Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2023-08-21"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 5446

Estudo da remediação de água contaminada com corantes por adsorção em compósitos de amido termoplástico (TPS) e lignina kraft
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-21)
Ramos, Beatriz Maia
;
Ferreira, Marystela
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4714185516263478
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9459-8167
The disposal of industrial effluents containing dyes creates a major environmental problem, both for aquatic life and for public health. In order to remove these dyes from effluents, adsorption is an easy and extremely viable technique, especially when it involves the use of bioadsorbents. A potential bioadsorbent for the removal of dyes are TPS starch compounds and kraft starch-lignin, since they can be obtained from renewable and low-cost raw materials. The objective of this work was the use of pure starch films (TPS) and the kraft starch-lignin compound (TPS-KL) for the adsorption of two dyes: methylene blue and methyl orange. The study was carried out through the results of adsorption and desorption for these two films obtained by UV-vis spectroscopy. Subsequently, the films were characterized by their morphological (Scanning Electron Microscopy), chemical (infrared Fourier transform and visible ultraviolet spectroscopy) and physicochemical (solubility and thickness) characteristics, before and after undergoing dye adsorption. The results obtained experimentally show that the TPS-KL starch biosorbent presented a high removal potential (~95%) for the methylene blue dye, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 175,92 mg g-1, but a low potential for removal (~22%) for the methyl orange dye, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 40,74 mg g-1, proving its efficiency for use in effluent treatments. Therefore, it is a viable process and less aggressive to the environment, since it uses lignin and starch, biomass components, as adsorbent.
Potencialidades e limitações das barras de aço com 700 MPa de resistência ao escoamento em vigas de concreto armado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-21)
Uliana, Murilo Scieve
;
Parsekian, Guilherme Aris
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7798651726059215
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5939-2032
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3867445833378113
The objective of this work was to conduct parametric studies of reinforced concrete beams with bar of the conventional CA-50 and of “CA-70” in order to compare these elements in terms of the behavior of structural elements, costs and consumption of materials. . For the comparison to be valid, it is necessary that all elements meet the Limit States imposed in ABNT NBR 6118:2014. The Brazilian standard for Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures does not provide for the use of steel with a yield strength of 700 MPa in reinforcement. Therefore, it was necessary to resort to national and international standards, fundamentals of solid mechanics, articles, and monographs; to identify the consequent implications in the design processes caused using new product in the Brazilian market, without national technical regulation. In possession of all elements with correct dimensioning in terms of technical safety and service, the comparison could be conducted.
Avaliação do efeito da progesterona sintética em macrófitas (Salvinia auriculata)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-21)
Sant’ana, Laiane Neri
;
Santino, Marcela Bianchessi da Cunha
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2356641063223397
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6048-0745
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0393130647666806
Microcontaminants are substances that have been found in various environmental compartments. These compounds raise concerns about their effects in the medium to long term, especially the category of endocrine disruptors that can cause damage to biodiversity such as a drop in fertility and genetic changes in living beings. In this context, this study evaluated the action of synthetic progesterone on the growth of the leaf area of the floating macrophyte Salvinia auriculata. Considering that it is a microcontaminant drug, it is believed that progesterone causes negative impacts on the development (growth and reproduction) of S. auriculata. Three different concentrations of progesterone diluted in water were analyzed: Treatment A = 0.225 mg/L, B = 0.450 mg/L and C = 0.900 mg/L. For each concentration, 100 individuals of S. auriculata were used, 50 for the Control Treatment (without hormone addition) and 50 for the other treatments. The leaf area of S. auriculata, in each treatment, was measured over 5 weeks and, subsequently, mathematical modeling was used to parameterize the growth of the macrophyte. Surprisingly, the results showed that the growth of S. auriculata was significantly more accelerated in treatments with progesterone, suggesting that this hormone stimulated its growth at the tested concentrations. However, the high growth of macrophytes can also be harmful to aquatic environments, making the multiple uses of water difficult and reducing the productivity of submerged plants, since floating species, such as S. auriculata, block sub-aquatic radiation.
Dinâmica de inoculante microbiano encapsulado em solos sob diferentes condições abióticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-21)
Graciano, Vanessa Araujo
;
Farinas, Cristiane Sanchez
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9933650905615452
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9985-190X
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9089709649575640
Phosphate fertilizers are widely used in order to achieve high crop productivity, but their production processes are expensive and can cause environmental damage. An alternative for fertilization is the use of P-solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs). However, a challenge during the inoculation with microorganisms is the high complexity of the soil in relation to biotic and abiotic factors. To overcome this limitation, a strategy to improve the abundance of PSMs is the use of encapsulated microorganisms as an inoculant. This strategy can protect the microorganisms from adverse environmental effects, physical and chemical factors of the soil, and increase the shelf-life time. The present study evaluated the abundance of free and encapsulated Bacillus subtilis in the artificial and clay soil in four experiments: a preliminary experiment in artificial soil at 40 ºC during 21 days; inoculation in artificial soil under different salinity and temperature conditions during 21 days; and two tests in clay soil under different salinity conditions at 30 ºC during 7 days. A polymeric gelatinized starch matrix was used for microbial encapsulation. The preliminary test resulted in a higher abundance of the encapsulated microorganism compared with the free. The results in the treatment with the inoculation in artificial soil showed that the encapsulated B. subtilis had a higher abundance under low temperature (15 ºC) and all salinity conditions (0, 10 and 20 mM NaCl) during the 21 days in comparison to free microorganism, with value up 26 times higher in 20 mM in 14 days. At 30 ºC, the abundance of the microorganism was also higher in all salinity conditions, but at 45 ºC there was no significant difference between free and encapsulated microorganisms. In the clay soil the encapsulated B. subtilis also had a higher abundance in comparison with the free microorganism, but this abundance decreased with high salinity condition (100 mM and 200 mM), reflecting how salinity stress affect the microorganisms developing. The results obtained here confirmed the potential of the encapsulated B. subtilis as a good strategy for fertilization in providing protection of the microorganisms in adverse abiotic conditions.
A literatura indígena sobre a educaçãoinfantojuvenil a partir da Lei 11.645/08
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-21)
Santos, Pedro Manoel da Silva
;
Monteiro, Maria Iolanda
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4189205834370563
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-1437
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4013945476316168
This work presents a discussion on indigenous literature on children and youth education based on Law 11.645/08 linked to the Basic Education Guidelines law (BRASIL, 1996) which aims to train teachers for undergraduate courses with the theme the mandatory study of indigenous history and culture in primary and secondary education establishments. Presenting and exploring indigenous literature and its contributions to education is a way to strengthen scientific knowledge about indigenous literary works. Indigenous literature speaks to traditional knowledge and respects indigenous people and their ethnic diversities. Discuss the contributions of the indigenous movement during the 1970s-1990s, mapping the indigenous writers and literary works that emerged from the indigenous movement consolidated in the 1990s and that only in the 2000s did the indigenous literary movement gain visibility in the educational scenario and begin to be implemented in public policies giving a voice to indigenous writers. Understand and analyze, through bibliographical research, the main indigenous literary works for contemporary times and how writers and works contribute to the social formation of society through law 11.645/08 in the formation of a curriculum that includes ethnic diversity in the formation of individuals.
O baterista Rubens Barsotti (Rubinho) na visão de ex-alunos: músico e educador
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-21)
Ramos, Alandenilson Gasparello
;
Gohn, Daniel Marcondes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1332810341001276
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3940-1229
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3940-1229
The object of study of this research is the drummer Rubens Barsotti (Rubinho), founder of the group Zimbo Trio. The focus of the research is pointed to the music genre called samba-jazz, bringing to light the views of many academic authors on that subject and also of musicians that were involved in that music scene. Interviews were conducted with drummers Giba Favery, Lauro Lellis and Pércio Sappia, former students of Rubens Barsotti, revealing details of their studies with him and pointing to songs from Zimbo Trio to discuss his musicianship on the drumset.
Obtenção e aplicação biológica de quitinases recombinantes da formiga cortadeira Atta sexdens
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-21)
Correa, Katia Celina Santos
;
Souza, Dulce Helena Ferreira de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3428955299526003
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0966814862792006
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3802-3799
Chitinases catalyze the cleavage of the β-1,4 bond of chitin, a polysaccharide produced by several organisms including insects. From a biotechnological point of view, these enzymes have potential application in the medical field and in biological control. Despite their importance, insect chitinases have been little studied. The objective of this work was to obtain and characterize three recombinant chitinases from the leaf-cutter ant Atta sexdens, containing different catalytic domains (C) and chitin-binding sites, CBM (B). A. sexdens does not have a known genome, as yet, but from the genome of Acromyrmex echinatior, also a leafcutter, primers were designed and it was possible to amplify DNA from A. sexdens cDNA that were cloned into the pPICZαA vector, to proteins being expressed in Pichia pastoris. The enzymes, called AsChtII-C2B3, AsChtII-C3C4 and AsChtII-C5B1, presented an optimum pH between 4-5 and greater activities at 50 0C using a colloidal chitin as a substrate. Specific activities evaluated showed that the presence of CBM does not interfere with the activity, the AsChtII-C3C4, which does not contain a chitin binding site, having the highest activity in colloidal chitin. The three enzymes were evaluated for fungicidal activity using Candida albicans and Aspergilius fumigatus, human fungal pathogens, as models. The enzyme AsChtII-C5B1 inhibited the growth of C.albicans by 87.6% (at 150 ug/mL) and AsChtII-C2B3 and AsChtII-C3C4 inhibited it by 61% and 54.5%, respectively, at 50 ug/mL. AsChtII-C2B3 and AsChtII-C5B1 inhibited the growth of A. fumigatus by 66% and 61% at 50 ug/mL. The enzyme AsChtII-C3C4, which does not present CBM, inhibited the growth of the fungus by 60% at 25 μg/mL. Another objective of the work was to characterize a previously obtained recombinant chitinase, AsChtII-C4B1, against α-chitin and β-chitin, using a combination of techniques such as 13C NMR, X-ray diffraction, viscosity analysis and SEM-FEG. α- chitin is a constituent of the cell wall of fungi and the exoskeleton of crustaceans and β-chitin is found in squid gladia. The results obtained showed that AsChtII-C4B1 is capable of hydrolyzing α- and β-chitin, showing the biotechnological potential of the enzyme, with its use as a fungicide, insecticide and in obtaining chitosan from crab and shrimp shells being seen, for example. Thus, the interference of AsChtII-C4B1 in the growth of the phytopathogenic fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae was evaluated. The delay in the development of mycelia with visual changes in the hyphae led to analysis by scanning electron microscopy, SEM, of the same, which showed that treatment with AsChtII -C4B1 caused important changes such as wrinkling, rounding of the edges and holes on the surface of the hyphae. Together, the set of data obtained from the different approaches of the present study showed that the recombinant proteins obtained act on different types of chitin and have great biotechnological potential.
Efeitos do custo adaptativo na germinação de biótipos de Digitaria insularis (L.) Fedde resistentes a herbicidas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-21)
Nunes, Felipe Alves
;
Silva, Paulo Vinícius da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9428251941902990
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6474-9457
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4647-5602
Digitaria insularis poses a significant challenge in weed control due to its perennial habit, dense clumping growth, and the widespread presence of herbicide-resistant biotypes. Our research investigates whether single or multiple herbicide resistance biotypes of D. insularis experience fitness costs, specifically affecting their germination. To determine the resistance factor, a dose-response curve was employed using glyphosate and haloxyfop-P-methyl herbicides separately in a completely randomized design (CRD) with four replicates per dose (nine doses total). Shoot dry mass was measured at 100 days after herbicide application (DAA), with control assessments performed at 14, 28, and 42 DAA. Subsequently, a separate CRD experiment examined the germination rate as a function of temperature and photoperiod for each biotype. This factorial scheme tested six temperatures across three biotypes (susceptible and two resistant types) under three light exposure periods (0, 8, and 12 hours). Germination percentage and
Avaliação de unitizadores para entregas de remessas na meia milha: fatores condicionantes para determinação do contenedor
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-21)
Antezana, Gerardo Herrera
;
Silva, João Eduardo Azevedo Ramos da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3823047207711289
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6739-5065
This research focuses on e-commerce shipment deliveries, specifically at the middle mile stage of the physical distribution process, with the objective of evaluating load unitizer options at the intermediate mile stage of e-commerce merchandise deliveries, considering factors conditions for your choice. Through a case study of a company in the sector, questionnaires were applied and interviews were conducted with a sample of employees to understand their perceptions and identify the most appropriate typology for this stage, with quantitative and qualitative analyzes being carried out. The results revealed three parameters that influence the choice of a unitizer: sustainability, which is related to the environmental impact of the material; product, which emphasizes the individual characteristics of the object; and process, which concerns the adequacy of the unitizer to the particularities of the intermediate mile. For the case studied, the unitizing device that proved to be the most appropriate was the modular plastic box. The choice of this unitizer was motivated by balancing the sustainability parameters and the product's characteristics, supported by the positive evaluations of those involved in the study. The main contribution of this work is to provide fundamentals for choosing a unitizer, helping organizations to understand the evaluated parameters and to select the best option to optimize deliveries in this logistical stage.
Fatores motivadores e barreiras à implementação das tecnologias da Industria 4.0 um estudo de caso da logistica inbound de uma montadora automobilistica.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-21)
Paz, Christian Rodrigues da
;
Silva, João Eduardo Azevedo Ramos da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3823047207711289
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6739-5065
The concept of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) appears in 2011 at the Hannover Fair as a German project to promote computerized manufacturing. Since then, technological trends or I4.0 tools have promoted transformations both in production environments and in logistical processes through virtualization, real-time processing and integration between machines, sensors and people. However, more than a decade after the emergence and exportation of I4.0 concepts to other countries, in Brazil, there is a need to study the application of I4.0 technologies in the industrial sector. The objective of this study is to investigate the implementation of I4.0 technologies focusing on the case of inbound logistics of an automobile manufacturer and to analyze the motivating factors and barriers that arise in the face of these I4.0 technologies. For that, online questionnaires were applied to an intentional sample, directed to 10 employees involved with inbound logistics. From the results, the identified motivating factors were automatic data processing, process standardization, increased accuracy in data recording, increased process speed and reduced operating costs. The barriers to the implementation of the I4.0 tools found were the lack of policy and infrastructure, the lack of maturity of the Information Technology (IT) sector, financial restrictions, lack of management support, lack of standardization between suppliers and the level of trust in the supplier.
A tragédia anunciada da barragem de Pedreira (SP): conflitos territoriais e ambientais na produção de um espaço de risco
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-21)
Sandonato, Diogo Loibel
;
Lopes, Luciano Elsinor
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6504793265492545
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2852459355299307
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1433-041X
The present work addresses the production of a risk space generated by the construction of a dam in Pedreira/SP and the environmental and territorial conflict generated by it. To this end, the thesis aims to analyze the contributions of Henri Lefebvre's theory of space production (2006; 2013) to understanding the conflict generated by the production of this risk space. Starting from the approach of this theory with the fundamental elements for understanding territorial and environmental conflicts, we analyze how risks are conceived, perceived and experienced by the population of Pedreira. We analyzed how it was possible for such a dam to be designed and licensed, producing risks and how there is a dispute posed by the definition of who is affected by this major project. We also address how the social construction of risk perception related to the dam occurs and the dynamics of mobilization and demobilization related to this perception. These risks are represented, involving the fundamental information for whether they are recognized or not. They are also physically perceived, involving seeing, hearing, and feeling the impacts and potential threats generated, as well as associating the production of these risk spaces with previous experiences. In other words, the risks are experienced and are related to the history, memory and belonging of the affected territories, as well as the daily lives of those who live with threats that have the potential to generate illness, impacts on the psychosocial dimension. In this conflict, the definition of who is considered affected is fundamental, influencing both the licensing of the project and also the possibilities for reparation and recognition of rights. In Pedreira, the population that has an appropriation of space, memory, history and belonging is affected by the production of a risk space by the dam. A conflict experienced, in which the population is subject to conceiving the risk based on the dispute over information that is or is not shared about the insecurity produced, to perceiving the risk based on the impacts of a major development project that changes the dynamics of the territory and access to goods such as water, and living with risk based on previous and current experiences of life on the banks of the Jaguari river. These experiences can intensify territorial and environmental conflicts as they attempt to combat the production of this risk space or at least build strategies to protect against the risks posed. Through this case, we assess the potential contributions of Lefebvre's theory and point out possible enhancements and developments for the analysis of territorial and environmental conflicts and the production of risk spaces.
Implantação das práticas integrativas e complementares no sistema único de saúde na perspectiva de profissionais da atenção primária à saúde
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-21)
Beneli, Fabiana Zucchi
;
Sousa, Leandra Andréia de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7156410096583566
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7147-935X
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3575195452262660
Integrative and complementary practices (PIC) in the SUS are recognized for their scope in a holistic care based on comprehensiveness. In this direction, this research had the general objective of analyzing the process of creation and implementation of PICs in the SUS in the municipalities that are part of the Regional Department of Health III (DRS III) of the State of São Paulo. The specific objectives were to identify the offer of PICs in the SUS and analyze the factors that facilitate and hinder this offer in municipalities that are part of the DRS III, in the State of São Paulo. This is a descriptive study, with a qualitative approach, developed through action research (AP), carried out in 12 municipalities that are part of the DRS III. Fifteen health professionals who offer PIC in the SUS of the respective municipalities participated in the research. Data collected through an online questionnaire and face-to-face workshops, between July and December 2022, were studied using thematic content analysis. The most offered PICs are, respectively, auriculotherapy, reiki and floral therapy. The offer is multidisciplinary, with the majority being community health agents, followed by nursing, pharmacists, physocolgist and occupational therapy professionals. ICP training is predominantly self-funded by participants professionals. From the interaction with the participants and the research data, two promotional materials and a scientific article were produced. The dissemination materials consist of a mapping of the PICs in the SUS of the DRS III and a folder of the PICs offered in the region and their benefits, reported by the professionals in their day-to-day work in the SUS. The scientific article presents the following main actors: health professionals, the municipal health council and health managers at the municipal leve in the process of creation and implementation of the PICs and observed that the Family Health Strategy Program is the health establishment of the SUS that primarily offers these therapeutic approaches. From the thematic content analysis, two themes emerged: 'An ongoing support story and its interfaces' and 'Between complementary and main, in an expanded perspective of health'. The dissemination of PICs in the region can favor knowledge and planning of PIC actions in the municipalities of SUS. Despite the lack of support, both in the offer and in the institutionalization of PICs and its national policy, the municipal experiences in the region studied demonstrate a new history of support for these approaches in the daily life of SUS services, experienced by users and health professionals. And the PICs, as the main choice of care, in an expanded and holistic perspective, denote the technological innovation of this turn of the millennium and are the expression of the exercise of citizenship and the SUS in defense of life.
Expressão Recombinante de uma Miraculina de Citrus em Pichia pastoris e em Escherichia coli
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-21)
Deus, Isabela Giacomeli de
;
Fuentes, Andrea Soares da Costa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2426157257540389
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7379-1136
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2138263517599504
The high consumption of sugar in Brazil and in the world result in drastic consequences for human health, causing numerous diseases. In the search for alternatives to reduce sugar consumption, several studies have emerged related to the development of caloric and non-caloric sweeteners, of natural or artificial origin. Among the natural compounds there is a group of proteins that have the property of modifying the flavor of food. Within this class of molecules, there is the protein called miraculin, from the plant Richardella dulcifica, native to Africa, which has the property of modifying the acidic taste of food into sweet. Due to this potential, there are reports of several tests carried out in an attempt to produce miraculin through recombinant expression in other organisms. However, other studies have discovered the existence of miraculin-like proteins in other plants, although there is still no description of miraculin-like proteins with such property. On the other hand, in silico analyzes allowed finding in Citrus paradisi a protein with a gene sequence with high similarity to that found in the original miraculin. Therefore, the characterization of this protein and the exploration of its potential ability to modify flavor may result in non-caloric alternatives to sweeten acidic foods, thus contributing to an improvement in human health. Therefore, the objective was the recombinant expression of a miraculin derived from Citrus paradisi, called Citros_Mir, in Pichia pastoris yeast and in Escherichia coli bacteria. Cloning was performed in the propagation vector pGEM-T. Expression in E. coli occur with pET-28a expression vector and the Rosetta strain, in addition to testing temperatures of 20, 30 and 37ºC, and final concentrations of 0.2; 0.4 and 1.0 mM of the IPTG expression inducer. Expression in P. pastoris was performed with the pPICZαC expression vector and the X-33 and KM71H strains. In this system, was test the final concentrations 0.75, 1, 2 and 3% of the methanol expression inducer, concluding that the yeast presents a better expression of proteins in a culture medium containing 2% of methanol. The results obtained showed that attempts to express Citros_Mir in these systems were not efficient, suggesting the need for new tests, modifying conditions and/or expression systems.
Perdas e desperdício pós-colheita de hortaliças in natura no varejo do município de Araras-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-21)
Rabelo, Laleska Cesila
;
Forti, Victor Augusto
;
Rodrigues, Josiane
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5742976162363922
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3439155677456557
Approximately one-third of the food produced is lost or wasted worldwide, representing 1.3 million tons of food lost annually. Reducing these losses is one of the goals of the 2030 Agenda aimed at ensuring sustainability and food security. This study aimed to quantify the losses of fresh vegetables in retail establishments in the city of Araras, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, categorized as: 1-) Greengrocers, fruit and vegetable markets, and 2-) Street markets, and the causes associated with these losses. The research was conducted by administering structured questionnaires in June and July 2022, including both objective and subjective questions to gather data on: which vegetables have the highest percentage of losses, the reasons behind these losses, and the retail structure of the city. Street markets exhibited the highest percentages of losses for crisp lettuce (25%), tomatoes (25%), and chayote squash (21.5%). Greengrocers showed the highest losses only for broccoli florets (15%). Mechanical and physiological damage were identified as causes of losses across all vegetable categories. Mechanical damage was more prevalent in greengrocers compared to street markets for all vegetables, except for chayote squash. Physiological losses in greengrocers exceeded those in street markets for all vegetables. Biological damage was reported only for chayote squash and broccoli. Recommended measures include: the implementation of refrigeration; merchant and employee training; inventory management; use of appropriate packaging; pricing policies linked to product quality preservation; public awareness and education initiatives; and public policies and awareness campaigns aimed at reducing food losses.
Proposição de um método para avaliação da qualidade de faixas de pedestres
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-21)
Sassaron, Mariana Luiza da Silva
;
Hirosue, Fernando Hideki
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4091598921285700
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3318039781046744
Traffic signs are important tools in ensuring road safety and the operation of transportation systems. They help users to understand traffic and adopt appropriate behaviours to ensure safety and fluidity of traffic . Considering the relevance of signals and the need for them to be efficient and have quality for their full operation, the following work elaborates a method for evaluating the quality of pedestrian crosswalks. With the use of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) developed by Saaty (1977) and an onymous questionnaires of public research , a general equation was obtained which can be used in the evaluation of different crosswalks . Furthermore, the work presents the results of its application in a case study at the Federal University of São Carlos, S ão Carlos campus, with an average score of the 42 crosswalks analysed equal to 3.86, on a scale of 0.00 to 5.00. It should be noted, however, that the worst lanes were further away from areas with the highest demand, while more critical points, with a higher volume of pedestrians, had better quality crosswalks.
Análise preliminar dos remanescentes esqueletais humanos pré-históricos do Sumidouro, Lagoa Santa, MG.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-22)
Rodrigues, Carolina Pinheiro
;
Fernandes, Erminio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2770392631554400
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2790-968X
;
Okumura, Maria Mercedes Martinez
Bioarchaology is na emerging field that emerged in the mid-1970s and 1980s, but was practiced under another name, physical archaeology (or medical archaeology) since the mid-19th century. In Brazil, the beggining of bioarchaeological research occured through the Danish naturalist Peter Lund, who lived in the small city of Lagoa Santa, Minas Gerais, from 1835 until his death in 1880. Lund is considered the Father of archaeology, speleology and paleontology in Brazil. During the time he lived in the region, he explored several caves with human and non-human animal fossils, finding stratigraphic traces of coexistence between the first Americans and megafauna during the Pleistocene. The remains found by the naturalist highlighted the Lagoa Santa region to this day, still being extensively researched. The present study consists of a preliminary analysis of some of the human remains excavated by Lund at the archaeological site Lapa da Lagoa do Sumidouro, in Lagoa Santa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Analyzing the presence and Frequency of degenerative joint diseases and some paleodemographic estimates, such as sex, age and height, essential for the beggining of any bioarchaeological study.
Aplicação da matriz probabilidade x impacto na gestão dos riscos associados à tríplice restrição em empresas juniores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-22)
Zamai, Gabriela Raissa Gonçalves
;
Silva, João Eduardo Azevedo Ramos da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3823047207711289
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6739-5065
Project management is an area that has proven to be important to ensure the quality of projects. In Brazil, the Junior Enterprise Movement (MEJ) has grown in recent years, with more than 1,400 junior enterprises in Brazil in 2022. Thus, this study objective is to identify the main risks associated with the triple restriction (scope, time and cost), in junior enterprises. Risks are classified according to their frequency and probability and impact of occurring, in order to prioritize them and explore ways to avoid or mitigate them for better planning and reduction of negative effects. Considering junior enterprises in the engineering area, the study pointed out as main risks the lack of scope alignment, scope change, customer delay, scope complexity and lack of cost planning, associated with unmapped expenses, influenced by changes in the scope and timing of the project. The risks presented show the need for communication management, establishing communication channels for the alignment of objectives and for monitoring project deliveries and the search for support from professors and former members.
A formação de professores do Atendimento Educacional Especializado em um Centro de Formação e Acompanhamento à Inclusão no município de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-22)
Miranda, Priscilla Mab Conti
;
Sant'Ana, Izabella Mendes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7860235863062183
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9381-350X
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0430588961004741
This study aims to investigate how Teachers of Specialized Educational Assistance (PAEE), connected to a Regional Board of Education in the city of São Paulo-SP, understand their continuing education, considering the action of the Center for Training and Monitoring of Inclusion. As specific objectives were defined: to investigate the experiences of the active PAEE from 2016 to 2022 regarding continuing education, and to know their understandings about the training to work in the AEE and the training that they promote together with the educators of the school units they work with, addressing the challenges, needs or demands of the performance. For this, six teachers were interviewed and the concept of experience proposed by Vigotski (1934/2001) was used as the unit of analysis. The results point out that there is a search for complementing the formation for the performance in the AEE; continuing education was seen as necessary, as work demands boosted professional improvement in the area of Special Education. Regarding the training promoted by CEFAI, the reports addressed the relevance of learning and the exchange of experiences within the group, but also mentioned the need to expand the offer of courses to meet the specific demands of students eligible for the AEE. The formative action of the PAEE is seen as a link between the action of the AEE and its team and, from it, collaboration relationships and the construction of intervention strategies based on the specificities of the students arise. It was also highlighted that the work depends on the opening of the management team to be made possible and that the training actions bring contributions to all students, collaborating with a collective construction on inclusion. The experiences mentioned by the teachers emphasized moments of exchange of experiences that enabled the integration and socialization of the actions carried out, impacting and helping the reconfiguration of professional practice; actions developed by the teachers that denote the sense of appreciation of the professional activity and of belonging to a teaching group active in the inclusive perspective; as well as descriptions of significant brands, learning and signaling a change of perspective on the topics covered. It discusses the importance of making the work of the AEE collective and inclusive, considering the guidelines established by legislation, but, above all, meeting the training needs of teachers, in view of the challenges experienced in educational spaces.
Margens de comercialização do etanol hidratado no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-22)
Monteiro, Thiago Peitl
;
Marjotta-Maistro, Marta Cristina
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3987280258617095
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2548-6214
Brazil is a huge producer of sugar cane and is the source of raw materials for the mills to produce ethanol, a fuel of economic, social and environmental importance. According to the IEA, Brazil is the world's largest producer of sugar cane and, in the 2020/21 harvest, was responsible for the production of 654.5 million tons destined for the production of 41.2 million tons of sugar and 29.7 billion liters of ethanol. The state of São Paulo, which production in the country, accounted for 54.1% of the quantity produced in the 2020/21 harvest, and was responsible for producing 48.4% of ethanol (14.3 billion liters) and 63.2% of sugar (26.0 million tons). Within ethanol production, we have hydrous and anhydrous ethanol. Hydrated ethanol is "ordinary" ethanol, found in petrol stations to fuel vehicles and consists of between 95.1% and 96% ethanol and the rest water. Anhydrous ethanol, on the other hand its industrial use, is used in gasoline blends. There is a law that authorizes the mixing of a range of 18% to 27% anhydrous ethanol in gasoline. Ethanol, which is widely commercialized, given its importance, travels a long way to reach the consumer through gas stations. This is known as the marketing chain. (mill), wholesale (distributor) and retail (gas station).And at each link in this chain, a price is charged and there are marketing margins between them. With this in mind historical price surveys of each link in the chain were analyzed and the marketing margin between them was calculated margin between them. As a result, we found that in most years the margins only in the last few years analyzed, 2021 and 2022, we were able to see margins between the links that were out of line with each other.
(In)visibilização de mulheres brasileiras em livros didáticos de história do Ensino Fundamental (PNLD 2020)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-22)
Costa, Rafaella Rozo da
;
Moraes, Letícia Nunes de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8414704855957940
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5630-5028
;
Mendonça, Viviane Melo de
A pesar de las crecientes contribuciones académicas sobre la historia de las mujeres, una parte muy pequeña de esos estudios llega a los libros didácticos de historia, que son objeto de análisis de esta investigación. El lenguaje plural masculino, identificado en las colecciones analizadas, asume formas que generalizan el "Hombre" blanco, cisgénero y heteronormativo como sinónimo de humanidad, mientras que las historias de las mujeres se presentan aparte, separadas del texto principal, asignadas en cajas, leyendas, temas o imágenes. A partir de los conceptos de tecnología de género, de Teresa de Lauretis, de sistema mundo-colonial, elaborado por Ochy Curiel, y de nudo, como Heleieth Saffioti evidenció la inseparabilidad entre género, clase, raza, cultura y sexualidad en las relaciones sociales, esta investigación tuvo por objetivo analizar de qué modo las prácticas discursivas operan en libros didácticos de historia como una tecnología de género en la construcción de historias de las mujeres brasileñas. La investigación fue realizada a partir del levantamiento de dos colecciones didácticas de historia, de los años finales de la Enseñanza Fundamental, resultantes del Programa Nacional del Libro Didáctico de 2020, de forma comparativa, siendo una colección de autoría masculina - Historia, sociedad y ciudadanía, producida por la Editora FTD, por Alfredo Boulos Júnior - y una de autoría femenina - Enseñar historia: de los orígenes del hombre a la era digital, producido por Editora Moderna, por Patrícia Ramos Braick y Anna Barreto. El recorte temático contempló la historia de Brasil y las mujeres brasileñas. Fue posible percibir, por ejemplo, que la colección producida por la Editora Moderna, de autoría de dos historiadoras, dedicó más espacio y atención al protagonismo femenino, sea en los temas abordados, en el lenguaje adoptado o en el volumen de material. Al contrario de la colección confeccionada por la Editora FTD que, de modo general, abordó de forma más superficial la participación de mujeres en los eventos históricos tratados. Ante eso, concluimos que, para cambiar el encuadre masculino y dominante de la historia, es importante que cada vez más historiadoras sean autoras de esos materiales, así como el PNLD debe ser constantemente perfeccionado y actualizado.