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Cuidados paliativos oncológicos em um serviço de atendimento domiciliar: enfoque sobre as repercussões ocupacionais vivenciadas pelos pacientes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-07-31) Chagas, Ana Catarina das Neves; Bombarda, Tatiana Barbieri; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8070700589653226; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9478-7945; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9064893740250627; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6594-3577
Access to disease-modifying treatment for a serious illness is a right of individuals diagnosed with oncological diseases. However, considering the life-threatening nature of this form of care, oncological palliative care should be linked. The situation of a person being affected by cancer, combined with the prognosis that leads to inclusion in palliative care, provides insights into how changes in people's occupations may occur due to physical and mental limitations. Disruptions in daily occupations as a result of experiencing cancer and its treatment can occur, altering how individuals engage in self-care, work, social, and leisure activities. Consequently, a reduction in the well-being of individuals with advanced oncological diseases can occur due to potential incapacities to perform desired and essential daily occupations. This study aims to describe the main occupational repercussions experienced by individuals in oncological palliative care. It is a qualitative exploratory and cross-sectional study, a multiple-case study approach, conducted with individuals of both genders aged 18 or older, affected by any type of neoplasm, and receiving palliative care from a home care service of a reference hospital in the city of Belém/Pará. An individual interview was conducted at the participants' homes, with a sequential administration of questionnaires. Information from the instruments was systematically organized descriptively, and interview data were analyzed according to the principles of content analysis. The results presented 6 clinical cases, where physical symptoms, emotional symptoms, environmental barriers, fragility in social support, and lack of future perspectives/hope are perceived by participants as factors that directly impact occupations, along with a multitude of symptoms present in the daily lives of each participant. It was observed that most participants attributed a sense of positive changes to some occupational repercussions experienced due to illness. Five analytical categories were identified from the interview data: "Self-perception of occupation's absence", "Occupational repercussions as a consequence of illness and/or treatment", "Influencing factors in satisfaction with performing occupations", "Conceptions about occupational repercussions due to illness and/or treatment", and "Perceptions of received multiprofessional assistance". Participants' experience of occupational imbalance was observed, with routines centered on the adapted performance of basic activities. The presence of multiple physical and emotional symptoms highlights the fragility of the guiding principle of palliative care in promoting symptom relief, as participants generally reported the presence of dozens of symptoms negatively influencing occupational performance. The expansion of investments in research focused on the occupational repercussions of palliative care patients is recommended, aiming to provide evidence that assists in perceiving similarities across different regions of the country and within various healthcare facilities within the health care network.
Estudo do processo de obtenção de filmes espessos autossustentados porosos por meio de sinterização seletiva a laser
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-07-31) Mendes, Flávia Bueno; Andreeta, Marcello Rubens Barsi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7904227795652627; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8436-5706; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0972124399108050; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6565-7212
BaTiO3 is an ABO3-type perovskite with tetragonal structure at room temperature and is also known for its excellent dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties and is used in dielectric capacitors, sensors, actuators and sound detectors. The performance of these components, as well as that of any ceramic component, is strongly influenced by the characteristics of the precursors used and the processing route chosen. The preparation of materials by new routes can lead to the discovery of distinct morphological characteristics, and change the properties of these materials. A route that has been widely used in ceramic processing is known as Additive Manufacturing, which covers technologies that allow the creation of objects from a virtual model. One such technology is the selective laser sintering method - SLS, where a CO2 laser will irradiate the sample, producing surface heating in a time interval of a few seconds, making it possible to obtain bodies with different properties from those sintered by conventional methods. Ceramic materials, due to their low resistance to thermal shock, are sintered through indirect selective laser sintering - iSLS, where the ceramic material is mixed with a polymer that will melt during the process and bind the ceramic particles. The objective of this work is to study the parameters of the preparation process of porous ceramics by indirect selective laser sintering to obtain self-sustained thick films of pure BaTiO3. Also in this context, the results of computer simulations on the temperature distribution on the surface of the powder bed will also be presented during the iSLS process. Such study encompassed the elaboration of a three-dimensional mathematical model for the problem, the solution of the model through the Finite Element Method using the COMSOL Multiphysics software, and the validation of the results by comparing the results obtained with data generated in experimental work.
A mediação de leitura literária na biblioteca: saberes, práticas e competência do(a) bibliotecário(a)-educador(a)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-07-31) Tavares, Ane Carolina Randig; Monteiro, Maria Iolanda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4189205834370563; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-1437; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7013446921403880
The aim of this study is to reflect on the social role of the librarian in the promotion and dissemination of literary reading for children and adolescents in school libraries. The School Library is a political issue, so instituting reading and library policies is critical to democratizing access to various sources of information, promoting the reading of literary books and contributing to the formation of competent readers through a continuous process of learning. Embedding the school library in the teaching process offers students the opportunity to expand their knowledge, through the various resources and materials available in this educational environment. Given the possibilities of this space and the scarcity of research in librarian-led literary reading mediation, this investigation discusses the practices of reading mediation that occur in community school libraries, entitled “Schools of the Future” linked to the municipal schools of São Carlos-SP. From the interviews conducted with librarians, we seek to understand the knowledge, practices and dimensions of competence involving these activities to answer the central question: how does literary reading mediation relate to the dimensions (technical, aesthetic, ethics, politics) of the librarian’s professional competence? This qualitative research project uses oral history, since it analyzes subjective elements of the interviewed librarians. The theoretical foundation is very diverse, and its main authors are: Bakhtin (1981, 1997), Candido (2011), Castrillón (2011), Chartier (1999; 2003; 2004), Colomer (2007), Cosson (2014; 2018), Freire (1987; 2011) , Kleiman (1995; 2005), Lajolo (2016), Petit (2008; 2013; 2017), Reyes (2010; 2012) that address reading and literature; Bicheri and Almeida Júnior (2013), Bortolin (2010), Campello (2003; 2015), Campello et al. (2012), Milanesi (2002) that discuss the school library and the librarian; Abad (2003), Bretas (2014) that discuss public policies related to library and reading; Vitorino (2020), Rios (2010) that present the dimensions of professional competence. We concluded that: 1) the librarian is a mediator-educator and is fully aware of his social and educational function by committing to the work of literary reading mediation; 2) The competence that involves their knowledge is multifaceted; 3) Sensitivity and empathy are necessary to nurture a pleasant, critical and significant reading experience; 4) Competence encompasses the notion of doing one's duty well and requires a set of knowledge and skills that imply a position in relation to the context in which one is inserted (ethical and political dimensions); 5) Although libraries have some limitations, these spaces have contributed to the formation of literary readers; 6) The need for investments in infrastructure of the municipal school libraries is urgent so that this important project continues to be strengthened; 7) There is a need to elaborate municipal public policy for the acquisition of books and renewal of collections as well as to ensure that external activities can happen in the library (i.e., hiring storytellers and writers), ensuring the effective functioning of these spaces that enrich the reading formation of library patrons.
Qualidade de vida em pacientes com demência acompanhados em um serviço de Homeopatia em Rio Branco, Acre
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-07-31) Lima, Luiz Fernando Melo; Madruga, Kauan Alves Sousa; Marques, Juliene de Oliveira; Matos, Leonardo; Silva, Carlos Antônio de Arroxelas; Velazquez, Milagros Leopoldina Clavijo; Silva-Nunes, Mônica da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5719047477049107; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9124707788971172; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9590354409180759; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2398171531445588; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7334448056406385; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0605457298007539; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5180108615629613
A demência é uma das principais patologias dos idosos. Por ser uma doença de difícil tratamento, terapias complementares têm sido usadas para proporcionar uma melhor qualidade de vida. Essa qualidade de vida pode ser avaliada através de itens sobre atividades básicas e atividades instrumentais da vida diária, permitindo um melhor acompanhamento das necessidades desse grupo populacional. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o estado funcional e indicadores de qualidade de vida em pacientes com demência que fazem tratamento homeopático complementar no Hospital do Idoso de Rio Branco. Foram avaliados pacientes com demência clínica, acompanhados no Hospital do Idoso da Fundação Hospitalar do Acre e com tratamento homeopático complementar entre 2019 e 2021. Os pacientes eram predominantemente do sexo feminino, com idade média de 77,5 anos, não-escolarizados e aposentados. Foram identificados pacientes com demência leve, moderada e grave com diagnóstico de demência de Alzheimer provável, demência Fronto-Temporal provável ou possível e demência vascular. Cerca de 93,3% dos pacientes eram totalmente dependentes nas atividades instrumentais da vida diária. As atividades que envolviam dinheiro e tomar a medicação foram as mais assistidas. Conclui-se que a gravidade do quadro demencial repercute na dependência funcional do idoso.
On the drag coefficient in particle agglomerates: a CFD approach to propose a new drag correlation
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-07-31) Oliveira, Ricardo Arbach Fernandes de; Lopes, Gabriela Cantarelli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5680967191791061; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4475-6075; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7351904823405755; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4337-9351
In particle-laden flows, it is essential to model the fluid-particle interaction. However, depending on effects such as friction and attraction, surface properties, and collisions, particles can agglomerate, generating new irregularly-shaped particles. Such phenomenon is relevant since the geometry directly interferes with the flow dynamics. One way to evaluate how the particle will interfere is through the drag force. In the theoretical development of equipment, this force is taken into account and represented by the drag coefficient and is highly dependent on two variables: particle geometry and flow velocity. In the literature, several correlations are observed, obtained both in the experimental field or numerical field, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The advantage of using CFD lies in the ease of varying the flow velocity and in obtaining the drag coefficient from the pressure and velocity fields. However, most of these methods employ transient formulations, resulting in highly detailed but computationally expensive outcomes. This cost increases exponentially as the Reynolds number of the flow increases, making the study of turbulent flows infeasible. Consequently, these models are generally obtained for Reynolds numbers below 300 and then extrapolated to higher values when implemented in CFD codes. Thus, this study proposes an alternative approach to the problem by using steady formulation simulations, aiming to reduce computational costs and proposing a new, simple, and unified correlation for the drag coefficient capable of encompassing a wide range of flows, from laminar to turbulent, applicable to irregularly shaped particles and easily implementable in CFD codes. Using CFD simulations with experimental validation, it was possible to obtain the characteristic drag coefficient curve over a wide range of Reynolds numbers (0.1 ≤ Re ≤ 3500) for agglomerates of spheres representing irregularly-shaped particles. By individually simulating the flow around these agglomerates while varying the geometries and flow velocities, a new correlation for calculating the drag coefficient was proposed, capable of fitting the obtained characteristic curves. In general, the results showed that the use of a steady formulation can yield good results provided that the mesh is properly refined and the turbulence model accurately represents the flow. The new correlation, combined with the use of flatness as a geometric characterization parameter, proved effective in representing the drag curve, with maximum, minimum, and average deviations of 10.78%, -7.62%, and 3.79%, respectively, compared to simulated results, and 14.36%, -12.36%, and 9.6% compared to experimental results.
Análise de viabilidade do processo de laser cladding para a recuperação de eixos de transmissão em equipamentos de grande porte
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-07-31) Lorenzoni, Marco Gabriel; Antonialli, Armando Ítalo Sette; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4367459395417045; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0337872462704496
Large-scale gearboxes’ shafts are high-value-added components. In situations where these parts experience superficial wear, a cost-effective solution is the recovery of the damaged region through additive manufacturing processes, particularly laser cladding. Generally, high cooling rates are generated during this operation. They bring benefits such as increased surface hardness of the region and grain refinement, but they also promote the accumulation of thermal stresses in the coating and alteration of the microstructure in the substrate. When these stresses exceed the tensile strength limit of the coating material, it is highly likely that cracks will form in its structure. The most recommended solution to prevent the formation of defects in the coating is preheating the substrate. With this strategy, it is possible to reduce the thermal stresses induced in the process, provide a more homogeneous microstructure to the coating, improve its surface finish, and prevent crack formation in its structure. On the other hand, preheating temperatures can impact the properties of critical regions of the part, such as the surface hardness of the teeth. In pinions and gears, the surface hardness of the teeth is a very important characteristic to ensure their durability. The quality of the coating and control over residual stresses induced in the substrate are essential for the operational reliability of the equipment after the repair. This work presents a study on preheating and deposition parameters aiming to enable the recovery, through the laser cladding process, of shaft necks of large-scale gearboxes’ pinions made of 18CrNiMo7- 6 alloy steel. Following the preheating recommendations for welding according to the equivalent carbon rule, a temperature of 250°C was defined for preheating the region of the shaft to be recovered (50°C above the tempering temperature of the teeth). A preliminary experiment of shaft preheating with a torch was performed to define the input data for the computational model. Through numerical simulation, using the three-dimensional model of the shaft and the finite element method, it was possible to conclude that preheating at 250°C does not compromise the mechanical properties of the teeth. To evaluate the quality of the coating generated with this preheating temperature, the deposition of the HGMET metallic powder alloy was performed on two samples of DIN 18CrNiMo7-6 steel through the laser cladding process. The samples were processed with different preheating parameters and laser power (sample 1: 250°C and 3 kW; sample 2: 400°C and 4 kW). Sample 2 showed good structural integrity of the coating, while severe cracks formed in sample 1. It is concluded that in order to ensure the quality of HGMET coatings deposited by laser cladding on 18CrNiMo7-6 alloy steel substrate, preheating at temperatures around 400°C is necessary, which makes the recovery process infeasible for some regions of the shaft as it affects the surface hardness of the teeth
Bioprospecção de fungos filamentosos e leveduras para a produção de enzimas visando obtenção de etanol de segunda geração
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-07-31) Jesus, Gabriel Scanavachi de; Montagnolli, Renato Nallin; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7455124733755299; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7227397272783828
Ethanol has stood out as a promising alternative to reduce the environmental impact caused by fossil fuels. Sugarcane, being the main raw material for ethanol production in Brazil, becomes a source of renewable energy. In this context, second generation ethanol appears as a promising advance, making more efficient use of lignocellulosic waste. Therefore, the use of physical, chemical or biological pre-treatments on waste is necessary to release sugars for ethanol production. Biological treatment using enzymes produced by fungi has proven to be an efficient and economically viable approach. In this context, the present study isolated four strains of filamentous fungi and three yeasts from decomposing sugarcane bagasse and, after the strain selection stage, three of these filamentous fungi were isolated, together with three yeast strains previously bioprospected. by the research group, they were used in growth tests in medium enriched with sugarcane bagasse, in addition to enzymatic analyzes (CMCase and FPase). The results obtained revealed less favorable growth conditions in medium enriched with sugarcane bagasse compared to control media. However, the strains incubated in medium with bagasse demonstrated positive numbers of FPase and Endoglucanase production, where strain L3 presented the best result analyzed among CMCase (0.47 U/mL), and L2 obtained the best result for FPase (0.25 U/mL). These results indicate the potential of these isolated strains for the production of lignocellulolytic enzymes from sugarcane bagasse, which is relevant for the more efficient use of lignocellulosic residues in the production of second generation ethanol.
New families of linear and partially linear quantile regression models under reparameterized Marshall-Olkin distributions
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-07-31) Cortés, Isaac; Andrade, Mário de Castro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6518161034709249; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5497894016400216
In this dissertation, we propose families of linear and partially linear quantile regression models, where the response variable follows a reparameterized Marshall-Olkin distribution with support on the real line. This distribution presents great flexibility and arises from applying the Marshall- Olkin methodology to distributions of the location-scale family and then reparameterizing the location parameter as a function of the quantile. For this reason, the new distribution’s name is reparameterized Marshall-Olkin, which contains quantile, scale and skewness parameters. The first family has a structure similar to the generalized linear models that enable the use of the maximum likelihood method. Consequently, we calculate the expressions of the score vector and the observed information matrix to perform the statistical inference. The adequacy of models and outlier observations are studied through three types of residuals. In order to assess the sensitivity of the estimates, measures of global and local influence are developed. The second family is an extension of the first family by adding the description of the nonlinear relationship between the quantiles of the response variable and a continuous variable through B-splines. In this family, statistical inference tools are based on the penalized log-likelihood function. Also, analogously to the first family, the residuals and measures of global and local influence are presented. Two examples of applications are considered that illustrate the usefulness of the proposed families for data sets in the areas of health and nutrition.
Avaliação de sintomas depressivos em idosos com e sem demência segundo a escala Cornell em um serviço de Homeopatia em Rio Branco, Acre
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-07-31) Santos, Leonardo Matos; Madruga, Kauan Alves Souza; Lima, Luiz Fernando Melo; Marques, Juliene de Oliveira; Silva, Carlos Antônio de Arroxelas; Velazquez, Milagros Leopoldina Clavijo; Silva-Nunes, Mônica da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2398171531445588; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9124707788971172; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5719047477049107; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9590354409180759; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7334448056406385; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0605457298007539; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5180108615629613
Tanto a demência quanto a depressão são frequentes no idoso, com comprometimento das funções funcionais e sociais. Pessoas com demência podem, ainda, apresentar sintomas depressivos. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a ocorrência de sintomas depressivos em pacientes idosos portadores de demência ou não, usando-se a Escala Cornell, submetidos a homeopatia complementar no Hospital do Idoso da Fundação Hospitalar do Acre. Os participantes foram idosos em acompanhamento por sintomas cognitivos ou motores, que foram submetidos a uma entrevista com questionários individual e socioeconômico; avaliação cognitiva com o exame mini-mental; avaliação do grau da demência usando CDR; e avaliação de sintomas depressivos pela Escala de Cornell. Os diagnósticos de demência mais comuns foram Demência Fronto-Temporal, Demência de Alzheimer e Demência Vascular. A frequência de sintomas depressivos foi de 62,8%, na consulta inicial, sendo maior em pessoas com Demência Fronto-temporal provável (83,3%). Em participantes sem demência, a média da pontuação da Escala de Cornell de 9,08, e em pessoas com demência, de 13,6 pontos. Considerando-se a pontuação obtido na Escala Cornell na primeira consulta e o escore após o uso de homeopatia, houve redução significativa na última avaliação, sugerindo efeito do medicamento homeopático na melhora dos sintomas depressivos.
Desenvolvimento de protocolos para seleção de espécies e avaliação de funções ecológicas e serviços ecossistêmicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-07-31) Francisco, Bruno dos Santos; Piña-Rodrigues, Fatima Conceição Márquez; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1475369713141675; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8713-448X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0670209258231584; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8586-3750
Economic activity, quality of life and cohesion of human societies depend profoundly and irremediably on the services generated by ecosystems, making it relevant to study the dynamics of generation of environmental services and their interactions with human and functional variables. For this we can use tools that help us measure and compare environments, species and ecosystems. In this work we used different protocols to evaluate seedling production, different ecological restoration techniques and different ecosystems in mountain areas. In chapter two, we created and used a protocol for the production of seedlings in a nursery with a more ecological approach, based on attributes chosen based on a bibliographical review. In chapter three, we used the ecological functionality monitoring protocol to evaluate three restoration techniques, one of which is called strip planting, a new technique in the literature that mixes planting seedlings and conducting natural regeneration. In chapter four, we created and applied the ecosystem service assessment protocol in a mountain area in northern Portugal. The adoption of sustainable management practices and the application of systemic data analysis by protocols will serve to improve methods of restoration and monitoring of ecological processes and contribute to the proposition of public policies that value the environmental services provided by different ecosystems
Hidro- & deuterocarbamoilação do alceno de Karady-Beckwith: síntese estereosseletiva da asparagina e seus derivados N4-substituídos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-07-31) Moro, Pedro Augusto Marocco; Paixão, Márcio Weber; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3773908504964104; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0421-2831; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6754104875149690; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3928-9599
The development of sustainable stereoselective methodologies for obtaining compounds of synthetic and biological relevance is highly important in contemporary times. In this regard, the synthesis of non-natural amino acids appears as a possible tool for modulating the properties of small molecules, peptides, and proteins. Visible light has been gaining increasing prominence among the methodologies used for obtaining amino acid derivatives. The use of light presents a good alternative due to its generally mild reaction conditions compared to classical thermal methodologies. Our research group has been developing photocatalytic methodologies for the synthesis of small molecules as well as amino acids and peptide modification. The present work explored the stereoselective synthesis of non-natural amino acids derived from Asparagine. Karady-Beckwith alkene was used as a radical acceptor, 4-carbamoyl dihydropyridines as a source of carbamoyl radicals, and the organophotocatalyst 4CzIPN for the preparation of 23 hydro- and deuterocarbamoylated derivatives in batch and continuous flow. The methodology allowed for the stereoselective synthesis of amino acid derivatives with good to excellent yields under mild conditions and metal-free.
Efeito do fungicida Indaziflam na germinação de sementes de espécies florestais nativas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-07-31) Cardoso, Verônica de Almeida; Dutra, Felipe Bueno; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2753005636186745; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8713-448X; Piña-Rodrigues, Fatima Conceição Márquez; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1475369713141675; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8713-448X
The ecological restoration process uses techniques such as the application of herbicides to reduce weed competition with forest species in the areas of interest. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the germinative responses of seven native forest species Mutambo (Guazuma ulmifolia Lam.), Maricá (Mimosa bimucronata (DC.) Kuntze, Ipê-roxo (Handroanthus heptaphyllus (Vell.) Mattos, Escova de Macaco ( Apeiba tibourbou Aubl.), Mastic pepper tree (Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi), Wild peanut (Pterogyne nitens Tul.,), Taiúva (Maclura tinctoria (L.) D.Don ex Steud.) and Canafístula (Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub. to the pre-emergent herbicide indaziflam. The number of seeds germinated in 4 herbicide concentrations (T1=187.5 ml.ha-1; T2=150 ml.ha-1; T3=112 ml.ha-1) was analyzed ; T4=75 ml.ha-1; T5= distilled water - control) The species S. terebinthifolia (>30%) and H. impetiginosus (>40%) showed sensitivity to the herbicide, with reduced germination compared to the control. However, for P. nitens, regardless of the concentrations of the herbicide, they showed germination greater than 70%, for the species P. dubium, M. bimucronata, G. ulmifolia and A. tibourbou, they also did not show sensitivity to indaziflam. It is suggested that further studies be carried out with more species to better understand the action of the herbicide indaziflam and its effect on the germination of native forest species used in restoration.