensitive populations, in addition to enabling the proposal of measures aimed at mitigating the damage that may be occurring in the internal areas of the Conservation Unity.
A relação com o saber e o uso de mídias durante o ensino remoto: o que pensam os licenciandos e licenciados da UFSCar campus São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-31) Fernandes, Ana Júlia; Carnio, Michel Pisa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0198207700485715; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1764431911641477
The Covid-19 pandemic in 2020 and the consequent social isolation brought changes to the whole world and changes and adaptations in the teaching process were necessary, causing the emergency remote teaching to be implemented to give continuity to the undergraduate courses at universities. Based on this, this study sought to understand the relationship undergraduate students of the UFSCar São Carlos campus during the periods of remote emergency education. The research methodology was carried out through the application of an online questionnaire developed in the Google Forms platform, containing, besides the participants' profile, three different sessions with objective, dissertative and Likert scale questions. In total, 35 students from 7 of the 11 undergraduate courses at the University participated in the research, and the analysis of the answers was done by textual discourse analysis. In general, we were able to observe changes in the students' relationship with knowledge in the identity, epistemological and mainly social aspects, and the dimensions of the relationship with knowledge also suffered changes: for some students there was a reduction or even no sense in studying, while for others the sense was enhanced by the use of digital media; the mobilization was also affected since the students pointed out a more active participation, besides the development of autonomy in the learning process, but a smaller portion pointed out a lower mobilization due to procrastination and tiredness. Finally, the activity was influenced in a positive way, in which the students scored it as easier to study with the use of media, or in a negative way, in which the students felt it was more difficult to study in remote learning. Furthermore, some aspects about ENPE were also identified, such as the reproduction of a unilateral traditional teaching due to the teachers' lack of preparation, besides the limitations of format and content of the digital media used. Therefore, this work contributes to the understanding of the teaching-learning process that occurred during the pandemic period and indicates possibilities for future research on the subject.
Gastando mais aqui e menos ali: explicando gastos em campanha digital
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-31) Vieira, Jonas Henrique Arjona Gonçalves; Silva, Gleidylucy Oliveira da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1871892858720738; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2556-8730
This study proposes a dicussion on which variables and characterics explain the choice to invest in digital campaigns as an electoral strategy. Considering that since 2010 the internet has been central in the political comunication process in Brazil especially in election campaings, this study brings contributions that explain what made candidates and parties invest in this strategy in the 2020’s majoritarian municipal elections. This choice was made because: few municipal campaing were studied in Brazil on this topic; there is considerable variaty of contexts for the dispute; and the majoritarian elections favors strategies centered around candidates, expading our understading about the personal aspects on this relation. Besides, the 2020 was the most recente election that we have data as of right now. The independent variables chosen were canidate’s age, his incumbency status, region of the election, size of the municipality and candidates party. On the results we found that the probability of expending money on digital campaign is higher for candidates on big cities, from South, Middle-West and South-East region and from the traditional parties (MDB and PSDB). However, the probability to spend bigger percentages is affected by the belonging to small parties, by disputing in the big municipalities and by the non-incumbency, an inverse pattern from the one found in the spend/not spend dicothomy. We believe this finding has something to do with strategic uses of resources availables to big and small parties.
Infância contemporânea: análises sobre a relação entre cultura digital, cultura lúdica infantil e conhecimento docente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-31) Indalécio, Anderson Bençal; Alves, Fernando Donizete; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3812723309905378; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9354-7851; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4024869978826528; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5784-6870
When observing the contemporary social and cultural situation, we notice the massive presence of tools that provide digital technologies in the daily lives of people of different age groups. From this, the playful culture for children in contemporary times can be reconfigured when compared to the playful experiences in the childhood period of other human generations, which encourages the emergence of new perceptions and interpretations about playing in childhood. Given the context, the need to discuss the role of teachers as mediating agents of educational processes that interact directly with social phenomena influenced by digital culture and the ludic culture is evident. This research is developed with the search for fundamentals and the exploration of data that promote answers to the following research problem: how digital culture influences the production and reproduction of children's playful culture in contemporary times and how teachers understand and relate to the Children's ludic manifestations in pedagogical practices? In order to pursue elements that contribute to data collection to elucidate the proposed problem, the research aims, in general, to know the influence of digital culture on children's playful activities to understand the processes of constitution of contemporary children's playful culture and identify the teaching interpretations in their relationships with children's experiences and pedagogical practices. An exploratory research process and an inductive method were developed in the processes of planning, collecting and analyzing the results. Data collection instruments were used through a questionnaire for children and interviews with teachers. Data were analyzed using content analysis techniques. The development of the research took place in a school unit of Elementary Education I of the municipal public teaching network of a city in the northwest of the state of São Paulo. Of the total of 575 students enrolled between the morning and afternoon periods, the responses to the questionnaire were recorded by 427 children, with the help of their parents/guardians. Of the total of 31 teachers at the school, 26 contributed to the research through interviews. From the collected data, it was revealed that how the ludic experiences are related to different supports and with the environment that the child accesses and is produced by the individuals who participate in it and their direct or indirect contact, the manipulation of the toy, the interactions with the different actors and supports of the game, there is a favorable field of conversion of media supports to playful experiences in contemporary times. It was found that the infrastructure of digital media has greatly influenced the playful culture of the investigated children. The lack of conceptual clarity about cultural studies, more specifically about digital culture and ludic culture, can lead to the planning and application of precariously grounded pedagogical practices. In addition to technical knowledge about technologies for their effective use – something demanded by contemporary times and which should be part of what the school teaches – pedagogical practices seem to disregard the relevant cultural bases that serve the child's education. Thus, critically reflecting on playful experiences permeated (or not) by digital media is far from the thinking of some teachers. It is concluded that recognizing, understanding and taking a pedagogical position on children's playful culture influenced by digital media, is presented as an indispensable professional practice for contemporary teaching.
Efeito de extratos de folhas de yacon e nisina sobre a viabilidade de Staphylococcus aureus in vitro e em leite
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-31) Oliveira, Maria Isabel; Pimentel Filho, Natan de Jesus; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9157232954010211
Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen and some strains are capable of producing toxins, an important virulence factor. S. aureus was identified as the etiological agent in 12.9% of outbreaks of Waterborne and Foodborne Diseases in Brazil between 2012 and 2021. Foods most commonly involved in cases and outbreaks of staphylococcal intoxication are milk and dairy products, among others animal products. In addition to rigorous monitoring of hygienic-sanitary conditions when handling milk and dairy products, the use of natural antimicrobials as sanitizing agents has shown promising results in controlling microbial development in foods, which also pleases consumers who are increasingly looking for food more natural and safe. This work aimed to verify the effect of yacon leaf extract, a potential natural antimicrobial, and nisin A and V, on the growth of S. aureus ATCC 25923 in vitro and in milk. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined in polystyrene 96-well plates using the microdilution technique in BHI broth. The effect of the yacon extract and nisin A on the viability of S. aureus in milk was evaluated by the pathogen cultivation in the food matrix supplemented with different concentrations of both antimicrobials at 37 ºC. On time points 0, 2, 4, 6, and 24 h, aliquots were removed, diluted and plated on BHI agar. The MIC of yacon extract, nisin A and nisin V was 35 µg/mL, 1.4 µM and 1.8 µM, respectively. The effect of the plant extract and the bacteriocin on the bacteria in milk was not conclusive and consistent with results previously reported in the literature. Both yacon extract and acidified isoprapon-2ol showed similar behavior on the staphylococcal inhibition. Nisin also was not able to inhibit bacterial growth in milk. Although in milk results were not as expected, the antimicrobial potential of yacon and nisin is significant in BHI broth, requiring further studies on the subject so that its efficiency in milk and derivatives can be better evaluated.
Construção de vetor plasmidial para deleção gênica da ORF XAC3162 de Xanthomonas citri subsp.citri
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-31) Candido, Camila Escobar; Goto, Leandro Seiji; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1241086430897870; Novo-Mansur, Maria Teresa Marques; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1198926223396748; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8241037351836089
Citrus canker is a bacterial disease caused by Xanthomonas citri (XAC), which affects all citrus species and causes damage to fruit quality and productivity. In 2022, in Brazil, the world´s largest producer of oranges, the disease presented a high rate of dissemination. The production of β- lactamases by XAC may contribute to its defense against microorganisms, including endophytes, which can secrete β-lactam antibiotics. The gene XAC3162, which is annotated as a β-lactamase in XAC, is an interesting gene to investigate its possible contribution to XAC pathogenicity. This work aimed to obtain a recombinant vector for deletion of XAC3162 gene from XAC genome by double homologous recombination. The l kb upstream and downstream regions of the XAC3162 gene were cloned into the pJET1.2 vector for propagation and subcloned in tandem into the suicide vector pNPTS138, which encodes for kanamycin resistance. Vector construction was successfully performed, as indicated by enzymatic digestion followed by SDS-PAGE. Electroporation of XAC did not yield kanamycin-resistant transformants, despite of several attempts performed under different conditions. More investigations will be needed in the future to elucidate why XAC3162 gene is refractory to deletion by homologous recombination.
Avaliação do impacto da universidade na sociedade através de suas empresas filhas: proposta de modelo conceitual e aplicação piloto em uma universidade brasileira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-31) Cunha, Fernando Guerreiro; Ferrari Junior, Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1581806209106850; Palma, Andreza Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0665252951411171; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6615516756375579
Society has changed over the years and the way universities impact society has also changed: entrepreneurship and innovation are more present guidelines on how universities can impact society. One of these ways is through the generation of entrepreneurial ventures of university graduates (daughter companies) – companies created by people with some connection with the University. MIT, Stanford, UNESP, UNICAMP are examples of universities that mapped and measured the impact of their daughter companies on society, through forms, internet searches, and use of existing databases. The objective of this research was to seek a better understanding on how a university can map its daughter companies, and measure the economic impact of these companies on society. After a literature review, an evaluation of public sources of information on Brazilian companies was carried out, proposing a conceptual model listing alternatives that can be used by universities for mapping and measuring the economic impact of their daughter companies. The conceptual model includes an unprecedented alternative in the literature, which is the automatic search, in public databases, of daughter companies linked to the name or document of students and alumni of the University, resulting in a 100% identification rate of companies. This automatic search, and other aspects of the proposed model, were then tested in a pilot application at the Federal University of São Carlos – UFSCar. To test the automatic search mechanism, a pilot study was carried out with the names of former students of the Computer Engineering course at UFSCar (1992 to 2019), in which 792 former students created 699 companies, of which 453 (66.8% ) Micro Size companies, 47 (7.1%) Small Size companies and 178 (26.1%) Other Size companies. Three hundred sixty-eight (368) of these companies were active at the time of the survey. In addition to the automatic search mechanism, a form was applied that, through spontaneous participation, identified 66 UFSCar daughter companies, of which 34 (51%) answered about their annual revenue and 45 (68.18%) answered about the jobs generated. The annual turnover (of the 34 respondents) was R$35.09 million, and the jobs generated (by the 45 respondents) were 970. The research contributed by organizing information from the literature on the subject, by proposing a conceptual model with an unprecedented mechanism in the literature (automatic search), and by testing this unprecedented mechanism, identifying difficulties, generating discussions, and suggestions for its application on an institutional scale. One of the limitations of the pilot application was the non-exclusion of companies created by namesakes of former students. To go beyond this limitation, it is suggested new research, on an institutional scale, preferably using the document number, and not the name of the former students, which will already exclude companies created by homonyms. It is also suggested that this research be carried out as an institutional action, and after the opinion of the University's legal attorney, resolving doubts and providing legal certainty to the actions. These results can contribute to the generation of objective and broadly applicable indicators on the economic and social impact generated by universities through their daughter companies.
Detecção e rastreamento de meteoros: abordagem em operações morfológicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-31) Campanini, Eduardo Felipe; Mourão, Daniela Cardoso; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8279702605367383; Barcellos, Robson; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9844506370403162; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6009-4825; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2509955704133748; https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0390-6428
The object detection and tracking system implemented in this project consists of a series of steps that involve capturing and preprocessing video frames, object detection through image segmentation, object tracking using a region correlation algorithm, and finally outputting the results in Excel and XML files. The implementation makes use of image processing and computer vision libraries such as OpenCV and Pandas. Object detection is performed through adaptive thresholding and image segmentation, while tracking is done through the KCF algorithm, which uses region correlation to track objects over video frames. The tracking results are stored in a dataframe, which is later sorted and saved to Excel and XML files. The Excel file contains information such as the object identifier, centroid coordinates, and the frame number in which the object was detected. The XML file contains similar information, but in a more structured format. The system showed good results in different test scenarios, being able to detect and track objects with high precision and reliability. The code is highly configurable, allowing adjustments for different types of objects, sizes and speeds of movement, as well as for different video recording environments.