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Consumo de Plantas Alimentícias Não Convencionais (PANC) entre famílias em vulnerabilidade social e insegurança alimentar no Vale do Ribeira, São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-01)
Feitoza, Marilua de Carvalho
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Coffani-Nunes, João Vicente
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9171810338546558
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Nascimento, Ana Paula Branco do
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1522795968175184
Social vulnerability and food insecurity (FI) have increased in Brazil in recent years, especially during the health crisis caused by Covid-19. Currently, in the country, there are 125.2 million people in FI and more than 33 million in a situation of hunger. Unconventional food plants (UFP) are a food alternative to diversify family diets and mitigate food insecurity. The present research aimed to verify whether social vulnerability and food insecurity influence the consumption of UFP and whether these food plants are more used among families with high social vulnerability. The study took place in the urban area of the municipality of Registro, Vale do Ribeira, SP. Using the Snowball methodology, 74 interviews were carried out in households distributed in low and high vulnerability groups. To verify the location of vulnerability groups in urban areas, the Census (IBGE) and São Paulo Social Vulnerability Index (IPVS) databases were used. In all the houses visited, in addition to the interviews, an inventory of the backyards was carried out to verify the occurrence of UFP consumed and not consumed as food by families. It was found that 100% of families that presented moderate FI and severe FI had occurrence of UFP in their backyards, followed by families with mild FI, with 83.33%. Regarding the consumption of these plants as food, families in moderate FI are those that use UFP the most (90.90%), followed by families in severe FI (87.50%) and mild FI (55.55%). It was also found that families residing in the high social vulnerability group are the ones that consume the most UFP from their backyards (77.77%), compared to families in low vulnerability groups (65.79%). Based on these results, therefore, it is possible to affirm that social vulnerability and food insecurity are factors that influence the consumption of UFP in urban areas. It is hoped that this study can contribute to public and private initiatives to promote and popularize UFP, especially among families in social vulnerability and with greater exposure.
Estimativa de produção de cana de açúcar em pequenas plantações através do uso de sensoriamento remoto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-01)
Belvedere, Miguel Bau
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Barcellos, Robson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9844506370403162
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6009-4825
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6767551360418863
Brazil leads global sugarcane production, but in recent decades, the expansion of plantations appears to have reached a limit. The challenge now is to increase productivity per hectare, which requires the adoption of new technologies. Remote sensing has emerged as a crucial tool in this context, due to its ability to capture distinct reflectance patterns in sugarcane fields. In this study, the analysis focused on plots located in the municipality of Araraquara (SP), and we used Sentinel-2 satellite images acquired between 2019 and 2022. To assess the performance of the plantations it was used the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), which has a strong correlation with plant biomass. This approach allowed us to identify patterns and extract information about the crops. These analyses can have a significant impact on the agribusiness sector, providing quantitative data to assess the feasibility of optimizing sugarcane production. It is concluded that, while initial on-site data collection is crucial, remote monitoring of sugarcane fields is a viable reality. Furthermore, the method presented is objective and easy to interpret, representing a potential tool for more efficient management of sugarcane plantations.
Panorama da autoavaliação institucional nos Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia: uma meta-avaliação de perspectiva emancipatória
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-01)
Oliveira, Ivan dos Santos
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Rothen, José Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1942510389127549
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5360-1913
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7566418296504896
The evaluation of Brazilian higher education takes place in a context in which neoliberal policies are hegemonic, conferring a character of regulation and control to the evaluation processes. Nevertheless, the formulation and implementation of the National Higher Education Assessment System (SINAES) constituted an attempt to give an emancipatory character to the assessment of subjects and Higher Education Institutions (IES), through Institutional Assessment, more precisely, through internal evaluation. In this sense, the present research had as general objective: to understand and characterize the processes of institutional self-evaluation in the Federal Institutes of Education, Science and Technology, considering the emancipatory aspects of the evaluation, in order to identify the levels of attendance of the observable emancipatory aspects in these processes. As for its nature, the research was characterized as qualitative and as for the type, it fits as an exploratory-descriptive study. The materials analyzed were the final institutional self-assessment reports of the 2018-2020 evaluation cycle of 13 Federal Institutes of Education, Science and Technology. In Paulo Freire (1986, 1987, 1995, 2001, 2002, 2014) we base our vision of the world and of education that is opposed to neoliberal rationality; in Saul (2010) we base the concept of Emancipatory Evaluation and in Dias Sobrinho (2003) and other authors, we systematize the fundamentals of Institutional Evaluation from a democratic-subjectivist perspective, from which we list the categories that characterize an emancipatory institutional self-evaluation practice and that served basis for the construction of an analytical and metaevaluation instrument of emancipatory aspects, together with the theoretical-practical framework of summative meta-evaluation, in the perspective of Stufflebeam (2001) and Scriven (2009). In this way, 14 parameters of emancipatory aspects were elaborated, which are interrelated, being 11 of merit (Dialogicity, Participation, Plurality, Negotiation, Globality, Formativity, Comparability, Legitimacy, Identity and Mission, Commitment, Publicity) and 3 of value (Self-knowledge, Critical-Transforming Potential, Applicability or Relevance). As a result, we found that the processes of institutional self-assessment in Federal Institutes are complex, in the sense that these assessments express and recognize either a formative perspective of assessment for the emancipation of subjects and institutions, or an assessment perspective aligned with neoliberal rationality, however, with predominance of the latter perspective. The analysis of the merit and value parameters established by this research revealed that the meta-assessed self-assessment experiences mostly failed to meet the ethical, political and democratic aspects of the assessment, but did meet other aspects, even if partially. Thus, it was possible to verify that the meta-assessed self-assessment experiences showed, in general, a predominance of partial compliance with the emancipatory aspects of the assessment, which confirmed our initial hypothesis that the processes of institutional self-assessment in the Federal Institutes of Education, Science and Technology are not emancipatory.
Liquid-solid fluidized bed dynamics: experimental and computational analysis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-06)
Ferreira, Victor Oliveira
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Blais, Bruno
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6053-6542
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Lopes, Gabriela Cantarelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5680967191791061
The liquid-solid fluidization is a simple process intensification strategy. The method remains underexplored, in part, due to the lack of predictability. It is not trivial to assess its internal dynamics without a robust experimental setup and the predictions of its fluid dynamics behavior rely on simple correlations that do not reflect internal variances either in time or space. On the other hand, with the advance of processing power, physics-based mathematical models can now be resolved using robust numerical methods implemented on computers. The unresolved CFD-DEM (Computational Fluid Dynamics-Discrete Elements Method) coupling is especially powerful for providing a precise description of particles' individual behavior (including interactions with other solids and the fluid) while preserving a reasonable computational cost. In this thesis, experimental methods and the unresolved CFD-DEM coupling were applied to assess the liquid-solid fluidized bed dynamics. Experimental measurements of the expansion behavior of beds were obtained for a wide variety of particles. The experimental results were used to verify the precision of the Richardson-Zaki equation and a proposed alternative method based on drag correlations. The latter has shown superior accuracy for most of the tested cases. The liquid-solid fluidized bed simulations were carried out in Lethe, an open-source CFD, DEM, CFD-DEM, and multiphysics software. Lethe simulations of the pilot-scale liquid-solid fluidized beds were validated for a wide variety of regimes. Discussions on the choice of drag correlation, the robustness of the method with different mesh topologies, and the importance of the Saffman lift force for the accurate simulation of the flow structures are provided. The validated simulations were used to assess the particles' mixing by applying the nearest-neighbors method (NNM) and the mixing index introduced by Doucet. The slowest mixing component for most of the simulations was the axial. The mixing time as a function of the inlet flow rate demonstrates a plateauing behavior for looser beds (fluid fractions above 50%). Variations in the interaction properties of particles do not seem to play an important role in the quantitative mixing. Yet, for a bed of particles with very low Stokes numbers or at very high concentrated beds, increasing the sliding friction coefficient presented a negative impact on the mixing performance.
O Método Terapia Ocupacional Dinâmica e o Modello Vivaio: histórias orais de construções inventivas para a prática de terapia ocupacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-06)
Mello, Ana Carolina Carreira de
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Marcolino, Taís Quevedo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7197838515800679
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9694-5118
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3452431276914287
Occupational therapy, regarded as a paradigmatic profession, originated amidst progressive movements in the early twentieth century in the United States, ushering in its own paradigm focused on healthcare through occupations. However, its expansion globally and in Brazil occurred under another paradigmatic logic, that of rehabilitation. In this scenario, compounded by tensions stemming from the dominance of the biomedical field in healthcare, Brazilian occupational therapists were driven to seek new ways of conceptualising their practice. Among these professionals, Jô Benetton stands out. In the 1970s, she initiated a research project culminating in the development of the Dynamic Occupational Therapy Method (MTOD). In Italy, also between the 1970s and 1980s, a group of professionals began practising occupational therapy under the framework of Psychoanalysis, opposing the prevalent protocol-driven and behavioural approaches of the time, and initiating the construction of the Modello Vivaio. Both theoretical-methodological proposals align with the initial paradigm of the profession, and while they are publicly known, their construction processes are relatively unknown, potentially offering insights for contemporary knowledge and professional development. Thus, the research question posed is: "What can be gleaned from the investigative processes developed by Jô Benetton, in collaboration with Sonia Ferrari, Julie Cunningham Piergrossi, and Carolina de Sena Gibertoni, which led to the development of MTOD and Modello Vivaio?" This study aimed to comprehend the construction of two theoretical-methodological proposals in occupational therapy that challenge hegemonic knowledge, with the objective of historically situating the authors' contributions to the profession from an epistemological perspective. Drawing on the ideas of John Dewey's Pragmatism, the study sought to reflect on modes of knowledge aimed at solving issues related to occupation. This framework presents itself as a theoretical-philosophical structure aimed at integrated problem resolution, considering the situation as a whole. Its complexity is incorporated by not distancing itself from primary experience, facts, or objects of everyday experiences, indicating the existence of other possibilities for constructing knowledge useful for practice. Supported by the life history oral methodology, rounds of interviews were conducted with the authors and collaborators, resulting in the construction of 42 narratives. These results were discussed considering knowledge construction processes that resist automatism and the invasion of bureaucracy and productivity in the space of thinking and investigating. This approach avoids separating the spheres of knowledge production and care production, based on the composition of theoretical outputs tied to practice, emerging from our field's coherence in unique ways of perceiving the world, valuing freedom in constructing a science that dances in contrast to more rigid and standardised approaches. Our discussion also asserts that occupational therapy produces joy and pleasure in constructing spaces that support health even in the face of confronting diseases and other difficulties. We outline the contours and limits of oral history research and emphasise the relevance of investigations involving MTOD and Modello Vivaio, as well as research that positions practice as an object of study. We hope that the insights about the possibilities of constructing knowledge in occupational therapy contribute to the epistemic debate in our field, restoring relationships between practice and theory. Furthermore, we also hope that this work can honour, albeit partially, the life efforts invested in these constructions, with the elegance they deserve.
Inteligência Artificial e teoria ator-rede em diálogo: analisando atores e associações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-07)
Catalano, José Victor Rodrigues
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Lorenzi, Bruno Rossi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2542475204715114
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8486-0726
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Andrade, Thales Haddad Novaes de
The main focus of this research is to deepen the critical understanding of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the context of Studies in Science, Technology and Society (STS) through a scientific approach. We seek to apply Actor-Network Theory (ANT) to analyze the complex interaction of AI with scientific, technological and social dimensions. The underlying purpose is to consider AI as a social construction, through the analysis of its evolutionary dynamics and the identification of the main actors involved in this scenario, as well as their respective associations. In a complementary way, we present a chronological synthesis that addresses the most significant events that shaped the history of AI, including the investigation of the origins and motivations that contributed to its development over time. This provides an understanding of the historical influences that develop into the shape of modern AI. Finally, we focus our efforts on examining the intricate interplay of AI with dimensions of the STS field, which involves an investigation of ethical, political, economic, and cultural impacts of AI on society. We recognize that the influence of AI transcends the technical and scientific scope, extending to crucial areas of society. From an ANT perspective, we highlight the importance of understanding AI not as a neutral technology, but rather as an active participant in a complex and interconnected socio-technical scenario, influencing and being directly influenced by a wide range of actors, whether human or not humans.
Percepção de estresse, Síndrome de Burnout e estratégias de enfrentamento em cuidadores de pessoas idosas institucionalizadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-08)
Silva, Adrielli Fernanda de Oliveira e
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Pantoni, Camila Bianca Falasco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0244296301167548
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0722-3672
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Gratão, Aline Cristina Martins
Introduction: Despite their technical skills and knowledge in the field, healthcare professionals working in direct care for institutionalized elderly individuals are more prone to stress and burnout syndrome. These conditions can be modulated through various coping strategies. Objective: To analyze the perception of personal stress and burnout syndrome among formal caregivers of institutionalized elderly individuals and their relationship with coping strategies. Method: This is a quantitative cross-sectional study. The research was conducted in three philanthropic long-term care facilities in the city of Ribeirão Preto, located in the state of São Paulo, with 54 professionals involved in the direct care of institutionalized elderly individuals (caregivers, aides, and nursing technicians). Data collection was carried out online from September to October 2022. After agreeing to participate in the research by digitally signing the Informed Consent Form, participants received a link to complete questionnaires regarding sociodemographic, economic, clinical, and professional characteristics. Additionally, they were assessed for perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale - PSS-14), burnout syndrome (Maslach Burnout Inventory: Human Services Survey - MBI-HSS), and coping strategies (Occupational Coping Scale - OCS). Data were analyzed using descriptive and correlational statistics. Ethical considerations were observed throughout the data collection and analysis process. Results: The majority of formal caregivers were female (85.2%), with a median age of 43 [36.25, 51.75] years, working as nursing assistants (74.1%), married (46.3%), having completed high school (50%), working 40 hours per week (64.8%), earning 1 to 3 minimum wages per month (61.1%), and having worked as caregivers in the institution for more than 10 years (29.6%). Regarding health data and the applied scales, the majority reported engaging in physical activity (59.35), having low back pain (25.9%), and experiencing insomnia (18.5%). The median score on the EEP-14 scale was 22 [17, 27], with an absence of perceived stress. The total MBI score was 60 [54, 64], with a moderate level of emotional exhaustion (median of 24), a depersonalization score of 11 points (moderate), and a personal accomplishment score of 23.5 (high level). As for the assessment of coping strategies (ECO), a total score of 91.8 [70.25, 114.75] was obtained, with the control strategy being the most frequently used, at 43 [38.25, 48]. When associating the scores of the three scales, a trend was found in which higher ECO scores were associated with lower EEP, independently of MBI. Conclusions: The data reveal that the group assessed in this study demonstrates a low perception of stress and a moderate to high level of burnout, highlighting the need for actions that promote awareness and sensitivity regarding stress and burnout, as well as their symptoms and impacts on both personal and professional life. Thus, fostering the development of effective coping mechanisms and problem-solving skills to manage stressful events, reduce negative emotions, and mitigate psychosocial work-related demands.
Economia de polêmicas: uma análise da emergência das mobilizações antigênero no Brasil e no Paraguai
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-08)
Ferreira, Camila Camargo
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Sanchez, Fábio José Bechara
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6423443695464907
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4693923918467388
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3624-6144
During the 2010s, transnational mobilizations of conservative groups emerged in opposition to the demands of feminist and LGBTQIA+ movements (including lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, and other gender and sexual identities), with their actions anchored in the politicization of the concept of "gender ideology." This thesis examines the formation and consolidation of activism against so-called gender ideology in Brazil and Paraguay throughout this decade. Its objective is to comparatively analyze the transnational characteristics and dynamics of anti-gender activism, focusing on the identification of actors, forms of action, discursive frameworks, and the worldviews constructed. This research aims to contribute to the expanding field of comparative studies on anti-gender mobilizations. To analyze this phenomenon, it employs theories of collective action, gender and sexuality studies, alongside scholarly work on the anti-gender phenomenon. Utilizing a qualitative approach, this study adopts document analysis and digital media research as investigative techniques. Findings indicate that, in both Brazil and Paraguay, anti-gender mobilizations were organized through coordinated actions among national and transnational pro-life and pro-family actors and entities. Data analysis further reveals that anti-gender activism emerges from a complex network of mobilization that interconnects conservative actors across national and transnational spheres.
Desenvolvimento de dispositivos eletroquímicos descartáveis e reutilizáveis para detecção de biomarcadores de interesse clínico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-08)
Blasques, Rodrigo Vieira
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Janegitz, Bruno Campos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7746094938977989
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5206730551661715
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7059-3145
In recent years, the search for new electrochemical devices that allow reliable, fast, easily accessible, highly sensitive, miniaturized and portable analyses has been required. Furthermore, they enable point-of-care analysis, which allows decentralized clinical monitoring, which decreases the cost and provides an improvement in the quality of health life of the human being. In this context, the first chapter details the development of a low-cost, easy-to-produce disposable electrochemical sensor composed of a conductive ink modified with Prussian blue for the enzymatic and non-enzymatic detection of the biomarker’s uric acid, hydrogen peroxide and glucose. The sensor developed was applied as a wearable sensor in a 3D-printed device for real-time monitoring of synthetic biological fluid. The estimated cost per sensor and biosensor unit was R$4.71 and for the biosensor it was R$6.89, which makes these platforms attractive compared to traditional laboratory tests. The second chapter deals with the development of an electrochemical sensor and immunosensor for the detection of L-Cysteine (L-Cys) and the Spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The applicability of the immunosensor for detecting the Spike protein was proven in synthetic saliva samples, thus demonstrating its efficiency in relation to the gold standard RT-PCR technique. Low LODs were demonstrated for L-Cys (0.7 μmol L−1) and Spike protein (0.7 and 1.0 pmol L−1). The third chapter describes the use of fallen tree leaves from the Persea americana Mill species as a substrate for the manufacture of electrochemical sensors using CO2 lasers. The application of the sensor for the detection of dopamine (DA) showed interesting analytical characteristics such as good repeatability and reproducibility, with values of 1.46% and 6.47%, respectively. The use of this type of substrate presents an innovative and high-potential approach as a sustainable and ecological alternative to traditional sensor substrates. Finally, the fourth chapter describes how to obtain easy-to-produce, reusable and low-cost platforms for the development of analytical devices with characteristics suitable for multiplexed analysis. The detection of L-Dopa and DA showed low LOD values of 0.11 and 0.26 µmol L−1, respectively. In this way, it is hoped that the new devices presented here will help make diagnoses more accessible and more cost-effective for the population.
Caracterização fenotípica, genômica e transcriptômica de parasitos Crithidia sp. LVH60a obtidos de pacientes diagnosticados com Leishmaniose Visceral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-09)
Rogerio, Luana Aparecida
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Maruyama, Sandra Regina Costa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5719754923228879
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6652725921997633
Leishmaniasis is a group of neglected diseases that can be caused by over 20 species of protozoa from genus Leishmania. Since 1980, monoxenous trypanosomatids have been found in cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis cases in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. In Brazil, parasites of Crithidia genus were first reported in 2019 in a fatal case of human visceral leishmaniasis in Sergipe (SE), referred to as Crithidia sp. LVH60A. To characterize clinical isolates of Crithidia sp. LVH60A parasites obtained from a relapsing patient from the same region, this study aimed to characterize phenotypically and perform genomic and transcriptomic analyzes of these clinical isolates. In this regard, parasite cultures were analyzed for growth curves, morphological features, in vitro infectivity and in silico identification of virulence-related proteins in Crithidia sp. LVH60A genome. Genomic DNA was sequenced, assembled, and compared to other trypanosomatid species. Additionally, we assessed the difference in gene expression of parasites and human macrophages infected with different species of Leishmania and Crithidia using messenger RNA sequencing (mRNA-seq), employing a dual RNA-seq approach. Phenotypic analyses demonstrated that the Crithidia sp. LVH60A parasites were capable of replicate at temperatures of 25 °C and 35 °C, surviving and multiplying within different macrophage lineages. Morphological analyses revealed that the cellular body of Crithidia sp. LVH60A is rounded, possesses shorter flagella than L. infantum, and presents some differences when compared to the Crithidia fasciculata TCC039E strain. Genomic analyses showed that the clinical isolates from 2017 had over 98% nucleotide identity with the LVH60a C1 strain (Crithidia sp. LVH60A). Genome alignments of Crithidia sp. LVH60A and C. fasciculata strains showed an average nucleotide identity ranging from 92.7% to 94.8%, depending on the software used. Chromosomal rearrangements of Crithidia sp. LVH60A was also observed and validated when compared to C. fasciculata CfCl reference genome. The mRNA-seq results showed that infection with different parasite strains did not significantly alter the transcriptional expression of macrophages; however, slight changes were observed shortly after the infection. However, there was a clear difference in the expression of the trypanosomatid transcripts. Some differentially expressed transcripts are shared by strains of Leishmania spp. and Crithidia sp. LVH60A. These transcripts encode proteins that mediate responses to stress, nutrition, and host immune response evasion. Our results suggest that the Crithidia sp. LVH60A may be a new species within the Crithidia genus; however, more isolates of Crithidia sp. LVH60A need to be analyzed with a focus on population genomics to confirm this evidence.
"A gente tinha que se virar sozinha": processos educativos emergentes da andarilhagem de mulheres atletas de futsal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-09)
Bianconi, Ana Cláudia
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Souza Júnior, Osmar Moreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9176123942671062
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2915-5634
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2627342414497317
This research aims to identify, understand and describe the educational processes that emerge from the social practice of wandering among female futsal athletes. To participate in this study, five women futsal athletes who were part of the main team of the club Associação Sãocarlense de Futsal – ASF were selected from records in field diaries of a conversation circle. This is a qualitative research based on dialogicity and centered on subjects, which was developed from interviews with the participants, which were recorded and transcribed in field diaries. For data analysis, we chose to carry out an episodic analysis, in which excerpts from the interviews were selected, presented and discussed, in order to promote reflection around the episodes, associating them, when possible, with Freirean concepts. The results found point to the denunciation of processes of dehumanization and situations of oppression experienced by female futsal athletes when walking as they establish themselves professionally as athletes, and reveal educational processes of coping, mutual care, support, identity, which function as a foundation and contribute to the process of developing critical consciousness that leads to liberating praxis, based on the permanent and constant state of being subjects that they are being.
O Suporte Básico de Vida durante a Prática Deliberada em Ciclos Rápidos sob a ótica de estudantes universitários
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-10)
Nalin, Gabriela Wicher
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Girão, Fernanda Berchelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9999840170649511
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7229-0519
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0242322462132681
To analyze the perceptions of university students in Basic Life Support during Deliberate Practice in Rapid Cycles (PDCR). Method: descriptive-exploratory study, using a qualitative approach. The study scenario was developed at the Health Simulation Unit (USS) of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), located in the city of São Carlos. The population of this study was made up of 29 students regularly enrolled in undergraduate courses at UFSCar during the period established for data collection, with a higher prevalence of female participants (75.86%), aged between 21 and 22 years ( 34.47%). Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, which combine open and closed questions, carried out by two previously trained collaborating researchers who did not participate in the PDCR phase. The interviews were transcribed in full and stored in Google Docs, in which the analysis was carried out with the help of highlights and selection, instruments present in this tool. The data obtained from the interviews were explored using the Thematic Content Analysis technique, proposed by Bardin (2011). To compose the data analysis, these were carried out in three phases: pre-analysis; material analysis; and the treatment of results, inference and interpretation. Results: after analysis, three empirical categories emerged: “Feelings and emotions related to the beginning of PDCR”, “Feedback, opportunities for repetition and facilitators” and “Cognitive learning and practical experience”. The students expressed good feelings during the practice, highlighting the transformation process in a positive way, security in working in a small group, achievement of learning by observing other students, relationship of targeted repetitions with their knowledge and feelings, presence of facilitators and the interruption practice for feedback for confidence, security and the importance of articulating theory with practical experience. Conclusion: there was an increase in the participants' self-confidence and confidence in decision-making, increased satisfaction and improved performance in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, in addition to the acquisition of new skills and a positive perception about the presence of the facilitators. Objective and targeted feedback maximized time spent practicing resuscitation skills, contributing to mastery of a given skill.
As questões de gênero, raça e classe em livros didáticos de Matemática: uma análise a partir da educação Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade – CTS
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-10)
Sousa, André Cristovão
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Lopes, Nataly Carvalho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0285391776145231
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5113-8398
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5877683641484713
Among the contemporary guidelines that we open the paths for the deconstruction of patriarchy and monoculture, we do not teach, but as an anti-racist culture, we fear the necessary anti-colonial struggle of educational practices, defacing stereotypes that maintain the domination of class, race and gender, which amplifies inequalities and social injustices. For the natural sciences, there is still a challenge to decharacterize their static, unquestionable, and neutral aspect, since the sciences, specifically Mathematics, walk alongside the technological reality and its consequences for social and economic development. In this sense, the objective of the research was to identify the contributions of two textbooks - LD of Mathematics approved by PNLD, considering Education Science, Technology and Society - ECTS for the visibilities of gender, class and class quests. It is a qualitative, exploratory, and documentary study. The data are constituted from two textbooks of Mathematics "Praticando Matemática" and "Araribá: Mais Matemática". The results will show that, despite the advances in the discussions about the deconstruction of stereotypes and the insertion of concrete situations in reality for the STS education and integral formation of the subject, the textbooks still reproduce the European monoculture, making invisible the scientific and social contribution of blacks, women and indigenous people, or that encourages the reproduction of prejudices and discrimination. There are few mentions of specific situations that can lead to CTS education, being either a teacher or the main moving agent that can act so that education is based on the emancipation and freedom of the subject. It is considered that the discussions on the construction of gender and sexuality must advance so that there is a break with the binary that imposes the legitimacy of the dominance of one class over another, of one race over another or of one gender over another. Education must transgress the strategies of domination to train people against all forms of discrimination and prejudice, in order to advance towards the emancipation of two subjects. It is concluded that in the textbook collections analyzed, it can be said that there is a timid movement to include subjects who were made invisible and excluded, however, it is also clear that situations that reinforce stereotypes and discrimination are still present on the pages of textbooks.
Os silenciamentos aos sentimentos das crianças pequenas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-10)
Cavalcante, Giovana Albiero Dellosso
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Camargo, Andreia Regina de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0936098182171676
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1158-2814
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Santos, Maria Walburga dos
The main objective of this study is to understand how, in early childhood education, we can educate and care from the perspective of inseparability from existence, taking into account the feelings of young children. The research uses a qualitative methodology based on the state of knowledge, and presents its results based on the field of childhood studies. During its development it is possible to find some theoretical contributions on the feeling of childhood, children's rights and childcare in early childhood education. Despite the scarcity of studies found on this subject, it was possible to draw up clues as to how children's feelings can be valued and not silenced, especially in the early childhood education environment; such as by opening up to listening and welcoming; guaranteeing children's rights; and the inseparability of educating and caring
Teoria de controle ótimo aplicada a sistemas quânticos abertos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-10)
Fernandes, Marllos Eustáquio Fonseca
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Castelano, Leonardo Kleber
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1397190485811267
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4746-3657
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8873149632621307
This thesis, grounded in the field of quantum computing, explores diverse and crucial topics for the advancement of this area. Firstly, we introduce an innovative "double-bang" solution using optimal control theory for state preparation in the context of quantum teleportation. Combined with the adiabatic door teleportation protocol, this approach provides an experimentally viable way for the implementation of universal quantum computing. Subsequently, we shift our focus to adiabatic quantum computing, revealing the robustness of the adiabatic entanglement protocol to noise and proposing enhancements to the teleportation protocol through the inclusion of local control fields. Collectively, these studies contribute to the progress of quantum computing, offering practical insights for future implementations in Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. Finally, we apply the Krotov method to find optimized controls in open quantum systems, highlighting the effectiveness of non-unitary optimization in state preparation, although unitary optimization often proves equivalent in the implementation of quantum gates.
Estudo da detecção de cédulas falsas da segunda família do Real Brasileiro através de técnicas de processamento de imagens
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-13)
Betti, Rafael Roiz Moyses
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Barcellos, Robson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9844506370403162
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6009-4825
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8819521688824482
With the advent and creation of a oficial currency for the national territory, attempts do defraud Brazilian paper money and forge new ways to counterfeit it also emerged, which only grow and evolve over the years. In this way, considering the utmost importance of money for the functioning of the economy and society as a whole, it i salso necessary to validadte it properly and combat attempts at counterfeiting, both by human operators and automatically. This paper proposes a system capable of automatically separating and classifying Brazilian Real bills from the Second Family into a group of counterfeit bills and another group of genuine bills. For this, five security features of Brazilian paper money are selected, namely the “Watermark”, “Color-Changing Number”, “Holographic Strip”, “Hidden Number”, and “Fluorescent Elements”, studied individually using different image acquisition and processing techniques, image mathematical analysis, and the determination of a classification criterion. The methodology chosen for this study uses MATLAB and takes into account methods used in other works published from the perspective of Indian currency. This experiment presented na accuracy of 100% for four of the five security features tested, and 75% for the last, which led to the discussion of future suggestions for development and improvement for the Project, also exposed in this paper.
A cartografia escolar na produção acadêmica em geografia e educação: uma análise das pesquisas brasileiras realizadas entre 1995 e 2020
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-13)
Castanha, Rafael da Silva
;
Tozi, Fabio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1239744709191702
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1448-8353
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0633454591433310
In this dissertation, we conducted a research categorized as state of the art, which included the survey and classification of works on School Cartography produced by postgraduate programs (stricto sensu) in Geography and Education in Brazil, between 1995 and 2020. This is an investigation developed through the quantitative methodology of a descriptive nature, supported by the use of descriptors and filters available in the CAPES Catalog of Theses and Dissertations. Through this, we seek to present a historical overview of the set of production in School Cartography, according to the respective thematic axes disseminated in the Brazilian context, since the consolidation of this area of research as an academic field, with the first colloquia on cartography for children and schoolchildren held by several universities in the country. The theoretical basis was based on the contributions of the main authors and reference authors in the areas of Education, School Geography and School Cartography. Among the main conclusions of this study, we highlight that School Cartography has gained greater notoriety in the academic field, as productions become more dynamic and aim to understand the processes of reading and representing space in the school environment, from different perspectives and theoretical methodological analyses. However, it was also possible to verify that research in School Cartography, both in the area of Geography and Education, is still intensely concentrated mainly in universities in the Southeast, South and Central-West of the country, while in the other regions, productions are scarce or even non-existent.
Optimizing resetting of superconducting qubits
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-13)
Diniz, Ciro Micheletti
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De Assis, Rogério Jorge
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Almeida, Norton Gomes de
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Villas-Bôas, Celso Jorge
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3102671365275808
Movimentos de renovação política e juventude: sentimentos partidários e democracia em cheque
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-13)
Campos, Daniele Olimpio de
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Kerbauy, Maria Teresa Miceli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4762029784021248
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0622-1512
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0922683205785588
Aren't young people responsible for the future of our country? Inspired by this question, the research carried out here aims to analyze how young people belonging to Political Renewal Movements understand and participate in Brazilian democratic processes, and above all, how they perceive the crisis of political representation and partisan sentiments. To this end, a case study was carried out focusing on the analysis of two Renovation Movements, Bancada Ativista, and RenovaBR, chosen because they concentrate young participants from multiple ideological and partisan aspects. This study is divided into three phases, including the cataloging of all participants and former participants of the respective movements and the carrying out of semi-structured interviews with young people from the chosen organizations. Furthermore, from the literature research, conceptual elements were added to understand the entire context of the creation and development of Political Renewal Movements in Brazil and their relationships with Brazilian youth.
Formação de Ilhas de Calor Urbano em áreas industriais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-13)
Arruda, Angela Maria de
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Masiero, Érico
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2691827106518167
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5320646745445483
The impact of urbanization and industrialization on the natural environment has aroused the interest of many researchers since the end of the 19th century, when the increase in urban air temperature compared to the rural environment. This phenomenon called Urban Heat Island (UHI) impacts the thermal comfort of individuals, health problems, in air pollution and greater energy demand. The main objective of this thesis was recording the thermal behavior, occurrence and configuration of UHIs caused by the implementation of industrial zones in the urban microclimate. From the analysis systematically, it can be identified that soil use and temperature (LST) are largely explored in work on and remote sensing appears as a method most widespread, followed by computer modeling and simulation. When comparing two industrial districts of different cities, Sintra/PT and Uberlândia/BR, using the software ENVI-met and principal component analysis, it was found that the impact of ventilation in the cooling of industrial districts overlaps with factors such as the percentage of vegetation of the studied site and the albedo, capable of increasing 1.5oC in the industrial environment of Sintra when there is a reduction in wind speed of 1.9 m/s. It was verified need to expand the study, beyond the interrelationship between Tar and LST, considering other microclimatic variables such as wind speed (WS) and direction (WD), sky seeing factor (SVF), rate of kinetic energy (TKE), relative humidity (RH) and air specific (Uesp). Tar and RH were collected in situ in a residential section (R) and another industrial (DI), in the city of Uberlândia/MG, for 15 days for validation of the computational model. Tar throughout the 24 simulated hours remained higher in DI if compared to the residential section, reaching up to 1.3o C higher in the early morning. A higher vegetation rate present in the DI was not able to overcome the effect of the high rate of waterproofing by asphalt and the roofs of the large warehouses, made up of tiles uncoated metals, which tend to retain heat and have thermal emissivity low. Data from the A 507 meteorological station located at the airport of Uberlândia to estimate UHI intensity, with UHI intensity in DI being 70% higher than the residential segment. The conclusions obtained point to the difficulty of implementation of traditional mitigating measures in industrial districts, whether for limitation of physical space or feasibility of necessary interventions. Actions like replacement of construction materials already implemented by materials with properties adequate thermal temperatures, present themselves as viable alternatives to mitigate the effects of UHIs, mainly regarding the increase in nighttime Tar in industrial districts studied. Urban planning focused on the orientation of streets and avenues to optimize the circulation of winds, and allow penetration into the urban fabric, as well as the increase of the albedo of roofs and floors, can also be interesting alternatives for the mitigation of UHIs in industrial areas. The application of acrylic paints in roofs and surfaces of buildings, or the replacement of parking lot floors and maneuvering yards with permeable floors and open spaces are also alternatives that should guide construction guidelines for industrial districts, especially in cities with tropical climate. The integration between urban planning, on the part of the administration public sector, and companies present in DIs, can transform in the long term, the process of occupation of urban industrial zones focused only on optimizing production industrial. Initiatives that involve public authorities, the population affected by the conditions deteriorated thermal comfort and the interests of industries must converge towards establish processes that effectively integrate such spaces into the urban environment of the point from a climatological point of view. Transformations in urban district planning concepts Industrial industries must contribute to thermal relief and mitigate the effects of UHI in cities.