Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2023-05-01"

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    Mulheres em trabalho de telemarketing em home office: impactos do trabalho-família
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-01)
    Moraes, Mariana Futema
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    Borsatto, Ricardo Serra
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/5988987575101933
    This article addresses home office work adopted by telemarketing companies due to the Covid-19 pandemic, which appears to be a continuing trend in the current market in the world. This problem consists of one question: What are the impacts on companies and employees of adopting telemarketing from home during the Covid-19 pandemic? The central objective of the research is to analyze the impacts caused by changes in the routine of telemarketing employees. The specific objectives are to address the history of working from home, identifying the benefits that are based on internal and external factors, such as the relationship between women and the balance between professional and personal life, the employee's quality of life and cost reduction for the company. The results showed that employees, still following the precautions and recommendations, face precarious work conditions, such as: extended working hours, job insecurity and the merger of the work and home environment without adequate preparation.
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    Bibliotecas públicas como agentes de transformação e redução de desigualdades: uma análise da perspectiva do campo Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-02)
    Cerrao, Natalia Gallo
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    Costa, Luzia Sigoli Fernandes
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/8110248272001369
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/0889233459179310
    It is essential that society reflects on its active and questioning role in the use of products and services and also in decisions about science and technology, also to the detriment of informational/digital inclusion and initiatives to combat inequality and unemployment, in particular in today's Information Society. Such observations are concerns and research questions of the Field Science, Technology and Society (STS), and they are being explored in several instances. The main objective of this research is to understand how public libraries operate as agents in the fight against exclusion, inequality, discrimination and misinformation, from the perspective of the Science, Technology and Society (STS) field. In addition, the objective was to identify, in the scientific literature, initiatives and practices that demonstrate the transforming and active role of libraries in society, through proposals for social, technological and informational transformations. In order to achieve the proposed objectives, the methodological procedure of literature review was adopted, performing a search on the CAPES Periodicals Portal through a predefined protocol with search strategies and textual analysis with the creation of a file. Twenty-six articles were identified in accordance with the research objectives, being considered a small number in view of all the content available on the portal. Through the analysis of these articles, it was possible to reflect on the work of libraries and their relationship with the perspectives and reflections of the CTS Field. Among the most expressive activities, storytelling, reading circles, workshops for multiple learning and the availability of computers with Internet access are listed as the ones that were most cited in the retrieved articles, evidencing the expressive performance capacity of the libraries to promote transformations in it’s community.
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    Itinerários rebeldes: a sociologia de Elisabeth Souza-Lobo
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-02)
    Sorbille, Rosana Núbia
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    Cepêda, Vera Alves
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/4917331423373631
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    https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1419-0090
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/9782304564156617
    Esta tesis tiene como objetivo recuperar y evidenciar la originalidad y las contribuciones de la obra de Elizabeth Souza-Lobo para las Ciencias Sociales, en especial para la sociología brasileña. El hilo que conduce este trabajo es el de la reconstitución/presentación de una trayectoria intelectual que fue tejida por un compromiso político permanente, amalgamando saberes constituidos, militancia política y pesquisa académica. La investigación y la presente exposición buscan reproducir este mismo y doble sentido: de un lado, se propone un análisis entrelazado e inseparable de las contribuciones de la autora para los movimientos sociales de mujeres y feministas, organizaciones políticas obreras y la Sociología; de otro, comprender cómo la acción y la responsabilidad política y social incorporada por ella en su concepción de vida académica contribuyó para su agenda de pesquisa y producción intelectual. En otras palabras, una sociología brasileña políticamente comprometida y atada a los dilemas de su tiempo y sus necesarios reposicionamientos. Con ese propósito, para además de situar su producción académica, se destacó la presencia de la autora en las páginas del periódico “Em Tempo”.
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    Estudo da interação cardiorrespiratória e da oferta de oxigênio periférica e cerebral como moduladores da capacidade de exercício durante a aplicação do binível na coexistência da DPOC-IC
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-02)
    Goulart, Cássia da Luz
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    Silva, Audrey Borghi
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/4855616925791895
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    https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3891-6941
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/9790656360225486
    This thesis is composed by 3 studies that will be described below: the study I: “Non-invasive ventilation improves exercise tolerance and peripheral vascular function after high-intensity exercise in COPD-HF patients”. Aim: To evaluate the acute effects of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NiPPV) during high-intensity exercise on endothelial function in patients with coexisting chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and heart failure (HF). Methods: This is a randomized, double blinded, sham-controlled study involving 14 COPD-HF patients, who underwent a lung function test and Doppler echocardiography. In two different days, patients performed incremental cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and two constant-work rate tests (80% of peak work rate from CPET) receiving Sham or NiPPV (bilevel mode - Astral 150) in a random order until the limit of tolerance (Tlim). Endothelial function was assessed using the technique flow mediated vasodilation (FMD) at three time points: 1) Baseline; 2) immediately post-exercise with NiPPV; and 3) immediately post-exercise with Sham. Results: Our patients had a mean age of 70±7 years, FEV1 1.9±0.7 L and LVEF 41±9%. NIPPV resulted in an increased Tlim (NiPPV: 130±29s vs Sham: 98±29s p=0.015) and SpO2 (NiPPV: 94.7±3.5% vs Sham: 92.7±5.2% p=0.03). Also, NiPPV was able to produce a significant increase in FMD (%) (NiPPV: 9.2±3.1 vs Sham: 3.6±0.7, p<0.05), FMD (mm) (NiPPV: 0.41±0.18 vs Sham: 0.20±0.11, p<0.05), Blood flow velocity (NiPPV: 33±18 vs Baseline: 20±14, p<0.05) and shear stress (SS) (NiPPV: 72±38 vs Baseline: 43±25, p<0.05). We found correlation between Tlim vs. ∆SS (p=0.03; r=0.57). Univariate-regression analysis revealed that increased SS influenced 32% of Tlim during exercise with NiPPV. Conclusion: The use of NiPPV during high-intensity exercise can acutely modulate endothelial function and improve exercise tolerance in COPD-HF patients. In addition, the increase of SS positively influences exercise tolerance. Study II: “Can non-invasive ventilation modulate cerebral, respiratory, and peripheral muscle oxygenation during high-intensity exercise in patients with COPD-HF?” Aim: To evaluate the effect of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV)on (1) metabolic, ventilatory, and hemodynamic responses; and (2) cerebral (Cox),respiratory, and peripheral oxygenation when compared with SHAM ventilation during the high-intensity exercise in patients with coexisting chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and heart failure (HF). Methods and Results: On separate days, patients performed incremental cardiopulmonary exercise testing and two constant-work rate tests receiving NIPPV or controlled ventilation (SHAM) in random order until the limit of tolerance (Tlim). During exercise, oxyhemoglobin (OxyHb+Mb) and deoxyhemoglobin (DeoxyHb+Mb) were evaluated in the intercostal and vastus lateralis muscles and cerebral oxygenation in the prefrontal region using near-infrared spectroscopy (Oxymon, ArtinisMedical Systems, Einsteinweg, The Netherlands). NIPPV associated with high-intensity exercise caused a significant increase in exercise tolerance, peak oxygen consumption (V̇O2inmlO2·kg−1·min−1), minute ventilation peak (V̇E in ml/min), peak peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2, %), and lactate/tlim (mmol/s) when compared with SHAM ventilation. In cerebral, respiratory, and peripheral muscles, NIPPV resulted in a lower drop inOxyHb+Mb (p < 0.05) and an improved deoxygenation response DeoxyHb+Mb (p<0.05) from the half of the test (60% of Tlim) when compared with SHAM ventilation. Conclusion: Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation during constant work-rate exercise led to providing the respiratory muscle unloading with greater oxygen supply to the peripheral muscles, reducing muscle fatigue, and sustaining longer exercise time in patients with COPD-HF. Finally Study III: Exercise oscillatory breathing in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: clinical implication. Aim: I) to evaluate the impact of exertional oscillatory ventilation (EOV) in patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF) during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET)compared with patients without EOV (N-EOV); II) to identify the influence of EOV persistence (P-EOV) and EOV disappearance (D-EOV) during CPET on the outcomes of mortality and hospitalization in HFrEF patients; and III) to identify further predictors of mortality and hospitalization in patients with P-EOV. Methods and results: 315 stable HFrEF patients underwent CPET and were followed for 35 months. We identified 202 patients N-EOV and 113 patients with EOV. Patients with EOV presented more symptoms (NYHA III: 35% vs. N-EOV 20%, p<0.05), worse cardiac function (LVEF: 28±6 vs. N-EOV 39±1, p<0.05), higher minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production (V̇E/V̇CO2 slope: 41±11 vs. N-EOV 37±8, p<0.05) and a higher rate of deaths (26% vs. N-EOV 6%, p<0.05) and hospitalization (29% vs. N-EOV 9%, p<0.05). P-EOV patients had more severe HFrEF (NYHA IV: 23% vs D-EOV: 9%, p<0.05), had worse cardiac function (LVEF: 24±5 vs. D-EOV: 34±3, p<0.05) and had lower peak oxygen consumption (V̇O2) (12.0±3.0 vs D-EOV: 13.3±3.0 mlO2.kg-1.min-1, p<0.05). Among P-EOV, other independent predictors of mortality were V̇E/V̇CO2 slope ≥36 and V̇O2 peak≤12 mlO2.kg-1.min-1; a V̇E/V̇CO2 slope≥34 was a significant predictor of hospitalization. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that HFrEF patients with P-EOV had a higher risk of mortality and higher risk of hospitalization (p<0.05) than patients with D-EOV and N-EOV. Conclusion: In HFrEF patients, persistent EOV during exercise had a strong prognostic role. In P-EOV patients, V̇E/V̇CO2 ≥36 and V̇O2 peak≤12 mlO2.kg-1.min-1 were identified as indicators of negative prognosis.
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    Small and time-efficient distribution-free predictive regions
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-02)
    Reis, Victor Candido
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    Izbicki, Rafael
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/9991192137633896
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/2436861079295576
    Predicting a target variable (response) is often the main objective of many studies and investigations. In such scenarios, there are usually other variables, known as covariates, that are more readily available and can assist in the prediction process. Regression and classification methods aim to utilize the statistical associations between all available information to model the variable of interest. During such modeling, there is a significant emphasis on estimating regions that describe the fluctuations of the response, allowing for the quantification of the uncertainty of point estimates. Conformal prediction methods (VOVK; GAMMERMAN; SHAFER, 2005) are a class of methods that aim to provide regions with general shapes and high probability guarantees, assuming only exchangeability, which is a weaker assumption than independent and identically distributed data. This allows for extensive use in various applications. New methodologies have been developed to improve the theoretical properties and applicability of the original ideas, with a practical perspective on execution and computational cost. Motivated by this context, this work aims to enrich the class of conformal prediction methods, with a particular focus on regression problems and proposes a new method that better utilizes available information, provides greater generality in the format of the regions, and is more efficient in terms of computational cost. The proposed method was compared with previous works using simulation studies, and it achieved competitive results.
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    Casas de sementes do Cariri Cearense
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-02)
    Alves, Jorge Henrique
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    Sais, Adriana Cavalieri
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    Fachini, Cristina
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/0115095851353833
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/6214573083338177
    Creole seeds are essencial for the preservation of agrobiodiversisty and are generally stored in individual seed banks or in institutions and collective farmers. Seed houses has an important role in the Brazilian semi-arid region, including the territory of Cariri, Ceará. Mapping and knowing the diversity of materials in the seed houses is necessary to understand the impacts and advantages of this social technology, as well as to define strategies to strengthen these spaces through the social organization linked to the development of public policy. The aim of this research is to map the creole seed houses in Cariri, Ceará, and analyze the diversity of materials kept in them. For this, the seed houses were registered and mapped throughout the Cariri region using georeferencing to produce maps through the spatial analysis tool QGIS 3.26. Based on visits, observations, and collection of information about the creation and management of seed houses, information was obtained regarding seed diversity. Thirteen active seed houses were identified in Cariri, most of them present in the central region, where organized agriculture communities are concentrated and there is support from partner institutions in the management and structuring of the seed houses. There was a great diversity of species stored, with beans, corn, fava beans, rice, sesame and pumpkin being the main species.
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    Desenvolvimento do aplicativo "O Número Secreto" e uma experiência de aplicação para alunos do ensino fundamental
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-03)
    Tagliaferro, Daniel
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    Caetano, Paulo Antônio Silvani
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/0370219014539994
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/4462665985560884
    The present work has, as its objective, the development of an application of the game “The Secret Number”, available on the OBMEP´s website, and its proposed use in the classroom. Currently, Math teachers face enormous difficulties in teaching various contents, especially topics that require great mental effort from students, since the modern student is a differentiated one who requires new and innovative practices for effective learning. So, the use of games in the classroom is an interesting pedagogical option. The game “The Secret Number” was chosen as it contributes to the development of mathematical logic, the fundamental theorem of counting, and basic notions of probability. The application was developed on the SCRATCH platform and the activity sheets were created using the CANVAS application. Through the application of the game in the classroom, a gradual improvement was observed in the students' strategies to win the game, as well as an increase in their interest in the contents being taught.
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    Abuso sexual infantil no contexto judicial: revisão integrativa de estudos documentais e análise das consequências da efetivação da Lei n. 13.431/2017 em uma amostra de sentenças judiciais
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-03)
    Peres, Diego Lorca
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    D'Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584
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    https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9103-0616
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/6854134174753426
    This dissertation aimed to analyze the phenomenon of Child Sexual Abuse - CSA in its interface with the Justice System, especially with regard to the trajectory of the alleged victims and the quality of the interventions offered during the judicial processes. In the Brazilian context, it was intended to observe possible consequences of the changes promoted by Law n. 13.431/2017, which establishes the Guarantee System for the Rights of Children and Adolescents Victims or Witnesses of Violence. For this, two studies were carried out, the first with the objective of carrying out an integrative review of national and international literature of documentary studies with samples of criminal cases related to the ASI and the second with the objective of identifying the proposed changes in Law n. 13.431/2017 through a documentary research based on a sample of judicial sentences associated with CSA cases. The integrative review was carried out following the guidelines of the PRISMA 2020 protocol. The electronic databases Scopus, PsycNET, PubMed and Scielo were consulted, using the descriptors: “sexual abuse” AND child OR children AND justice OR “forensic psychology” OR “legal processes” OR “judicial actions” OR lawsuits OR “legal decisions” OR “court decisions” OR “psychological report” OR “psychological expertise” and similar words in Portuguese, for articles published in English, Portuguese and Spanish between 2010 and 2020. Initially 538 articles were found, 530 of which were deleted according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The results pointed to: the incipience in relation to documentary research supported by legal proceedings related to the CSA, mentioning limitations of access to more robust and complete data; significant flaws in conducting psychological expertise; disregard for good practices in interviews and non-use of forensic interview protocols in children's testimonies. In the documentary research, data were collected through an electronic tool with open access to Court of Justice of the State of São Paulo information. Initially, 221 sentences were found, of which 27 were selected according to inclusion/exclusion criteria. With regard to the profile of victims, aggressors and characterization of violence, the results found confirmed previous studies, demonstrating the complex dynamics involved in these cases. During the identification and analysis of the main documents that supported the judgments, the insistence on the search for material evidence was observed, evidenced by the high prevalence of medical expertise, to the detriment of psychological expertise, carried out in only one third of the cases analyzed, despite its effectiveness and influence on the outcome of judicial decisions. With regard to the specific objective of evaluating the impact of enforcing Law n. 13.431/2017, a trend towards a decrease in the total processing time of cases was identified, greater speed in scheduling the testimony of victims in court and an increase in the rate of convictions. It is hoped that the present study can contribute to the understanding of the ASI phenomenon in its interface with the Justice System and that the collected data can be used in training strategies for professionals involved in the system of guaranteeing the rights of children and adolescents.
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    Campos de Yang-Mills fracamente estáveis na esfera de dimensão quatro
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-03)
    Caetano Junior, Claudinei
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    Hartmann Junior, Luiz Roberto
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/4217613854338579
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    https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4854-9193
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/9065072792940925
    In this work we made a quick study on some basic results related to Groups and Lie Algebras, action of Groups and Fiber Bundles with the objective of defining connections in Principal Bundles and, later, in Associated Vector Bundles. Once these concepts are understood, in the main part of this work, following the article Stability and Isolation Phenomena for Yang-Mills Fields by J.P. Bourguignon and H. B. Lawson Jr., we developed the “geometric environment” and defined the Yang-Mills Functional in order to demonstrate a stability result, namely: every weakly stable Yang-Mills field on S4 with structure group G = SU(2),SU(3),U(1) or U(2) is self-dual or anti-self-dual.
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    A pauta racial nas empresas brasileiras e as experiências raciais de trabalhadores/as negros/as do setor de tecnologia da informação e comunicação
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-04)
    Ribeiro, Denise Santos
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    Pires, Aline Suelen
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/8860270341724853
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    https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5932-1050
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/4800287845211741
    In this master’s research, we aim to understand how the “racial agenda” has been mobilized by Brazilian companies, especially from the repercussions of the murder of George Floyd, and how black informational/digital workers experience insertion and permanence in a markedly white sector, which, to a greater or lesser extent, have sought to incorporate this “agenda”. To this end, we followed cases of companies that had public repercussions on the national scene, either through statements considered racist or selection processes exclusive to black professionals. We work with the Nubank, Magazine Luiza, and Ável repercussions. Aligned with this larger context, we sought to understand the perceptions of black informational workers who work in technology companies in the city of São Carlos-SP. We used the life history method to access black employees’ perceptions and racial experiences in different stages of their lives, focusing on their racial experience in the current work. Based on the interviews, we sought to understand whether and in what ways these workers would be targets of racial distinction. We noticed that their organization in a collective or committee allows important deliberations for this group and its permanence within the company. This ambiguous position these workers occupy in the company does not escape the logic of exploitation, since they become the main ones responsible for combating the inequalities that cross them through the creation of actions of diversity and inclusion, and the racial literacy of the other workers, without the due financial return. Finally, we try to discuss through the literature how the concepts of diversity, identity, and difference are understood in this context.
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    Alternativa de amostragem para a realização da identificação do perigo da fauna nos aeródromos brasileiros
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-04)
    Silva, Fernando Lopes da
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    Medolago, Cesar Augusto Bronzatto
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/9388754660245476
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    Silveira, Luís Fábio
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/5263574197578953
    Upon taking flight, humanity began to experience conflicts hitherto unheard of, and the Wright brothers, pioneers of American aviation, recorded the first occurrence of wildlife hazard in history in 1905 even before the airplane was invented the following year by the Brazilian Alberto Santos Dumont. The development of aviation in the interwar period forced countries to raise levels of aviation organization, which allowed an increase in the flow of transport, with this, conflicts also grew. Lifting, handling and management techniques need to be tested and applied in order to increase operational safety. MCA 3-8 is the main wildlife hazard manual used in Brazil, both by civil and military airports, and this manual contains the procedures related to the achievement of a preliminary approach to identify the problems related to the wildlife of a given airport: Wildlife Hazard Identification (IPF). Is the execution of this procedure restricted to the suggestion in the manual or was it possible to find an alternative? The manual directs the preparation of the IPF by carrying out two wildlife survey samples monthly over the course of a year. The data presented show that an alternative to this sampling model is viable, concentrating the surveys in a shorter period, within each season of the year, without detriment to the sampling effort. In the present study, regardless of whether the data were obtained through monthly or seasonal surveys, the risk matrices indicated the same problem species, even with the same degree of risk, that is, for the main objective of a animal census that will compose an IPF, both proposals for obtaining the data met the needs for the analyses. From the creation of the IPF, the management process is able to be better conducted and the entire prevention chain can occur in a fluid way, with actions and resources being allocated to the right places. In short, airport managers will now be able to have more than one alternative for identifying dangers related to wildlife for air operations within their reality. It will be possible to choose the most viable option so that occurrences involving animals and aircraft are mitigated and all the lives involved are preserved, which is important for both airsafety and conservation.
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    Ritmo das temperaturas do ar e os possíveis efeitos da área verde na atmosfera urbana de Sorocaba.
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-05)
    Silva, Isabele Cristina Andrade da
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    Martines, Marcos Roberto
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/5317839291904450
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    https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7464-2431
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/4153908615907341
    This monography addresses the effects of green areas in urban atmospheres, highlighting the influence of these areas on air temperature. Initially, existing knowledge about how green space can mitigate the adverse effects of urban heat islands and improve air quality in urban environments is discussed.To investigate this relationship, the study chose to utilize data collected in the year 2021 from two meteorological stations: the UFSCar station, which serves as a reference for a cooler and more natural environment, and the CETESB station, representing an urban meteorological environment. The selected data collection locations were the UFSCar Campus and the central area of Sorocaba city. The analysis was based on meteorological information collected throughout the year 2021, spanning from January to December, enabling the assessment of air temperature variations across different seasons. For this purpose, the statistical test "T-test" was employed, which is used to compare means of two samples, determining if observed differences are statistically significant. The T-test was applied to compare air temperatures recorded at the UFSCar station and the CETESB station, allowing the evaluation of whether the green areas present at UFSCar influenced thermal variations compared to the central urban area of Sorocaba. From this test, the probability of the observed difference being due to chance or statistically significant will be determined. In conclusion, the research will explore the relationship between green areas and air temperature variations in urban atmospheres. The results obtained through statistical analysis suggest whether there is statistically significant evidence that green areas can influence urban temperatures, with important implications for sustainable urban planning and the promotion of healthier environments in cities.
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    A utilização do Chat GPT e o processo de alfabetização científica e tecnológica no mundo contemporâneo
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-05)
    Carvalho, Gabriel Cardoso
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    Milaré, Tathiane
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/4030661520659155
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    https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6557-1769
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/6628609373474184
    Currently, it is often observed that artificial intelligence is one of the most discussed subjects around the world. The new technologies are presented in a very abrupt way to society, and often this presents itself as a problem to be fought, considering that lately there is a lot of trust in the information present online, which is a problem, because the search for complete information and veracity of information is increasingly scarce. The ChatGPT tool shows itself as a positive and useful tool in a lot of aspects, but it also presents itself as a negative tool, considering the possibility of false information. It is not really discussed the right use of this kind of tool, which is being considered a possible problem for the professionals in education who are having problems with their students, considering that most of the answers are copied from the ChatGPT. Nevertheless, the great problem observed is the lack of critical sense and the right instruction to use this tool, because the answers are wrong most of the time, which is a problem for the formation of the student. Knowing about this problem, it is necessary to observe and qualify the usage of this kind of tool and then observe how the scientific and technological literacy is presented in the formation of the users. For that, a formulary was distributed to observe how people asked the questions to the tool, and then analyzes, based on scientific and technological literacy, which fundamentals are presented when people use this kind of tool. 35 answers were obtained, and the analysis of the answers was based on a categorization method. In the answers obtained from the formulary, it was possible to observe important aspects of the scientific and technological literacy defended by Fourez, such as the good use of specialists, the opening of black boxes, the use of simple models, the good use of translations, the use of interdisciplinary knowledge, and the good articulation between knowings.
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    Programação da produção em ambientes de manufatura aditiva: análise do estado-da-arte e proposta de método de resolução
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-05)
    Dall'Agnol, Gabriela
    ;
    Tavares Neto, Roberto Fernandes
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/6954662222457389
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    https://lattes.cnpq.br/7814486222201557
    With the advancement of production technologies and materials, it is currently possible to use Additive Manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, for the large-scale production of finished products, with numerous advantages, such as a high level of customization, simplification of factory floor and fast delivery. Production sequencing, known as Scheduling, is a well-established topic in his research area, but its application within an AM environment faces specific issues that have yet to be explored by researchers. The present study carries out a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) on the subject, in order to identify the main mathematical models, algorithms adopted for their solution and the main characteristics of the computational experiments carried out. The considered environment was mathematically modeled and, subsequently, a constructive heuristic solution multi-start based on the GRASP algorithm (Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure) was implemented in order to solve this problem. From generated instances, its performance was evaluated through computational experiments. The results showed that the proposed heuristic managed to obtain good results in very little computational time, in addition to achieving a low gap dispersion, indicating a high repeatability of the implemented heuristic.
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    Efeito das correntes elétricas de baixa e média frequência e de dispositivos de vibração na intensidade da dor associada a carboxiterapia em mulheres com celulite na região glútea
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-05)
    Sadala, Adria Yared
    ;
    Liebano, Richard Eloin
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/1397951221512127
    ;
    https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4795-6723
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/9419751468314167
    Carboxytherapy is an invasive nonsurgical technique with broad applicability for different esthetic functions, especially cellulite. Pain is the main limiting factor for its use. Electrophysical resources such as electroanalgesia and vibratory devices have been attracting attention, effectively controlling acute pain associated with injectables. Thus, it is important to investigate the effects of these therapeutic techniques on carboxytherapy pain management. To that end, 2 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted. The first investigated the effects of low and high-frequency currents on carboxytherapy pain in women with cellulite. Another objective was to assess sensory comfort at the different currents. The study involved 75 women with moderate and/or severe cellulite in the gluteal region. The subjects were randomized into 3 groups: TENS (n=25), interferential current (n=25) and Aussie current (n=25), and underwent 3 carboxytherapy sessions associated with the electric current. Outcomes: pain intensity and sensory comfort. There was no significant intergroup difference for pain intensity or sensory comfort in the three sessions (p > 0.05 and p = 0.502, respectively). The second test investigated the analgesic effect of two vibratory devices associated with carboxytherapy in women with cellulite. A total of 78 women with moderate and/or severe cellulite in the gluteal region were randomized into 3 groups: VD1 (Carboxytherapy and vibratory device 1), VD2 (Carboxytherapy and vibratory device 2) and Control Group (Carboxytherapy). Outcome: pain intensity. Assessments were carried out in a single treatment session. No significant difference was found for pain intensity between the devices and the control group: VD1 (4.95 ± 2.35), VD2 (4.90 ± 2.22) and Control (4.97 ± 2.43) (p =.997). The vibratory devices did not reduce pain intensity during carboxytherapy in women with cellulite in the gluteal region.
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    Educação e agricultura camponesa em Araras/SP: apontamentos para a educação em Ciências
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-05)
    Sala, Lorena Laís
    ;
    Valdanha Neto, Diógenes
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/8853958256665125
    ;
    https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8170-0484
    ;
    Sebastiani, Renata
    Rural schools have a fundamental role, which goes beyond the act of educating, is an educational modality that aims at the social and political transformation of the subjects and the various dimensions of individuals. In this perspective, science education is one of the responsible for the transformation of students into more critical citizens and capable of becoming agents of transformation of the world in which they live. Thus, this research, which has a qualitative character, sought to identify aspects of everyday peasant life that can contribute to the teaching of science. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five family members of students from the field school, as well as observations, with a field diary. In this context, the participants of the research present the ideal school, which here we call dream school, and according to them this school constitutes as one of the fundamental tools for the continuity of rural settlements, family farming and aspects that involve life in the countryside. In addition, the data presented show the possibility of dialogue between family farming and science teaching, which is based on the social reality of students and the community, which is essential for the subjects to transform their social reality. In this sense, from the voices that have long been silenced, there are possibilities that can contribute in various aspects to this school and the return of their activities, approach to life in the field and the Operational Guidelines for Basic Education in the field.
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    Efeito da interrupção de um programa de exercícios na capacidade física de idosos e associação com a percepção de saúde no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-05)
    Message, Laura Bonome
    ;
    Rossi, Paulo Giusti
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/5241610268196898
    ;
    https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8052-3394
    ;
    Takahashi, Anielle Cristhine de Medeiros
    Introduction: The containment required in the COVID-19 pandemic, especially of the older population, was necessary to contain the spread of the disease. However, this situation brought with it some negative aspects in physical capacity and mental health, which, may be associated with the perception of health. Objective: To evaluate the subjective perception of health and physical capacity of older adults who practiced supervised and group physical exercise in the pre-COVID19 pandemic period. Method: This is a longitudinal retrospective analysis, in which older adults duly enrolled in a UFSCar extension project were invited to participate. Physical capacity assessment (Timed Up and Go, handgrip strength, 30-second sit-to-stand test and single-leg support) took place in March 2020 and as soon as the program's on-site activities were resumed in February 2022. Mental health (Perceived Stress Scale - PSS-10 and Geriatric Depression Scale - GDS) was assessed only in February 2022. In the statistical analysis, the Paired t-test and the Wilcoxon test were applied to analyze the results of physical capacity. The Pearson or Spearman test was used to analyze the correlation between mental health aspects and health perception. Results: Fifty-seven older adults participated in the research, the majority being women (78.6%) with an average age of 73.88 years. Most of them had a good or very good health perception, both in 2020 (91.23%) and in 2022 (78.95%) and 85.72% of them self-evaluated their health as good or very good when compared to other ones in the same age group. The subjective perception of physical capacity, however, had a high percentage of reference for worsening muscle strength (48.21%) and balance (42.86%). It was observed, after two years of confinement, a worsening in the physical tests, except in the handgrip strength test and in the unipodal support with the left leg. In mental health, most older adults did not show symptoms of depression (89.3%) or perceived stress (76.4%) in 2022. Finally, it was noted that the worst results related to mental health was not associated with perceived health after a period without supervised physical exercise. Conclusion: The confinement caused by the pandemic led to a deterioration in the physical capacity of the older adults, except in the handgrip strength test and single leg support with the left leg. In addition, it was observed that a large proportion of these older adults had a good global perception of health, but the subjective perception of physical capacities had a high reference percentage for worsening after the period without performing supervised and group physical exercises. Finally, mental health was not correlated with a worse subjective perception of the physical capacity of the older adults.
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    Abordagem computacional para avaliação automática da qualidade da argumentação na dimensão retórica de tweets no domínio da política brasileira
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-08)
    Silva, Cássio Faria da
    ;
    Neris, Vânia Paula de Almeida
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/0268728255033469
    ;
    https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4059-8700
    ;
    Caseli, Helena de Medeiros
    Research in the area of argumentation, inherent to human beings and essential for both spoken and written communication, dates back to the 4th century BC. The argument is multidisciplinary and covers several fields of research, including computer science. Communication has evolved to social networks, which are a considerable source of argumentative texts in various domains, such as politics. The automatic evaluation of arguments is the subject of recent studies in the area of Natural Language Processing and computational models that seek to perform this task are being proposed, especially based on algorithms based on Support Vector Machines and Deep Learning. In parallel, corpus of argumentative texts in English are being produced. As a way of contributing to research related to the assessment of the quality of argumentation in Portuguese, this work aims to propose, implement and validate a computational approach, for the automatic assessment of the quality of argumentation in the rhetorical dimension in tweets related to Brazilian politics. The approach involves developing a computational model, an annotated corpus with policy-related messages, and task-specific annotation guidelines. The studies carried out here showed that the most appropriate way to assess the quality of arguments in tweets related to Brazilian politics was using a neural model generated from the fine-tuning of BERTimbau. The proposed model was able to predict with 100% accuracy instances of the High quality argumentation class.
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    Avaliação de áreas prioritárias para restauração florestal como medida conservacionista dos recursos hídricos
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-08)
    Souza, Andressa Fernanda Cordeiro de
    ;
    Martines, Marcos Roberto
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/5317839291904450
    ;
    https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7464-2431
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/4736331442174698
    The current scenario of demand for water for supply reinforces the imminent need for responsible management of water resources, aiming at adequate treatment and efficient availability for quality distribution to the population and other activities that demand the resource in society. The conservation of water resources presupposes an analysis of the interaction and functional unity between the water element and the other elements of the landscape, such as vegetation and soil, as well as an integrated analysis of the spatial dynamics of vegetation cover and land uses. This work aims to establish an environmental diagnosis based on the elaboration of a synthesis map of criticality of Capela do Alto/SP. The Ponderative Boolean Method technique was used, based on the analysis of the landscape in the APPs in each sub-basin of the municipality, in order to evaluate the priority areas for forest recovery as a conservationist measure of water resources. The analysis of land uses showed that the municipality has 1/3 of its territory with a predominance of the clean field classification (39%), followed by the forest classification (20%) and exposed soil (14%). The land uses in the hydrographic APP delimitation show predominance of forest (41%) and clean field (34%). The diagnosis of environmental fragility was based on the correlation of four analysis factors: vegetation cover and land use, hydrographic APP zoning, slope models and soil types, observing that 80% of all 10 sub-basins have at least more than 50% of its delimited area classified as high and very high environmental fragility in relation to the conservationist potential of water resources. Data validation shows that the groups of sub-basins represent different sets among themselves and, therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the priority areas based on the integrated correlation of factors (physical, social, economic and environmental), as well as being valid for a decision making as separate units.
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    Da Síria a São Paulo: a vinda de famílias refugiadas sírias ao interior paulista
    (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-09)
    Cunha, Gabrielle da
    ;
    https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7811-2641
    ;
    Machado, Igor José de Renó
    ;
    https://lattes.cnpq.br/4705450652848752
    ;
    https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7811-2641
    This research aims to analyze the relationship between historical Syrian migration and the arrival of Syrian refugee families to Itapira, a city in the countryside of São Paulo, in order to understand the similarities and continuities in the migrant experience of a Syrian extended family that in 1945 had a relative who came to live in the country. After her, due to the impacts of the Syrian war, her brother and nephews came to take refuge in this same city, starting in 2011, and were also supported by her. Using ethnographic observation, statistical data and bibliographic references from Anthropology, Sociology, History and Demography on international migration and refuge in the state of São Paulo and Brazil, between 1880 and 2016, it was verified, from the trajectories of the interlocutors participating in the research, that the similarities and continuities in the integration process of refugee families are similar to those experienced by the aunt. In general, they are related to the difficulty of communication due to the language, the prejudiced view that the receiving society had towards them, but also the opportunities to live and have a dignified life in foreign territory after years established in Brazil. In addition, it also shows that migratory categories homogenize and frame refugees in a process that removes their identity, peculiarities and diverse possibilities and modes of existence that cooperate with the processes of invisibilization for the maintenance of social vulnerability and withdrawal of rights. In addition to adaptation, the trajectory of religious and conflict refugees is marked by memories of the violence they have suffered and in a way keeps them connected, or not, with their homeland.