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Um olhar para a Economia Circular e a Simbiose Industrial como base para o avanço da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-30) Fagliari, Raphael Augusto; Pugliesi, Érica; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6736386099280623; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4688-1387; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6878615491357783; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9402-3753
The traditional, linear, and open economic system often neglects the environmental impacts caused by natural resource exploitation and waste generation. In this context, there is a growing need to transition to a circular economic model, where the relationship between the economy and the environment is more harmonious and sustainable. Circular Economy (CE) has gained prominence in several nations as an approach that aims to keep products, their added value, as well as their materials and resources within a continuous production cycle. In Brazil, the Solid Waste National Policy (SWNP) plays a fundamental role as a regulatory framework. It not only emphasizes the importance of recycling but also introduces modern and essential concepts in waste management. Additionally, the SWNP adopts a systemic approach that covers the entire lifecycle with the notion of shared responsibility. This study aims to assess whether the advancement of CE-related practices in Brazil is possible through the country's main legal instrument, which is the SWNP. It also seeks to provide alternatives, including Industrial Symbiosis (IS), to improve Reverse Logistics (RL) practices and overcome obstacles. At the micro level, the SWNP emphasizes eco-design, waste reduction, and shared responsibility, involving waste pickers and consumers. At the meso level, cooperation between the public and private sectors is promoted but lacks clear support mechanisms. At the macro level, the SWNP does not adequately address urban transformation, collaborative consumption, and zero-waste programs. The cultural and historical evolution of waste management in Brazil is highlighted, focusing on the role and importance of waste pickers. From tigers to waste pickers, socially marginalized individuals whose image was linked to social exclusion carried out waste collection and disposal. The credit-based RL model is a trend, but there are also risks in relying on this model. The importance of the protector-receiver principle is emphasized, as well as the need for more specific regulations on incentives to promote RL, as in the presented case study. IS is a promising approach to optimize resource use and reduce waste, which can be leveraged through economic incentives and regulations, along with the involvement of local governments as facilitators. The proposal of Regional Agreements is an initiative to promote symbiotic practices in specific regions, aligning with the SWNP and Regional Agreements. These agreements would include clear goals, performance indicators, and a monitoring and evaluation system. The government would act as a moderator and provide financial and technical support.
Reflexões sobre aspectos gráficos e linguísticos em traduções de HQs a partir de "Batman: the killing joke"
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-30) Micheletti, Luiz Ricardo Gonsalez; Yokota, Rosa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9230517686993400; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1672-1430; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5782372733699571; https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7832-1859
This research analyzes three translations of a North American Graphic Novel, Batman: The Killing Joke, into Portuguese. The contexts of production and publication are considered, without dissociating the comics from factors related to the time, the situation of the comic book publishing market and the conception of Graphic Novels as prestigious comics. The analysis of three translations published in Brazil at three different situations is done using Aubert's Translation Modalities (1998), which compares the translations and checks whether there was a divergence from the original material in English and whether there was a disparity between the translations of publishers in Brazil. The aim is to show if the concepts of comics, formatinho (common kind of format at that time) and Graphic Novels influenced the respective translations and art alterations in publications into Portuguese. Concepts about translation listed by Rota (2008), Zanettin (2008) and Nida (1964) are revisited. For the analysis of art, a classification was created that lists the alterations of graphic elements from different comics in various periods in Brazil. Although the influence of the media in the 80s gave greater prominence to the Graphic Novels, giving it a different value to that given to comics in general, Modalities that altered the text are among the most commonly found, making the translation furthest from the original and closest to the habits of editing and translating in formatinho. Three new Translation Modalities are found during the analysis and it appears that the Omission ends up altering the personalities of characters such as Joker and Barbara Gordon. The translations do not vary between each other, perhaps due to the acceptability of the Graphic Novels and the concept of good translation generated in the first version, though the material was not completely faithful to the original. During the analysis of the image of the Graphic Novels, some procedures that alter the art are found, regarding the modification of art in balloons and in inscribed texts that were sometimes translated, kept in English or erased are found. The Graphic Novel is compared to a formatinho edition (New Teen Titans 13), to indicate the art alteration in the first versions of Graphic Novels, being the most recent version more faithful to the original art. It can be seen that the art of the Graphic Novels is little changed, perhaps due to the good reception of the material and the change in the publication format, but the translation contained traces of Omissions, Modulations, Alterations and Additions, arising from the translation in formatinho, which are still maintained currently.
Investigação teórica e experimental do comportamento de vigas mistas de aço e concreto protendidas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-30) Almeida, Marcela Moreira da Rocha; Albuquerque, Augusto Teixeira de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3720219051646169; Souza, Alex Sander Clemente de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3572504605209699; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5382811813366223; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1417-5541
Steel-concrete composite beams composed by an association of steel profile with conventional concrete slab or with profiled sheeting are widely used as a structural solution with familiar construction technology. The use of external prestressing in the steel profile can improve the performance of composite beams, increasing their resistance and reducing deflections. However, despite the advantages mentioned, studies or reports involving the application of prestressing technology in composite structures are rare, and in the case of externally prestressed composite beams with profiled sheeting, there are no references available. In this context, the present work aims to investigate the behavior of simply supported externally prestressed steel-concrete composite beams under positive bending moment, through the development of experimental, numerical and analytical studies. Initially, a bibliometric analysis and literature review were conducted on works involving prestressed steel-concrete composite beams, to identify the main knowledge gaps in the area. Then, an analytical methodology for the analysis and design of prestressed composite beams was presented, in addition to the explanation of constructive aspects inherent to the system. Furthermore, numerical models that to adequately simulate the behavior of prestressed steel-concrete composite beams were assembled and calibrated. Then, an experimental program consisting of two prestressed composite beams with straight and draped tendon profiles and a reference beam without prestressing was developed. Finally, a parametric study was carried out to characterize the behavior and influence of several variables in the system, such as: positioning and shape of tendons, initial prestressing force, beam and tendons length and type of steel profile. The results showed that the presented analytical methodology and the proposed numerical model were adequate to predict the behavior of prestressed composite steel-concrete beams and presented a good approximation with the experimental results. The results also confirmed that the use of external prestressing in composite steel and concrete beams was efficient to increase the resistant moment and reduce deflections under service loads.
Investigação de potenciais biomarcadores em saliva de pacientes diagnosticados com Doença de Wilson
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-30) Ferro, Julia Lima Ribeiro; Venâncio, Tiago; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4438399441102990; Oliveira, Regina Vincenzi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6609377714413073; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4957113229165805
INVESTIGATION OF POTENTIAL BIOMARKERS IN SALIVA FROM PATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH WILSON DISEASE. Wilson disease (WD) is a rare inherited disorder characterized by excessive intracellular copper in the liver, brain, and other vital organs. Copper overload in the body can lead to a series of complications, including neurological problems, acute or chronic liver failure, kidney problems, and psychiatric manifestations. WD is a progressive disease and, if left untreated, results in serious and potentially life-threatening disabilities. Therefore, early diagnosis is essential for effective treatment and preventing severe clinical manifestations. The present work evaluated differentiating metabolites in saliva samples from individuals with WD compared to healthy individuals. For this, a global metabolomics approach was performed using liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS), allowing the annotation of potential candidates for biomarkers, and obtaining information about changes in the metabolic pathways of the individual’s group. Saliva samples from individuals with WD (n=24) and healthy individuals (n=39) were analyzed, and the results showed 39 metabolites that differed significantly between the two groups (p ≤ 0,05; VIP ≥ 1), with 15 of them being putatively annotated. Among these metabolites, sedoheptulose-7-phosphate, palmitic acid, N-undecanoylglycine, suberic acid, and pyrocatechol have been previously reported and are associated with Alzheimer disease, schizophrenia, Parkinson disease, cancer, and kidney disease. The metabolites N-methyl-salsolinol, sphinganine, and betaine have already been described as potential biomarkers for Parkinson and Wilson diseases. In the present study, an upregulation of betaine was observed in individuals with WD. Moreover, the metabolite ceramide Cer(d18:2/20:4) was detected as the most significant metabolite in differentiating the two groups by the ROC curve. While Cer(d18:2/20:4) is a new metabolite in the context of WD, high levels of ceramides have been linked to neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, it is also considered an important metabolite for future studies related to WD, which can aid in faster and more accurate diagnosis of rare syndromes. Additionally, non-invasive saliva sampling is desirable as an affordable and convenient biofluid monitoring alternative.
Biologia do psilídeo Russelliana solanicola Tuthill, 1959 (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) em losna-branca (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) (Heliantheae: Asteraceae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-30) Adabbo, Carolina Costa; Diniz , Alexandre José Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8692537346607552; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2836-7165; Fujihara, Ricardo Toshio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1863735094370774; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2776-5559; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1290301156389093; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4854-8011; Fujihara, Ricardo Toshio; Nocelli, Roberta Cornélio Ferreira; Wengrat, Ana Paula Gonçalves da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1863735094370774; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8934724759636382; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4913964573434149; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2776-5559; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2900-6310
Psyllids (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) are sap-sucking insects that exhibit high host specificity. The phytopathogenic bacterium “Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum” (CaLsol) is associated with several vegetable crops, mainly potato and carrot, and is transmitted both through propagative material and by psyllid vectors. In Brazil, this bacterium is classified as a quarantine pest (A1 category), meaning it is absent from the country. However, the polyphagous psyllid Russelliana solanicola Tuthill, 1959, occurs in Brazil and represents a potential vector of this pathogen, as it develops on solanaceous plants. The aim of the present study was to determine the life cycle of R. solanicola on Parthenium hysterophorus (losna-branca) and to establish a laboratory rearing methodology. Two methods were developed for R. solanicola rearing: a clip-cage and a cage for rearing the insect on seedlings or plants of P. hysterophorus. For illustrating developmental stages and measuring the longitudinal body length of R. solanicola, 15 specimens from each stage were used. Images were captured using a stereomicroscope (16x). The rearing of R. solanicola began with the collection of nymphs and adults from areas where P. hysterophorus occurs. The seedlings were transplanted into 1.5 L pots and, after 15 days, infested with R. solanicola individuals. Twenty-five mating pairs were confined in clip-cages to assess developmental stages (from the embryonic period to adult emergence). The parameters evaluated were: development time, egg and nymph stage viability, sex ratio, and mortality rate. The results showed that R. solanicola reached adulthood in 24.92 ± 1.55 days. Females laid an average of 149.96 ± 28.63 eggs. The sex ratio was 0.56, indicating a slight female bias. Males lived on average 13.64 ± 0.51 days, while females lived 10.64 ± 0.25 days. The total mortality from immature stage to adulthood was 32.46%. These findings confirm that R. solanicola completes its life cycle on P. hysterophorus, demonstrating the suitability of this plant as a host and providing a basis for establishing monitoring and management strategies. The methodologies developed proved to be feasible, low-cost, and adaptable, contributing to bioecological studies and to the prevention of potential phytosanitary risks.